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Positive Affect Improves Working Memory: Implications For Controlled Cognitive Processing, Hwajin Yang, Sujin Yang, Alice M. Isen Apr 2013

Positive Affect Improves Working Memory: Implications For Controlled Cognitive Processing, Hwajin Yang, Sujin Yang, Alice M. Isen

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

This study examined the effects of positive affect on working memory (WM) and short-term memory (STM). Given that WM involves both storage and controlled processing and that STM primarily involves storage processing, we hypothesised that if positive affect facilitates controlled processing, it should improve WM more than STM. The results demonstrated that positive affect, compared with neutral affect, significantly enhanced WM, as measured by the operation span task. The influence of positive affect on STM, however, was weaker. These results suggest that positive affect enhances WM, a task that involves controlled processing, not just storage processing. Additional analyses of recall …

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Nonparametric Testing For Asymmetric Information, Liangjun Su, Martin Spindler Apr 2013

Nonparametric Testing For Asymmetric Information, Liangjun Su, Martin Spindler

Research Collection School Of Economics

Asymmetric information is an important phenomenon in many markets and in particular in insurance markets. Testing for asymmetric information has become a very important issue in the literature in the last two decades. Almost all testing procedures that are used in empirical studies are parametric, which may yield misleading conclusions in the case of misspecification of either functional or distributional relationships among the variables of interest. Motivated by the literature on testing conditional independence, we propose a new nonparametric test for asymmetric information, which is applicable in a variety of situations. We demonstrate that the test works reasonably well through …

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A Smooth Test For The Equality Of Distributions, Anil Bera, Aurobindo Ghosh, Zhijie Xiao Apr 2013

A Smooth Test For The Equality Of Distributions, Anil Bera, Aurobindo Ghosh, Zhijie Xiao

Research Collection School Of Economics

The two-sample version of the celebrated Pearson goodness-of-fit problem has been a topic of extensive research, and several tests like the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Cramer-von Mises have been suggested. Although these tests perform fairly well ´ as omnibus tests for comparing two probability density functions (PDFs), they may have poor power against specific departures such as in location, scale, skewness, and kurtosis. We propose a new test for the equality of two PDFs based on a modified version of the Neyman smooth test using empirical distribution functions minimizing size distortion in finite samples. The suggested test can detect the specific directions …

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Testing Monotonicity In Unobservables With Panel Data, Liangjun Su, Stefan Hoderlein, Halbert White Apr 2013

Testing Monotonicity In Unobservables With Panel Data, Liangjun Su, Stefan Hoderlein, Halbert White

Research Collection School Of Economics

Monotonicity in a scalar unobservable is a crucial identifying assumption for an important class of nonparametric structural models accommodating unobserved heterogeneity. Tests for this monotonicity have previously been unavailable. This paper proposes and analyzes tests for scalar monotonicity using panel data for structures with and without time-varying unobservables, either partially or fully nonseparable between observables and unobservables. Our nonparametric tests are computationally straightforward, have well behaved limiting distributions under the null, are consistent against precisely specified alternatives, and have standard local power properties. We provide straightforward bootstrap methods for inference. Some Monte Carlo experiments show that, for empirically relevant sample …

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Collusion Set Detection Using A Quasi Hidden Markov Model, Zhengxiao Wu, Xiaoyu Wu Apr 2013

Collusion Set Detection Using A Quasi Hidden Markov Model, Zhengxiao Wu, Xiaoyu Wu

Research Collection School Of Economics

In stock market, a collusion set is defined as a group of individuals or organizations who act cooperatively with an intention of manipulating security price. Collusion-based malpractices impose large costs on the economy, but few techniques have yet been developed for collusion set detection. In this article, we propose a quasi hidden Markov model (QHMM) approach. In particular, we consider the transactions as a marked point process with hidden states, and we calculate the class conditional probabilities to identify the malicious transactions. The detection algorithms associated with the model are recursive, hence suitable for online monitoring and detection. The QHMM …

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Enabling An Integrated Rate-Temporal Learning Scheme On Memristor, Wei He, Kejie Huang, Ning Ning, Kiruthika Ramanathan, Guoqi Li, Yu Jiang, Jiayin Sze, Luping Shi, Rong Zhao, Jing Pei Apr 2013

Enabling An Integrated Rate-Temporal Learning Scheme On Memristor, Wei He, Kejie Huang, Ning Ning, Kiruthika Ramanathan, Guoqi Li, Yu Jiang, Jiayin Sze, Luping Shi, Rong Zhao, Jing Pei

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Learning scheme is the key to the utilization of spike-based computation and the emulation of neural/synaptic behaviors toward realization of cognition. The biological observations reveal an integrated spike time- and spike rate-dependent plasticity as a function of presynaptic firing frequency. However, this integrated rate-temporal learning scheme has not been realized on any nano devices. In this paper, such scheme is successfully demonstrated on a memristor. Great robustness against the spiking rate fluctuation is achieved by waveform engineering with the aid of good analog properties exhibited by the iron oxide-based memristor. The spike-time-dependence plasticity (STDP) occurs at moderate presynaptic firing frequencies …

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Circular Reranking For Visual Search, Ting Yao, Chong-Wah Ngo Apr 2013

Circular Reranking For Visual Search, Ting Yao, Chong-Wah Ngo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Search reranking is regarded as a common way to boost retrieval precision. The problem nevertheless is not trivial especially when there are multiple features or modalities to be considered for search, which often happens in image and video retrieval. This paper proposes a new reranking algorithm, named circular reranking, that reinforces the mutual exchange of information across multiple modalities for improving search performance, following the philosophy that strong performing modality could learn from weaker ones, while weak modality does benefit from interacting with stronger ones. Technically, circular reranking conducts multiple runs of random walks through exchanging the ranking scores among …

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Local Linear Gmm Estimation Of Functional Coefficient Iv Models With Application To The Estimation Of Rate Of Return To Schooling, Liangjun Su, Irina Murtazashvili, Aman Ullah Apr 2013

Local Linear Gmm Estimation Of Functional Coefficient Iv Models With Application To The Estimation Of Rate Of Return To Schooling, Liangjun Su, Irina Murtazashvili, Aman Ullah

Research Collection School Of Economics

We consider the local linear GMM estimation of functional coe cient models with a mix of discrete and continuous data and in the presence of endogenous regressors. We establish the asymptotic normality of the estimator and derive the optimal instrumental variable that minimizes the asymptotic variance-covariance matrix among the class of all local linear GMM estimators. Data-dependent bandwidth sequences are also allowed for. We propose a nonparametric test for the constancy of the functional coefficients, study its asymptotic properties under the null hypothesis as well as a sequence of local alternatives and global alternatives, and propose a bootstrap version for …

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Misrepresentation, Fiduciary Duty And Negligence: Investor Scores Rare Win In Deutsche Bank V Chang, Kee Yang Low Apr 2013

Misrepresentation, Fiduciary Duty And Negligence: Investor Scores Rare Win In Deutsche Bank V Chang, Kee Yang Low

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Law reports of the last decade are littered with unsuccessful suits by investors against their banks for negligent or unsuitable advice. Rarely do investors succeed. This is despite the wide array of courses of action available, allowing them to sue for breaches by the bank of contractual duty (in particular, through misrepresentation), duty of care, statutory duty and fiduciary duty.

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Dynamic Label Propagation In Social Networks, Juan Du, Feida Zhu, Ee Peng Lim Apr 2013

Dynamic Label Propagation In Social Networks, Juan Du, Feida Zhu, Ee Peng Lim

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Label propagation has been studied for many years, starting from a set of nodes with labels and then propagating to those without labels. In social networks, building complete user profiles like interests and affiliations contributes to the systems like link prediction, personalized feeding, etc. Since the labels for each user are mostly not filled, we often employ some people to label these users. And therefore, the cost of human labeling is high if the data set is large. To reduce the expense, we need to select the optimal data set for labeling, which produces the best propagation result. In this …

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Defining An Interlocutory Application: Opennet Pte Ltd V Ida [2013] Sgca 24, Eunice Chua Apr 2013

Defining An Interlocutory Application: Opennet Pte Ltd V Ida [2013] Sgca 24, Eunice Chua

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

No abstract provided.

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Delayed Insertion And Rule Effect Moderation Of Domain Knowledge For Reinforcement Learning, Teck-Hou Teng, Ah-Hwee Tan Apr 2013

Delayed Insertion And Rule Effect Moderation Of Domain Knowledge For Reinforcement Learning, Teck-Hou Teng, Ah-Hwee Tan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Though not a fundamental pre-requisite to efficient machine learning, insertion of domain knowledge into adaptive virtual agent is nonetheless known to improve learning efficiency and reduce model complexity. Conventionally, domain knowledge is inserted prior to learning. Despite being effective, such approach may not always be feasible. Firstly, the effect of domain knowledge is assumed and can be inaccurate. Also, domain knowledge may not be available prior to learning. In addition, the insertion of domain knowledge can frame learning and hamper the discovery of more effective knowledge. Therefore, this work advances the use of domain knowledge by proposing to delay the …

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Cross-Domain Password-Based Authenticated Key Exchange Revisited, Liqun Chen, Hoon Wei Lim, Guomin Yang Apr 2013

Cross-Domain Password-Based Authenticated Key Exchange Revisited, Liqun Chen, Hoon Wei Lim, Guomin Yang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We revisit the problem of secure cross-domain communication between two users belonging to different security domains within an open and distributed environment. Existing approaches presuppose that either the users are in possession of public key certificates issued by a trusted certificate authority (CA), or the associated domain authentication servers share a long-term secret key. In this paper, we propose a generic framework for designing four-party password-based authenticated key exchange (4PAKE) protocols. Our framework takes a different approach from previous work. The users are not required to have public key certificates, but they simply reuse their login passwords they share with …

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Getting What You Need: How Reputation And Status Affect Team Performance, Hiring, And Salaries In The Nba, Gokhan Ertug, Fabrizio Castellucci Apr 2013

Getting What You Need: How Reputation And Status Affect Team Performance, Hiring, And Salaries In The Nba, Gokhan Ertug, Fabrizio Castellucci

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

We study how the reputation and status of resource providers affect the two organizational outcomes of product quality and revenues, hiring decisions, and prices paid to resource providers. We argue that reputation and status have different effects on outcomes: reputation has a stronger effect on product quality, and status has a stronger effect on revenues. Building on this, we argue that actual quality mediates the effect of reputation on revenues more than the effect of status on revenues. Moreover, reputation and status have different effects on how organizations acquire resources: when their product quality is low relative to their aspiration …

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Team Innovation Processes: An Examination Of Activity Cycles In Creative Project Teams, Kenneth T. Goh, Paul S. Goodman, Laurie R. Weingart Apr 2013

Team Innovation Processes: An Examination Of Activity Cycles In Creative Project Teams, Kenneth T. Goh, Paul S. Goodman, Laurie R. Weingart

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This study investigates cycles of planning, enacting, and reviewing activities over time in teams engaged in creative projects. Drawing on longitudinal case studies of two interactive media development teams, two distinct cycles of planning, enacting, and reviewing activities are identified: experimentation cycles and validation cycles. Experimentation cycles are discovery-oriented processes where teams gather insights into project requirements, constraints, and design specifications through trial-and-error. Validation cycles are correction-oriented processes where teams align their output with project requirements through incremental modifications. These findings are then built on to develop testable propositions about the relationship between the duration of planning, enacting, and reviewing …

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Penchant For Property Drives Buoyant Market, Singapore Management University Mar 2013

Penchant For Property Drives Buoyant Market, Singapore Management University

Perspectives@SMU

The catch phrase “location, location, location” is often cited by the real estate industry as crucial to closing a deal. In the case of land-scarce Singapore, its citizens’ penchant for property is giving Mr Patrick Liew, CEO of real estate company HSR Property Group, much cause for optimism as he says he is “very excited” at the opportunities available in the robust property market.

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Breaking Through The Noise, Singapore Management University Mar 2013

Breaking Through The Noise, Singapore Management University

Perspectives@SMU

Today’s smartphone companies operate in a crowded and competitive environment. What can brands do to stand out?

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From Hearts And Roses To Gore And Ghouls: Student Engagement At Li Ka Shing Library, Priyanka Sharma, Joseph Kennedy Mar 2013

From Hearts And Roses To Gore And Ghouls: Student Engagement At Li Ka Shing Library, Priyanka Sharma, Joseph Kennedy

Research Collection Library

The Li Ka Shing Library at Singapore Management University, SMU, employs various techniques for student engagement. SMU students are required to attend a compulsory orientation session at the library. A large number of SMU freshmen then attend an intensive library training session as a part of their Academic Writing course. Students also get to know us within the classroom environment – where librarians go to conduct ‘in class’ library training sessions focused on the very specific information and research needs of individual courses. This interaction – even though it is formal and regulated – sets the tone for the more …

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Deckard - A Tree-Based, Scalable, And Accurate Code Clone Detection Tool (Version 1.3.1), Lingxiao Jiang, Ghassan Misherghi, Zhendong Su, Stephane Glondu Mar 2013

Deckard - A Tree-Based, Scalable, And Accurate Code Clone Detection Tool (Version 1.3.1), Lingxiao Jiang, Ghassan Misherghi, Zhendong Su, Stephane Glondu

SMU Research Data

Deckard is a tree-based, scalable, and accurate code clone detection tool. It is also capable of reporting clone-related bugs. For more information, pls refer to readme.txt. The latest version is available from Deckard repository on Github. https://github.com/skyhover/Deckard

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Regret Salience And Accountability In The Decoy Effect, Terry Connolly, Jochen Reb, Edgar E. Kausel Mar 2013

Regret Salience And Accountability In The Decoy Effect, Terry Connolly, Jochen Reb, Edgar E. Kausel

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Two experiments examined the impact on the decoy effect of making salient the possibility of post-decision regret, a manipulation that has been shown in several earlier studies to stimulate critical examination and improvement of decision process. Experiment 1 (N = 62) showed that making regret salient eliminated the decoy effect in a personal preference task. Experiment 2 (N = 242) replicated this finding for a different personal preference task and for a prediction task. It also replicated previous findings that external accountability demands do not reduce, and may exacerbate, the decoy effect. We interpret both effects in terms of decision …

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A Self-Training Framework For Automatic Identification Of Exploratory Dialogue, Zhongyu Wei, Yulan He, Simon Shum, Rebecca Ferguson, Wei Gao, Kam-Fai Wong Mar 2013

A Self-Training Framework For Automatic Identification Of Exploratory Dialogue, Zhongyu Wei, Yulan He, Simon Shum, Rebecca Ferguson, Wei Gao, Kam-Fai Wong

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

The dramatic increase in online learning materials over the last decade has made it difficult for individuals to locate information they need. Until now, researchers in the field of Learning Analytics have had to rely on the use of manual approaches to identify exploratory dialogue. This type of dialogue is desirable in online learning environments, since training learners to use it has been shown to improve learning outcomes. In this paper, we frame the problem of exploratory dialogue detection as a binary classification task, classifying a given contribution to an online dialogue as exploratory or non-exploratory. We propose a self-training …

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Robust Image Analysis With Sparse Representation On Quantized Visual Features, Bingkun Bao, Guangyu Zhu, Jialie Shen, Shuicheng Yan Mar 2013

Robust Image Analysis With Sparse Representation On Quantized Visual Features, Bingkun Bao, Guangyu Zhu, Jialie Shen, Shuicheng Yan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Recent techniques based on Sparse Representation (SR) have demonstrated promising performance on high-level visual recognition, exemplified by the high-accuracy face recognition under occlusions and other sparse corruptions [1]. Most research in this area has focused on classification algorithms using raw image pixels, and very few have been proposed to utilize the quantized visual features, such as the popular Bagof- Words (BOW) feature abstraction. In such cases, besides the inherent quantization errors, ambiguity associated with visual word assignment and mis-detection of feature points due to factors such as visual occlusions and noises, constitutes the major causes to the dense corruptions of …

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Confidence Weighted Mean Reversion Strategy For Online Portfolio Selection, Bin Li, Steven C. H. Hoi, Peilin Zhao, Vivekanand Gopalkrishnan Mar 2013

Confidence Weighted Mean Reversion Strategy For Online Portfolio Selection, Bin Li, Steven C. H. Hoi, Peilin Zhao, Vivekanand Gopalkrishnan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Online portfolio selection has been attracting increasing attention from the data mining and machine learning communities. All existing online portfolio selection strategies focus on the first order information of a portfolio vector, though the second order information may also be beneficial to a strategy. Moreover, empirical evidence shows that relative stock prices may follow the mean reversion property, which has not been fully exploited by existing strategies. This article proposes a novel online portfolio selection strategy named Confidence Weighted Mean Reversion (CWMR). Inspired by the mean reversion principle in finance and confidence weighted online learning technique in machine learning, CWMR …

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An Empirical Study On Developer Interactions In Stackoverflow, Shaowei Wang, David Lo, Lingxiao Jiang Mar 2013

An Empirical Study On Developer Interactions In Stackoverflow, Shaowei Wang, David Lo, Lingxiao Jiang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

StackOverflow provides a popular platform where developers post and answer questions. Recently, Treude et al. manually label 385 questions in StackOverflow and group them into 10 categories based on their contents. They also analyze how tags are used in StackOverflow. In this study, we extend their work to obtain a deeper understanding on how developers interact with one another on such a question and answer web site. First, we analyze the distributions of developers who ask and answer questions. We also investigate if there is a segregation of the StackOverflow community into questioners and answerers. We also perform automated text …

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The Effect Of Crm Outsourcing On Shareholder Value: A Contingency Perspective, Kalaignanam Kartik, Tarun Kushwaha, Jan-Benedict E. M. Steenkamp, Kapil R. Tuli Mar 2013

The Effect Of Crm Outsourcing On Shareholder Value: A Contingency Perspective, Kalaignanam Kartik, Tarun Kushwaha, Jan-Benedict E. M. Steenkamp, Kapil R. Tuli

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

CRM refers to processes that involve interaction with end-users or customers. The increased emphasis on CRM today stems from changes in the business environment, availability of large amounts of data and advances in information technology.Outsourcing of customer relationship management (CRM) processes is rapidly becoming a competitive imperative for firms. However, there is little evidence on why the performance implications of outsourcing CRM processes differ so much across firms. In this study, the authors examine the impact of CRM outsourcing on shareholder value. The authors draw on insights from agency theory and the resource-based view of the firm in an international …

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Flip-Invariant Sift For Copy And Object Detection, Wan-Lei Zhao, Chong-Wah Ngo Mar 2013

Flip-Invariant Sift For Copy And Object Detection, Wan-Lei Zhao, Chong-Wah Ngo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) feature has been widely accepted as an effective local keypoint descriptor for its invariance to rotation, scale, and lighting changes in images. However, it is also well known that SIFT, which is derived from directionally sensitive gradient fields, is not flip invariant. In real-world applications, flip or flip-like transformations are commonly observed in images due to artificial flipping, opposite capturing viewpoint, or symmetric patterns of objects. This paper proposes a new descriptor, named flip-invariant SIFT (or F-SIFT), that preserves the original properties of SIFT while being tolerant to flips. F-SIFT starts by estimating the dominant curl …

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Predicting Project Outcome Leveraging Socio-Technical Network Patterns, Didi Surian, Yuan Tian, David Lo, Hong Cheng, Ee Peng Lim Mar 2013

Predicting Project Outcome Leveraging Socio-Technical Network Patterns, Didi Surian, Yuan Tian, David Lo, Hong Cheng, Ee Peng Lim

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

There are many software projects started daily, some are successful, while others are not. Successful projects get completed, are used by many people, and bring benefits to users. Failed projects do not bring similar benefits. In this work, we are interested in developing an effective machine learning solution that predicts project outcome (i.e., success or failures) from developer socio-technical network. To do so, we investigate successful and failed projects to find factors that differentiate the two. We analyze the socio-technical aspect of the software development process by focusing at the people that contribute to these projects and the interactions among …

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Global Companies And Global Society: The Evolving Social Contract, Ann Florini Mar 2013

Global Companies And Global Society: The Evolving Social Contract, Ann Florini

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

Globalization, privatization, and CHANging ideas about the roles of business and government are transforming the social contract under which business is allowed to operate. Global companies are also policy-makers and public goods providers, governments seek profits through state-owned enterprises and sovereign wealth funds, and everyone is trying to figure out how to partner with everyone else. As a result of global economic and social integration, more and more of the business-society interaction has played out at a transnational rather than purely national level, involving transnational corporations, transnational civil society networks and organizations, and inter-governmental organizations. Experiments with codes of conduct, …

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Asean–Eu Relations: From Regional Integration Assistance To Security Significance?, Anja Jetschke, Clara Portela Mar 2013

Asean–Eu Relations: From Regional Integration Assistance To Security Significance?, Anja Jetschke, Clara Portela

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Situation Assessment As An Ignored Factor In The Behavioral Consistency Paradigm Underlying The Validity Of Personnel Selection Procedures, Anne Jansen, Klaus G. Melchers, Filip Lievens, Martin Kleinmann, Michael Brandli, Laura Fraefel, Cornelius J. Konig Mar 2013

Situation Assessment As An Ignored Factor In The Behavioral Consistency Paradigm Underlying The Validity Of Personnel Selection Procedures, Anne Jansen, Klaus G. Melchers, Filip Lievens, Martin Kleinmann, Michael Brandli, Laura Fraefel, Cornelius J. Konig

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This study contributes to the literature on why selection procedures that are based on the behavioral consistency logic (e. g., structured interviews and assessment centers) are valid predictors of job performance. We rely on interactionist theories to propose that individual differences in assessing situational demands explain true variance in performance in selection procedures and on the job. Results from 124 individuals in a simulated selection process showed that the assessment of situational demands was related to both selection and job performance. Individual differences in assessing situational demands also contributed to the criterion-related validity of assessment center and structured interview ratings, …

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