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Gradients As An Action: Towards Communication-Efficient Federated Recommender Systems Via Adaptive Action Sharing, Zhufeng Lu, Chentao Jia, Ming Hu, Xiaofei Xie, Mingsong Chen Aug 2025

Gradients As An Action: Towards Communication-Efficient Federated Recommender Systems Via Adaptive Action Sharing, Zhufeng Lu, Chentao Jia, Ming Hu, Xiaofei Xie, Mingsong Chen

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

As a promising privacy-aware collaborative model training paradigm, Federated Learning (FL) is becoming popular in the design of distributed recommender systems. However, Federated Recommender Systems (FedRecs) greatly suffer from two major problems: i) extremely high communication overhead due to massive item embeddings involved in recommendation systems, and ii) intolerably low training efficiency caused by the entanglement of both heterogeneous network environments and client devices. Although existing methods attempt to employ various compression techniques to reduce communication overhead, due to the parameter errors introduced by model compression, they inevitably suffer from model performance degradation. To simultaneously address the above problems, this …

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Knowledge Boundary Of Large Language Models: A Survey, Moxin Li, Yong Zhao, Wenxuan Zhang, Shuaiyi Li, Wenya Xie, See-Kiong Ng, Tat-Seng Chua, Yang Deng Aug 2025

Knowledge Boundary Of Large Language Models: A Survey, Moxin Li, Yong Zhao, Wenxuan Zhang, Shuaiyi Li, Wenya Xie, See-Kiong Ng, Tat-Seng Chua, Yang Deng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Although large language models (LLMs) store vast amount of knowledge in their parameters, they still have limitations in the memorization and utilization of certain knowledge, leading to undesired behaviors such as generating untruthful and inaccurate responses. This highlights the critical need to understand the knowledge boundary of LLMs, a concept that remains inadequately defined in existing research. In this survey, we propose a comprehensive definition of the LLM knowledge boundary and introduce a formalized taxonomy categorizing knowledge into four distinct types. Using this foundation, we systematically review the field through three key lenses: the motivation for studying LLM knowledge boundaries, …

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Rl4co: An Extensive Reinforcement Learning For Combinatorial Optimization Benchmark, Federico Berto, Et. Al Aug 2025

Rl4co: An Extensive Reinforcement Learning For Combinatorial Optimization Benchmark, Federico Berto, Et. Al

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Combinatorial optimization (CO) is fundamental to several real-world applications, from logistics and scheduling to hardware design and resource allocation. Deep reinforcement learning (RL) has recently shown significant benefits in solving CO problems, reducing reliance on domain expertise and improving computational efficiency. However, the absence of a unified benchmarking framework leads to inconsistent evaluations, limits reproducibility, and increases engineering overhead, raising barriers to adoption for new researchers. To address these challenges, we introduce RL4CO, a unified and extensive benchmark with in-depth library coverage of 27 CO problem environments and 23 state-of-the-art baselines. Built on efficient software libraries and best practices in …

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Colloquial Singaporean English Style Transfer With Fine-Grained Explainable Control, Jinggui Liang, Dung Vo, Yap Hong Xian, Hai Leong Chieu, Kian Ming A. Chai, Jing Jiang, Lizi Liao Aug 2025

Colloquial Singaporean English Style Transfer With Fine-Grained Explainable Control, Jinggui Liang, Dung Vo, Yap Hong Xian, Hai Leong Chieu, Kian Ming A. Chai, Jing Jiang, Lizi Liao

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Colloquial Singaporean English (Singlish) is an informal English marked by a unique blend of languages reflecting Singapore’s multicultural identity. Style transfer between Singlish and Standard (formal) English is vital for various applications, yet existing methods often lack explainability and fine-grained control. To fill this gap, we contribute in two key ways. First, we construct a large, high-quality dataset of formal and informal sentences, annotated across six linguistic aspects—Syntax, Lexical Borrowing, Pragmatics, Prosody/Phonology, Emoticons/Punctuation, and Code-Switching—with detailed explanations. Starting with manually annotated cases, we scaled the dataset to 140K with ensured quality. Second, inspired by the “Society of Mind” theory, we …

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Gnncontext: Gnn-Based Code Context Prediction For Programming Tasks, Xiaoye Zheng, Zhiyuan Wan, Shun Liu, Kaiwen Yang, David Lo, Xiaohu Yang Aug 2025

Gnncontext: Gnn-Based Code Context Prediction For Programming Tasks, Xiaoye Zheng, Zhiyuan Wan, Shun Liu, Kaiwen Yang, David Lo, Xiaohu Yang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

A code context model comprises source code elements and their relations relevant to a programming task. The capture and use of code context models in software tools can benefit software development practices, such as code navigation and search. Prior research has explored approaches that leverage either the structural information of code or interaction histories of developers with integrated development environments to automate the construction of code context models. However, these approaches primarily capture shallow syntactic and lexical features of code elements, with limited ability to capture contextual and structural dependencies among neighboring code elements. In this paper, we propose GNNContext, …

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Reimagining Education With Ai, Margherita Pagani, Steven M. Miller, Jerry Wind Aug 2025

Reimagining Education With Ai, Margherita Pagani, Steven M. Miller, Jerry Wind

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This chapter examines AI’s transformative potential in education, focusing on Generative AI (GenAI) and Large Language Models (LLMs) while at the same time emphasizing the importance of grounding and guiding AI efforts with learning science and education research findings. It synthesizes analyses and expert recommendations, highlighting opportunities like personalized learning and enhanced teacher productivity, alongside challenges such as over-reliance on AI. Practical steps for instructors include adopting a question-first approach, utilizing AI for personalized feedback, designing AI-enhanced learning experiences, fostering critical thinking, and ensuring ethical AI use. The chapter concludes with strategic recommendations for leveraging AI to sustainably improve educational …

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Subjective Socioeconomic Status Moderates Self-Esteem Reactivity To Daily Stressor Exposure: Evidence From A Daily Diary Approach, Yi Jing Chua, Nadyanna M. Majeed, Verity Yu Qing Lua, Chi-Ying Cheng, Andree Hartanto Aug 2025

Subjective Socioeconomic Status Moderates Self-Esteem Reactivity To Daily Stressor Exposure: Evidence From A Daily Diary Approach, Yi Jing Chua, Nadyanna M. Majeed, Verity Yu Qing Lua, Chi-Ying Cheng, Andree Hartanto

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Research on self-esteem reactivity has demonstrated that self-esteem fluctuates in response to daily stressor exposure, and the strength of this relationship varies between individuals. Drawing upon the positive link between objective socioeconomic status (SES) and self-esteem, how subjective SES influences self-esteem reactivity to daily stressor exposure was explored. Using a 7-day daily diary study, the current study (N-participants = 243, N-days = 1651) adopted a multilevel analysis to demonstrate that subjective SES attenuated the within-person association between daily stressor exposure and daily self-esteem, even after controlling for demographics and objective indicators of SES. The interactions were also consistent across social …

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Learning Frame-Level Classifiers For Video-Based Real-Time Assessment Of Stroke Rehabilitation Exercises From Weakly Annotated Datasets, Ana Rita Cóias, Min Hun Lee, Alexandre Bernardino, Asim Smailagic, Mariana Mateus, David Fernandes, Sofia Trapola Aug 2025

Learning Frame-Level Classifiers For Video-Based Real-Time Assessment Of Stroke Rehabilitation Exercises From Weakly Annotated Datasets, Ana Rita Cóias, Min Hun Lee, Alexandre Bernardino, Asim Smailagic, Mariana Mateus, David Fernandes, Sofia Trapola

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Autonomous rehabilitation support solutions, such as virtual coaches, should provide real-time feedback to improve motor function and maintain patient engagement. However, fully annotated dataset collection for real-time exercise assessment is time-consuming and costly, posing a barrier to evaluating proposed methods. In this work, we present a novel framework that learns a frame-level classifier using weakly annotated videos for real-time assessment of compensatory motions in stroke rehabilitation exercises by generating pseudo-labels at a frame level. We consider three approaches: 1) a baseline approach that uses a source dataset to train a frame-level classifier, 2) a transfer learning approach that uses target …

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Inference-Time Gaze Refinement For Micro-Expression Recognition: Enhancing Event-Based Eye Tracking With Motion-Aware Post-Processing, Panahetipola Mudiyanselage Nuwan Bandara, Thivya Kandappu, Archan Misra Aug 2025

Inference-Time Gaze Refinement For Micro-Expression Recognition: Enhancing Event-Based Eye Tracking With Motion-Aware Post-Processing, Panahetipola Mudiyanselage Nuwan Bandara, Thivya Kandappu, Archan Misra

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Event-based eye tracking holds significant promise for fine-grained cognitive state inference, offering high temporal resolution and robustness to motion artifacts, critical features for decoding subtle mental states such as attention, confusion, or fatigue. In this work, we introduce a model-agnostic, inference-time refinement framework designed to enhance the output of existing event-based gaze estimation models without modifying their architecture or requiring retraining. Our method comprises two key post-processing modules: (i) Motion-Aware Median Filtering, which suppresses blink-induced spikes while preserving natural gaze dynamics, and (ii) Optical Flow-Based Local Refinement, which aligns gaze predictions with cumulative event motion to reduce spatial jitter and …

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Efficacy Of Digital Mental Health Interventions For Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Meta-Analytic Review Of Randomised Controlled Trials, K. T. A. Kasturiratna, Andree Hartanto, Angel Khaterina Lee, Charmaine Jiali Koh, Nadyanna M. Majeed Aug 2025

Efficacy Of Digital Mental Health Interventions For Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Meta-Analytic Review Of Randomised Controlled Trials, K. T. A. Kasturiratna, Andree Hartanto, Angel Khaterina Lee, Charmaine Jiali Koh, Nadyanna M. Majeed

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder that significantly impacts various facets of life. While traditional treatments such as medication and behavioural therapy are effective, they often fall short due to limited access and undesirable side effects. In response to these limitations, digital mental health interventions have emerged as a transformative approach in alleviating ADHD symptoms. The current meta-analysis investigates the effectiveness of digital mental health interventions for ADHD synthesising data across 23 randomised controlled trials, with 99 effect sizes across 1,472 participants. Results showed small, significant effects of digital mental health interventions in reducing overall ADHD symptoms …

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Being Seen And Being With Others: Shame And Interpersonal Relationships, Brandon Yip Aug 2025

Being Seen And Being With Others: Shame And Interpersonal Relationships, Brandon Yip

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

I seek to vindicate heteronomous shame: shame that one experiences in response to a judgment from another that one does not accept. I suggest that such experiences are instances of interpersonal shame. This is shame that involves a sensitivity to interpersonal ideals, whose instantiation depends partly on the attitudes of others. I defend the importance of such shame by showing how vulnerability to others is a constitutive part of rich interpersonal relationships. The account both casts light on and vindicates the heteronomous shame that is pervasive among marginalised and oppressed groups. Such shame is not irrational but involves an accurate …

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A Lifespan Perspective On Positive Affect Fluctuations On Purpose In Life: Findings From A 9-Year Longitudinal Study, Jonathan L. Chia, Verity Y. Q. Lua, Andree Hartanto Aug 2025

A Lifespan Perspective On Positive Affect Fluctuations On Purpose In Life: Findings From A 9-Year Longitudinal Study, Jonathan L. Chia, Verity Y. Q. Lua, Andree Hartanto

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Existing research has examined how static or average levels of positive affect (PA) influence purpose in life (PIL), but theoretical work suggests PA fluctuations may also play a role, potentially undermining PIL, especially in older adulthood. To this end, the present study examined the longitudinal association of PA fluctuations on PIL and the moderating role of age among 1,294 midlife and older adults in the United States, over a 9-year period (between 2004 and 2014). Results revealed a conditional effect of PA fluctuations on PIL – particularly among older individuals, and greater PA fluctuations were associated with a poorer sense …

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Constraints Without Tears For Consequentialists, Matthew Hammerton Aug 2025

Constraints Without Tears For Consequentialists, Matthew Hammerton

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Agent-relative consequentialism uses the theoretical framework of consequentialism to capture the constraints favored by deontologists. Christopher Howard has recently argued that agent-relative consequentialism is implausible because it can only capture such constraints at the expense of getting other normative facts incorrect. In this reply, I argue that Howard’s objection to agent-relative consequentialism fails because it rests on faulty intuitions that arise from a misunderstanding of basic structural features of agent-relative consequentialism.

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Understanding The Physical Health Associations Of Intra-Individual Variability In Life Satisfaction Among Older Adults, Frosch Y. X. Quek, Kenneth Tan, David Chan Aug 2025

Understanding The Physical Health Associations Of Intra-Individual Variability In Life Satisfaction Among Older Adults, Frosch Y. X. Quek, Kenneth Tan, David Chan

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

It is well established that inter-individual differences in life satisfaction positively predict health, but it is less clear how intra-individual variability in life satisfaction across time could influence health, particularly across individuals with different satisfaction levels. To address this gap, we analysed a large panel dataset from a national sample of 8,674 older adults, aged 50–70 (M = 59, SD = 5.42) in Singapore who completed surveys over 53 consecutive months. Results from multi-level modelling showed an interaction between variability in life satisfaction and life satisfaction mean on physical health. Specifically, there was no association between variability and health among …

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Measuring What Matters: Towards Consequential Research, Lily Kong Aug 2025

Measuring What Matters: Towards Consequential Research, Lily Kong

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

In a commentary, SMU President Professor Lily Kong reflects on whether and how university researchers seek to make a societal difference, and how such impact can be assessed and recognised. Prof Kong notes that while many faculty members at SMU see the societal value of their work, the global academic system still lacks established frameworks to measure it. Prof Kong highlights SMU’s efforts to develop an approach that aligns with global trends yet is tailored to Singapore’s context, while acknowledging that international recognition still depends on adherence to common standards. She concludes that meaningful change will likely come when funding …

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3r-Stadte Furs Leben Gestalten [Designing 3r Cities For Life], Lily Kong Aug 2025

3r-Stadte Furs Leben Gestalten [Designing 3r Cities For Life], Lily Kong

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

What does it mean for a city to be resilient in today’s world? In July this year, over 100 city leaders, scholars, and industry partners gathered at City Dialogues in Vienna, co-convened by Singapore Management University and Urban Innovation Vienna, to reflect on the critical question of urban resilience. Held alongside the Mayors Forum of the World Cities Summit 2025, the dialogue provided a timely opportunity to share how cities can navigate complexity—not only in response to disruption, but also in pursuit of sustainable and inclusive futures. Inspired by SMU City Dialogues, I explore here how cities can bounce back, …

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Full Circle: Historiography, Missiology, And Theology In Lin Yutang’S From Pagan To Christian, Teng-Kuan Ng Aug 2025

Full Circle: Historiography, Missiology, And Theology In Lin Yutang’S From Pagan To Christian, Teng-Kuan Ng

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

Lin Yutang (1895–1976) is renowned for bridging the Chinese and Western worlds through his prolific writings, but the vital role of religion in his intercultural endeavors remains underappreciated. This article situates his seminal work of religious reflection, From Pagan to Christian (1959), within the context of World Christianity, defined as both movement and method. Lin’s departure from the Christianity of his youth into Chinese religions—and back again to the church in his later years—presents timely insights for the study of religious change and pluralism in global modernity. Analyzing the text’s decolonizing, dialogical, and polyphonic dimensions, this article brings Lin’s spiritual …

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Direct And Indirect Experiences, Risk Perceptions, And Vaccine Booster Intention: A Mediation Study In Singapore Using Secondary Risk Theory, Sonny Rosenthal, Agnes S. F. Chuah, Hye Kyung Kim, Shirley S. Ho Aug 2025

Direct And Indirect Experiences, Risk Perceptions, And Vaccine Booster Intention: A Mediation Study In Singapore Using Secondary Risk Theory, Sonny Rosenthal, Agnes S. F. Chuah, Hye Kyung Kim, Shirley S. Ho

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

This study examined how direct experiences with COVID-19 infection and vaccination and indirect experience through government and media information predict individuals' intention to receive a COVID-19 booster dose. Drawing on secondary risk theory, we conducted a nationally representative door-to-door survey of 1000 adult Singapore residents in mid-2024. We used structural equation modeling to test whether risk perceptions and efficacy beliefs mediate the effects of experience and information exposure on booster intention. Booster intention was positively related to perceived susceptibility to infection, vaccine effectiveness, vaccination self-efficacy, and prior vaccination, and negatively related to perceived severity of and susceptibility to booster side …

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Revealing Building Operating Carbon Dynamics For Multiple Cities, Winston Yap, Abraham Noah Wu, Clayton Miller, Filip Biljecki Aug 2025

Revealing Building Operating Carbon Dynamics For Multiple Cities, Winston Yap, Abraham Noah Wu, Clayton Miller, Filip Biljecki

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

Achieving carbon neutrality is a critical yet elusive goal for many cities, hindered by limited understanding of the relationship between building emissions and their surroundings. To address this challenge, we present a generalizable open science framework that integrates building energy-consumption data, multi-modal geospatial inputs and graph deep learning to quantify building operating emissions and their links to urban form and socio-economic factors. Applying this approach to five cities with diverse climates and planning contexts—Melbourne, New York City (Manhattan), Seattle, Singapore and Washington DC—we demonstrate that our models explain 78.4% of the variation in building operating carbon emissions across cities, achieving …

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Health And Weather In Unfavourable Environments: Exploring The Historical Dynamics Of Colonial Medical Meteorology In Nineteenth-Century Tropical Asia, Fiona Williamson Aug 2025

Health And Weather In Unfavourable Environments: Exploring The Historical Dynamics Of Colonial Medical Meteorology In Nineteenth-Century Tropical Asia, Fiona Williamson

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

Medical meteorology had a long precedent in medical thought across Eastern and Western traditions. This article considers the tradition of medical meteorology that was favoured by Western doctors in the nineteenth century, which was often applied within colonial contexts to the understanding of new climates and how they might impact on human health. Looking at British-held tropical and sub-tropical colonies of the Straits Settlements and Hong Kong respectively, medical meteorology was stimulated by the new pathological and atmospheric conditions that European explorers and settlers now inhabited in the name of the British Empire. They brought with them concepts of disease …

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Evaluating And Mitigating Linguistic Discrimination In Large Language Models: Perspectives On Safety Equity And Knowledge Equity, Guoliang Dong, Haoyu Wang, Jun Sun, Xinyu Wang Aug 2025

Evaluating And Mitigating Linguistic Discrimination In Large Language Models: Perspectives On Safety Equity And Knowledge Equity, Guoliang Dong, Haoyu Wang, Jun Sun, Xinyu Wang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

By training on text in various languages, large language models (LLMs) typically possess multilingual support and demonstrate remarkable capabilities in solving tasks described in different languages. However, LLMs can exhibit linguistic discrimination due to the uneven distribution of training data across languages. That is, LLMs are hard to keep the consistency of responses when faced with the same task but depicted in different languages. In this study, we first explore the consistency in the LLMs’ outputs responding to queries in various languages from two aspects: safety and quality. We conduct this analysis with two datasets (AdvBench and NQ) based on …

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Ai-Assisted Triage And Decision Support Of Head And Neck Cancer Screening And Diagnosis In Low-Resourced Settings, Min Hun Lee, Sean Shao Wei Lam, Shaun Xin Hong Liew, Michael Dorosan, Nicholas Graves, Jonas Karlström, Hiang Khoon Tan, Walter Tsong Lee Aug 2025

Ai-Assisted Triage And Decision Support Of Head And Neck Cancer Screening And Diagnosis In Low-Resourced Settings, Min Hun Lee, Sean Shao Wei Lam, Shaun Xin Hong Liew, Michael Dorosan, Nicholas Graves, Jonas Karlström, Hiang Khoon Tan, Walter Tsong Lee

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The mortality burden of head and neck cancer (HNC) is increasing globally and disproportionately affects people in low-and middle-income countries with limited medical workforce. To address this issue, artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms are increasingly being explored to process medical imaging data, demonstrating competitive performance. However, the clinical adoption of AI remains challenging as clinicians struggle to understand how complex AI works and trust it to use in practice. In addition, AI may not perform well on varying data qualities of endoscopy videos for HNC screening and diagnosis from multiple sites.In this project, our international and interdisciplinary team will collaborate with …

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Sifar: A Simple Faster Accelerated Variance‑Reduced Gradient Method, Zhize Li Aug 2025

Sifar: A Simple Faster Accelerated Variance‑Reduced Gradient Method, Zhize Li

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this paper, we propose a simple faster accelerated gradient method called SIFAR for solving the finite-sum optimization problems. Concretely, we consider both general convex and strongly convex settings: i) For general convex finite-sum problems, SIFAR improves previous state-of-the-art result given by Varag. In particular, for large-scale problems or the convergence error is not very small, SIFAR obtains the first optimal result O(n), matching the lower bound. ii) For strongly convex finite-sum problems, we also show that SIFAR can achieve the optimal convergence rate matching the lower bound. Besides, SIFAR enjoys a simpler loopless algorithmic structure while previous algorithms use …

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Zero-Shot Generalist Graph Anomaly Detection With Unified Neighborhood Prompts, Chaoxi Niu, Hezhe Qiao, Changlu Chen, Ling Chen, Guansong Pang Aug 2025

Zero-Shot Generalist Graph Anomaly Detection With Unified Neighborhood Prompts, Chaoxi Niu, Hezhe Qiao, Changlu Chen, Ling Chen, Guansong Pang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Graph anomaly detection (GAD), which aims to identify nodes in a graph that significantly deviate from normal patterns, plays a crucial role in broad application domains. However, existing GAD methods are one-model-for-one-dataset approaches, i.e., training a separate model for each graph dataset. This largely limits their applicability in real-world scenarios. To overcome this limitation, we propose a novel zero-shot generalist GAD approach UNPrompt that trains a one-for-all detection model, requiring the training of one GAD model on a single graph dataset and then effectively generalizing to detect anomalies in other graph datasets without any retraining or fine-tuning. The key insight …

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Bridging Generations: Intergenerational Transfers And Time Use In A Changing World, Christine Ho Aug 2025

Bridging Generations: Intergenerational Transfers And Time Use In A Changing World, Christine Ho

Research Collection School Of Economics

This Special Issue brings together nine papers that examine how families allocate time and money across generations. Spanning aging societies in East Asia to informal settlements in the Pacific, the contributions employ diverse methodological approaches, from natural experiments and policy variation to administrative data linkage and cross-generational panel surveys. The findings converge on a central insight: intergenerational transfers of time and money are not merely cultural practices, but systematic responses to changing economic environments and institutional frameworks. Family decisions are critical to the provision of long-term care, investment in children’s human capital, and the transmission of preferences, opportunities, and well-being …

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Is R&D Rivalry Slowing The Growth Of Productive Firms?, Yoshiki Ando, James Bessen, Xiupeng Wang Aug 2025

Is R&D Rivalry Slowing The Growth Of Productive Firms?, Yoshiki Ando, James Bessen, Xiupeng Wang

Research Collection School Of Economics

The reallocation of jobs to more productive firms is a substantial component of aggregate productivity growth, yet job reallocation rates have declined substantially in the United States. This paper explores the hypothesis that greater technological rivalry has exacerbated adjustment costs, slowing reallocation. Using microdata at the US Census and estimates of technological rivalry in firm growth regressions, we find that technological rivalry slows firm responses to productivity shocks. Firms do not expand as rapidly in the face of higher obsolescence risk. Estimating counterfactual firm growth from 1997-2018, we find that growing technological rivalry accounts for most of the decline in …

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Improved Secure Two-Party Computation From A Geometric Perspective, Hao Guo, Liqiang Peng, Haiyang Xue, Li Peng, Weiran Liu, Zhe Liu, Lei. Hu Aug 2025

Improved Secure Two-Party Computation From A Geometric Perspective, Hao Guo, Liqiang Peng, Haiyang Xue, Li Peng, Weiran Liu, Zhe Liu, Lei. Hu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Multiplication and other non-linear operations are widely recognized as the most costly components of secure two-party computation (2PC) based on linear secret sharing. Moreover, the comparison protocol (or Wrap protocol) is essential for various operations such as truncation, signed extension, and signed non-uniform multiplication. This paper aims to optimize these protocols by avoiding invoking the costly comparison protocol, thereby improving their efficiency.We propose a novel approach to study 2PC from a geometric perspective. Specifically, we interpret the two shares of a secret as the horizontal and vertical coordinates of a point in a Cartesian coordinate system, with the secret itself …

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A Three-Stage Matheuristic For The Blood Stochastic Inventory Routing Problem, Vincent F. Yu, Nabila Salsabila, Aldy Gunawan, Aldy Gunawan, Nurhadi Siswanto Aug 2025

A Three-Stage Matheuristic For The Blood Stochastic Inventory Routing Problem, Vincent F. Yu, Nabila Salsabila, Aldy Gunawan, Aldy Gunawan, Nurhadi Siswanto

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This research introduces a blood distribution system under vendor-managed inventory that considers uncertain supply and demand. We present it as the Blood Stochastic Inventory Routing Problem, formulating it as a two-stage stochastic programming model. To solve this problem, this study proposes a three-stage matheuristic that combines a perturbation heuristic, Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search, and an exact approach. From historical data of Surabaya Blood Center in Indonesia, six sets of new instances are generated under different settings. Computational results show that our proposed three-stage matheuristic outperforms CPLEX and a two-stage matheuristic by gaining optimal or better solutions within a significantly shorter …

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Preface, Special Issue For The 16th International Conference On Graph Transformation (Icgt 2023), Maribel Fernández, Christopher M. Poskitt Aug 2025

Preface, Special Issue For The 16th International Conference On Graph Transformation (Icgt 2023), Maribel Fernández, Christopher M. Poskitt

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This special issue contains six extended versions of papers presented at the 16th International Conference on Graph Transformation (ICGT 2023), held in Leicester, UK, on 19–20 July 2023. The conference was part of STAF 2023 (Software Technologies: Applications and Foundations) and was held under the auspices of the European Association for Theoretical Computer Science (EATCS), the European Association of Software Science and Technology (EASST), and the IFIP Working Group 1.3, Foundations of Systems Specification.

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Cami: A Counselor Agent Supporting Motivational Interviewing Through State Inference And Topic Exploration, Yizhe Yang, Palakorn Achananuparp, Heyan Huang, Jing Jiang, Phey Ling Kit, Nicholas Gabriel Lim, Cameron Shi Ern Tan, Ee-Peng Lim Aug 2025

Cami: A Counselor Agent Supporting Motivational Interviewing Through State Inference And Topic Exploration, Yizhe Yang, Palakorn Achananuparp, Heyan Huang, Jing Jiang, Phey Ling Kit, Nicholas Gabriel Lim, Cameron Shi Ern Tan, Ee-Peng Lim

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Conversational counselor agents have become essential tools for addressing the rising demand for scalable and accessible mental health support. This paper introduces CAMI, a novel automated counselor agent grounded in Motivational Interviewing (MI) – a client-centered counseling approach designed to address ambivalence and facilitate behavior change. CAMI employs a novel STAR framework, consisting of client’s state inference, motivation topic exploration, and response generation modules, leveraging large language models (LLMs). These components work together to evoke change talk, aligning with MI principles and improving counseling outcomes for diverse clients. We evaluate CAMI’s performance through both automated and expert evaluations, utilizing simulated …

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