Digital Commons Network^™

The Effects Of Leader Member Exchange Differentiation On Task Performance And Organizational Citizenship Behaviors, Junhui Gan

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

This study delves into the intricate dynamics of Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) within working teams, with a specific focus on Leader-Member Exchange Differentiation (LMXD) and its subsequent impact on task performance and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors (OCB). Utilizing a comprehensive, multisource dataset comprising 394 employees across 120 store teams in three furnishing shopping malls in Zhejiang Province, China, this research employs a two-wave data collection methodology to examine the proposed theoretical model.

Contrary to prevailing assumptions in the LMX literature, this study reveals that LMXD does not significantly influence anticipated team conflict, nor does it exert indirect effects on task performance and …

Research On The Relationship Between Social Responsibility Fulfillment And Reputation Of Platform Enterprises, Hong Tao

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

In the rapidly evolving platform economy, platform enterprises have emerged as significant contributors to socio-economic development, integrating resources and optimizing service delivery through innovative business models. However, their rapid ascension has also spotlighted significant challenges, especially in fulfilling their social responsibilities (SR) and managing their reputations effectively. This doctoral thesis delves into the intricate relationship between the fulfillment of social responsibilities by platform enterprises and their subsequent reputation in the market. Through a comprehensive literature review, this study identifies a gap in understanding how platform enterprises’ approach to social responsibility impacts their reputation among stakeholders. Utilizing a mixed-method research design …

“Fly Buddha To Mars”: The Co-Production Between Religiosity And Science & Technology At Longquan Monastery, Beijing, Han Zhang, Junxi Qian, Lily Kong

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

This article attempts at a re-theorization towards the symbiosis and co-production of religion, modern science and technology, inspired by theoretical thinking within geographies of religion and science and technology studies (STS). Recent scholarship on the geographies of religion has made substantive advancements in discerning the convergence of religion and secular modernity. However, science and technology (S&T), as an essential condition and driving force of secular modernity, remain peripheral to this ongoing theoretical agenda, yet to be fully incorporated into the analytical framework about the co-constitution of religion and secular modernity, arguably because of the entrench divide between the rationalism of …

The Effect Of Mere Presence Of Smartphone On Cognitive Functions: A Four-Level Meta-Analysis, Andree Hartanto, Verity Y. Q. Lua, K. T. A. Sandeeshwara Kasturiratna, Paye Shin Koh, Germaine Y. Q. Tng, Manmeet Kaur, Frosch Y. X. Quek, Jonathan L. Chia, Nadyanna M. Majeed

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

As smartphones have become portable and immersive devices that afford social, informational, and recreational conveniences unbounded by physical restrictions, most daily activities have become closely intertwined with the presence of smartphones. This constant presence of smartphones in daily activities, however, may be concerning as some studies have suggested that smartphones—even their mere presence—can be distracting and can impair cognitive outcomes. However, such findings have not been consistently observed. To reconcile mixed findings, the current meta-analysis synthesized 166 effect sizes drawn from 53 samples and 33 studies including 4,368 participants on the effect of mere presence of smartphone on cognitive functions. …

A Causal Discovery Exploration Of Determinants Of Social Isolation, Barry Nuqoba, Kenneth Choo, Yi Wen Tan, William Tov

ROSA Research Briefs

In this report, we explore the potential causes of social isolation among older adults in Singapore using causal discovery. We found an inferred causal relationship between perceived helpfulness and social isolation, where older adults who perceived themselves as helpful were less likely to perceive themselves as socially isolated. Our study also found that perceived isolation and loneliness may be distinct concepts among older adults in Singapore, with loneliness being more likely to precede social isolation. Policy recommendations include promoting a sense of helpfulness through programs such as volunteering to reduce social isolation.

Optimal Nonparametric Range-Based Volatility Estimation, Tim Bollerslev, Jia Li, Qiyuan Li

Research Collection School Of Economics

We present a general framework for optimal nonparametric spot volatility estimation based on intraday range data, comprised of the first, highest, lowest, and last price over a given time-interval. We rely on a decision-theoretic approach together with a coupling-type argument to directly tailor the form of the nonparametric estimator to the specific volatility measure of interest and relevant loss function. The resulting new optimal estimators offer substantial efficiency gains compared to existing commonly used range-based procedures.

High-Dimensional Iv Cointegration Estimation And Inference, Peter C. B. Phillips, Igor L. Kheifets

Research Collection School Of Economics

A semiparametric triangular systems approach shows how multicointegrating linkages occur naturally in an I(1) cointegrated regression model when the long run error variance matrix in the system is singular. Under such singularity, cointegrated I(1) systems embody a multicointegrated structure that makes them useful in many empirical settings. Earlier work shows that such systems may be analyzed and estimated without appealing to the associated I(2) system but with suboptimal convergence rates and potential asymptotic bias. The present paper develops a robust approach to estimation and inference of such systems using high dimensional IV methods that have appealing asymptotic properties like those …

Investor Reaction To Spacs' Voluntary Disclosures, Vincent Castellani, Karl A. Muller, K.J. Park

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

SPACs are formed to combine with and provide a private firm public trading status and a capital infusion. Firms that enter the public market through a SPAC combination are believed to possess greater voluntary disclosure discretion than traditional IPOs as they obtain their public trading status through a merger. Consistent with regulators’ concerns, recent research finds that SPACs use this discretion opportunistically by issuing optimistic guidance. This study examines how investors respond to these disclosures. We find that optimistic projections increase retail purchasing, which is higher than that of institutional purchasing. Additionally, we find that investors partially see through the …

Stuck At Home: Does The Virtual Office Stifle Creativity?, Andrew Heng, Roy Y. J. Chua

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Remote work boosts flexibility but may stifle creativity. In her office one day last summer, Charlotte Christ, a 27-year-old marketing executive with the German office of one of the world’s leading automotive suppliers, did something she doesn’t think she could really do at home even though she often works there. At the office, she fell into a random conversation with a colleague, and together they came up with new ideas for her marketing campaign on how to offer incentives to the company’s target audiences, truck drivers.

Towards Explainable Neural Network Fairness, Mengdi Zhang

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

Neural networks are widely applied in solving many real-world problems. At the same time, they are shown to be vulnerable to attacks, difficult to debug, non-transparent and subject to fairness issues. Discrimination has been observed in various machine learning models, including Large Language Models (LLMs), which calls for systematic fairness evaluation (i.e., testing, verification or even certification) before their deployment in ethic-relevant domains. If a model is found to be discriminating, we must apply systematic measure to improve its fairness. In the literature, multiple categories of fairness improving methods have been discussed, including pre-processing, in-processing and post-processing.
In this dissertation, …

The Effect Of Mandatory Esg Disclosure On Firms’ Going-Private Decisions, Ying-Chi Huang

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

This study examines whether mandatory ESG disclosure encourages publicly traded firms to go private due to an increase in proprietary costs. I find that firms affected by the European Union’s Non-Financial Reporting Directive 2014/95/EU are more likely to go private after the passage of the directive. The results of the cross-sectional tests suggest that the driver of the decision to go private is the increase in proprietary costs. The main results are more pronounced for firms with fewer peers who voluntarily disclose ESG information, those operating in industries with a higher rate of new entrants, those with higher R&D expenditures, …

Research On The Industrial Chain Network-Driven Innovation Model Of China's Audio-Visual Industry Park, Yang Chen

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

This dissertation explores the model through which Chinese audio-visual industry parks drive innovation leveraging industrial chain networks, with Xing Guang Movie and Television Park as the core case study. It also integrates analyses of several other representative Chinese audio-visual industry parks. Based on these case analyses, it identifies critical elements essential for successful innovation within audio-visual industry parks driven by industrial chain networks, thereby providing a realistic foundation for the theoretical framework of the thesis.

Drawing on innovation theory, network theory, industrial chain network theory, and collaborative capability theory, this study abstracts the model driving innovation through industrial chain networks …

Essays On Foreign Trade Zones, Xincheng Huang

Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)

In 1934, in the midst of the Great Depression, the US Congress enacted the Foreign Trade Zones (FTZs) Act, and all states have at least one zone. FTZ play a significant role of sourcing foreign products, constituting about 12% of all imports entering the US and over 28% of total taxable goods during the US-China Trade War. As of 2021, there were 258 approved FTZs and roughly 85% of the outputs are domestically consumed. The US government set three main objectives of FTZs, including facilitating international trade, fostering domestic economic activities, and attracting foreign investments. This thesis firstly quantitatively measures …

A Conditional Linear Combination Test With Many Weak Instruments, Dennis Lim, Wenjie Wang, Yichong Zhang

Research Collection School Of Economics

We consider a linear combination of jackknife Anderson-Rubin (AR) and orthogonalized Lagrangian multiplier (LM) tests for inference in IV regressions with many weak instruments and heteroskedasticity. We choose the weight in the linear combination based on a decision-theoretic rule that is adaptive to the identification strength. Under both weak and strong identifications, the proposed linear combination test controls asymptotic size and is admissible. Under strong identification, we further show that our linear combination test is the uniformly most powerful test against local alternatives among all tests that are constructed based on the jackknife AR and LM tests only and invariant …

Lifetime Adversity Predicts Depression, Anxiety, And Cognitive Impairment In A Nationally Representative Sample Of Older Adults In The United States, Sangnam Ahn, Seonghoon Kim, Hongmei Zhang, Aram Dobalian, George Slavich

Research Collection School Of Economics

Objective: Although life stress and adversity have emerged as risk factors for mental health problems and cognitive impairment among older adults, prior studies on this topic have been cross-sectional and based on relatively homogeneous samples. To address these issues, we examined prospective associations between lifetime adversity and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and cognitive impairment in a nationally representative, longitudinal sample of older adults in the U.S. Method: We analyzed data from the Health and Retirement Study (1992-2016). The sample included 3,496 individuals (59.9% female), aged ≥64 years old (M age=76.0 ±7.6 years). We used the individual-level panel data and ordinary …

On The Optimal Forecast With The Fractional Brownian Motion, Xiaohu Wang, Jun Yu, Chen Zhang

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper investigates the performance of different forecasting formulas with fractional Brownian motion based on discrete and finite samples. Existing literature presents two formulas for generating optimal forecasts when continuous records are available. One formula relies on a history over an infinite past, while the other is designed for a record limited to a finite past. In reality, only observations at discrete time points over a finite past are available. In this case, the forecasting formula, which has been widely used in the literature, is the one obtained by Gatheral et al. (2018) that truncates and discretizes the formula based …

The Geoeconomics Of Belt And Road Disputes: A Case Study On The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, Mark Mclaughlin

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This article argues that the dovetailing economic, geopolitical, and security interests that underpin the Belt and Road Initiative demands a dispute resolution mechanism that focuses on broader interests and legal rights. Using the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) as a case study, it identifies the conditions in which Chinese investors could have initiated an investment arbitration but did not. This can be explained by the rights-based orientation of investment treaties failing to reflect the interests of multi-project initiatives. Instead, alternative methods of home state intervention, such as state-funded political risk insurance, are used to protect investors. In other words, the political …

Geographies Of Storage, Sayd Randle

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

Resource storage has long played a key role in the production of socio-ecological arrangements and economic relations. Even so, storage as a concept has remained somewhat marginal within geographical scholarship, often obscured by an analytical focus on the dynamics of movement. Reviewing recent works from geography, science and technology studies, and anthropology that center sites and practices of storage, this essay elaborates the diverse ways in which storage arrangements mediate resource circulation and the production of space. This literature demonstrates that thinking systematically with storage can illuminate a range of novel temporal, material, and value entanglements in-the-making, pointing to potentially …

Deploying Chatbots To Build Students' Critical Thinking Skills: Leveraging Generative Ai Effectively And Purposefully In Higher Education, Sun Sun Lim, Tamas Makany

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

No abstract provided.

Rethinking The Inclusionary Potential Of Religious Institutions: The Case Of Gurdwaras In Singapore, Siew Ying Shee, Orlando Woods

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

Whilst Singapore’s Sikh community is relatively small, it is also heterogeneous. Its diversity reflects differences in ancestral and socio-economic backgrounds. As spaces of worship that regularly bring together the Sikh community in space and time, Sikh temples—gurdwaras––are often conceived as important places through which a shared sense of religiously-defined community is reproduced. Yet, as much as religion can provide a bridge that integrates people of different ethnic, racial, national, and linguistic groups into a single faith community, so too can it act as a buttress through which differences and divisions are enforced within the community. We argue that whilst gurdwaras …

Trust: The Feature That Vending Machines And Atms Share, But Simplygo Lacks, Sun Sun Lim

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

The article discussed the intricacies of trust in the SimplyGo debacle and highlighted how the design of physical interfaces like vending machines and ATMs and digital interfaces from apps like Grab, Parking.sg and ShopBack have critical features to instil trust. People need to be reassured that their transactions have proceeded as they should, and thay have not been short-changed.

Reducing Urban Overheating Risks Through Climate-Resilient Development In The Warming Tropics, Winston T. L. Chow

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

More frequent heat extremes, combined with rapidly developing settlements in the tropics, result in complex climate-driven risks emerging in cities within these regions. Urban policymakers can successfully manage these urban heat risks via climate resilient development, in which sustainability is aligned with current climate adaptation and mitigation goals.

Social Media And Performative Parenting, Sun Sun Lim, Yang Wang

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

With the intensifying use of social media in many realms of everyday life, even parenting is manifesting a public dimension. Whereas one might regard parenting as a private activity undertaken within the home, the use of social media to highlight the joys and trials of child-rearing has put parenting under the digital spotlight. Parents are keen to showcase their children’s growth and development to family and friends. Significant achievements invite praise and social endorsement, as well as commendations for excellent parenting. The sharing of parenting struggles over social media can also elicit expressions of commiseration, sympathy and support. The ensuing …

Opening The Black Box Of Fitness Tracking: Understanding The Mechanisms Of Feedback In Motivating Physical Activity Among Older Singaporeans, Sapphire H. Lin, Rich Ling, Sonny Rosenthal

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

This paper examines how older adults interact with fitness trackers and how that interaction influences their physical activity. We carried out qualitative interviews with 22 individuals between the ages of 55 and 72 who had used fitness trackers as part of a six-week field experiment investigating the effects of feedback from fitness trackers and the social influence of their spouses. From their comments, we derived an explorative process model explaining the mechanisms and the four stages of effects arising from personalised feedback, namely, cognitive, affective, conative, and intuitive. These effects were grouped into internal and external dimensions. Three types of …

Disasters And History: The Vulnerability And Resilience Of Past Societies By Bas Van Bavel, Et Al, Fiona Williamson

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

Disaster history is an emerging field that offers tantalizing possibilities for disaster studies broadly conceived. Like many subdisciplines of history, such as environmental history, the focus on disaster as a subject of historical inquiry grew out of contemporary real-world concerns, specifically the rise of interest from sociologists, geographers, and developmental studies experts in understanding the relationship of natural hazards with socioeconomic development and rebuilding out of disaster in the Cold War. Enter the age of the Anthropocene—many of these concerns have coalesced around the possibility of new and more frequent climate change–induced hazards. Under such conditions, the authors of this …

Multiethnic Elites And The Management Of Tropical Heat In Colonial Malaya, Circa 1870s-1930s, Claire Lowrie, Nicole Tarulevicz, Fiona Williamson, Charmaine H. Lam

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

This article considers the responses of multiethnic urban elites to living with tropical heat in colonial Malaya by analysing attitudes towards the meteorological study of temperature, commercial cold storage and hill stations. A transcolonial and transimperial approach is used to illustrate that interest in managing and monitoring temperature was slower to develop in Malaya compared with other tropical colonies. The article also considers how access to methods of ameliorating heat was shaped by colonial hierarchies based on ideas of race and class.

Special Issues In Support Of Evidence-Based Policy Making In Sustainable Banking And Finance, Lucia Alessi, Theodor Florian Cojoianu, Declan French, Andreas G. F. Hoepner

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

BackgroundIn December 2015, 195 countries around the world signed the Paris Agreement and pledged to work towards limiting global greenhouse gas emissions in order to limit the average global temperature increase to 1.5 °C above preindustrial levels. From a scientific perspective, the stabilisation of global warming under any target requires the achievement of a net-zero emissions economy (Matthews & Caldeira, 2008). In support of global investors looking to provide capital towards green solutions andSustainability disclosures – a means to what end?A significant body of literature has suggested that many of the voluntary sustainability disclosures of companies come from the need …

Experimental Evaluation Of Thermal Adaptation And Transient Thermal Comfort In A Tropical Mixed-Mode Ventilation Context, Yue Lei, Duygu Zeynep Tekler, Sicheng Zhan, Clayton Miller, Adrian Chong

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

Mixed-mode ventilation offers a promising solution for achieving comfortable indoor environments in an energy-efficient manner. However, in the tropics, characterized by a year-round hot and humid climate, opportunities for natural ventilation (NV) are typically limited to specific hours, necessitating operational mode switches on an intraday basis. Much of the thermal comfort research on mixed-mode ventilation relies either on cross-sectional data collected from different subjects or longitudinal data spanning a few seasons. This raises an open question: Can occupants thermally adapt when switching between NV and air-conditioning (AC) modes within a single day? To address the gap, our experimental study engaged …

Filling Time-Series Gaps Using Image Techniques: Multidimensional Context Autoencoder Approach For Building Energy Data Imputation, Chun Fu, Matias Quintana, Zoltan Nagy, Clayton Miller

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

Building energy prediction and management has become increasingly important in recent decades, driven by the growth of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and the availability of more energy data. However, energy data is often collected from multiple sources and can be incomplete or inconsistent, which can hinder accurate predictions and management of energy systems and limit the usefulness of the data for decision-making and research. To address this issue, past studies have focused on imputing missing gaps in energy data, including random and continuous gaps. One of the main challenges in this area is the lack of validation on a …

Privobfnet: A Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation Model For Data Protection, Chiat Pin Tay, Vigneshwaran Subbaraju, Thivya Kandappu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The use of social media has made it easy to communicate and share information over the internet. However, it also brings issues such as data privacy leakage, which can be exploited by recipients with malicious intentions to harm the sender. In this paper, we propose a deep neural network that analyzes user’s image for privacy sensitive content and automatically locates sensitive regions for obfuscation. Our approach relies solely on image level annotations and learns to (a) predict an overall privacy score, (b) detect sensitive attributes and (c) demarcate the sensitive regions for obfuscation, in a given input image. We validated …