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Articles 1 - 25 of 25
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Ranula, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Srikamakshi Kothandaraman
Ranula, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Srikamakshi Kothandaraman
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
This article discusses Ranula, its etiopathogenesis and management options currently available. The term ranula is reserved for a bluish cystic mass found in the floor of the oral cavity. This term has been derived from the latin word “Rana” which means frog. Since the cyst resembles the bluish underbelly of a frog this is appropriate. Commonly ranula arises due to collection of saliva from sublingual salivary gland whose ductal system could have been breached due to trauma / other causes. Management of these patients varies with simple marsupialization to excision of the sublingual gland along with the cyst. This article …
Clinical Examination Techniques In Otology Edition Ii, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Clinical Examination Techniques In Otology Edition Ii, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
The e book discusses the various techniques used in the diagnosis of otological disorders
Medical Management Of Fungal Sinusitis, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Geetha Ramamoorthy
Medical Management Of Fungal Sinusitis, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Geetha Ramamoorthy
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Medical therapy constitutes an useful adjunct to surgery in the management of fungal sinusitis. Drugs used include both antifungal and steroids in the form of systemic / topical sprays. In certain cases medical treatment administered prior to surgery reduces the size of polypi making it easily operable. Commonly medical management is used during the follow up period after surgery in order to reduce the rate of recurrence. The aim of this article is to review the currently published literature in this topic.
Ophthalmic Manifestations Of Allergic Fungal Sinusitis A Retrospective Study, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Geetha Ramamoorthy
Ophthalmic Manifestations Of Allergic Fungal Sinusitis A Retrospective Study, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Geetha Ramamoorthy
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Ophthalmalogical manifestations of allergic fungal sinusitis are rather uncommon. If not identified and managed properly this could lead to disastrous consequences including blindness. This is a retrospective study involving 20 cases of allergic fungal sinusitis presented at Stanley Medical College hospital during 2009-2011. This study reveals that the commonest opthalmological manifestation was proptosis. Other ophthalmic manifestations in the descending order of frequency included epiphora, diplopia, opthalmoplegia and complete loss of vision. CT imaging from these patients revealed that all patients with orbital manifestations had erosion of lamina papyracea.
Sphenoidal Fungal Sinusitis With Intracranial Extension An Interesting Case Report, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Shanmugaram Sk
Sphenoidal Fungal Sinusitis With Intracranial Extension An Interesting Case Report, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Shanmugaram Sk
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Isolated sphenoid sinusitis is rather rare. Fungal sinusitis is common in immunocompromised patients. In this case report the authors describe an immunocompetent patient with isolated sphenoid fungal sinusitis with intracranial extension with a review of published literature. Unfavorable location and poor ventilation have been attributed as the probable factors involved in isolated sphenoid sinusitis. Considering the location of sphenoid sinus (close to skull base, optic nerve and great vessels) infections involving this sinus is fraught with dangerous complications.
Fungal Sinusitis An Overview, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Geetha Ramamoorthy
Fungal Sinusitis An Overview, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Geetha Ramamoorthy
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Fungal infections of nose and paranasal sinuses are getting common these days. Nose and paranasal sinuses being constantly exposed to environmental insults causing them to be infected. With increasing incidence of diseases like HIV and life style disorders like Diabetes Mellitus compromises host immunity, that it is no wonder that the incidence of fungal infections involving the nose and sinuses are on the rise. In addition the incidence of fungal infections in immunocompetent persons are also on the rise. This article attempts to review the published literature available on this topic concurrently along with our experience on this subject. In …
Acoustic Manometry, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Acoustic Manometry, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Acoustic manometry determines the cross sectional area of the nasal cavity as a function of distance into the nasal cavity. This provides a two dimensional picture of nasal cavity. These measurements help in objective assessment of nasal patency. Nasal patency is actually a complex issue which can involve mucosal, structural and psychological factors. It should always be borne in mind that the sensation of nasal obstruction is purely subjective and does not correlate `100% always with clinical examination findings 3. This test has been intended as an objective quantification of nasal patency.
Trephination Of Frontal Sinus, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Trephination Of Frontal Sinus, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Trephination of frontal sinus was practiced since prehistoric times. This article reviews this procedure. This procedure is still relevant even in the current nasal endoscopy era. This procedure should be learnt and practiced by all otolaryngologists as this could provide instant relief in acute frontal sinus infections.
Impedance Audiometry, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Impedance Audiometry, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Impedance audiometry is used to assess the status of ear drum and middle ear cavity. This test also helps in the assessment of acoustic reflex pathway which include 7th, 8th cranial nerves and brain stem. This test should not be totally relied to assess the sensitivity of hearing of an individual, but always should be viewed in conjunction with pure tone audiometry.
Malignant Otitis Externa A Review Of Current Literature Difficult To Diagnose And Troublesome To Treat, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Malignant Otitis Externa A Review Of Current Literature Difficult To Diagnose And Troublesome To Treat, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Malignant otitis externa is a severe debilitating disorder that involves the external auditory canal. The term “Malignant Otitis Externa” is actually a misnomer. It has been coined to indicate the destructive capabilities of this disorder. This article discusses etiopathogenesis, diagnostic problems and various management modalities available to manage the same
Clinical Examination Techniques In Otology, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Clinical Examination Techniques In Otology, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
This manuscript discusses the importance of clinical examination in the diagnosis of otological disorders. The art of clinical examination combined with accurate history taking by the surgeon invariably points to the correct diagnosis in otology. It is worth while spending time examining the patient in a systematic manner. This article describes the clinical examination techniques used in examining an otological patient.
Eprints - The Complete Installation Manual For A Novice, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Eprints - The Complete Installation Manual For A Novice, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
This is the most complete installation manual of the installation process of eprints the most popular institutional repository software written with the novice in mind.
A Cheesy Affair! - Report Of A Case Of An Epidermoid Cyst Of Parotid, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Srikamakshi Kothandaraman
A Cheesy Affair! - Report Of A Case Of An Epidermoid Cyst Of Parotid, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Srikamakshi Kothandaraman
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
This article is a report of a case of epidermoid cyst of the deep lobe of the left parotid, being reported and described for the benefit of the readers in view of the rarity of the condition.
Neck Space Infections A Case Series Study, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Yahia Basith
Neck Space Infections A Case Series Study, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Yahia Basith
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
This article is about the cases of neck space infections presented to the department of E.N.T and HEAD & NECK surgery of Govt.stanley medical college, during a two month period of 15th November 2011to 15th January 2012. Out of the 8 cases presented to the department, 2 cases were of tuberculous cold abscess. Five cases treated with I&D of which two cases needed preliminary tracheostomy.
Eprints Below Upwards (The Manual That Was Missed), Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Eprints Below Upwards (The Manual That Was Missed), Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
As a person who is passionate in academic transmission of knowledge I found it really important to have a repository where scholarly publications could be archived and easily retrieved. My Institution / University does not have any such archiving facilities. I sought the advice of my teacher (who else other than google) which gave me some options of softwares which could be installed in a website. After a thorough research I found Eprint software fitted the billing to the core. On top of it it came free as it was open source. As with all open source software this software …
Grisel Syndrome A Review, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Geetha Ramamoorthy
Grisel Syndrome A Review, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Geetha Ramamoorthy
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Grisel syndrome is defined as atlanto-axial subluxation following infections of upper airway. These patients present with torticollis which is persistent. Radiology is normal in these patients. This is actually a sinister problem which should always be kept in mind before taking up a patient for adenotonsillectomy. Subclinical subluxation of atlanto-axial joint may become overt causing brain stem compression following adenotonsillectomy surgery. This actually occurs because the paraspinal muscles are relaxed (due to the use of muscle relaxants) during the procedure. The actual position of tonsillectomy (Rose position) aggravates this condition. This article attempts to explore this problem with a review …
Proptosis Due To Otolaryngology Causes A Study, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Srikamakshi Kothandaraman
Proptosis Due To Otolaryngology Causes A Study, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Srikamakshi Kothandaraman
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Proximity of orbit to nose and paranasal sinuses makes it rather vulnerable to insults due to otolaryngological causes. The medial wall of orbit (Lamina papyracea) is rather paper thin and it happens to form the lateral wall of anterior ethmoid air cells. Infections / tumors involving paranasal sinuses can involve orbit also causing proptosis. The aim of the article is to study the common otolaryngological causes of proptosis in our Institution during 2009 – 2012.
Odontogenic Cysts Of Upper Jaw An Analysis, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Odontogenic Cysts Of Upper Jaw An Analysis, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
This article attempts to analyze all cases of odontogenic cysts involving upper jaw who presented at Stanley Medical college during 2007 – 2012. This article analyzes the incidence of these cysts during the above said period, age of occurence, sex prediliction if any, clinical presentations and optimal treatment modality. Common complaints with which patients presented to our Institution was swelling over jaw, next was loosening of dentition, paresthesia. 30 patients had presented with cysts involving upper jaw out of which 29 were females and one was male. All these patients underwent surgical removal of the cystic lesion.
Pleomorphic Adenoma Hard Palate A Case Report And Literature Review, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Pleomorphic Adenoma Hard Palate A Case Report And Literature Review, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Pleomorphic adenoma is the common salivary gland tumour encountered. Most of these tumours occur in major salivary glands; Parotid gland happens to be the commonly involved one. This case report discusses a case of intraoral salivary gland tumour (in the hard palate). This case report discusses a case of pleomorphic adenoma of hard palate with a review of corresponding world literature. Even though these tumours are painless and slow growing ones, it is important to identify these cases rather early and extirpate them totally.
Fracture Nasal Bones, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Venkatesan Ulaganathan
Fracture Nasal Bones, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Venkatesan Ulaganathan
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Nose is the most prominent part of the face, hence it is likely to be the most common structure to be injured in the face. Although fractures involving the nasal bones are very common, it is often ignored by the patient. Patients with fractures of nasal bone will have deformity, tenderness, haemorrhage, edema, ecchymosis, instability, and crepitation. These features may be present in varying combinations. This article discusses the pathophysiology of these fractures, role of radiography and ultrasound in their diagnosis and their management.
Fracture Zygoma And Its Management Our Experience, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Seethalakshmi Narashiman, Karthikeyan Arjunan
Fracture Zygoma And Its Management Our Experience, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, Seethalakshmi Narashiman, Karthikeyan Arjunan
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Zygoma is a very crucial component which maintains facial contour. Fractures involving zygoma is very common, in fact it is the second most common facial bone to the fractured following facial trauma (next only to nasal bones). Fractures involving maxilla not only creates cosmetic deformities, it also causes disruption of ocular and mandibular functions too. This article attempts to discuss in detail the etiopathogenesis and the various management options available. It also includes our 3 years experience in treating these patients at Stanley Medical College Chennai. During the period of 3 years between 2010 - 2012 about 82 patients got …
Fracture Frontal Bone And Its Management, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Fracture Frontal Bone And Its Management, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Fractures involving frontal bone are rather uncommon. Injuries to this bone is rather critical because of its proximity to brain. This article attempts to discuss this topic with focus its prevalence, its causes and various treatment modalities available. Three crucial areas need to be addressed. They include anterior table, posterior table and frontal sinus outflow tract. Posterior table fractures are usually associated with anterior table fractures and CSF leak. Hence these patients should be treated as head injury cases
Faciomaxillary Trauma An Update, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Faciomaxillary Trauma An Update, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
This supplement of otolaryngology online journal covers the topic of Faciomaxillary trauma. Topics covered include fractures involving nasal bones, zygoma, maxilla and frontal bones. The entire discussion is from the perspective of otolaryngologist.
Ramsay Hunt Syndrome A Case Report And Review Of Literature, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Ramsay Hunt Syndrome A Case Report And Review Of Literature, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
This is a case report of a rather rare disorder i.e. Ramsay Hunt syndrome. This is caused by Varicella zoster infections involving geniculate ganglion of facial nerve. This syndrome is manifested by the presence of blebs in the external auditory canal, ear ache, and lower motor neurone type of facial paralysis. This patient had excellent recovery following administration of oral steroids and acyclovir.
Eosinophilic Otitis Media A Literature Review, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Eosinophilic Otitis Media A Literature Review, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Balasubramanian Thiagarajan
Eosinophilic otitis media is actually a recent introduction. These patients may manifest with sudden hearing loss. There may be associated bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis. Diagnostic criteria of this condition are rather vague. A review of literature shows that demonstration of eosinophils in the middle ear secretion of these patients could be considered to be pathognomonic of this condition.