Digital Commons Network^™

Electronic Security Systems (Esss) In Academic Libraries, Rima Nath

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The present paper studies the variety of Electronic Security Systems available for the library environment, including its technological components. The study also includes the positive influence of a security system to secure the library’s day-to-day activities. The opportunities and challenges have also been discussed that influence the implementation of Electronic Security Systems to improve the library facilitates.

Use Of Ict In Curbing Gender Inequality And Improving Women Empowerment, Fehintoluwa E. Omosebi ., Olayode Motunrayo Librarian I

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Abstract

The nature of Nigerian society is characterized with male domination, irrespective of women’s effort, they seems to be always under appreciated. The emergence of ICT has given a ray of light and comes with lot of promising solution to this inequality, more reason why emphasis has been laid on women empowerment because they are most times at the receiving end of gender inequality. The objective of this study is to explain how ICT can help reduce gender inequality and how women can be empowered through the use of ICT. Although ICTs evidently can play an important role in Nigerian …

An Appraisal Of E-Health Information Literacy Of Students, Gurpreet Singh, Preeti Sharda Dr., Sanjay Chandwani, Nirmal Singh

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Health Information Literacy (HIL) is the competence to make sound health decisions in context of everyday life, which is pivotal in abridging illness and wellness. While the emergent Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have facilitated access to information to users’ palms, the bewildering nature of abundance of information available makes it difficult for users’ to decide which information is to be trusted and which is to be ignored. Thus, HIL in contemporary electronic era assumes more significance to have a healthy global society. The present study was conducted for desideratum of e-Health Information Literacy skills of college students, to …

Exploring The Impact Of Field-Based Supervision Practices In Teaching For Social Justice, Detra Price-Dennis, Erica Colmenares

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

The purpose of this study is to understand how field-based supervisory practices support preservice teachers’ conceptualizations of reflective practice, curriculum inquiry, and social justice-oriented pedagogies. Moving away from the more traditional supervisory triad model (e.g., preservice student--cooperating teacher--university supervisor), our qualitative investigation examined five supervisory practices: formal observation, Lesson Study, video debriefs/observations, guided observations, and participation in Intellectual Learning Communities (ILCs). Through a case study of two preservice teachers, this study highlights how these supervisory practices helped support preservice teachers’ notions of reflective practice and curriculum inquiry but did not deepen their notions of social justice and inclusivity.

Peer Motivation: Getting Through Math Together, Jessica Mean, Wes Maciejewski

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Students have a complex relationship with mathematics. Some love it, but more often than not, the feelings are less favorable. These feelings can lead to decreased motivation which makes it difficult for students to engage with the subject as the semester progresses. Instructors also have difficulty addressing this waning motivation. In this paper, we claim peers are better able to connect with the students and this can be leveraged to better motivate students. We present an approach to having peers motivate their students. These peer interactions integrated with a mandatory mathematics course might improve students’ motivation.

Memorial: Yvonne Jeannette Chandler (1957–2020): Mentor, Michele A.L. Villagran

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

Conservative Clothing Effects On Body Composition Assessment By Air Displacement Plethysmography, Shaun L. Orvell, Kasuen Mauldin, John Gieng

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(4): 687-695, 2021. Form-fitting spandex swimsuits or single-layer compression shorts are recommended during BOD POD® testing to ensure accurate results. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of various outfit types on body composition measurements using the BOD POD®, and self-reported comfort level wearing each outfit. Twenty-one participants, 8 females and 13 males, (age 31.6 ± 9.8 years) wore a spandex swim cap and three different outfits during BOD POD® testing (manufacturer-recommended form-fitting spandex swimsuit, short sleeve spandex, long sleeve spandex). Measured variables include body mass, body fat percentage, body volume, and …

The Moderating Effect Of Self-Efficacy On The Relationship Between Telecommuting And Turnover Intentions, Samantha Mei-Li Scoppettone

Master's Theses

In recent years, telecommuting has become a popular working arrangement. While many studies have examined various outcomes of telecommuting such as turnover intentions, there is limited literature around potential moderators of the relationship of telecommuting and turnover intentions. The present study examined the relationship between telecommuting intensity and turnover intentions and explored occupational self-efficacy as a potential moderator. It was hypothesized that occupational self-efficacy would moderate the positive relationship between telecommuting intensity and turnover intentions, meaning that the relationship would be stronger for those with lower levels of occupational self-efficacy than those with higher levels of occupational self-efficacy. A total …

Through The Eyes Of Community Educators: Place-Based Learning, Equitable Access, And Covid-19 Impacts On Outdoor Environmental Education In The San Francisco Bay Area, Alycia Ellington

Master's Theses

Not all children receive adequate education, nor do they have the opportunity to go beyond the four walls of a classroom for learning opportunities. Outdoor environmental education with place-based learning frameworks aims to fully immerse students in nature, while strengthening the connection between schools and communities. This study examines the outdoor environmental education programs of nine agriculture-centered community organizations in the San Francisco Bay Area. Through twenty-one key informant interviews, I assess three essential areas: 1) promotion of environmental literacy and place-based learning, 2) facilitation of equitable access to educational programs, and 3) adaptation of those programs for distance learning …

An Examination Of Factors Influencing National Reputation Of India Among South Asians On Social Media, Nisha Garud-Patkar

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Social media play a central role in governments’ communication with foreign citizens, but little is done to understand how such platforms build national reputation. To fill this research gap, the study examines online engagement, online social relations, and information use that predict national reputation in the social media context. National reputation is examined through a survey of 387 South Asian social media followers of the Indian government. Results show that online engagement of users with the Indian government and their information use related to India are positively associated with national reputation. However, users’ online social relations with Indians is negatively …

Typology Emerges From Simplicity In Representations And Learning, Dakotah Lambert, Jonathan Rawski, Jeffrey Heinz

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

We derive well-understood and well-studied subregular classes of formal languages purely from the computational perspective of algorithmic learning problems. We parameterise the learning problem along dimensions of representation and inference strategy. Of special interest are those classes of languages whose learning algorithms are necessarily not prohibitively expensive in space and time, since learners are often exposed to adverse conditions and sparse data. Learned natural language patterns are expected to be most like the patterns in these classes, an expectation supported by previous typological and linguistic research in phonology. A second result is that the learning algorithms presented here are completely …

The Americanization Of Sport For Development And Peace: Examining American Sdp Intern Experiences, Michael S. Dao, Jessica W. Chin

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

This study expands the Sport for Development and Peace (SDP) research focusing on the impact of national values and ideas on SDP program implementation. As SDP interns are instrumental in implementing many SDP programs, it is important to identify how their national values and ideas affect their work in the field. The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine the experiences of Americans who had worked as SDP interns. Through the lens of Americanization, we examine the reproduction and distribution of values and ideas of American SDP interns working abroad. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 11 former American SDP …

The Dialectic Of Presence And Interpretation In Everyday Aesthetics: Applying Heidegger And Gumbrecht To A Walk In One’S Neighborhood, Thomas Leddy

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Gumbrecht’s Heidegger-inspired book, Production of Presence, provides valuable tools for resolving issues in everyday aesthetics. Gumbrecht distinguishes between “presence cultures” and “interpretation cultures.” (Gumbrecht 2004) We live in an interpretation culture, and yet even in our culture there are presence effects. Gumbrecht understands aesthetic experience in terms of the idea of presence. His paradigms are great works of art and great athletic events, all of which take us away from the everyday. I argue that his theory can be adapted, ironically, to everyday aesthetics, in particular to the experience of taking a walk. Much of what we experience aesthetically while …

Sent Out Or Sent Home: Understanding Racial Disparities Across Suspension Types From Critical Race Theory And Quantcrit Perspectives, Yolanda Anyon, Kathryn Wiley, Ceema Samimi, Miguel Trujillo

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Although in-school suspensions may be viewed as less severe than out-of-school suspensions, both discipline consequences limit students’ access to learning opportunities and are negatively associated with a range of educational outcomes. Moreover, if sending students out of class perpetuates the same racial disparities as sending them home, this practice does not realize the equity goals of discipline reforms over the last decade. Our study draws on Critical Race Theory and QuantCrit to understand racial discipline gaps across in-school and out-of-school suspensions using data from students and schools in one large district. Results of multilevel regression models indicate similar racial disparities …

A Theory Of Reciting As Asian American Buddhist Practice: The Young Buddhist Editorial As A Discursive Site Of Recitation, Funie Hsu

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

This article contributes a theory of reciting as Asian American Buddhist practice. I argue that when Asian American Buddhists share their stories and experiences, they perform a critical form of religious reciting. This reciting articulates the reality of Asian American Buddhist existence amidst ongoing legacies of exclusion. It displaces the predominance of narratives about Asian American Buddhists told by others. Moreover, reciting forges networks of knowledge, recognition, and sangha amongst Asian American Buddhists. This article then investigates the recently established web platform, The Young Buddhist Editorial (YBE), as an example of the layered reciting practices amongst young Asian American Buddhists. …

The Damage Throttling Number Of A Graph, Joshua Carlson, Robin Eagleton, Jesse Geneson, John Petrucci, Carolyn Reinhart, Preetul Sen

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

The cop throttling number of a graph, introduced in 2018 by Breen et al., optimizes the balance between the number of cops used and the number of rounds required to catch the robber in a game of Cops and Robbers. In 2019, Cox and Sanaei studied a variant of Cops and Robbers in which the robber tries to occupy (or damage) as many vertices as possible and the cop tries to minimize this damage. They investigated the minimum number of vertices damaged by the robber over all games played on a given graph G, called the damage number of G. …

A Codex Of N-And P-Positions In Harary’S ‘Caterpillar Game’, Richard M. Low, Ardak Kapbasov, Arman Kapbasov, Stephen C. Locke, W. H. Chan

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Frank Harary proposed the following game: Given a caterpillar C, two players take turns removing edges of a path. The player who takes the last edge wins the game. In this paper, we completely characterize the N-and P-positions for all caterpillars with spine length zero, one, two and three. Furthermore, we analyze approximately 94% of the caterpillars with spine length greater than or equal to four. In those cases, they all turn out to be N-positions.

Flight Crew Alertness And Sleep Relative To Timing Of In-Flight Rest Periods In Long-Haul Flights, Kevin B. Gregory, Rhiannon N. Soriano-Smith, Amanda C.M. Lamp, Cassie J. Hilditch, Michael J. Rempe, Erin E. Flynn-Evans, Gregory L. Belenky

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

BACKGROUND: In-flight breaks are used during augmented long-haul flight operations, allowing pilots a sleep opportunity. The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration duty and rest regulations restrict the pilot flying the landing to using the third rest break. It is unclear how effective these restrictions are on pilots’ ability to obtain sleep. We hypothesized there would be no difference in self-reported sleep, alertness, and fatigue between pilots taking the second vs. third rest breaks. METHODS: Pilots flying augmented operations in two U.S.-based commercial airlines were eligible for the study. Volunteers completed a survey at top-of-descent (TOD), including self-reported in-flight sleep duration, and …

Observations Of Sweep–Ejection Dynamics For Heat And Momentum Fluxes During Wildland Fires In Forested And Grassland Environments, Warren E. Heilman, Tirtha Banerjee, Craig B. Clements, Kenneth L. Clark, Shiyuan Zhong, Xindi Bian

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

The vertical turbulent transfer of heat and momentum in the lower atmospheric boundary layer is accom-plished through intermittent sweep, ejection, outward interaction, and inward interaction events associated with turbulent updrafts and downdrafts. These events, collectively referred to as sweep–ejection dynamics, have been studied extensively in forested and nonforested environments and reported in the literature. However, little is known about the sweep–ejection dynamics that occur in response to turbulence regimes induced by wildland fires in forested and nonforested environments. This study attempts to fill some of that knowledge gap through analyses of turbulence data previously collected during three wildland (prescribed) fires …

Predicting Question Deletion And Assessing Question Quality In Social Q&A Sites Using Weakly Supervised Deep Neural Networks, Souvick Ghosh

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Community question answering (CQA) sites, which use the power of collective knowledge, have emerged as popular destinations for complex and personalized questions that require human-human interactions and multiple rounds of clarifications between the asker and the answerer. In this paper, we undertook a threefold task: First, we developed a deep neural network model to automatically predict the questions that are likely to be deleted by the moderators. Second, we hypothesized that there exists a relationship between the question quality and its probability of being deleted by the forum moderators. We developed a deep model using deleted questions and used it …

"Do Users Need Human-Like Conversational Agents?" - Exploring Conversational System Design Using Framework Of Human Needs, Souvick Ghosh, Satanu Ghosh

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

The fascinating story of human evolution can be attributed to our ability to speak, write, and communicate complex thoughts. When researchers envision a perfect, artificially intelligent conversational system, they want the system to be human-like. In other words, the system should converse with the same intellect and cognition as humans. Now, the question which we need to ask is if we need a human-like conversational system? Before we engage in the complex endeavor of implementing human-like characteristics, we should debate if the pursuit of such a system is logical and ethical. We analyze some of the system-level characteristics and discuss …

A New Dataset For Smartphone Gesture-Based Authentication, Elliu Huang, Fabio Di Troia, Mark Stamp, Preethi Sundaravaradhan

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

In this paper, we consider the problem of authentication on a smartphone, based on gestures. Specifically, the gestures consist of users holding a smartphone while writing their initials in the air. Accelerometer data from 80 subjects was collected and we provide a preliminary analysis of this data using machine learning techniques. The machine learning techniques considered include principal component analysis (PCA) and support vector machines (SVM). The results presented here are intended to provide a baseline for additional research based on our dataset.

Malware Classification With Word Embedding Features, Aparna Sunil Kale, Fabio Di Troia, Mark Stamp

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Malware classification is an important and challenging problem in information security. Modern malware classification techniques rely on machine learning models that can be trained on features such as opcode sequences, API calls, and byte n-grams, among many others. In this research, we consider opcode features. We implement hybrid machine learning techniques, where we engineer feature vectors by training hidden Markov models—a technique that we refer to as HMM2Vec—and Word2Vec embeddings on these opcode sequences. The resulting HMM2Vec and Word2Vec embedding vectors are then used as features for classification algorithms. Specifically, we consider support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbor (k-NN), random …

Malware Classification Using Long Short-Term Memory Models, Dennis Dang, Fabio Di Troia, Mark Stamp

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Signature and anomaly based techniques are the quintessential approaches to malware detection. However, these techniques have become increasingly ineffective as malware has become more sophisticated and complex. Researchers have therefore turned to deep learning to construct better performing model. In this paper, we create four different long-short term memory (LSTM) based models and train each to classify malware samples from 20 families. Our features consist of opcodes extracted from malware executables. We employ techniques used in natural language processing (NLP), including word embedding and bidirection LSTMs (biLSTM), and we also use convolutional neural networks (CNN). We find that a model …

Malware Classification With Gmm-Hmm Models, Jing Zhao, Samanvitha Basole, Mark Stamp

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Discrete hidden Markov models (HMM) are often applied to malware detection and classification problems. However, the continuous analog of discrete HMMs, that is, Gaussian mixture model-HMMs (GMM-HMM), are rarely considered in the field of cybersecurity. In this paper, we use GMM-HMMs for malware classification and we compare our results to those obtained using discrete HMMs. As features, we consider opcode sequences and entropy-based sequences. For our opcode features, GMM-HMMs produce results that are comparable to those obtained using discrete HMMs, whereas for our entropy-based features, GMM-HMMs generally improve significantly on the classification results that we have achieved with discrete HMMs.

Proton Pump Inhibitors And Chronic Kidney Disease: Reevaluating The Evidence From A Randomized Controlled Trial, B. Burt Gerstman

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

No abstract provided.

On The Edge Irregular Reflexive Labeling Of Corona Product Of Graphs With Path, Kooi Kuan Yoong, Roslan Hasni, Muhammad Irfan, Ibrahim Taraweh, Ali Ahmad, Sin Min Lee

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

We define a total k-labeling (Formula presented.) of a graph G as a combination of an edge labeling (Formula presented.) and a vertex labeling (Formula presented.) such that (Formula presented.) if (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.) if (Formula presented.) where (Formula presented.) The total k-labeling (Formula presented.) is called an edge irregular reflexive k-labeling of G if every two different edges has distinct edge weights, where the edge weight is defined as the summation of the edge label itself and its two vertex labels. Thus, the smallest value of k for which the graph G has the edge irregular reflexive …

Degrees Of Support: State Spending On Higher Education And Public Postsecondary Degrees Across State Legislatures, 2005 And 2014, Kristen Shorette, Megan Thiele, Catherine Bolzendahl

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

U.S. state spending on higher education represents a sizable, but highly variable, portion of budget expenditures. Preliminary research supports a positive relationship between the percentage of state legislators who hold public degrees and state funding for higher education. In this study, the authors test whether this finding is consistent over time by using panel modeling to analyze the educational compositions of state legislatures in 2005 and 2014. Generalized least squares regression models with robust standard errors clustered by state- and year-specific intercepts indicate a significantly positive relationship between the proportion of publicly educated state legislators and state spending on higher …

Almost All Permutation Matrices Have Bounded Saturation Functions, Jesse Geneson

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Saturation problems for forbidden graphs have been a popular area of research for many decades, and recently Brualdi and Cao initiated the study of a saturation problem for 0-1 matrices. We say that a 0-1 matrix A is saturating for the forbidden 0-1 matrix P if A avoids P but changing any zero to a one in A creates a copy of P . Define sat(n, P ) to be the minimum possible number of ones in an n × n 0-1 matrix that is saturating for P . Fulek and Keszegh proved that for every 0-1 matrix P, either …

Extensible Embedded Processor For Convolutional Neural Networks, Joshua Misko, Shrikant S. Jadhav, Youngsoo Kim

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) require significant computing power during inference. Smart phones, for example, may not run a facial recognition system or search algorithm smoothly due to the lack of resources and supporting hardware. Methods for reducing memory size and increasing execution speed have been explored, but choosing effective techniques for an application requires extensive knowledge of the network architecture. This paper proposes a general approach to preparing a compressed deep neural network processor for inference with minimal additions to existing microprocessor hardware. To show the benefits to the proposed approach, an example CNN for synthetic aperture radar target classification …