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Giving Voice To The Religious, Seow Hon Tan Oct 2007

Giving Voice To The Religious, Seow Hon Tan

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

The relevance of moral values endorsed by religious persons in public decision-making has often been debated. The issue comes to the fore again in relation to the debate on Section 377A of the Penal Code dealing with acts of gross indecency between males. With the flourishing of diverse viewpoints that is a natural consequence of a liberal democratic society, and with greater participation by an increasingly sophisticated citizenry online and in the media, particularly in a nation in which those without religious affiliations make up only 15 per cent of the population, the ground rules of public discourse must be …

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Om-Based Video Shot Retrieval By One-To-One Matching, Yuxin Peng, Chong-Wah Ngo, Jianguo Xiao Oct 2007

Om-Based Video Shot Retrieval By One-To-One Matching, Yuxin Peng, Chong-Wah Ngo, Jianguo Xiao

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper proposes a new approach for shot-based retrieval by optimal matching (OM), which provides an effective mechanism for the similarity measure and ranking of shots by one-to-one matching. In the proposed approach, a weighted bipartite graph is constructed to model the color similarity between two shots. Then OM based on Kuhn-Munkres algorithm is employed to compute the maximum weight of a constructed bipartite graph as the shot similarity value by one-to-one matching among frames. To improve the speed efficiency of OM, two improved algorithms are also proposed: bipartite graph construction based on subshots and bipartite graph construction based on …

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Gapprox: Mining Frequent Approximate Patterns From A Massive Network, Chen Chen, Xifeng Yan, Feida Zhu, Jiawei Han Oct 2007

Gapprox: Mining Frequent Approximate Patterns From A Massive Network, Chen Chen, Xifeng Yan, Feida Zhu, Jiawei Han

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Recently, there arise a large number of graphs with massive sizes and complex structures in many new applications, such as biological networks, social networks, and the Web, demanding powerful data mining methods. Due to inherent noise or data diversity, it is crucial to address the issue of approximation, if one wants to mine patterns that are potentially interesting with tolerable variations. In this paper, we investigate the problem of mining frequent approximate patterns from a massive network and propose a method called gApprox. gApprox not only finds approximate network patterns, which is the key for many knowledge discovery applications on …

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Efficient Discovery Of Frequent Approximate Sequential Patterns, Feida Zhu, Xifeng Yan, Jiawei Han, Philip S. Yu Oct 2007

Efficient Discovery Of Frequent Approximate Sequential Patterns, Feida Zhu, Xifeng Yan, Jiawei Han, Philip S. Yu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We propose an efficient algorithm for mining frequent approximate sequential patterns under the Hamming distance model. Our algorithm gains its efficiency by adopting a "break-down-and-build-up" methodology. The "breakdown" is based on the observation that all occurrences of a frequent pattern can be classified into groups, which we call strands. We developed efficient algorithms to quickly mine out all strands by iterative growth. In the "build-up" stage, these strands are grouped up to form the support sets from which all approximate patterns would be identified. A salient feature of our algorithm is its ability to grow the frequent patterns by iteratively …

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Mining Modal Scenarios From Execution Traces, David Lo, Shahar Maoz, Siau-Cheng Khoo Oct 2007

Mining Modal Scenarios From Execution Traces, David Lo, Shahar Maoz, Siau-Cheng Khoo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Specification mining is a dynamic analysis process aimed at automatically inferring suggested specifications of a program from its execution traces. We describe a method, a framework, and a tool, for mining inter-object scenario-based specifications in the form of a UML2-compliant variant of Damm and Harel's Live Sequence Charts (LSC), which extends the classical partial order semantics of sequence diagrams with temporal liveness and symbolic class level lifelines, in order to generate compact and expressive specifications. Moreover, we use previous research work and tools developed for LSC to visualize, analyze, manipulate, test, and thus evaluate the scenario-based specifications we mine. Our …

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Flexible Access Control To Jpeg 2000 Image Code-Streams, Yongdong Wu, Di Ma, Robert H. Deng Oct 2007

Flexible Access Control To Jpeg 2000 Image Code-Streams, Yongdong Wu, Di Ma, Robert H. Deng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

JPEG 2000 is an international standard for still image compression in the 21st century. Part 8 of the standard, named JPSEC, is concerned with all the security aspects, in particular to access control and authentication. This paper presents a novel access control scheme for JPEG 2000 image code-streams. The proposed scheme is secure against collusion attacks and highly efficient. The scheme is also very flexible, allowing access control to JPEG 2000 image code-streams according to any combination of resolution, quality layer and region of interest. The "encrypt once, decrypt many ways" property of our scheme is designed to work seamlessly …

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A Multitude Of Opinions: Mining Online Rating Data, Hady Wirawan Lauw, Ee Peng Lim Oct 2007

A Multitude Of Opinions: Mining Online Rating Data, Hady Wirawan Lauw, Ee Peng Lim

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Online rating system is a popular feature of Web 2.0 applications. It typically involves a set of reviewers assigning rating scores (based on various evaluation criteria) to a set of objects. We identify two objectives for research on online rating data, namely achieving effective evaluation of objects and learning behaviors of reviewers/objects. These two objectives have conventionally been pursued separately. We argue that the future research direction should focus on the integration of these two objectives, as well as the integration between rating data and other types of data.

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Npake+: A Hierarchical Group Password-Authenticated Key Exchange Protocol Using Different Passwords, Zhiguo Wan, Robert H. Deng, Feng Bao, Bart Preneel Oct 2007

Npake+: A Hierarchical Group Password-Authenticated Key Exchange Protocol Using Different Passwords, Zhiguo Wan, Robert H. Deng, Feng Bao, Bart Preneel

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Although two-party password-authenticated key exchange (PAKE) protocols have been intensively studied in recent years, group PAKE protocols have received little attention. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical group PAKE protocol nPAKE+ protocol under the setting where each party shares an independent password with a trusted server. The nPAKE+ protocol is a novel combination of the hierarchical key tree structure and the password-based Diffie-Hellman exchange, and hence it achieves substantial gain in computation efficiency. In particular, the computation cost for each client in our protocol is only O(logn). Additionally, the hierarchical feature of nPAKE+ enables every subgroup obtains their own …

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Analyzing Service Usage Patterns: Methodology And Simulation, Qianhui (Althea) Liang, Jen-Yao Chung Oct 2007

Analyzing Service Usage Patterns: Methodology And Simulation, Qianhui (Althea) Liang, Jen-Yao Chung

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper proposes that service mining technology will power the construction of new business services via both intra- and inter-enterprise service assembly within the Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) framework. We investigate the methodologies of service mining at the component level of service usage. We also demonstrate how mining of service usage patterns is intended to be used to improve different aspects of service composition. Simulation experiments conducted for mining at the component level are analyzed. The processing details within a general service mining deployment are demonstrated.

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When The Rumour Strikes..., M. Thulasidas Oct 2007

When The Rumour Strikes..., M. Thulasidas

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Managers should make use of the underground rumour mill to understand employee concerns. EMPLOYEES seek insights into where their organisation is heading. And they should, because what their organisation does has a direct impact on their well- being.

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Follow The Leader? Price Change Timing In Internet-Based Selling, R. J. Kauffman, Charles A. Wood Oct 2007

Follow The Leader? Price Change Timing In Internet-Based Selling, R. J. Kauffman, Charles A. Wood

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Internet technologies should lessen information asymmetry, prompting competitive price reactions, but this does not seem to be happening in Internet-based selling. We study empirical regularities of price change timing for music CD vendors and booksellers to assess several theoretical explanations. Our sample includes 123, 680 daily prices for 169 products and 53 firms. Bertrand competition is insufficient to explain our observation that sellers do not shift prices this way. Tacitly collusive responses to competitors' price changes are observed rather than price changes solely in response to demand or cost shifts as would be expected with Bertrand competition. We find evidence …

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Option-Based Risk Management: A Field Study Of Sequential Information Technology Investment Decisions, Michel Benaroch, Mark Jeffery, Robert John Kauffman, Sandeep Shah Oct 2007

Option-Based Risk Management: A Field Study Of Sequential Information Technology Investment Decisions, Michel Benaroch, Mark Jeffery, Robert John Kauffman, Sandeep Shah

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This field study research evaluates the viability of applying an option-based risk management (OBRiM) framework, and its accompanying theoretical perspective and methodology, to real-world sequential information technology (IT) investment problems. These problems involve alternative investment structures that bear different risk profiles for the firm, and also may improve the payoffs of the associated projects and the organization's performance. We sought to surface the costs, benefits, and risks associated with a complex sequential investment setting that has the key features that OBRiM treats. We combine traditional, purchased real options that subsequently create strategic flexibility for the decision maker, with implicit or …

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No Zero Sum Game Between The Evolving Role Of The State And Market Forces In China, Knowledge@Smu Sep 2007

No Zero Sum Game Between The Evolving Role Of The State And Market Forces In China, Knowledge@Smu

Knowledge@SMU

Is China’s remarkable economic progress a success story of market forces triumphing over the state in lifting millions out of poverty? Singapore Management University political science professor John Donaldson presents the case that, even as China underwent market reforms and emerged with impressive results, the role of the state did not diminish but shifted to other vital tasks and functions to facilitate and alter market forces. He also argues that, in this country of over 1.3 billion people, economic growth alone does not necessarily lead to poverty reduction.

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Perspectives On Terrorism: Storytelling Versus Rationalisation, Knowledge@Smu Sep 2007

Perspectives On Terrorism: Storytelling Versus Rationalisation, Knowledge@Smu

Knowledge@SMU

Since the events of 9/11, ordinary people and governments are struggling more than ever to make sense of the seemingly senseless acts of terrorists that threaten nearly all countries, directly or indirectly. Singapore Management University philosophy professor Thomas Brian Mooney is coauthor, along with Rob Imre and Ben Clarke, of a new book, Terrorism, Causes and Cures: Legal, Political and Philosophical Perspectives, to be published later this year by Ashgate Press. Mooney talks to Knowledge@SMU about the importance of “storytelling”, as compared with adopting a purely rational approach, to help understand the causes of terrorism.

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Clear Leadership: Promoting Organisational Learning And Squashing ‘Interpersonal Mush’, Knowledge@Smu Sep 2007

Clear Leadership: Promoting Organisational Learning And Squashing ‘Interpersonal Mush’, Knowledge@Smu

Knowledge@SMU

Gervase Bushe, management and organisation studies professor in the Segal Graduate School of Business at Simon Fraser University in Canada, is also a consultant and an award winning author in the field of organisational change and development. In July 2007, Bushe was one of the main speakers at the Seventh International Conference on Knowledge, Culture and Change in Organisations, held at the Singapore Management University. Knowledge@SMU spoke to Bushe about teaching Clear Leadership to facilitate organisational learning.

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How Do Word-Of-Mouth Reviews Affect Product Sales? Applying The Stock Market Analogy To Online Stores, Knowledge@Smu Sep 2007

How Do Word-Of-Mouth Reviews Affect Product Sales? Applying The Stock Market Analogy To Online Stores, Knowledge@Smu

Knowledge@SMU

Online word-of-mouth communication -- such as product reviews by consumers -- has become a major information source about product quality. Singapore Management University information systems professor Nan Hu and his team investigated both quantitative and qualitative aspects of online reviews using Amazon.com as their study base. They found that, besides review scores, consumers do pay attention to other contextual information such as a reviewer’s reputation and exposure. Hu’s research also showed that the longer an item is on the market, the smaller the impact of online reviews on sales.

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Supply Chain Excellence Is All About Providing, Knowledge@Smu Sep 2007

Supply Chain Excellence Is All About Providing, Knowledge@Smu

Knowledge@SMU

In a globalised economy, businesses are employing innovative methods to create value in the supply chain process. Operations, information and technology professor Hau L. Lee of Stanford University’s Graduate School of Business recently delivered a keynote address on “Creating Value with Supply Chain Excellence” at the Singapore Management University. Lee talked to Knowledge@SMU about how supply chain innovations could be developed and realised, using a framework he designed on Value-Creation Evolutions.

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Measuring The Trade-Offs Between Economic Growth And Unequal Distribution Of The Benefits, Knowledge@Smu Sep 2007

Measuring The Trade-Offs Between Economic Growth And Unequal Distribution Of The Benefits, Knowledge@Smu

Knowledge@SMU

In an unequal world, how should countries evaluate the trade-offs between pursuing economic growth and the risks of unequal distribution of the benefits amongst individuals? London School of Economics professor and department head Danny Quah recently delivered an address on "Life in Unequal Growing Economies”, as part of the Singapore Management University School of Economics Distinguished Lecture Series. His paper proposes an empirical model to measure the trade-offs between economic growth and income inequality, and to assess the implications of such trade-offs for poverty alleviation and individual welfare.

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Un-Balanced Economic Growth, Hing-Man Leung Sep 2007

Un-Balanced Economic Growth, Hing-Man Leung

Research Collection School Of Economics

Since the elasticity of substitution between capital and labor is not always one, and since technical progress is not always Harrod-neutral, it is desirable to have an endogenous growth model that admits all sizes of the elasticity and all known technology modes. We derive an equation to do just that, fully describing the per capita income growth rate at all times. It shows a typical economy needing hundreds if not thousands of years to reach its long term growth rate, leading to the conclusion that even the short run may be very long indeed.

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Modeling Country Risks: An Asian Perspective, Swee Liang Tan, G. K. Randolph Tan Sep 2007

Modeling Country Risks: An Asian Perspective, Swee Liang Tan, G. K. Randolph Tan

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper investigates the use of the Markov Regime Switching Model (MRSM) as a means to track changes in the levels of investor confidence. It also assesses the probabilities of a country switching between different regimes using the transition probability matrix. A maximum of three possible levels or regimes of risk – low, intermediate and high volatility regimes, is considered. From the smoothed probabilities calculated for different regimes, this paper makes inferences about timings of debt crisis. Comparing Brazil, Mexico, the Philippines and Indonesia in particular, we date the onset and subsequent dissolution of crisis-induced panic. We give interpretations of …

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Should China Keep Its Dollar Peg? Some Parallels From Japan, Knowledge@Smu Sep 2007

Should China Keep Its Dollar Peg? Some Parallels From Japan, Knowledge@Smu

Knowledge@SMU

At a recent Singapore Management University School of Economics Distinguished Lecture, Stanford University international economics professor Ronald I. McKinnon warned of a possible ‘lost decade’ of falling price levels and undesirably low interest rates in China, similar to those experienced by Japan in the 1990s. McKinnon draws parallels between Japan in the late 1980s and present day China in his paper entitled “Why China Should Keep its Exchange Rate Pegged to the Dollar: A Historical Perspective from Japan”. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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Social Influences On Organizational Attractiveness: Investigating If And When Word Of Mouth Matters, Greet Van Hoye, Filip Lievens Sep 2007

Social Influences On Organizational Attractiveness: Investigating If And When Word Of Mouth Matters, Greet Van Hoye, Filip Lievens

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Previous recruitment studies have treated potential applicants as individual decision makers, neglecting informational social influences on organizational attractiveness. The present study investigated if and under what conditions word-of-mouth communication matters as a recruitment source. Results (N = 171) indicated that word of mouth had a strong impact on organizational attractiveness, and negative word of mouth interfered with recruitment advertising effects. Word of mouth from a strong tie was perceived as more credible and had a more positive effect on organizational attractiveness. For potential applicants high in self-monitoring, word of mouth had a stronger effect when presented after recruitment advertising. Finally, …

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The Size Of Venture Capital And Private Equity Fund Portfolios, Gennaro Bernile, Douglas Cumming, Evgeny Lyandres Sep 2007

The Size Of Venture Capital And Private Equity Fund Portfolios, Gennaro Bernile, Douglas Cumming, Evgeny Lyandres

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We propose a model that examines the optimal size of venture capital and private equity fund portfolios. The relationship between a VC and entrepreneurs is characterized by double-sided moral hazard, which causes the VC to trade off larger portfolios against lower values of portfolio companies. We analyze the structural relations between the VC's optimal portfolio structure and entrepreneurs' and VC's productivities, their disutilities of effort, the value of a successful project, and the required initial investment in a venture. We also test the model's predictions using a small proprietary dataset collected through a survey targeted to VC and private equity …

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Asymmetries In Stock Returns: Statistical Tests And Economic Evaluation, Yongmiao Hong, Jun Tu, Guofu Zhou Sep 2007

Asymmetries In Stock Returns: Statistical Tests And Economic Evaluation, Yongmiao Hong, Jun Tu, Guofu Zhou

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We provide a model-free test for asymmetric correlations in which stocks move more often with the market when the market goes down than when it goes up, and also provide such tests for asymmetric betas and covariances. When stocks are sorted by size, book-to-market, and momentum, we find strong evidence of asymmetries for both size and momentum portfolios, but no evidence for book-to-market portfolios. Moreover, we evaluate the economic significance of incorporating asymmetries into investment decisions, and find that they can be of substantial economic importance for an investor with a disappointment aversion (DA) preference as described by Ang, Bekaert, …

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Job Satisfaction As Mediator: An Assessment Of Job Satisfaction's Position Within The Nomological Network, Marcus Crede, Oleksandr S. Chernyshenko, Stephen Stark, Reeshad S. Dalal, Michael R. Bashshur Sep 2007

Job Satisfaction As Mediator: An Assessment Of Job Satisfaction's Position Within The Nomological Network, Marcus Crede, Oleksandr S. Chernyshenko, Stephen Stark, Reeshad S. Dalal, Michael R. Bashshur

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Job satisfaction's position within the nomological network and the mechanism outlined by theories of social exchange suggest that job satisfaction functions as a mediator of the relationship between various antecedent variables and volitional workplace behaviours. We extend social exchange theory to include perceptions of the total job situation and develop a model that positions job satisfaction as a mediator of the relationships between various internal and external antecedent variables, and three volitional workplace behaviours: citizenship behaviours, counterproductive workplace behaviours, and job withdrawal. The fit of a fully mediated model is good and all four classes of antecedents (dispositions, workplace events, …

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Combining Predictors To Achieve Optimal Trade-Offs Between Selection Quality And Adverse Impact, Wilfried De Corte, Filip Lievens, Paul R. Sackett Sep 2007

Combining Predictors To Achieve Optimal Trade-Offs Between Selection Quality And Adverse Impact, Wilfried De Corte, Filip Lievens, Paul R. Sackett

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

The authors propose a procedure to determine (a) predictor composites that result in a Pareto-optimal trade-off between the often competing goals in personnel selection of quality and adverse impact and (b) the relative importance of the quality and impact objectives that correspond to each of these trade-offs. They also investigated whether the obtained Pareto-optimal composites continue to perform well under variability of the selection parameters that characterize the intended selection decision. The results of this investigation indicate that this is indeed the case. The authors suggest that the procedure be used as one of a number of potential strategies for …

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A Self-Motives Perspective On Feedback-Seeking Behavior: Linking Organizational Behavior And Social Psychology Research, Frederick Anseel, Filip Lievens, Paul E. Levy Sep 2007

A Self-Motives Perspective On Feedback-Seeking Behavior: Linking Organizational Behavior And Social Psychology Research, Frederick Anseel, Filip Lievens, Paul E. Levy

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Both the feedback-seeking literature in management and the self-motives domain in social psychology have focused on how motives affect the way in which people acquire information for self-evaluation purposes. Despite apparent conceptual similarities, the implications of research in these domains have not been fully integrated. This paper aims to link research on feedback-seeking behavior to recent theoretical developments in social psychology. First, the current perspective in management on feedback-seeking motives is depicted. Second, a well-established framework of self-motives in social psychology is introduced. Third, similarities and differences between these two motivational perspectives are discussed and a first step towards integration …

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Evaluating The Blending Of An E-Learning Module Into A Knowledge Management Course: A Case Study From The Singapore Management University (Smu), Thomas Menkhoff, Tze Yian Thang, Yue Kee Wong Sep 2007

Evaluating The Blending Of An E-Learning Module Into A Knowledge Management Course: A Case Study From The Singapore Management University (Smu), Thomas Menkhoff, Tze Yian Thang, Yue Kee Wong

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

In 2005, the authors of this essay led the development and launch of SMU’s (Singapore Management University) first e-learning package on ‘Knowledge Management’. The package is aimed at supporting SMU’s mission to be committed to an interactive, participative and technologically-enabled learning experience. Since its inception in 2000, SMU’s educational and administrative practices are modelled after American institutions, in particular the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. To support SMU’s unique pedagogy, wireless technology for mobile computing is a central feature at SMU. Against this background, the paper features a self-critical and reflective case study of the roll out of …

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Are Us Family Firms Subject To Agency Problems? Evidence From Ceo Turnover And Firm Valuation, Xia Chen, Zhonglan Dai Sep 2007

Are Us Family Firms Subject To Agency Problems? Evidence From Ceo Turnover And Firm Valuation, Xia Chen, Zhonglan Dai

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

This paper investigates the impact of the founding family's presence in US public firms on the extent of agency problems related to CEO turnover decisions and on firm valuations after poor performance. In particular, we focus on three types of US public firms: family CEO firms, professional CEO family firms (family firms managed by a hired CEO outside the founding family), and non-family firms. We hypothesize that, the agency problem arising from the expropriation of small shareholders by large shareholders in family CEO firms and the agency problem arising from the separation of ownership and control in non-family firms, lead …

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Evaluating Bag-Of-Visual-Words Representations In Scene Classification, Jun Yang, Yu-Gang Jiang, Alexander G. Hauptmann, Chong-Wah Ngo Sep 2007

Evaluating Bag-Of-Visual-Words Representations In Scene Classification, Jun Yang, Yu-Gang Jiang, Alexander G. Hauptmann, Chong-Wah Ngo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Based on keypoints extracted as salient image patches, an image can be described as a “bag of visual words” and this representation has been used in scene classification. The choice of dimension, selection, and weighting of visual words in this representation is crucial to the classification performance but has not been thoroughly studied in previous work. Given the analogy between this representation and the bag-of-words representation of text documents, we apply techniques used in text categorization, including term weighting, stop word removal, feature selection, to generate image representations that differ in the dimension, selection, and weighting of visual words. The …

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