Digital Commons Network^™

Racial Bias In Risk Allocation And Resource Utilisation: A Contributing Factor To Ethnic Minority Overrepresentation In Missing Person Investigations?, Amy Van Langeraad, Fiona Gabbert, Adrian J. Scott

International Journal of Missing Persons

Statistics from the National Crime Agency reveal that people from ethnic minority backgrounds are over-represented within the missing population in the United Kingdom, and previous archival studies have shown there is a discrepancy in the recovery of ethnic minority missing persons compared to White missing persons. A wider body of research shows that racial bias is prevalent in the criminal justice system and law enforcement, resulting in different outcomes for victims depending on their racial background. Such outcomes have yet to be examined in the context of missing persons. Therefore, this study tries to address this gap in the literature …

Gait Measurement Descriptions Of Human Tracks, Robert Speiden

International Journal of Missing Persons

Search and rescue missions use a variety of tools to find missing persons, one of which can be visual tracking. Trackers detect, interpret and document information about human contact with the ground. Humans typically move on two feet at various speeds. Movement as an obligate biped leaves a series of footprints that alternates from one side to the other. This pattern of footfalls is rather simple, and the footfalls can be easily divided into descriptive dimensions.

This work summarized published measurements of bipedal gait ground contact points in 70 resources. Four resource types were surveyed including 33 biomechanical gait analysis …

Spartan Daily, November 7, 2024, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2024

Volume 163, Issue 33

Spartan Daily, November 6, 2024, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2024

Volume 163, Issue 32

Spartan Daily, November 5, 2024, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2024

Volume 163, Issue 31

Using Virtual Learning Labs To (Re)Mediate Exclusionary Discipline Practices For Young Children Of Color With Disabilities, Saili Kulkarni, Sunyoung Kim, Nicola Holdman

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Disabled children of color (ages 3-8) face multiple, intersecting oppressions in schools and are more likely to be excluded and/or harshly punished for minor behavioral issues compared to white and/or non-disabled peers. Approaches that center multiple stakeholders (families, teachers, and administrators) using a formative intervention called a Learning Lab (LL) have worked to reduce discipline disparities among secondary and upper primary students of color with disabilities (Bal, 2016). Knowing that discipline disparities can start as early as preschool (Kulkarni et al., 2021), however, we examined how LL (re)mediates exclusionary and harsh discipline practices for young children of color with disabilities. …

Quantitative Label-Free Digital Holographic Imaging Of Cardiomyocyte Optical Volume, Nucleation, And Cell Division, Herman Huang, Sangsoon Park, Ines Ross, Joseph Moreno, Sheamin Khyeam, Jacquelyn Simmons, Guo N. Huang, Alexander Y. Payumo

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Cardiac regeneration in newborn rodents depends on the ability of pre-existing cardiomyocytes to proliferate and divide. This capacity is lost within the first week of postnatal development when these cells rapidly switch from hyperplasia to hypertrophy, withdraw from the cell cycle, become binucleated, and increase in size. How these dynamic changes in cell size and nucleation impact cardiomyocyte proliferative potential is not well understood. In this study, we innovate the application of a commercially available digital holographic imaging microscope, the Holomonitor M4, to evaluate the proliferative responses of mononucleated and binucleated cardiomyocytes after CHIR99021 treatment, a model proliferative stimulus. This …

Emotional Intelligence And Happiness: Varied Perspectives Of Supervisors And Employees, Lisa Martin, Michele A.L. Villagran, Savannah Cragin

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

This study uses a mixed-methods approach to examine the relationship between emotional intelligence and happiness in administrators and managers within academic libraries and how they relate to the experiences of individual contributor employees. Emotional intelligence is often viewed by library administrators as a critical element in promoting positive workplaces, especially for those employees who have supervisory or administrative responsibilities. Happiness, while rarely considered as such, is more often seen in the inverse - concern about low morale and toxic workplaces - and is thus another critical element. Data from this study shows that administrators and managers self-report higher levels of …

Genie: Enhancing Information Management In The Restaurant Industry Through Ai-Powered Chatbot, Megha Gupta, Venkatasai Dheekonda, Mohammad Masum

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

In the dynamic restaurant industry, we introduce "Genie," an AI-powered chatbot, represents an advancement in customer service efficiency through technological innovation. Designed to enhance restaurant operations including order processing, reservations, and FAQs management, Genie leverages advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques. By converting input queries into word embeddings and applying a sophisticated tag classification system, Genie precisely interprets customer intents and generates accurate responses, thereby markedly improving the dining experience. Our thorough examination of various word embeddings and classifiers—Word2Vec, Glove, BERT, Gaussian Naive Bayes, XGB, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), and Recurrent Neural Networks—revealed that the combination of Word2Vec and ANN …

Case Study: Impact Analysis Of Roof-Top Green Infrastructure On Urban System Sustainability In San José, Ca, Indumathi Jeyachandran, Juneseok Lee

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

This paper presents results from a case study focusing on analyzing impacts of Green Infrastructure (GI) on sensible and latent heat fluxes, urban microclimate and the subsequent water–energy nexus components of an urban infrastructure system. The case study, focusing on the campus of a public university in San José, CA, aimed to quantify the pre- and post-conditions for a hypothetical GI implementation, which is in support of San José State University’s (SJSU) robust sustainability initiatives, which are also aligned with Silicon Valley’s broader strategic goals. The results revealed that a reduction of 0.3 °C in the average daily peak maximum …

Spartan Daily, October 31, 2024, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2024

Volume 163, Issue 30

Spartan Daily, October 30, 2024, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2024

Volume 163, Issue 29

Spartan Daily, October 29, 2024, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2024

Volume 163, Issue 28

Scale-Dependent Drivers Of Air-Sea Co2 Flux Variability, Amanda R. Fay, Dustin Carroll, Galen A. Mckinley, Dimitris Menemenlis, Hong Zhang

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

In climate studies, it is crucial to distinguish between changes caused by natural variability and those resulting from external forcing. Here we use a suite of numerical experiments based on the ECCO-Darwin ocean biogeochemistry model to separate the impact of the atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) growth rate and climate on the ocean carbon sink — with a goal of disentangling the space-time variability of the dominant drivers. When globally integrated, the variable atmospheric growth rate and climate exhibit similar magnitude impacts on ocean carbon uptake. At local scales, interannual variability in air-sea CO2 flux is dominated by climate. The implications …

Spartan Daily, October 24, 2024, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2024

Volume 163, Issue 27

Spartan Daily, October 23, 2024, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2024

Volume 163, Issue 26

Spartan Daily, October 22, 2024, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2024

Volume 163, Issue 25

Nitrogen Isotope Homogenization Of Dissolved Ammonium With Depth And 15N Enrichment Of Ammonium During Incorporation Into Expandable Layer Silicates In Organic-Rich Marine Sediment From Guaymas Basin, Gulf Of California, Toshiro Yamanaka, Arisa Sakamoto, Kanon Kiyokawa, Jaeguk Jo, Yuji Onishi, Yoshihiro Kuwahara, Ji Hoon Kim, Lucie C. Pastor, Andreas Teske, Daniel Lizarralde, Tobias W. Höfig, Ivano W. Aiello, Jeanine L. Ash, Diana P. Bojanova, Martine D. Buatier, Virginia P. Edgcomb, Christophe Y. Galerne, Swanne Gontharet, Verena B. Heuer

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Sedimentary nitrogen isotopic ratios are used as a proxy for ancient biogeochemical cycles on Earth's surface. It is generally accepted that sediment hole tops record primary signatures because organic nitrogen (ON) is predominant in this part of the hole. In contrast to such early to middle diagenetic stages, it is well known that heavier nitrogen isotope 15N tends to enrich in sedimentary rocks during later diagenetic and metamorphic stages. However, there are some critical gaps in our understanding of nitrogen isotopic alteration associated with abiotic processes during early-middle diagenesis. In this study, we examined the isotope ratios of ammonium nitrogen …

Influence Of Social Media And Information Behaviour Of Postgraduate Students In Federal University Of Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria, Philip Chike Aghadiuno Dr., Michael Akan Afukidang, Ebaye Asenath Sylvester

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study was carried out on influence of social media and information behaviour of postgraduate students in Federal University of Lafia, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Three research questions and one (1) hypothesis guided the study. Descriptive research design was used, the population of the study consist of 462 postgraduate students of Federal University Lafia. Taro Yamane was used to determine the sample size of 214. The instrument used for data collection was a researcher designed questionnaire. Data generated from the research question was analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation while hypothesis was tested using Chi-square. The results …

Library Stock Management: Mandya University Library Scenario, Kavitha N., Hullerappa G., Sampath Kumar B.T.

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Stock Verification is an essential part of library management that ascertains to check the library resources in the stock. It is an effective method to identify mistakes and prevent fraudulent procedures. The purpose of this article is to investigate the potential and intensive stock verification of more than 60000 documents from Mandya University Library. Study results reveal that 39127 library books are available in the powerhouse of the new library building constituent government college of Mandya University library and 23060 books are discarded as loss of books. Notable findings show that insufficient knowledge of cataloguing and classification rules has hampered …

Spartan Daily, October 17, 2024, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2024

Volume 163, Issue 24

The Effects Of Internal Training And Job Satisfaction Of Library Staff In Some Selected University Libraries In South-South, Nigeria, Okoh Helen Ewere, Ogonwa Jacinta, Ugbenyo Safiya, Ezeanuna Ginika, Ufuoma Eruvwe

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study investigated the effect of Internal trainings and job satisfaction of library staff in some selected university libraries in South-South, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design using questionnaire as instrument for data collection. The population of the study consists of 89 library staff which was randomly picked. A total of 89 questionnaires were distributed only 78 were retrieved. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics mean and percentage mean score of 2.5 and above and percentage score of 50% were considered. The revealed that the effects of internal trainings of library staff in some selected university …

Navigating The Digital Frontier: Key Challenges For Dental College Librarians In Managing Electronic Collections, Trupti Aniruddha Tulsankar, Vrushali Rane

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study focuses on the challenges and opportunities in digital collection management faced by librarians in Dental College libraries across Maharashtra. The study findings reveal that there are limitations in using e-resources and the ICT infrastructure in dental college libraries needs to be improved. The challenges dental college librarians face include unannounced hikes in the pricing of digital resources, poor understanding and interpretation of licensing agreements, interrupted power supply, and lack of skilled library staff to manage resources. By addressing these challenges, Dental colleges can enhance their ability to give students access to the latest e-resources and support their learning …

Spartan Daily, October 16, 2024, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2024

Volume 163, Issue 23

The Spanish Translation, Adaptation, And Validation Of A Community-Engaged Research Survey And A Pragmatic Short Version: Encuesta Comunitaria And Fuertes, Patricia Rodriguez Espinosa, Juan M. Peña, Carlos Devia, Blake Boursaw, Magdalena Avila, Diana Rudametkin, Sergio Aguilar-Gaxiola, Margarita Alegria, Lourdes E. Soto De Laurido, Edna Acosta Pérez, Nina Wallerstein

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Introduction: Community-Engaged Research (CEnR) and Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) require validated measures and metrics for evaluating research partnerships and outcomes. There is a need to adapt and translate existing measures for practical use with diverse and non-English-speaking communities. This paper describes the Spanish translation and adaptation of Engage for Equity's Community Engagement Survey (E2 CES), a nationally validated and empirically-supported CEnR evaluation tool, into the full-length Encuesta Comunitaria, and a pragmatic shorter version Fortaleciendo y Uniendo EsfueRzos Transdisciplinarios para Equidad de Salud (FUERTES). Methods: Community and academic partners from the mainland US, Puerto Rico, and Nicaragua participated in translating and …

A New Ecosystem Model For Arctic Phytoplankton Phenology From Ice-Covered To Open-Water Periods: Implications For Future Sea Ice Retreat Scenarios, Jang Geun Choi, Atsushi Matsuoka, Manfredi Manizza, Dustin Carroll, Stephanie Dutkiewicz, Thomas Lippmann

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

To predict ecosystem change in the Arctic Ocean, understanding Arctic phytoplankton phenology is essential. We develop a marine ecosystem model focusing on phytoplankton dynamics and the competition for multiple resources based on knowledge from in situ data obtained in the Chukchi Sea. The model is designed to include the unique ecological characteristics of the Arctic Ocean. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first model successfully simulating the current paradigm for Arctic phytoplankton phenology, including both under-ice blooms and succession of phytoplankton groups. Sensitivity experiments show that the dominance of diatoms can be sustained by lateral transport of …

Spartan Daily, October 15, 2024, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2024

Volume 163, Issue 22

Antibiofilm Activity Of Pdms/Tio2 Against Candida Glabrata Through Inhibited Hydrophobic Recovery, Khoi Nguyen Nguyen, Leena Sao, Kevin Kyllo, Danitza Hernandez, Samantha Salomon, Kalp Shah, Dahyun Oh, Katy C. Kao

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Coatings with antibiofilm properties are desirable for biomedical applications. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been explored as an antimicrobial agent in materials development primarily due to it being an excellent photocatalyst. Candida glabrata (C. glabrata) is an emerging human fungal pathogen with known high resistance to oxidative stress. Here, we fabricated a polydimethylsiloxane/titanium dioxide (PDMS/TiO2) nanocomposite coating and tested its antibiofilm activities against C. glabrata. The resulting nanocomposite exhibited >50% reduction in C. glabrata biofilm formation with 2.5 wt % TiO2 loading, even in the dark. Through ROS detection and surface characterization, the antibiofilm activity was attributed to the synergistic interaction …

Influence Of Mindfulness On Online Information Searching Strategies Of The University Of Ibadan Undergraduate Students, Abiola Moses Akinwale Mr

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The objective of the study was to determine the impact of mindfulness on online information search strategies of undergraduate students at the University of Ibadan. The study assessed the level of online information search strategies, and mindfulness dimension, aiming at identifying the relationship between the independent variable (mindfulness dimension) on online information search strategies. The study was conducted on undergraduate students of the University of Ibadan.

The research adopted a correlational research survey design, with a total population of 11,812 students across seven faculties that were purposively determined, and a sample of 387 using Yamane (1967) sampling formula. The data …

Exploring The Impact Of Lighting Sources On Walking Behavior In Obstructed Walkways Among Older Adults, Yue Luo, Yuhao Chen, Gaojian Huang, Boyi Hu

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

The pandemic has reinforced older adults' reliance on their homes and the concept of “aging in place”. Changes like reduced physical strength and cognitive deficit, however, have heightened the challenge of simple tasks like obstacle crossing among older adults, let alone when older adults cannot perceive the surroundings well during the nighttime. The study is, therefore, to evaluate the impact of lighting on older adults' obstacle-crossing behavior during the nighttime. Twenty-seven older adults (81 ± 6 yrs., 171 ± 12 cm, 75 ± 20 kg, 14 females) were recruited. Participants were asked to cross over the obstacle in a dark …