Digital Commons Network^™

From Market Driven To Market Driving, Nirmalya Kumar, Lisa Scheer, Philip Kotler

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Firms are constantly exhorted to become more market driven. However, our study of 25 pioneering companies (e.g. Body Shop, IKEA, Tetra Pak) whose success has been based on radical business innovation indicates that such companies are better described as market driving. While market driven processes are excellent in generating incremental innovation, they rarely produce the type of radical innovation which underlies market driving companies. Market driving companies, who are generally new entrants into an industry, gain a more sustainable competitive advantage by delivering a leap in customer value through a unique business system. Market driving strategies entail high risk, but …

Downsizing, Debürokratisierung Und Krisenmanagement: Neuere Entwicklungstendenzen In Malaysias Öffentlicher Verwaltung, Thomas Menkhoff

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Der Beitrag analysiert mit Blick auf die Asienkrise Entwicklungsaspekte und ausgewählte Strukturmerkmale der öffentlichen Verwaltung in Malaysia, an die nicht zuletzt im Rahmen des derzeitigen Krisenmanagements hohe Anforderungen hinsichtlich Effizienz, Professionalität und Kundenorientiertheit gestellt werden. Besonderes Interesse gilt den vor einigen Jahren eingeleiteten Reform- und Debürokratisierungsmaßnahmen, durch die die Leistungskraft der öffentlichen Verwaltung und der in ihr Tätigen erhöht werden soll. Der Beitrag verdeutlicht die Hintergründe der anhaltenden Restrukturierungsanstrengungen, zeigt interne Schwachstellen auf und untersucht, inwieweit die öffentliche Verwaltung in der Lage ist, die an sie gestellten Erwartungen einzulösen.

Enhancing Economic Cooperation: A Regional Arbitration Centre For Asean?, Pearlie Koh

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Economic co-operation within ASEAN can be said to have seriously begun only at the beginning of the nineties. Prior to that, it was well known that, ASEAN as a co-operative grouping, had existed mainly with a political and strategic focus. It is with this focus that ASEAN managed to establish and maintain cohesiveness through the years despite the shaky beginnings of what has been described as a 'brittle alliance' borne of a common fear of communism. And it is with this focus that ASEAN, as a regional grouping, has generally been hailed as a success.

On The Validity Of Digital Signatures, Jianying Zhou, Robert H. Deng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

An important feature of digital signatures is to serve as non-repudiation evidence. To be eligible as non-repudiation evidence, a digital signature on an electronic document should remain valid until its expiry date which is specified by some non-repudiation policy. As signature keys may be compromised and the validity of signatures may become questionable, additional security mechanisms need to be imposed on digital signatures. This paper examines the mechanisms for maintaining the validity of digital signatures, and provides a guideline on the use of these mechanisms in various context of applications.

A Review Of Offenders In A State Psychiatric Hospital, L. E. C. Lim, L. L. Tan, M. Sung, K. L. Chan, M. I. Loh, Paulin T. Straughan

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Patients remanded over a two-year period to Woodbridge Hospital by Court Order were studied retrospectively. Schizophrenia was the most common diagnosis, theft and robbery the most prevalent offences. Males greatly outnumbered females. There were important gender differences, with males tending to commit sexual offences and females, theft and mischief. Males were less likely to be acquainted with their victims but those who caused hurt were more likely to know their victims. Outrage of modesty and theft were more likely to be committed against strangers. The reconviction rate was 26%, with repeat offenders more likely to commit sexual offences and theft. …

Sap Implementation At The University Of Nebraska, T. Sieber, Keng Siau, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, M. Sieber

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The University Community will have access to information, including human, physical, and financial, through an integrated administrative system. The system will be user-driven and flexible in a seamless and distributed environment to support efficient and effective business processes necessary to accommodate the mission of the University and its campuses.

Treatment Of Multi-Courts Jurisdiction Agreements, Seow Hon Tan

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

An increasingly popular manner of drafting jurisdiction clauses in cross-border contracts involves the selection of the courts of more than one jurisdiction. Traditionally, parties would submit all disputes to the courts of a particular country under an exclusive jurisdiction agreement or agree that the transaction is subject to a particular jurisdiction without intending to create an obligation to proceed there and nowhere else. Of late, the Singapore courts have encountered litigation over multi-courts jurisdiction agreements. A common form involves the naming of a particular court with one of the parties being given the option to proceed anywhere else.

A Framework For Acquiring Domain Semantics And Knowledge For Database Integration, Roger Hsiang-Li Chiang, Ee Peng Lim, Veda C. Storey

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Database integration research has traditionally focused on understanding integration issues from the schema and instance perspectives. As a result, database integration approaches tend to rely on a direct comparison of schema and instance elements. However, when the integration of heterogeneous databases is performed without considering the domain semantics and knowledge of local databases such as context information and requirement specifications, an incorrect integrated database may be produced. In this research, a framework for carrying out database integration tasks using the above knowledge is proposed. The framework provides a thorough foundation to: 1. analyze database integration issues from a broad scope, …

Sources Of Work-Family Conflict: A Sino-U.S. Comparison Of The Effects Of Work And Family Demands, Nini Yang, Chao C. Chen, Jaepil Choi, Yimin Zou

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Given differences in values about work and family time, it is hypothesized that Americans will experience greater family demand, which will have greater impact on work-family conflict, whereas the Chinese will experience greater work demand, which will have the greater impact on work-family conflict. The results of a survey of working men and women in the 2 countries generally support the hypotheses; however, work demand did not differ significantly between the 2 countries and did not have a greater effect than family demand on work-family conflict in China.

German Law Paves The Way For Mandatory Mediation, Nadja Alexander

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Effective as of 1 January 2000, the Federal Government of Germany has introduced legislation permitting all German states (Laender) to introduce mandatory court-connected mediation with respect to certain kinds of civil disputes.

Singapore Management University Report To Stakeholders 2000 - 2001, Singapore Management University

Report to Stakeholders

It has been an extremely gratifying first year for SMU. From scratch, we saw a curriculum developed, a more than credible faculty assembled, a campus bloom from the ground in record time, and a small group of bright and very promising young individuals set the standard as the historic pioneer intake of students. How did we even begin to persuade sponsors or students to come on board with us? We had no track record, no alumni, not even an existing undergraduate population. Yet, industry support was unabashedly warm from the time Singapore’s third university was announced. First year application for …

Companies Act (Cap. 50): Memorandum And Articles Of Association Of Singapore Management University (Registration No. 200000267z), Singapore Management University

SMU Press Releases and News

This is to certify that Singapore Management University is incorporated under the Companies Act Cap. 50 on and from 12/01/2000 and that the company is a public company limited by guarantee.

The objects of the Company are to establish, operate, maintain and promote the Singapore Management University (hereinafter called the 'University') which will provide courses of study or instruction pertaining to management, human resource development and any other fields of knowledge.

Dynamic Regressions With Variables Observed At Different Frequencies, Tilak Abeysinghe, Anthony S. Tay

Research Collection School Of Economics

We consider the problem of formulating and estimating dynamic regression models with variables observed at different frequencies. The strategy adopted is to define the dynamics of the model in terms of the highest available frequency, and to apply certain lag polynomials to transform the dynamics so that the model is expressed solely in terms of observed variables. A general solution is provided for models with monthly and quarterly observations. We also show how the methods can be extended to models with quarterly and annual observations, and models combining monthly and annual observations.

The Long Term Effects Of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibition And Metabolic Control On Cardiovascular And Renal Outcomes In Hypertensive Type 2 Diabetic Patients, Julien C. N. Chan, Gary T. C. Ko, Denis H. Y. Leung

Research Collection School Of Economics

Long-term effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and metabolic control in hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients. Background. In hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients, treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors is associated with a lower incidence of cardiovascular events than those treated with calcium channel-blocking agents. However, the long-term renal effects of ACE inhibitors in these patients remain inconclusive. In 1989, we commenced a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized study to examine the anti-albuminuric effects of enalapril versus nifedipine (slow release) in 102 hypertensive, type 2 diabetic patients. These patients have been followed up for a mean trial duration of 5.5 ± 2.2 years. …

An Empirical Analysis Of Unit Trust Performance In Singapore, Joseph H. H. Chia, Yiu Kuen Tse

Research Collection School Of Economics

The Singapore government’s recent strategic plan to develop the financial sector has placed much emphasis on the fund management industry. In this paper we examine the unit trust performance in Singapore in the 90s. Our results show that fund managers in general performed poorly in security analysis and market timing. However, they performed fairly well in risk-adjusted returns and generally maintained well-diversified portfolios. We find that there is little consistency in the performance ranking of the evaluated portfolios, although there is evidence of repeat performance of some top funds. Our analysis also shows that fund managers could indeed make excess …

Resource Commitment, Entry Timing, And Market Performance Of Foreign Direct Investments In Emerging Economics: The Case Of Japanese International Joint Ventures In China, Takehiko Isobe, Shige Makino, David B. Montgomery

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This study examined whether early movers and technology leaders attained superior performance in emerging economic regions. We assessed the determinants and performance consequences of two key aspects of entry strategy, resource commitment to technology transfer and timing of entry, using survey data from over 220 Sino-Japanese joint ventures (JVs) in China. Both high commitment and early entry had positive impacts on the perceived economic performance of the JVs. Yet these relationships were found to be significantly contingent on several internal and external factors, such as the strategic importance of an investment, parental control of a JV, and the availability of …

Entrepreneurial Infrastructure In Singapore: Developing A Model And Mapping Participation, Teck Meng Tan, Wee Liang Tan, John E. Young

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Entrepreneurial infrastructure, as the term is used in this article, represents the facilities and services present within a given geographic area which encourage the birth of new ventures and the growth and development of small- and medium- sized enterprises. The model of entrepreneurial infrastructure developed here and applied to the nation of Singapore suggests that they provide support to poten tial new business owners, owners of small growing businesses, and existing small- and medium-sized enterprises by way of assisting them with tasks, physical and monetary resources, information and knowledge. This article also develops a map ping function to predict the …

The Implications Of The Knowledge Economy For Venture Promotion Policies, Teck Meng Tan, Wee Liang Tan

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The advent of the knowledge economy brings with it needed new public policy initiatives on the part of governments desiring to ensure that enterprises in their economies are able to participate and excel in this new arena. The knowledge economy brings with it opportunities for new ventures as it embroils the global economy in a revolution where information technology is a pervasive and enabling force; where knowledge is the critical asset. This paper explores the implications this revolution for small and medium-sized enterprises and suggests policy initiatives that would assist in promoting ventures for this brave new world.

The E-Landscape: An Unexplored Goldmine Of The New Millennium, Thow Yick Liang

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The Internet is an intangible cyberworld created by the human mind. Exploring and exploiting this e-landscape requires a totally redefined mindset. The fact that it exists in the mental realm also makes it a nonlinear system. In this respect, understanding both intangible and nonlinear dynamics is a requisite to the proper exploitation of e-commerce. The e-landscape is a new edge of chaos where order and disorder co-exist. It could be a goldmine for those who swiftly recognize structure in this highly disordered territory. The tremendous number of opportunities and uncertainties embedded in the submerged portion of this iceberg are still …

Inclusive Production Of Π0, Η, Η′ (958), Kg0s And Λ In Two- And Three-Jet Events From Hadronic Z Decays, R. Barate, M. Thulasidas

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The production rates and the inclusive cross sections of the isovector meson π0π0, the isoscalar mesons ηη and η′(958)η′(958), the strange meson K0SKS0 and the ΛΛ baryon have been measured as functions of scaled energy in hadronic events, two-jet events and each jet of three-jet events from hadronic Z decays and compared to Monte Carlo models. The analysis is based on 3.7 million hadronic events collected with the ALEPH detector at LEP at a centre-of-mass energy of s√=91.2s=91.2 GeV. The JETSET modelling of the gluon fragmentation into isoscalar mesons is found to be in agreement with the experimental results. HERWIG …

Measurement Of The Z Resonance Parameters At Lep, R. Barate, M. Thulasidas

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The properties of the Z resonance are measured from the analysis of 4.5 million Z decays into fermion pairs collected with the ALEPH detector at LEP. The data are consistent with lepton universality. The resonance parameters are measured to be MZ=(91.1885±0.0031)GeV/c2MZ=(91.1885±0.0031)GeV/c2, ΓZ=(2.4951±0.0043)ΓZ=(2.4951±0.0043) GeV, σ0had=(41.559±0.058)σhad0=(41.559±0.058) nb and, combining the three lepton flavours, Rℓ=20.725±0.039Rℓ=20.725±0.039. The corresponding number of light neutrino species is Nν=2.983±0.013Nν=2.983±0.013 and the strong coupling constant is αs(MZ)=0.114±0.004±0.002QCD+0.005log10[MH150GeV/c2]αs(MZ)=0.114±0.004±0.002QCD+0.005log10⁡[MH150GeV/c2]. The lepton pair forward-backward asymmetry is measured to be A0,ℓFB=0.0173±0.0016AFB0,ℓ=0.0173±0.0016 from which the effective weak mixing angle is derived: sin2θlepteff=0.23089±0.00089sin2⁡θefflept=0.23089±0.00089. The measurement of the leptonic width Γℓℓ=84.02±0.15Γℓℓ=84.02±0.15 MeV leads to a determination …

Measurements Of The Structure Of Quark And Gluon Jets In Hadronic Z Decays, R. Barate, M. Thulasidas

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

An experimental investigation of the structure of identified quark and gluon jets is presented. Observables related to both the global and internal structure of jets are measured; this allows for tests of QCD over a wide range of transverse momentum scales. The observables include distributions of jet-shape variables, the mean and standard deviation of the subjet multiplicity distribution and the fragmentation function for charged particles. The data are compared with predictions of perturbative QCD as well as QCD-based Monte Carlo models. In certain kinematic regions the measurements are sensitive mainly to perturbatively calculable effects, allowing for a test of QCD. …

Search For R-Parity Violating Decays Of Supersymmetric Particles In E+E- Collisions At Centre-Of-Mass Energies Near 183 Gev, R. Barate, M. Thulasidas

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Searches for pair-production of supersymmetric particles under the assumption that R-parity is violated via a single dominant LLE¯LLE¯, LQD¯LQD¯ or U¯D¯D¯U¯D¯D¯ coupling are performed using the data collected by the ALEPH collaboration at centre-of-mass energies of 181–184 GeV. The observed candidate events in the data are in agreement with the Standard Model expectations. Upper limits on the production cross-sections and lower limits on the masses of charginos, sleptons, squarks and sneutrinos are derived.

Study Of Charm Production In Z Decays, R. Barate, M. Thulasidas

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The production rates of D∗±D∗±, D∗±sDs∗±, D±D±, D0/D¯0D0/D¯0, D±sDs±, and Λ+c/Λ¯−cΛc+/Λ¯c− in Z→cc¯Z→cc¯ decays are measured using the LEP I data sample recorded by the ALEPH detector. The fractional energy spectrum of the D∗±D∗± is well described as the sum of three contributions: charm hadronisation, b hadron decays and gluon splitting into a pair of heavy quarks. The probability for a c quark to hadronise into a D∗+D∗+ is found to be f(c→D∗+)=0.233±0.010(stat.)±0.011(syst.)f(c→D∗+)=0.233±0.010(stat.)±0.011(syst.). The average fraction of the beam energy carried by D∗±D∗± mesons in Z→cc¯Z→cc¯ events is measured to be ⟨XE(D∗±)⟩cc¯=0.4878±0.0046(stat.)±0.0061(syst.).⟨XE(D∗±)⟩cc¯=0.4878±0.0046(stat.)±0.0061(syst.). The D∗±D∗± energy and the hemisphere mass imbalance …

Supervised Adaptive Resonance Theory And Rules, Ah-Hwee Tan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Supervised Adaptive Resonance Theory is a family of neural networks that performs incremental supervised learning of recognition categories (pattern classes) and multidimensional maps of both binary and analog patterns. This chapter highlights that the supervised ART architecture is compatible with IF-THEN rule-based symbolic representation. Specifi­cally, the knowledge learned by a supervised ART system can be readily translated into rules for interpretation. Similarly, a priori domain knowl­edge in the form of IF-THEN rules can be converted into a supervised ART architecture. Not only does initializing networks with prior knowl­edge improve predictive accuracy and learning efficiency, the inserted symbolic knowledge can also …

Law And Values In Governance: The Singapore Way, Eugene K. B. Tan

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

The article examines the role of law and the legal system in catalysing Singapore's development success. It argues that there is a dichotomy in the approach with regard to commercial law and law relating to individual freedom and rights and civil society. Universalism characterises the treatment of commercial laws while cultural relativism and a communitarian-based understanding of rights and obligations are features of the law relating to the rights of the individual. Instrumentalism, driven by a particularistic 'communitarian' political philosophy underpinned by strong Confucianist values, is very much motivated by the need for good governance as a prerequisite for economic …

Religion And Modernity: Ritual Transformations And The Reconstruction Of Space And Time, Chee Kiong Tong, Lily Kong

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

In this paper, we use the case of Chinese religion in Singapore to examine the relationships between religion and modernity, and between social processes, on the one hand, and spatial conceptions, forms and structures and temporal practices, on the other. Specifically, we look at how traditional Chinese rituals are being modified, reinterpreted and invented to fit with modern living. Such ritual transformations entail reconstructed notions of space and time. Through such transformations, modernity does not simply lead to the demise of religious beliefs and practices but allows for a continued role for religion in providing a meaning system for Chinese …

Similarities And Differences In European Conceptions Of Human Resource Management: Toward A Polycentric Study, Timothy Adrian Robert Clark, Derek Pugh

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Increasingly managers need to distinguish between those oftheir activities and practices that can be successfully transferred acrossnational boundaries and those that will require modification in view ofdivergences between national settings. This can be determined by initiallyidentifying those features of managing organizations that remain similar acrossnational boundaries and those that are different, and then ascertaining thestrength of the forces for convergence or divergence. This article describes anexploratory attempt to conduct a polycentric (in the terms described below)research study of conceptions of human resource management in seven Europeancountries. It examines whether there is a single, shared conception of HRM thattranscends national boundaries, …

Two Hundred Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: Recurrence Patterns And Prognostic Factors For Survival, Ronald P. Dematteo, Jonathan J. Lewis, Denis H. Y. Leung, Salvinder S. Mudan, James M. Woodruff, Murray F. Brennan

Research Collection School Of Economics

Objective: To analyze the outcome of 200 patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) who were treated at a single institution and followed up prospectively. Summary Background Data: A GIST is a visceral sarcoma that arises from the gastrointestinal tract. Surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment because adjuvant therapy is unproven. Methods: Two hundred patients with malignant GIST were admitted and treated at Memorial Hospital during the past 16 years. Patient, tumor, and treatment variables were analyzed to identify patterns of tumor recurrence and factors that predict survival. Results: Of the 200 patients, 46% had primary disease without metastasis, 47% …

Hong Kong And Singapore, Sock Yong Phang

Research Collection School Of Economics

There are many similarities between Hong Kong and Singapore. They have both enjoyed high rates of economic growth over the past three decades, averaging six percent a year in real terms. The two have become known as “East Asian Tigers,” having made the transition from poverty to newly industrialized economies in a relatively short time. Both started off as British colonies, with British legal and administrative systems, and made their living as trading ports serving their respective regions. Singapore has been an independent republic since 1965; Hong Kong was returned to China on July 1, 1997. While Hong Kong and …