Digital Commons Network^™

The Politics Of Wto Enforcement Mechanism, Pao-Li Chang

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper attempts to develop a formal economic framework to analyze the influences of domestic political considerations by democratic governments in shaping the WTO enforcement outcomes in the wake of a violation ruling against the defendant. Since a different mix of import and export sectors in the defendant and complainant country will benefit from the various potential enforcement outcomes, they become competing forces which steer the strategic interactions between the disputing governments. The results of the paper illustrate the complainant’s strategy in selecting the retaliation list, and the likelihood of the defendant’s compliance or compensation in response to the proposed …

Forecasting The Global Electronics Cycle With Leading Indicators: A Var Approach, Hwee Kwan Chow, Keen Meng Choy

Research Collection School Of Economics

Developments in the global electronics industry are typically monitored by tracking indicators that span a whole spectrum of activities in the sector. However, these indicators invariably give mixed signals at each point in time, thereby hampering attempts at prediction. In this paper, we propose a unified framework for forecasting the global electronics cycle by constructing a VAR model that captures the economic interactions between putative leading indicators representing expectations, orders, inventories and prices. The ability of the indicators to presage world semiconductor sales is first examined by Granger causality tests. Subsequently, an impulse response analysis confirms the leading qualities of …

A Small-Sample Overlapping Variance-Ratio Test, Yiu Kuen Tse, K. W. Ng, Xibin Zhang

Research Collection School Of Economics

The null distribution of the overlapping variance-ratio (OVR) test of the random-walk hypothesis is known to be downward biased and skewed to the right in small samples. As shown by , the test under-rejects the null on the left tail seriously when the sample size is small. This property adversely affects the applicability of the OVR test to macroeconomic time series, which usually have rather small samples. In this paper, we propose a modified overlapping variance-ratio statistic and derive its exact mean under the normality assumption. We propose to approximate the small-sample distribution of the modified statistic using a beta …

Deviance Information Criterion For Comparing Stochastic Volatility Models, Andreas Berg, Renate Meyer, Jun Yu

Research Collection School Of Economics

Bayesian methods have been efficient in estimating parameters of stochastic volatility models for analyzing financial time series. Recent advances made it possible to fit stochastic volatility models of increasing complexity, including covariates, leverage effects, jump components, and heavy-tailed distributions. However, a formal model comparison via Bayes factors remains difficult. The main objective of this article is to demonstrate that model selection is more easily performed using the deviance information criterion (DIC). It combines a Bayesian measure of fit with a measure of model complexity. We illustrate the performance of DIC in discriminating between various different stochastic volatility models using simulated …

Empirical Characteristic Function Estimation And Its Applications, Jun Yu

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper reviews the method of model-fitting via the empirical characteristic function. The advantage of using this procedure is that one can avoid difficulties inherent in calculating or maximizing the likelihood function. Thus it is a desirable estimation method when the maximum likelihood approach encounters difficulties but the characteristic function has a tractable expression. The basic idea of the empirical characteristic function method is to match the characteristic function derived from the model and the empirical characteristic function obtained from data. Ideas are illustrated by using the methodology to estimate a diffusion model that includes a self-exciting jump component. A …

Selection Correction And Sensitivity Analysis For Ordered Treatment Effect On Count Response, Myoung-Jae Lee

Research Collection School Of Economics

In estimating the effect of an ordered treatment [tau] on a count response y with an observational data where [tau] is self-selected (not randomized), observed variables x and unobserved variables [epsilon] can be unbalanced across the control group ([tau] = 0) and the treatment groups ([tau] = 1, . . . , J). While the imbalance in x causes 'overt bias' which can be removed by controlling for x, the imbalance in [epsilon] causes 'covert (hidden or selection) bias' which cannot be easily removed. This paper makes three contributions. First, a proper counter-factual causal framework for ordered treatment effect on …

Market Segmentation And Information Values Of Earnings Announcements: Some Empirical Evidence From An Event Study On The Chinese Stock Market, Y. Gao, Yiu Kuen Tse

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper investigates the trading activities of two distinct classes of shareholders, namely, the Chinese domestic investors and the foreign investors in the segmented Chinese A- and B-share markets, respectively. We conduct an event study on the annual earnings announcements based on two different accounting standards: International accounting standards (IAS) and PRC generally accepted accounting principles (PRC GAAP). The earnings announcements based on IAS and PRC GAAP are value relevant. The investors in the B-share market react to both the IAS and PRC GAAP earnings announcements, while the investors in the A-share market pay more attention to the PRC GAAP …

Qos Routing Optimization Strategy Using Genetic Algorithm In Optical Fiber Communication Networks, Zhaoxia Wang, Zengqiang Chen, Zhuzhi Yuan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper describes the routing problems in optical fiber networks, defines five constraints, induces and simplifies the evaluation function and fitness function, and proposes a routing approach based on the genetic algorithm, which includes an operator [OMO] to solve the QoS routing problem in optical fiber communication networks. The simulation results show that the proposed routing method by using this optimal maintain operator genetic algorithm (OMOGA) is superior to the common genetic algorithms (CGA). It not only is robust and efficient but also converges quickly and can be carried out simply, that makes it better than other complicated GA.

Analysis Of A Yield Management Model For On Demand Computing Centers, Yezekael Hayel, Laura Wynter, Parijat Dube

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The concept of yield management for IT infrastructures, and in particular for on demand IT utilities was recently introduced in [17]. The present paper provides a detailed analysis of that model, both in simplified cases where an analytical analysis is possible, and numerically on larger problem instances, and confirms the significant revenue benefit that can accrue through use of yield management in an IT on demand operating environment.

Strikes Through The Prism Of Duties: Is There A Fundamental Duty To Strike Under The Indian Constitution?, Shubhankar Dam

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Much of the debates on the legality of strikes under the Indian Constitution has been on the issue of a right to strike. This paper argues that the constitutionality of strikes may be analysed through the prism of duties, i.e. fundamental duties under Part IVA of the Constitution. Strikes were an integral part of the ideals that inspired India's national struggle against imperialism. And, in this sense, when article 51A exhorts Indians to cherish and follow the noble ideals that inspired our freedom struggle, it includes a fundamental duty to strike. Invoking the philosophy of Mahatma Gandhi, the paper argues …

Peoples Union For Civil Liberties V Union Of India: Is Indian Democracy Dependent On A Statute?, Shubhankar Dam

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

What is the status of a right to vote in the Indian legal system? Is the right a constitutional/fundamental right? Or is it simply a statutory right? Contrary to the decisions of the Supreme Court in the last five decades, this paper argues that the right to vote is a constitutional right: its textual foundation may be located in Article 326. And, in this sense, the Supreme Court has erred in construing the right to vote as a statutory right under the Representation of Peoples Act, 1951. Interpreting the right to vote as a statutory right has larger implications for …

Absorptive Capacity And Entrepreneurship, Shaker A. Zahra, Gerard George

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

No abstract provided.

Exporting Expertise And Extending Economic Boundaries: Extrapolations From The Singapore Experience In Bangalore, India, Siang Yeung Wong, Priyam Saraf, Caroline Yeoh

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

No abstract provided.

From Dramaturgy To Theatre As Technology: The Case Of Corporate Theatre, Timothy Adrian Robert Clark, Iain Mangham

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This article examines a piece of corporate theatre. Although theatre has entered organization studies through the dramatistic writing of Kenneth Burke and the dramaturgical writings of Erving Goffman, this article is concerned with an approach variously described as organizational, radical, situation or corporate theatre that treats theatre not primarily as a resource, an ontology or a metaphor but as a technology. This approach involves the deployment by an organization of dramatists, actors, directors, set designers, lighting specialists, and musicians to put on performances in front of audiences. Using frameworks derived from studies of theatre a particular piece of corporate theatre …

Are Family-Friendly Policies Fair? It Depends On Your Gender, Elizabeth Layne Paddock, J. Bagger, B. A. Gutek

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

No abstract provided.

Notes From An ‘Intelligent Island’: Towards Strategic Knowledge Management In Singapore’S Small Business Sector, Thomas Menkhoff, Yue Wah Chay, Benjamin Loh

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This essay outlines some of the benefits and challenges of implementing strategic knowledge management systems in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with reference to respective initiatives in the Republic of Singapore. The article addresses following research questions: What is knowledge management (KM) and why has it become an issue? How can SMEs benefit from strategic KM? What are the potential pitfalls of KM applications in small firms? What are the strategic imperatives of using KM in SMEs? Do small and large firms require different KM systems? What are the critical success factors which have to be considered during implementation? How …

Restitution For Mistaken Gifts, Hang Wu Tang

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This paper investigates when a donor is entitled to restitution for an executed inter vivos gift made pursuant to a mistake. The causal mistake approach adopted by some leading works is considered, critiqued and rejected as a framework to analyse mistaken gifts. The central thesis of this paper is that a gift is an important transaction which engenders social bonds such as love, affection, intimacy, friendship, trust and gratitude, and these bonds influence the parties’ future conduct in the social sphere. This process has been termed as creating a moral economy. Therefore, just as it is important to protect the …

Challenges To Academic Marketing: Toward The Next Decade, David B. Montgomery

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

At the turn of the century and millennium, the Marketing Science Institute and the American Marketing Association undertook in a conference and a special issue of the Journal of Marketing to examine what were seen as fundamental issues and directions for marketing in the dawning millennium. A series of competitively commissioned papers addressed such questions as: How do customers and consumers really behave? How do markets function and evolve? How do firms relate to their markets? And what are the contributions of marketing to organizational performance and societal welfare? These questions were thought to best satisfy the criteria of differentiation, …

Book-Length Scholarly Essays As A Hybrid Genre In Science, Susheela Abraham Varghese, Sunita Anne Abraham

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Drawing on existing work on popularizations, this investigation of book-length scholarly essays by practicing scientists across three disciplines reveals a hybrid genre that is neither popularization nor research report. The study utilizes both textual analysis and personal commentary from the writer-researchers to achieve a three-way comparison between the popularization, research article, and the book-length scholarly essay that clarifies how these essays contribute to the authors’ academic agendas. Writing for both a general audience and a jury of their peers, these academics employ an argumentative generic structure. Such argumentation develops a rhetoric of rational inquiry, where understanding how answers to perplexing …

Prisons As Progressive Punishment? The State Of Corrective Services, Mark Findlay

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

In the early days of his third term as Premier of New South Wales, Bob Carr challenged his government to move away from current law and order politics and to come up with a more progressive approach to punishment. Central to this would be a reconsideration of the place of the prison in criminal justice. Prisons, by their nature and the communities they house, suffer more acutely from the factors of social exclusion that characterise the underprivileged sectors of Australian society. Without the exacerbation of a custodial experience, these characteristics alone militate against the successful reintegration of prisoners back into …

Emotional Intelligence And Negotiation: The Tension Between Creating And Claiming Value, Maw Der Foo, Hillary Anger Elfenbein, Hwee Hoon Tan, Voon Chuan Aik

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

As a departure from past research on emotional intelligence (EI), which generally examines the influence of an individual's level of EI on that individual's consequences, we examined relationships between the emotional intelligence (EI) of both members of dyads involved in a negotiation in order to explain objective and subjective outcomes. As expected, individuals high in EI reported a more positive experience. However, surprisingly, such individuals also achieved significantly lower objective scores than their counterparts. By contrast, having a partner high in El predicted greater objective gain, and a more positive negotiating experience. Thus, high EI individuals appeared to benefit in …

Price Rounding And Bid-Ask Spreads Before And After The Decimalization, Yan He, Chunchi Wu

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We investigate price rounding before and after the pilot decimalization on the NYSE. We find that although rounding exists in transaction, bid, and ask prices in both the pre- and postdecimalization periods, it becomes less salient after the decimalization. The cross-sectional relationship between rounding and trading variables is similar before and after the decimalization, and so is the relationship between execution costs and rounding when trading variables are held constant. More importantly, the quoted and effective bid–ask spreads decrease after decimal trading, and this decrease can be ascribed to the decrease in rounding frequency after controlling for the changes in …

Parameter Selection In Genetic Algorithms, Onur Boyabatli, Ihsan Sabuncuoglu

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

In this study, we provide a new taxonomy of parameters of genetic algorithms (GA), structural and numerical parameters, and analyze the effect of numerical parameters on the performance of GA based simulation optimization applications with experimental design techniques. Appropriate levels of each parameter are proposed for a particular problem domain. Controversial to existing literature on GA, our computational results reveal that in the case of a dominant set of decision variable the crossover operator does not have a significant impact on the performance measures, whereas high mutation rates are more suitable for GA applications.

The Great Divide: Considering Section 157a Of The Singapore Companies Act, Pearlie Koh

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

The manner in which the powers of a company are carved out to be exercised by either the general meeting of shareholders or its board of directors is often a matter of interpretation of the constitution of the company. This approach retains a fair amount of flexibility in the differing models of power allocation that may be adopted by incorporators, but once carved out, the power allocation usually remains sacrosanct until such time as the constitution is validly altered. This was the position in Singapore before 2003. In 2003, the Companies Act of Singapore was amended to include s 157A, …

I Love Smu: Heart, Life, Passion, Soul [Advertisment], Singapore Management University

SMU Press Releases and News

Celebrating the unconventional, the intriguing, the undaunted. Experience the SMU spirit. Heart: Jenny Foo; Life: Tan Chee Wee; Life: Joven Lai; Soul: Jeremy Nguee; Passion: Richard Ho, Johny Tay.

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Design And Analysis Of Cylindrical Antiresonant Reflecting Optical Waveguide, Chyng Wen Tee, S. F. Yu

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

A field-transfer matrix method is developed to analyze the modal characteristics of cylindrical multilayered waveguides with axis-symmetric geometry. A new design rule for cylindrical antiresonant reflecting optical waveguides (ARROWs), based on a three-step design process, is also proposed to minimize the radiation loss of the fundamental leaky mode. In addition, a simple approach is suggested to estimate the optimum core diameter of the cylindrical ARROWs for optimum radiation loss and radiation loss margin. Hence, it can be shown that an extra high index cladding layer is good enough to reduce the radiation loss as well as to maintain a reasonably …

An Investigation Of Consumer Online Trust And Purchase-Repurchase Intentions, Dan J. Kim, Donald Ferrin, Raghav Rao

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

There is little research on trust and satisfaction in the electronic commerce from a longitudinal (pre- and postpurchase) perspective. Based on previous frameworks and theories, this study developed a combined model of consumer trust and satisfaction in the context of Internet shopping. From the valance framework and expectation-confirmation theory, several prepurchase and post-purchase factors such as risk, benefit, consumer trust, expectation, confirmation, and satisfaction are investigated as research variables affecting consumer repurchase intention.

The results of the study show that trust is the strongest predictor of the consumer’s purchase intention. In addition, as in traditional consumer satisfaction studies, it holds …

The Demand And Supply-Side Impact Of The Kimberly-Clark, Scott Paper Products Merger In The Facial Tissues Category, Andre Bonfrer, Jagmohan S. Raju

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We investigate how market behavior changed in the facial tissues category, following the 1995/1996 Kimberly-Clark merger with Scott Paper Products in the paper products industry. The facial tissues category is of interest because the US Department of Justice (DOJ), anticipating reduced competition after the merger, imposed a consent decree, requiring that Scotts’ facial tissues brands be licensed out to a third party. We utilize a two-stage budgeting demand system developed by Deaton and Muellbauer (1980a), coupled with general form supply-side first order conditions to compare demand and competitive behavior before and after the merger. Our findings indicate that the merger …

Kill A Brand, Keep A Customer, Nirmalya Kumar

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Kill a Brand, Keep a CustomerMost brands don't make much money. Year after year, businesses generate 80% to 90% of their profits from less than 20% of their brands. Yet most companies tend to ignore loss-making brands, unaware of the hidden costs they incur.That's because executives believe it's easy to erase a brand; they have only to stop investing in it, they assume, and it will die a natural death. But they're wrong. When companies drop brands clumsily, they antagonize loyal customers: Research shows that seven times out of eight, when firms merge two brands, the market share of the …

Paper For An Educational Digital Library, Dion Hoe-Lian Goh, Yin-Leng Theng, Ming Yin, Ee Peng Lim

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

GeogDL is a digital library of geography examination resources designed to assist students in revising for a national geography examination in Singapore. As part of an iterative design process, we carried out participatory design and brainstorming with student and teacher design partners. The first study involved prospective student design partners. In response to the first study, we describe in this paper an implementation of PAPER – Personalised Adaptive Pathways for Exam Resources – a new bundle of personalized, interactive services containing a mock exam and a personal coach. The mock exam provides a simulation of the actual geography examination while …