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Consumer Decision Making And Aging: Current Knowledge And Future Directions, Carolyn Yoon, Catherine A. Cole, Michelle P. Lee Jan 2009

Consumer Decision Making And Aging: Current Knowledge And Future Directions, Carolyn Yoon, Catherine A. Cole, Michelle P. Lee

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We review existing knowledge about older consumers and decision making. We develop a conceptual framework that incorporates the notion of fit between individual characteristics, task demands and the contextual environment. When the fit is high, older consumers use their considerable knowledge and experience to compensate for the impact of any age-related changes in abilities and resources. When the fit is relatively low, older consumers feel increased need to adapt their decision making processes. We discuss these consumer adaptations and propose a number of research questions related to the processes underlying them in order to contribute to a better understanding of …

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The Paradox Of Victim-Centrism: Victim Participation At The Khmer Rouge Tribunal, Mahdev Mohan Jan 2009

The Paradox Of Victim-Centrism: Victim Participation At The Khmer Rouge Tribunal, Mahdev Mohan

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

It has been claimed - though not proved - that victims will be benefited by participation in international criminal tribunals. This article interrogates this claim in the context of victim participation at the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC), commonly referred to as the Khmer Rouge Tribunal. Based on interviews with Cambodian victims and Tribunal affiliates, it examines why and how the Tribunal permits victims to intervene as les parties civile, pulling together the normative and legal basis for this mode of victim participation. This article does not purport to generalize with confidence about Cambodian victims in general, …

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Law School And The Making Of The Student Into A Lawyer: Transformation Of First Year Law Students In The National University Of Singapore, Seow Hon Tan Jan 2009

Law School And The Making Of The Student Into A Lawyer: Transformation Of First Year Law Students In The National University Of Singapore, Seow Hon Tan

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This paper examines the impact of legal education and law school on the student's moral development and conception of professional identity, through an empirical study of first year law students of the Class of 2010 at the National University of Singapore. The project aims to increase consciousness of how law school remakes students and develops the moral and professional identity of future lawyers, and to facilitate a dialogue that reshapes legal education to achieve its aims. Given that legal education in Singapore is similar to that in other law schools in common law jurisdictions, the analysis is, with allowances for …

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Using Blogs As A Teaching Tool In Negotiation, Ian Macduff Jan 2009

Using Blogs As A Teaching Tool In Negotiation, Ian Macduff

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This article reports on the experimental use of blogs as a teaching tool in a course on negotiation and mediation. The blogs were of two kinds: individual journal blogs accessible only by the student author and the course instructor, and a class or collective blog, accessible by all members of the course. The use of blogs builds on the familiar use of journals as a tool for reflection and personal review and adopts the technology of online communication with which the student body is increasingly familiar and comfortable. The article reports on the student response to this development and the …

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The Boundary Of Futures Regulation: From U.K. And U.S. Judgments Regarding Commodity Forward Contracts, Christopher Chao-Hung Chen Jan 2009

The Boundary Of Futures Regulation: From U.K. And U.S. Judgments Regarding Commodity Forward Contracts, Christopher Chao-Hung Chen

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

No abstract provided.

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Investor Reaction To Women Directors, E. Kang, David K. Ding, C. Charoenwong Jan 2009

Investor Reaction To Women Directors, E. Kang, David K. Ding, C. Charoenwong

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Existing studies on women directorships present equivocal results on the association between appointing women directors and firm performance. These studies tend to focus on western countries and largely ignore investors' reactions to such appointments. This paper applies the financial event study method and finds that investors generally respond positively to the appointment of women directors in Singaporean firms. Regression analyses also reveal that investors are most receptive when the women are independent directors and are least receptive when the directors assume the CEO role. This study not only tests the theory of gender diversity in an Asian context but also …

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Political Promotion, Ceo Compensation, And Their Effect On Firm Performance, Xiaping Jerry Cao, Michael Lemmon, Gary Tian, Xiaofei Pan Jan 2009

Political Promotion, Ceo Compensation, And Their Effect On Firm Performance, Xiaping Jerry Cao, Michael Lemmon, Gary Tian, Xiaofei Pan

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We investigate the impact of CEO’s compensation-based and promotion-based incentives on firm performance in China, where the CEOs of most state-owned enterprises are government appointed and thus face dual incentives. We find that both monetary and political incentives are positively related to firm performance. More important, we pinpoint a substitution effect: the monetary compensation-based incentive is weaker when CEO incentives are heavily driven by political career concerns. Overall, the evidence suggests that, via a competitive arena in the external political job market, promotion helps mitigate weak incentives for CEOs in China. State control or political connection is not necessarily inconsistent …

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Mediating Commitments, Ian Macduff Jan 2009

Mediating Commitments, Ian Macduff

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This paper explores the implications of one aspect of intercultural theory –the dimension of power distance– in order to comment on the nature of commitments in the mediation process. The familiar model of Western ediation assumes that parties can identify core interests and negotiate around those, through prioritising, trading and balancing. At the heart of our thinking about commitments are our ideas about agency, autonomy, and accountability. However, a core implication of empirical work on power distance suggests that expectations of deference may lead some participants to avoid direct decision-making responsibility and, rather than work towards commitments, to act on …

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Text Mining In Radiology Reports, Tianxia Gong, Chew Lim Tan, Tze-Yun Leong, Cheng Kiang Lee, Boon Chuan Pang, C. C. Tchoyoson Lim, Qi Tian, Suisheng Tang, Zhuo Zhang Dec 2008

Text Mining In Radiology Reports, Tianxia Gong, Chew Lim Tan, Tze-Yun Leong, Cheng Kiang Lee, Boon Chuan Pang, C. C. Tchoyoson Lim, Qi Tian, Suisheng Tang, Zhuo Zhang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Medical text mining has gained increasing interest in recent years. Radiology reports contain rich information describing radiologist's observations on the patient's medical conditions in the associated medical images. However as most reports are in free text format, the valuable information contained in those reports cannot be easily accessed and used, unless proper text mining has been applied. In this paper we propose a text mining system to extract and use the information in radiology reports. The system consists of three main modules: a medical finding extractor a report and image retriever and a text-assisted image feature extractor In evaluation, the …

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Impact Of Elaboration On Responding To Situational Judgment Test Items, Filip Lievens, Helga Peeters Dec 2008

Impact Of Elaboration On Responding To Situational Judgment Test Items, Filip Lievens, Helga Peeters

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Although faking has been identified as a potential problem in situational judgment tests (SJTs), no studies have investigated proactive approaches for controlling faking in SJTs. Therefore, this study examined the impact of elaboration on responding to SJT items. Elaboration was operationalized as reason-giving. Two hundred and forty-seven master students were assigned to either an honest or a fake condition, and to a non-elaboration or an elaboration condition. Results showed that elaboration decreased the effect of faking for items with high familiarity. Elaboration on familiar items also decreased the percentage of fakers in the top of the distribution. Next, participants in …

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Profitability Analysis Of Chinese Listed Firms: 1992-2004, Jianjun Niu, Heng Yue, Guohua Jiang Dec 2008

Profitability Analysis Of Chinese Listed Firms: 1992-2004, Jianjun Niu, Heng Yue, Guohua Jiang

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

This research collects and analyses the profitability data of Chineselisted companies from 1992 to 2004. Results show that, on average, theprofitability of Chinese listed companies has declined over the period. Post-IPOearnings also exhibit a downward trend. A further analysis reveals that changes inlisted firms’ profitability ratio follow a strong mean reversion pattern.

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Text Cube: Computing Ir Measures For Multidimensional Text Database Analysis, Cindy Xinde Lin, Bolin Ding, Jiawei Han, Feida Zhu, Bo Zhao Dec 2008

Text Cube: Computing Ir Measures For Multidimensional Text Database Analysis, Cindy Xinde Lin, Bolin Ding, Jiawei Han, Feida Zhu, Bo Zhao

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Since Jim Gray introduced the concept of ”data cube” in 1997, data cube, associated with online analytical processing (OLAP), has become a driving engine in data warehouse industry. Because the boom of Internet has given rise to an ever increasing amount of text data associated with other multidimensional information, it is natural to propose a data cube model that integrates the power of traditional OLAP and IR techniques for text. In this paper, we propose a Text-Cube model on multidimensional text database and study effective OLAP over such data. Two kinds of hierarchies are distinguishable inside: dimensional hierarchy and term …

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Efficient Client-To-Client Password Authenticated Key Exchange, Yanjiang Yang, Feng Bao, Robert H. Deng Dec 2008

Efficient Client-To-Client Password Authenticated Key Exchange, Yanjiang Yang, Feng Bao, Robert H. Deng

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

With the rapid proliferation of client-to-client applications, PAKE (password authenticated key exchange) protocols in the client-to-client setting become increasingly important. In this paper, we propose an efficient client-to client PAKE protocol, which has much better performance than existing generic constructions. We also show that the proposed protocol is secure under a formal security model.

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Compared To What? A Comment On "A Robust Transformation Procedure For Interpreting Political Text" By Martin And Vanberg, Kenneth Benoit, Michael Laver Dec 2008

Compared To What? A Comment On "A Robust Transformation Procedure For Interpreting Political Text" By Martin And Vanberg, Kenneth Benoit, Michael Laver

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

In “A Robust Transformation Procedure,” Martin and Vanberg (2007, hereafter MV) propose a new method for rescaling the raw virgin text scores produced by the “Wordscores” procedure of Laver, Benoit, and Garry (2003, hereafter LBG). Their alternative method addresses two deficiencies they argue exist with the transformation of virgin text scores proposed by LBG: First, that the LBG transformation is sensitive to the selection of virgin texts, and second, that it distorts the reference metric by failing to recover the original reference scores when reference texts are scored and transformed as if they were virgin texts. Their proposed alternative is …

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Managerial Ownership And Firms' Information Environment, Soongsoo Han, Tony Kang, Gerald Lobo Dec 2008

Managerial Ownership And Firms' Information Environment, Soongsoo Han, Tony Kang, Gerald Lobo

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

We examine the relation between managerial stock ownership and the firm’s information environment. We focus on three dimensions of the information environment: total, public, and private information precision (Barron, Kim, Lim and Stevens 1998). Our results suggest that firms’ total and public information precision are positively related to managerial ownership. In contrast, there is no clear pattern in private information precision across different levels of managerial ownership. We also observe that managerial ownership has a greater impact on the firm’s public information environment after the implementation of Regulation Fair Disclosure, suggesting that the regulation was effective in improving the firms’ …

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Ambiguous Optimistic Fair Exchange, Qiong Huang, Guomin Yang, Duncan S. Wong, Willy Susilo Dec 2008

Ambiguous Optimistic Fair Exchange, Qiong Huang, Guomin Yang, Duncan S. Wong, Willy Susilo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Optimistic fair exchange (OFE) is a protocol for solving the problem of exchanging items or services in a fair manner between two parties, a signer and a verifier, with the help of an arbitrator which is called in only when a dispute happens between the two parties. In almost all the previous work on OFE, after obtaining a partial signature from the signer, the verifier can present it to others and show that the signer has indeed committed itself to something corresponding to the partial signature even prior to the completion of the transaction. In some scenarios, this capability given …

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Explaining Inferences In Bayesian Networks, Ghim-Eng Yap, Ah-Hwee Tan, Hwee Hwa Pang Dec 2008

Explaining Inferences In Bayesian Networks, Ghim-Eng Yap, Ah-Hwee Tan, Hwee Hwa Pang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

While Bayesian network (BN) can achieve accurate predictions even with erroneous or incomplete evidence, explaining the inferences remains a challenge. Existing approaches fall short because they do not exploit variable interactions and cannot account for compensations during inferences. This paper proposes the Explaining BN Inferences (EBI) procedure for explaining how variables interact to reach conclusions. EBI explains the value of a target node in terms of the influential nodes in the target's Markov blanket under specific contexts, where the Markov nodes include the target's parents, children, and the children's other parents. Working back from the target node, EBI shows the …

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Maximum Likelihood And Gaussian Estimation Of Continuous Time Models In Finance, Peter C. B. Phillips, Jun Yu Dec 2008

Maximum Likelihood And Gaussian Estimation Of Continuous Time Models In Finance, Peter C. B. Phillips, Jun Yu

Research Collection School Of Economics

This paper overviews maximum likelihood and Gaussian methods of estimating continuous time models used in finance. Since the exact likelihood can be constructed only in special cases, much attention has been devoted to the development of methods designed to approximate the likelihood. These approaches range from crude Euler-type approximations and higher order stochastic Taylor series expansions to more complex polynomial-based expansions and infill approximations to the likelihood based on a continuous time data record. The methods are discussed, their properties are outlined and their relative finite sample performance compared in a simulation experiment with the nonlinear CIR diffusion model, which …

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Reasonable Suspicion Or Real Likelihood: A Question Of Semantics? Re Shankar Alan S/O Anant Kulkarni, Lionel Leo, Siyuan Chen Dec 2008

Reasonable Suspicion Or Real Likelihood: A Question Of Semantics? Re Shankar Alan S/O Anant Kulkarni, Lionel Leo, Siyuan Chen

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

The law on apparent bias has been mired in some controversy following the High Court decision of Re Shankar Alan s/o Anant Kulkarni, where Sundaresh Menon J.C. seemingly departed from the tentative views of Andrew Phang J.C. (as he then was) in Tang Kin Hwa v. Traditional Chinese Medicine Practitioners Board on the issue of whether there were any material differences between the “reasonable suspicion of bias” test and the “real likelihood of bias” test, the two formulations of the test for apparent bias that have been variously adopted by different jurisdictions in the common law world. In Tang Kin …

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Global Analysis Of An Expectations Augmented Evolutionary Dynamics, Angelo Antoci, Antonio Gay, Massimiliano Landi, Pier Luigi Sacco Dec 2008

Global Analysis Of An Expectations Augmented Evolutionary Dynamics, Angelo Antoci, Antonio Gay, Massimiliano Landi, Pier Luigi Sacco

Research Collection School Of Economics

We consider a deterministic evolutionary model where players form expectations about future play. Players are not fully rational and have expectations that change over time in response to current payoffs and feedback from the past. We provide a complete characterization of the qualitative dynamics so induced for a two strategy population game, and relate our findings to standard evolutionary dynamics and equilibrium selection when agents have rational forward looking expectations.

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Cognitive Agents Integrating Rules And Reinforcement Learning For Context-Aware Decision Support, Teck-Hou Teng, Ah-Hwee Tan Dec 2008

Cognitive Agents Integrating Rules And Reinforcement Learning For Context-Aware Decision Support, Teck-Hou Teng, Ah-Hwee Tan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

While context-awareness has been found to be effective for decision support in complex domains, most of such decision support systems are hard-coded, incurring significant development efforts. To ease the knowledge acquisition bottleneck, this paper presents a class of cognitive agents based on self-organizing neural model known as TD-FALCON that integrates rules and learning for supporting context-aware decision making. Besides the ability to incorporate a priori knowledge in the form of symbolic propositional rules, TD-FALCON performs reinforcement learning (RL), enabling knowledge refinement and expansion through the interaction with its environment. The efficacy of the developed Context-Aware Decision Support (CaDS) system is …

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A Fast Pruned‐Extreme Learning Machine For Classification Problem, Hai-Jun Rong, Yew-Soon Ong, Ah-Hwee Tan, Zexuan Zhu Dec 2008

A Fast Pruned‐Extreme Learning Machine For Classification Problem, Hai-Jun Rong, Yew-Soon Ong, Ah-Hwee Tan, Zexuan Zhu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Extreme learning machine (ELM) represents one of the recent successful approaches in machine learning, particularly for performing pattern classification. One key strength of ELM is the significantly low computational time required for training new classifiers since the weights of the hidden and output nodes are randomly chosen and analytically determined, respectively. In this paper, we address the architectural design of the ELM classifier network, since too few/many hidden nodes employed would lead to underfitting/overfitting issues in pattern classification. In particular, we describe the proposed pruned-ELM (P-ELM) algorithm as a systematic and automated approach for designing ELM classifier network. P-ELM uses …

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Chosen-Ciphertext Secure Proxy Re-Encryption Without Pairing, Robert H. Deng, Jian Weng, Shengli Liu, Kefei Chen Dec 2008

Chosen-Ciphertext Secure Proxy Re-Encryption Without Pairing, Robert H. Deng, Jian Weng, Shengli Liu, Kefei Chen

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In a proxy re-encryption system, a semi-trusted proxy can convert a ciphertext originally intended for Alice into a ciphertext intended for Bob, without learning the underlying plaintext. Proxy re-encryption has found many practical applications, such as encrypted email forwarding, secure distributed file systems, and outsourced filtering of encrypted spam. In ACM CCS'07, Canetti and Hohenberger presented a proxy re-encryption scheme with chosen-ciphertext security, and left an important open problem to construct a chosen-ciphertext secure proxy re-encryption scheme without pairings. In this paper, we solve this open problem by proposing a new proxy re-encryption scheme without resort to bilinear pairings. Based …

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Thierry Apoteker On The Threat Of Global Stagflation, Knowledge@Smu Nov 2008

Thierry Apoteker On The Threat Of Global Stagflation, Knowledge@Smu

Knowledge@SMU

Managing director Thierry Apoteker and his team at French company T-A-C (Thierry Apoteker Consulting) have correctly predicted many of the economic shocks that the world has seen in the past three months. In a recent presentation hosted by the International Trading Institute, Singapore Management University, Apoteker made a convincing case for worldwide inflation and recession, known as stagflation.

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Retail Investors And Structured Products: A Case Of 'Buyer Beware'!, Knowledge@Smu Nov 2008

Retail Investors And Structured Products: A Case Of 'Buyer Beware'!, Knowledge@Smu

Knowledge@SMU

Across the globe, buyers of structured products linked to Lehman Brothers have seen their investments wiped out. In Singapore, the MAS (Monetary Authority of Singapore) has appointed an independent committee to oversee the review and resolution of customer complaints. Tan Chong Hui, professor of quantitative finance at Singapore Management University, has this advice especially for retail investors of structured products: caveat emptor or ‘buyer beware’.

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Connecting The Dots Within: Creative Performance And Identity Integration, Chi-Ying Cheng, Jeffrey Sanchez-Burks, Fion Lee Nov 2008

Connecting The Dots Within: Creative Performance And Identity Integration, Chi-Ying Cheng, Jeffrey Sanchez-Burks, Fion Lee

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

In two studies drawing from social identity theory and the creative-cognition approach, we found that higher levels of identity integration - perceived compatibility between two social identities - predict higher levels of creative performance in tasks that draw on both identity-relevant knowledge domains. Study 1 showed that Asian Americans with higher identity integration were more creative in developing new dishes using a given set of ingredients, but only when both Asian and American ingredients were available. Study 2 showed that female engineers with higher identity integration were more creative in designing a product, but only when the product was targeted …

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Model-Driven Remote Attestation: Attesting Remote System From Behavioral Aspect, Liang Gu, Xuhua Ding, Robert H. Deng, Yanzhen Zou, Bing Xie, Weizhong Shao, Hong Mei Nov 2008

Model-Driven Remote Attestation: Attesting Remote System From Behavioral Aspect, Liang Gu, Xuhua Ding, Robert H. Deng, Yanzhen Zou, Bing Xie, Weizhong Shao, Hong Mei

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Remote attestation was introduced in TCG specifications to determine whether a remote system is trusted to behave in a particular manner for a specific purpose; however, most of the existing approaches attest only the integrity state of a remote system and hence have a long way to go in achieving the above attestation objective. Behavior-based attestation and semantic attestation were recently introduced as solutions to approach the TCG attestation objective. In this paper, we extend behavior-based attestation to a model-driven remote attestation to prove that a remote system is trusted as defined by TCG. Our model-driven remote attestation verifies two …

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Modality Mixture Projections For Semantic Video Event Detection, Jialie Shen, Dacheng Tao, Xuelong Li Nov 2008

Modality Mixture Projections For Semantic Video Event Detection, Jialie Shen, Dacheng Tao, Xuelong Li

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Event detection is one of the most fundamental components for various kinds of domain applications of video information system. In recent years, it has gained a considerable interest of practitioners and academics from different areas. While detecting video event has been the subject of extensive research efforts recently, much less existing approach has considered multimodal information and related efficiency issues. In this paper, we use a subspace selection technique to achieve fast and accurate video event detection using a subspace selection technique. The approach is capable of discriminating different classes and preserving the intramodal geometry of samples within an identical …

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Profile-Guided Program Simplification For Effective Testing And Analysis, Lingxiao Jiang, Zhendong Su Nov 2008

Profile-Guided Program Simplification For Effective Testing And Analysis, Lingxiao Jiang, Zhendong Su

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Many testing and analysis techniques have been developed for inhouse use. Although they are effective at discovering defects before a program is deployed, these techniques are often limited due to the complexity of real-world code and thus miss program faults. It will be the users of the program who eventually experience failures caused by the undetected faults. To take advantage of the large number of program runs carried by the users, recent work has proposed techniques to collect execution profiles from the users for developers to perform post-deployment failure analysis. However, in order to protect users' privacy and to reduce …

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Propositional Knowledge And Know-How, John N. Williams Nov 2008

Propositional Knowledge And Know-How, John N. Williams

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

This paper is roughly in two parts. The first deals with whether know-how is constituted by propositional knowledge, as discussed primarily by Gilbert Ryle (1949) The concept of mind. London: Hutchinson, Jason Stanley and Timothy Williamson (2001). Knowing how. Journal of Philosophy, 98, pp. 411-444 as well as Stephen Hetherington (2006). How to know that knowledge-that is knowledge-how. In S. Hetherington (Ed.) Epistemology futures. Oxford: Oxford University Press. The conclusion of this first part is that know-how sometimes does and sometimes does not consist in propositional knowledge. The second part defends an analysis of know-how inspired by Katherine Hawley' (2003). …

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