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Technology Competition And Optimal Investment Timing: A Real Options Perspective, Robert J. Kauffman, X. Li Jan 2005

Technology Competition And Optimal Investment Timing: A Real Options Perspective, Robert J. Kauffman, X. Li

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Companies often choose to defer irreversible investments to maintain valuable managerial flexibility in an uncertain world. For some technology-intensive projects, technology uncertainty plays a dominant role in affecting investment timing. This article analyzes the investment timing strategy for a firm that is deciding about whether to adopt one or the other of two incompatible and competing technologies.We develop a continuous-time stochastic model that aids in the determination of optimal timing for managerial adoption within the framework of real options theory. The model captures the elements of the decision-making process in such a way so as to provide managerial guidance in …

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Education, Technological Progress And Economic Growth, Winston T. H. Koh, Hing-Man Leung Jan 2005

Education, Technological Progress And Economic Growth, Winston T. H. Koh, Hing-Man Leung

Research Collection School Of Economics

An important role of education – and the resultant accumulation of human capital – for a less-developed economy is to facilitate technology diffusion in order for it to catch up with developed economies. This paper presents a model linking education, the accumulation of physical capital and technological progress. In the model, investment in education and the accumulation of physical capital are complementary, and intertwine with the technology progress through related effects on technology diffusion and the expansion of the technology frontier. The allocation of effort to education, the optimal savings rate and the technology gap are endogenously determined in the …

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The Contractual Basis Of The Enforcement Of Exclusive And Non-Exclusive Choice Of Court Agreements, Tiong Min Yeo Jan 2005

The Contractual Basis Of The Enforcement Of Exclusive And Non-Exclusive Choice Of Court Agreements, Tiong Min Yeo

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This article argues that, although choice of court agreements can be viewed from a procedural or contractual perspective, the predominant approach in Singapore and English law in respect of the exclusive jurisdiction agreement has been to give primacy to the rationale of the enforcement of a contractual bargain, tempered by a judicial discretion in its enforcement within the procedural jurisdictional context. It is also argued that the only difference between exclusive and non-exclusive jurisdiction agreements lies in the content and scope of the agreement between the parties, so the same contractual approach (as tempered by procedural considerations) should be applied …

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Contract Formation And Mistake In Cyberspace – The Singapore Experience, Andrew B.L. Phang Jan 2005

Contract Formation And Mistake In Cyberspace – The Singapore Experience, Andrew B.L. Phang

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

The present article analyses the many important issues that are raised by what is probably the first case on Internet mistake – the Singapore High Court decision of Chwee Kin Keong v Digilandmall.com Pte Ltd [2004] 2 SLR 594. In addition to the law of (especially, unilateral) mistake, issues relating to the formation of a contract will be considered (including the law relating to offer and acceptance with regard to both website advertisements as well as electronic mail transactions, and the weakness of (and, hence, need to reform) the doctrine of consideration).

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Is The Contractor More Secure With A Priority Right? A Functional Analysis Of Article 286 Of Prc Contract Law, Wei Zhang Jan 2005

Is The Contractor More Secure With A Priority Right? A Functional Analysis Of Article 286 Of Prc Contract Law, Wei Zhang

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

In recent years, China’s economic boom has drawn considerable attention all around the world. Real estate development is among the strongest pillars that support the fast growing GDP of this country. When fascinated by the shining residential buildings, office towers and public facilities sprouting across the country, however, we are also surprised at the mountains of the outstanding debts that Chinese contractors are not able to collect. Statistics shows that the aggregate amount of overdue payment to contractors has increased steadily during the past 15 years nationwide, with about $440 million in 1990, $2.4 billion in 1992, $3.7 billion in …

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Defining (Multiple) Selves: Stories From The Field, Chang Yau Hoon Jan 2005

Defining (Multiple) Selves: Stories From The Field, Chang Yau Hoon

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

The ‘Self’ in late-modernity is never singular but multiplies across different discourses, practices and positions. It is constructed through difference. It is only through a relation to the ‘Other’ that the ‘Self’ can be defined. This paper endeavours to map the endless negotiations of my ‘Self’ as male Australian academic of Chinese descent, a Malaysian citizen, a Bruneian resident, and an Indonesian specialist, over a period of fieldwork in Jakarta in 2004. It discusses how I defined my multiple ‘Selves’ to different individuals and communities, how they in turn defined me, and how these constructions were always shifting. Depending on …

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Systems Analysis And Design: Should We Be Researching What We Teach?, A. Bajaj, D. Batra, A. Hevner, J. Parsons, Keng Siau Jan 2005

Systems Analysis And Design: Should We Be Researching What We Teach?, A. Bajaj, D. Batra, A. Hevner, J. Parsons, Keng Siau

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

A guiding premise of academic scholarship is that knowledge gained from first-hand research experience is disseminated to students via the classroom. However, that valuable connection is lost when professors are not researching what they teach. In this paper, we explore issues of mismatch between teaching and research in the Information Systems (IS) discipline. Specifically, while systems analysis and design (SA&D) is an integral topic in IS curricula, this topic is the research specialty of few IS professors. This situation is reflected by the low number of research publications in this area; particularly in the leading mainstream IS journals. We characterize …

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Robust Temporal Constraint Networks, Hoong Chuin Lau, Thomas Ou, Melvyn Sim Jan 2005

Robust Temporal Constraint Networks, Hoong Chuin Lau, Thomas Ou, Melvyn Sim

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, we propose the Robust Temporal Constraint Network (RTCN) model for simple temporal constraint networks where activity durations are bounded by random variables. The problem is to determine whether such temporal network can be executed with failure probability less than a given 0 ≤ E ≤ 1 for each possible instantiation of the random variables, and if so. how one might find a feasible schedule with each given instantiation. The advantage of our model is that one can vary the value of ∊ to control the level of conservativeness of the solution. We present a computationally tractable and …

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Religious Processions: Urban Politics And Poetics, Lily Kong Jan 2005

Religious Processions: Urban Politics And Poetics, Lily Kong

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

In this paper, I will explore the ways in which processions, by their very visibility, foreground the relationships between the secular and the sacred, while contributing to a construction of identity and community, and simultaneously surfacing fractures therein. Using the example of multireligious yet secular Singapore, I will examine (a) the state's management of religious processions, including the regulation of time and space for such events, as well as regulations over noise production; (b) the tactics of adaptation, negotiation and resistance that participants engage in at an everyday level in response to the state's ideologies, policies, laws and strategies; (c) …

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Theorizing, Measuring, And Predicting Knowledge Sharing Behavior In Organizations - A Social Capital Approach, Chay Yue Wah, Thomas Menkhoff, Benjamin Loh, Hans-Dieter Evers Jan 2005

Theorizing, Measuring, And Predicting Knowledge Sharing Behavior In Organizations - A Social Capital Approach, Chay Yue Wah, Thomas Menkhoff, Benjamin Loh, Hans-Dieter Evers

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This study aims to understand the social and organizational factors that influence knowledge sharing. A model of knowledge management and knowledge sharing was developed inspired by the work of Nahapiet and Ghoshal. Data on demographics and various social capital measures were collected from a sample of members of a tertiary educational institution in Singapore in 2003. Reward & recognition, open-mindedness and cost concerns of knowledge hoarding turned out to be the strongest predictors of knowledge sharing rather than pro-social motives or organizational concern. Overall, the findings provide evidence for the importance of a conducive organizational climate and state-of-the art performance …

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Regionalisation And Singapore's Transborder Industrialisation: A New Perspective On Suzhou Industrial Park, Xun Cai, Lu Gao, Caroline Yeoh Jan 2005

Regionalisation And Singapore's Transborder Industrialisation: A New Perspective On Suzhou Industrial Park, Xun Cai, Lu Gao, Caroline Yeoh

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The dynamics of international economic competition have prompted governments to re-examine accustomed policies, and search for alternative strategies, in order to re-position their economies for the future. This paper takes a look at Singapore’s search for a competitive positioning in the global marketplace, and focuses on the city-state’s much-publicized, and controversial, flagship project in China, viz, the Suzhou Industrial Park (SIP). This strategic initiative is premised on the perceptions that Singapore’s positive reputation with multinational corporations, and ‘guanxi’ (or connections) with regional governments, will give the regional sites a strategic advantage in the competition for foreign investments. Earlier studies have …

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Transborder Industrialization And Singapore's Suzhou 'Experiment': A Paradox Of Context?, Lu Gao, Wee Tan, Caroline Yeoh Jan 2005

Transborder Industrialization And Singapore's Suzhou 'Experiment': A Paradox Of Context?, Lu Gao, Wee Tan, Caroline Yeoh

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

No abstract provided.

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Analysis And Insights From A Dynamical Model Of Nuclear Plant Safety Risk, Stephen Hess, Alfonso M. Albano, John Gaertner Jan 2005

Analysis And Insights From A Dynamical Model Of Nuclear Plant Safety Risk, Stephen Hess, Alfonso M. Albano, John Gaertner

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

In this paper, we expand upon previously reported results of a dynamical systems model for the impact of plant processes and programmatic performance on nuclear plant safety risk. We utilize both analytical techniques and numerical simulations typical of the analysis of nonlinear dynamical systems to obtain insights important for effective risk management. This includes use of bifurcation diagrams to show that period doubling bifurcations and regions of chaotic dynamics can occur. We also investigate the impact of risk mitigating functions (equipment reliability and loss prevention) on plant safety risk and demonstrate that these functions are capable of improving risk to …

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Do Rural Land Markets Increase Inequality? Evidence From A Chinese Province, Qian Forrest Zhang Jan 2005

Do Rural Land Markets Increase Inequality? Evidence From A Chinese Province, Qian Forrest Zhang

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Using a 2001 provincial survey, we find that disparities in land-rights distribution have greatly increased in rural China, and the growth of land markets is directly responsible for that. The land markets tend to concentrate land in those who can more efficiently use it. This translates disparities in land-rights distribution to magnified inequality in farm income. However, such widening disparities caused by land markets have compensatory effects on overall rural inequality, as land markets tend to bring up families who would fall at the bottom of income distribution in the absence of such markets. Expansion of markets, in this case, …

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Human Mental Models Of Humanoid Robots, Sau-Lai Lee, Ivy Yee-Man Lau, Sara Kiesler, Chi-Yue Chiu Jan 2005

Human Mental Models Of Humanoid Robots, Sau-Lai Lee, Ivy Yee-Man Lau, Sara Kiesler, Chi-Yue Chiu

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Effective communication between a person and a robot may depend on whether there exists a common ground of understanding between the two. In two experiments modelled after human-human studies we examined how people form a mental model of a robot's factual knowledge. Participants estimated the robot's knowledge by extrapolating from their own knowledge and from information about the robot's origin and language. These results suggest that designers of humanoid robots must attend not only to the social cues that robots emit but also to the information people use to create mental models of a robot.

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An Analytical Framework Of Science Parks And Technology Districts With An Application To Singapore, Francis Koh, Winston T. H. Koh, Ted Feichin Tschang Jan 2005

An Analytical Framework Of Science Parks And Technology Districts With An Application To Singapore, Francis Koh, Winston T. H. Koh, Ted Feichin Tschang

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper analyzes the question: What does it take for science parks and technology districts to evolve and grow? We propose an analytical framework to examine the gestation, evolution, and sustainability of science parks and related but broader regional phenomena such as technology districts. The framework comprises three aspects of a science park's development: growth mechanisms, level of technological capabilities, and nature of its integration with national or global markets. The main growth mechanisms we identify are government-led infrastructure provision, agglomeration effects, and continual self-renewal through the creation of new businesses. We apply this framework to analyze Singapore's science park …

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Partnering For Perfection: An Economics Perspective On B2b Electronic Market Strategic Alliances, Qizhi Dai, Robert J. Kauffman Jan 2005

Partnering For Perfection: An Economics Perspective On B2b Electronic Market Strategic Alliances, Qizhi Dai, Robert J. Kauffman

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

New technological innovations have made it possible for new intermediaries to create value in business processes that involve the procurement of manufacturing and services supplies. Associated with these innovations is the emergence of business-to-business (B2B) electronic markets. These act as digital intermediaries that aim to reduce the transaction costs and mitigate the risks inherent in procurement. They improve buyers’ capabilities to search for attractive prices and also serve to increase the liquidity of sellers’ products. In this chapter, the authors explore the evolution of B2B e-market firms in terms of the strategies they employ to “perfect” their value propositions and …

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The Effects Of Shilling On Final Bid Prices In Online Auctions, Robert J. Kauffman, Charles A. Wood Jan 2005

The Effects Of Shilling On Final Bid Prices In Online Auctions, Robert J. Kauffman, Charles A. Wood

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

An increasing number of reports of online auction fraud are of growing concern to auction operators and participants. In this research, we discuss reserve price shilling, where a bidder shills in order to avoid paying auction house fees, rather than to drive up the price of the final bid. We examine the effect that premium bids have upon the final selling price, since they are linked with reserve price shill bids. We use 10,260 eBay auctions during April 2001, and identify 919 auctions involving 322 sellers and 1583 bidders involved in concurrent auctions for the exact same item. We find …

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Special Section: Human-Computer Interaction Research In Management Information Systems, Ping Zhang, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, Izak Benbasat Jan 2005

Special Section: Human-Computer Interaction Research In Management Information Systems, Ping Zhang, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah, Izak Benbasat

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

No abstract provided.

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A Multi-Agent Approach For Solving Optimization Problems Involving Expensive Resources, Hoong Chuin Lau, H. Wang Jan 2005

A Multi-Agent Approach For Solving Optimization Problems Involving Expensive Resources, Hoong Chuin Lau, H. Wang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, we propose a multi-agent approach for solving a class of optimization problems involving expensive resources, where monolithic local search schemes perform miserably. More specifically, we study the class of bin-packing problems. Under our proposed Fine-Grained Agent System scheme, rational agents work both collaboratively and selfishly based on local search and mimic physics-motivated systems. We apply our approach to a generalization of bin-packing - the Inventory Routing Problem with Time Windows - which is an important logistics problem, and demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our approach.

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Exploring Bit-Difference For Approximate Knn Search In High-Dimensional Databases, Bin Cui, Heng Tao Shen, Jialie Shen, Kian-Lee Tan Jan 2005

Exploring Bit-Difference For Approximate Knn Search In High-Dimensional Databases, Bin Cui, Heng Tao Shen, Jialie Shen, Kian-Lee Tan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, we develop a novel index structure to support effcient approximate k-nearest neighbor (KNN) query in high-dimensional databases. In high-dimensional spaces, the computational cost of the distance (e.g., Euclidean distance) between two points contributes a dominant portion of the overall query response time for memory processing. To reduce the distance computation, we first propose a structure (BID) using BIt-Difference to answer approximate KNN query. The BID employs one bit to represent each feature vector of point and the number of bit-difference is used to prune the further points. To facilitate real dataset which is typically skewed, we enhance …

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Applying Scenario-Based Design And Claim Analysis To The Design Of A Digital Library Of Geography Examination Resources, Yin-Leng Theng, Dion Hoe-Lian Goh, Ee Peng Lim, Zehua Liu, Ming Yin, Natalie Lee-San Pang, Patricia Bao-Bao Wong Jan 2005

Applying Scenario-Based Design And Claim Analysis To The Design Of A Digital Library Of Geography Examination Resources, Yin-Leng Theng, Dion Hoe-Lian Goh, Ee Peng Lim, Zehua Liu, Ming Yin, Natalie Lee-San Pang, Patricia Bao-Bao Wong

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper describes the application of Carroll’s scenario-based design and claims analysis as a means of refinement to the initial design of a digital library of geographical resources (GeogDL) to prepare Singapore students to take a national examination in geography. GeogDL is built on top of G-Portal, a digital library providing services over geospatial and georeferenced Web content. Beyond improving the initial design of GeogDL, a main contribution of the paper is making explicit the use of Carroll’s strong theory-based but undercapitalized scenario-based design and claims analysis that inspired recommendations for the refinement of GeogDL. The paper concludes with an …

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Security Of An Ill-Posed Operator Based Scheme For Image Authentication, Yongdong Wu, Robert H. Deng Jan 2005

Security Of An Ill-Posed Operator Based Scheme For Image Authentication, Yongdong Wu, Robert H. Deng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This letter analyzes the security of an image authentication scheme which exploits the instability of an ill-posed operator. Since the ill-posed operator produces only a limited number of authentic images regardless of the number of watermarks, an attacker can impersonate an image owner to generate authentic images at a high probability. Our experiments demonstrate that our attack is both practical and effective.

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Justilm: Few-Shot Justification Generation For Explainable Fact-Checking Of Real-World Claims, Fengzhu Zeng, Wei Gao Dec 2004

Justilm: Few-Shot Justification Generation For Explainable Fact-Checking Of Real-World Claims, Fengzhu Zeng, Wei Gao

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Justification is an explanation that supports the verdict assigned to a claim in fact-checking. However, the task of justification generation is previously oversimplified as summarization of fact-check article authored by professional checkers. In this work, we propose a realistic approach to generate justification based on retrieved evidence. We present a new benchmark dataset called ExClaim for Explainable Claim verification, and introduce JustiLM, a novel few-shot retrieval-augmented language model to learn justification generation by leveraging fact-check articles as auxiliary resource during training. Our results show that JustiLM outperforms in-context learning (ICL)-enabled LMs including Flan-T5 and Llama2, and the retrieval-augmented model Atlas …

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The Value Of Mobile Commerce To Customers, Keng Siau, H. Sheng, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah Dec 2004

The Value Of Mobile Commerce To Customers, Keng Siau, H. Sheng, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This research studies the values of m-commerce using a qualitative means-ends approach, called Value-Focused Thinking. The conceptual foundation for this research is the Work System Framework. By interviewing both current and potential m-commerce users, we captured the values of m-commerce and develop a means-ends objective network to illustrate the relationships among these values. As one of the first empirical research to assess the values of m-commerce, this research contributes to an increased understanding of mcommerce. The means-ends objective network also serves as a theoretical foundation for future research in mcommerce. For practitioners, our findings highlight the concerns and issues of …

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U-Commerce: Emerging Trends And Research Issues, H. Galanxhi-Janaqi, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah Dec 2004

U-Commerce: Emerging Trends And Research Issues, H. Galanxhi-Janaqi, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Ubiquitous commerce or u-commerce is the combination of traditional e-commerce and wireless, television, voice and silent commerce. U-commerce implies ubiquity, universality, uniqueness and unison. It is not a replacement for other types of commerce, but an extension of them. While bringing many benefits, there are challenges and impediments to overcome. Research is needed to assess the value of u-commerce and to address its related issues and challenges. Questions that need to be addressed are: What is the value of u-commerce? What are the ways to maximize the benefits and value of u-commerce? Is it the right technology and what directions …

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Values Of Mobile Commerce To Customers, Keng Siau, H. Sheng, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah Dec 2004

Values Of Mobile Commerce To Customers, Keng Siau, H. Sheng, Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This research studies the values of m-commerce using a qualitative means-ends approach, called Value-Focused Thinking. The conceptual foundation for this research is the Work System Framework. By interviewing both current and potential m-commerce users, we captured the values of m-commerce and develop a means-ends objective network to illustrate the relationships among these values. As one of the first empirical research to assess the values of m-commerce, this research contributes to an increased understanding of m-commerce. The means-ends objective network also serves as a theoretical foundation for future research in m-commerce. For practitioners, our findings highlight the concerns and issues of …

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Design Lessons On Access Features In Paper, Yin-Leng Theng, Dion Hoe-Lian Goh, Ming Yin, Eng-Kai Suen, Ee Peng Lim Dec 2004

Design Lessons On Access Features In Paper, Yin-Leng Theng, Dion Hoe-Lian Goh, Ming Yin, Eng-Kai Suen, Ee Peng Lim

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Using Nielsen's Heuristic Evaluation, this paper reports a user study with six usability-trained subjects to evaluate PAPER's access features in assisting users to retrieve information efficiently, part of an on-going design partnership with stakeholders and designers/developers. PAPER (Personalised Adaptive Pathways for Exam Resources) is an improved version evolving from an earlier implementation of GeogDL built upon G-Portal, a geospatial digital library infrastructure. After two initial evaluations with student and teacher design partners, PAPER has evolved into a system containing a new bundle of personalized, interactive services with four modules: mock exam; personal coach (practice and review); trend analysis and performance …

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High Performance P300 Speller For Brain-Computer Interface, Cuntai Guan, Manoj Thulasidas, Jiankang Wu Dec 2004

High Performance P300 Speller For Brain-Computer Interface, Cuntai Guan, Manoj Thulasidas, Jiankang Wu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

P300 speller is a communication tool with which one can input texts or commands to a computer by thought. The amplitude of the P300 evoked potential is inversely proportional to the probability of infrequent or task-related stimulus. In existing P300 spellers, rows and columns of a matrix are intensified successively and randomly, resulting in a stimulus frequency of 1/N (N is the number of rows or columns of the matrix). We propose a new paradigm to display each single character randomly and individually (therefore reducing the stimulus frequency to 1/(N*N)). On-line experiments showed that this new speller significantly improved the …

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Method For Identifying Individuals, Manoj Thulasidas Dec 2004

Method For Identifying Individuals, Manoj Thulasidas

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

A method and system for identifying a subject comprises obtaining a digitised recording of an electrocardiogram measurement of the subject to be identified, the digitised recording being a cyclic waveform having a peak amplitude. The digitised recording is normalised to reduce variations due to physiological effects, and the normalised recording is processed to determine a feature vector in the frequency domain. The distance between the determined feature vector and a predetermined feature vector is measured to identify the subject.

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