Digital Commons Network^™

Exoskeletal Predator Defenses Of Juvenile California Spiny Lobsters (Panulirus Interruptus) Are Affected By Fluctuating Ocean Acidification-Like Conditions, Kaitlyn B. Lowder, Maya S. Devries, Ruan Hattingh, James M.D. Day, Andreas J. Andersson, Phillip J. Zerofski, Jennifer R.A. Taylor

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Spiny lobsters rely on multiple biomineralized exoskeletal predator defenses that may be sensitive to ocean acidification (OA). Compromised mechanical integrity of these defensive structures may tilt predator-prey outcomes, leading to increased mortality in the lobsters’ environment. Here, we tested the effects of OA-like conditions on the mechanical integrity of selected exoskeletal defenses of juvenile California spiny lobster, Panulirus interruptus. Young spiny lobsters reside in kelp forests with dynamic carbonate chemistry due to local metabolism and photosynthesis as well as seasonal upwelling, yielding daily and seasonal fluctuations in pH. Lobsters were exposed to a series of stable and diurnally fluctuating reduced …

Information: Understanding The Essentials Of Segmentation From Job Performance To Users’ Satisfaction., Obia Gopeh Inyang Dr, Juliana Nwakaego Agwunobi Mrs

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study was designed to trace the essentials of Segmentation from job performance to users’ satisfaction in academic libraries in three universities in Cross River State. In order to achieve this purpose, four research objectives were formulated to direct the study. A literature review was done on related variables. A survey research design was adopted, and a sample of 800 respondents was administered questionnaire in the following sequence: University of Calabar 400, University of Cross River State (former CRUTECH) 250 copies, and College of Health Technology150. Data were analyzed using tables and simple percentage calculations. It was found that users …

Students' Information Literacy Skills: A Study From Lahore Leads University, Lahore, Pakistan., Hafiz Muhammad Zeeshan, Ashina Sadiq

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Aim: The goal of this study is to measure the level of information literacy among students at Lahore Leads University.

Approach/ Design /Methodology: A survey method was employed to acquire pertinent data from the community. The participants were current Lahore Leads University students who represented the conditions and environment on the Lahore Leads University campus. The sample of 200 university students was chosen using a standard random sampling method. I created and managed a questionnaire by myself. As a result, the information gathered was assessed.

Findings:-Most students could not search and use the catalogue, select information sources, select relevant …

Bibliometric Analysis Of The Scientific Literature On Library Service Through Social Media, Md. Nurul Islam, Md. Aiub Hossain, Md. Yousuf Ali

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The article's aim is to evaluate the bibliometric analysis on library services through social media between 2010 and 2021. Data for the library services and social media were taken from the Scopus database using bibliometric analysis. For the purpose of obtaining pertinent information from both data sources, a thorough search method was developed. Ultimately, 138 Scopus records were chosen. VOS viewer software, Biblioshiny, and Excel have all been used for data analysis. A total 138 articles from 2010-2021 and related to library service and social media were retrieved from Scopus. Average year of publication was 4.04 and average citations per …

Record Management And Services Delivery Of Enugu Electricity Distribution Company (Eedc) Aguata Local Government Area Office, Anambra State, Chibueze Norbert Onwuekwe

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

ABSTRACT This research work investigated the impact of record management on services delivery of Enugu Electricity Distribution Company (EEDC) Aguata local government area office, Anambra state. The study was carried out using descriptive survey research design. Five specific objectives, five research questions and five null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study, hypotheses was tested at 0.05 level of significance. Population of the study comprises 164 staff of Enugu Electricity Distribution Company (EEDC) Aguata local government area office, Anambra state, with sample size of 120 staff. Questionnaire was used as instrument of data collection. Data collected was analyzed using mean, …

Utilization Of Open Access Journals By Library And Information Science Undergraduates In Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria, Oyinkepreye E. Sawyerr-George Dr., Kolawole Ogunbodede, Bulor Cocodia Miss

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study examined the utilization of open access journals by Library and Information Science (LIS) undergraduate at Delta State University, Abraka. Two research questions and one hypothesis guided the study. A descriptive survey design was used by the researchers. The population of the study comprised 477 LIS undergraduates, and a simple random sampling technique was used to determine the sample size which is 217 students, representing 45% of the total population. The questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection. The questionnaire was validated by two experts and the Cronbach Alpha was used to establish the reliability of the instrument …

Private University Library Websites In Dhaka, Bangladesh: An Analysis Of Contents And Features, Md. Abdul Hakim Shah

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The purpose of the study is to explore the present status, contents, and features that are used for user communication of private university library websites (PULW) in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. To ensure representativeness, purposively select twenty-two (22) private university libraries that have dedicated websites. A checklist contained sixty-one (61) items divided into ten (10) categories, and interview methods were followed for authenticity and reliability of data. The result of this study has been presented in tabular and figurative forms. The study found that the trend of websites that began a few years ago will become a driving force for library …

Organizational Climate And Its Implication On Engagement Of Staff: A Library Perspective, Ngozi Ogechukwu Nwogwugwu, Ngozi Uzodike, Chike Nwosu

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

ABSTRACT

Purpose: this work examined the place of OC in determining employees’ engagement in the libraries of publicly owned universities in Anambra State. Specifically, the study ascertained the nexus between Support Climate and Vigour in the studied institutions.

Design/methodology/approach: survey research design was deployed for the study which was carried out in Anambra State, Nigeria. The population of the study consisted of 107 Library Staff in Nnamdi Azikiwe University and Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Anambra State. A complete enumeration method was deployed to capture all the opinions of the respondents. The data collection was done through a structured questionnaire, …

Job Satisfaction And Work Motivation As Correlates Of Career Commitment Of Librarians In Universities In South-West, Nigeria, Olubunmi Olawumi Awoyemi Dr.

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

No abstract provided.

Status Of Customer Relationship Management Activities In University Libraries Of Pakistan, Mir Bahader

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study purpose is to assess the current status of customer relationship management (CRM) activities (customer satisfaction activities and communications strategies & practices) in academic libraries in Pakistan and also focused on CRM activities that correlate with universities' demographic variables (types, locations, and category). This study adopted a correlational research design with a survey method based on quantitative data collection. A structured questionnaire was distributed among all head/in-charge librarians of universities/DAIs in Pakistan. This study found that majority of the customer satisfaction activities were in the “planning” stage while few activities were “currently doing” by the libraries. Similarly, the …

Distance Learners Satisfaction With Library Resources, Services And Facilities: A Study In Kuvempu University Library, Veena Naik G, Shivalingaiah D

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The role of the library is vital in all types of education - traditional as well as distance mode. The purpose of this paper is to know the distance learner’s satisfaction with library resources, services and facilities in Kuvempu University Library. This study used questionnaire-based survey method to collect the data from the PG distance students of Kuvempu University. 1435 questionnaires were distributed, out of which 1435 duly filled in questionnaires were received back. The study suggested that advanced training for users at different levels should be started. The contents of the training programs should be (a) introduction to library …

Library And Information Science (Lis) Education In The 21st Century: Emerging Skills For A Changing World, Peter Olubunmi Olubiyo

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The LIS professionals are the bridge between information resources and the readers because of the skill they possessed. In the library, resources are acquired and processed based on rules and regulations of the profession. And these rules and regulations do not come in rosy way. They are acquired from the academic world where the skills are being taught, to handle library information resources in a way that users can easily access them. The core skills traditionally associated with library/ information science include information handling skills - cataloguing, classification, indexing, enquiry work and user education training skills with facilitating skills and …

Racial Bias Beliefs Related To Covid-19 Among Asian Americans, Native Hawaiians, And Pacific Islanders: Findings From The Covid-19 Effects On The Mental And Physical Health Of Asian Americans And Pacific Islanders Survey Study (Compass), Van Ta Park, Janice Y. Tsoh, Marcelle Dougan, Bora Nam, Marian Tzuang, Quyen N. Vuong, Joon Bang, Oanh L. Meyer

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been increased reports of racial biases against Asian American and Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander individuals. However, the extent to which different Asian American and Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander groups perceive and experience (firsthand or as a witness to such experiences) how COVID-19 has negatively affected people of their race has not received much attention. Objective: This study used data from the COVID-19 Effects on the Mental and Physical Health of Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders Survey Study (COMPASS), a nationwide, multilingual survey, to empirically examine COVID-19-related racial bias beliefs among Asian …

State-Level Policy Environments, Discrimination, And Victimization Among Sexual And Gender Minority People, Kristen D. Clark, Mitchell R. Lunn, Eliot M. Lev, Michael A. Trujillo, Micah E. Lubensky, Matthew R. Capriotti, Thomas J. Hoffmann, Juno Obedin-Maliver, Annesa Flentje

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Legislation has been passed in some states to reduce discrimination and victimization toward sexual and gender minority people (SGM; people who are not solely heterosexual and/or whose gender identity is not equal to what is socially associated with sex assigned at birth). The purpose of these analyses is to test whether state-level policy environments are associated with past-year discrimination and victimization among SGM people. Cross-sectional data from The Population Research in Identity and Disparities for Equality (PRIDE) Study annual questionnaire (collected 2018–2019), a national study of the health of SGM adults in the USA, were used for these analyses. Measures …

“Family Before Anyone Else”: A Qualitative Study On Family, Marginalization, And Hiv Among Hispanic Or Latino/A/X Mexican Sexual Minority Males, Moctezuma García, S. Raquel Ramos, Lisa Aponte-Soto, Tiarney D. Ritchwood, Laurie A. Drabble

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

This study explored the influence family relationships have on HIV-related factors among Hispanic or Latino/a/x Mexican sexual minority cisgender males in San Antonio, TX, US. A total of 15 young adults (7 people living with HIV; PLWH) ages 21–30 completed a semi-structured interview. Data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis. The following themes emerged: (1) family support; (2) mother-son relationships; (3) father-son relationships; (4) sibling support; (5) family marginalization of sexual minorities; and (6) internalized homophobia. People who reported being HIV negative were more likely to have a prominent mother-son relationship, strong sense of family, supportive siblings, and …

Mental Health In Engineering Education: Identifying Population And Intersectional Variation, Andrew Danowitz, Kacey Beddoes

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Contribution: Screening rates for engineering students for several major and moderate mental health issues are reported, including unspecified psychological distress as captured by the Kessler 6 screening instrument; screening rates for depressive, anxiety, and eating disorders as measured by the patient health questionnaire (PHQ); and screening rates for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as measured by the primary care post-traumatic stress disorder (PC-PTSD) instrument. This work also explores how mental health issues affect different student demographic groups within engineering. Background: Anecdotal evidence has long suggested that stress and certain mental health issues are particularly acute in the field of Engineering, and …

Predictable Changes In Eelgrass Microbiomes With Increasing Wasting Disease Prevalence Across 23° Latitude In The Northeastern Pacific, Deanna S. Beatty, Lillian R. Aoki, Brendan Rappazzo, Chelsea Bergman, Lia K. Domke, J. Emmett Duffy, Katie Dubois, Ginny L. Eckert, Carla Gomes, Olivia J. Graham, Leah Harper, C. Drew Harvell, Timothy L. Hawthorne, Margot Hessing-Lewis, Kevin Hovel, Zachary L. Monteith, Ryan S. Mueller, Bo Yang, For Full Author List, See Comments Below

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Predicting outcomes of marine disease outbreaks presents a challenge in the face of both global and local stressors. Host-associated microbiomes may play important roles in disease dynamics but remain understudied in marine ecosystems. Host–pathogen–microbiome interactions can vary across host ranges, gradients of disease, and temperature; studying these relationships may aid our ability to forecast disease dynamics. Eelgrass, Zostera marina, is impacted by outbreaks of wasting disease caused by the opportunistic pathogen Labyrinthula zosterae. We investigated how Z. marina phyllosphere microbial communities vary with rising wasting disease lesion prevalence and severity relative to plant and meadow characteristics like shoot density, longest …

Ethical Behaviour And The Use Of Social Media By Undergraduates, University Of Ibadan., Tolulope Elizabeth Adenekan Phd, Ayomide Joy Lala

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The attraction of social media tools in higher education has been attributed to the affordances and participatory nature that the tools offer. For undergraduates in this generation, social networking has become an “addiction”. Ordinarily, a student who has a Facebook account opens the account daily to check new updates and spends hours studying new updates until he/she realizes that there are more important things to do like school work that has been missed because of logging in to a social platform. The research design adopted for the study is a descriptive survey. A multistage random sampling technique was used for …

Effect Of Potassium Salts On Biochar Pyrolysis, Yuthapong Wongmat, David R. Wagner

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Alkali pretreatment is one of the chemical pretreatment technologies that has been examined on various types of lignocellulosic biomass. To gain a better insight into the effects of a potassium-based catalyst on pyrolysis behavior with different materials, potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3) and potassium nitrate (KNO3) were used as additives in this study. The experimental parameters which included particle size, heating rate, and additive loading were investigated. The results showed that adding potassium for both KHCO3 and KNO3 to feedstocks led to increase in biochar. A model-free method, Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO), was implemented in this study to determine the activation energy values for …

Pathway To Promote Diversity Within Public Transit Workforce, Mehri Mohebbi, Sumita Raghuram, Ahoura Zandiatashbar

Mineta Transportation Institute

There are many aspects of the transportation industry that can be focused on, but the lack of resiliency is one of the most urgent. Enhancing resiliency and creative problem-solving is essential to the industry’s growth and survival. But it cannot happen without building a more diverse workforce. Women still make up a small fraction of transportation workers, and African American and Hispanic employees are even less represented. These disparities are increasingly pronounced in many senior positions, particularly in STEM fields. Meanwhile, the public transportation industry is experiencing a severe and worsening workforce shortage and many agencies have reported substantial difficulty …

“Tele-Commuting” During The Covid-19 Pandemic And Beyond: Unveiling State-Wide Patterns And Trends Of Telecommuting In Relation To Transportation, Employment, Land Use, And Emissions In Calif, Tianjun Lu, Jian-Yu Ke, Fynnwin Prager, Jose N. Martinez

Mineta Transportation Institute

Telecommuting, the practice of working remotely at home, increased significantly (25% to 35%) early in the COVID-19 pandemic. This shift represented a major societal change that reshaped the family, work, and social lives of many Californians. These changes also raise important questions about what factors influenced telecommuting before, during, and after COVID-19, and to what extent changes in telecommuting have influenced transportation patterns across commute modes, employment, land use, and environment. The research team conducted state-level telecommuting surveys using a crowd-sourced platform (i.e., Amazon Mechanical Turk) to obtain valid samples across California (n=1,985) and conducted state-level interviews among stakeholders (n=28) …

Optimal Design Of Functionally Graded Parts, Priyambada Nayak, Amir Armani

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Several additive manufacturing processes are capable of fabricating three-dimensional parts with complex distribution of material composition to achieve desired local properties and functions. This unique advantage could be exploited by developing and implementing methodologies capable of optimizing the distribution of material composition for one-, two-, and three-dimensional parts. This paper is the first effort to review the research works on developing these methods. The underlying components (i.e., building blocks) in all of these methods include the homogenization approach, material representation technique, finite element analysis approach, and the choice of optimization algorithm. The overall performance of each method mainly depends on …

Strategies Used By Librarians In Marketing Information Resources And Library Services In Federal University Of Technology, Owerri And Imo State University, Owerri, Linda Ijeoma Uwandu, Chioma Esther Osuji

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study focused on strategies used by librarians in marketing information resources and library services in Federal University of Technology, Owerri and Imo State University, Owerri. The study adopted survey research design. The population of the study is 62 librarians from the university libraries studied which was also used as sample for the study. The instrument used for data collection was an online questionnaire rated using the four-point scale. Out of 62 copies of instrument distributed, 51 copies were returned showing 82.3% return rate. Data collected were analyzed using mean (x) scores. The findings of the study revealed among others …

Proposed Integrated System For Library Services And Online Education: A Pakistani Perspective, Dr. Muhammad Tufail Khan, Sadaf Rafiq, Dr. Shaukat Ali, Dr. Irfan Ali

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Purpose: Education is the basic need of each community member and educational institutions play a vital role in the development of any community and country as a whole. Also, libraries plays significant role in educating people or fulfilling educational needs of the society members. COVID-19 pandemic affects all sectors of life including educational institutes. However, libraries play dramatic role in the delivery of electronic services like e-thesis, e-books, e-research articles and virtual reference. The proposed study will provide a step-by-step guideline to individual researchers, research organizations, educational assessments organizations, government departments and policy development departments to plan and execute …

Library And Information Specialist In The Light Of Information Architecture And His Role In Organizing Content, Hanan Ahmed Farag, Ahlam Saeed Alqhtani

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This research sheds light on the concept of information architecture or what is called information engineering, and clarifies some concepts about the tasks and roles of information engineers and librarians, and the existing problems facing librarians who play the role of information engineers and offers some proposed solutions, and the research recommends the need to change the role of librarians and their qualifications to become information engineers in the current era of digital information environment.

In Memoriam: Zhang Xianglong (1949-2022)

Comparative Philosophy

No abstract provided.

In Memoriam: Abdulah Šarčević (1929-2021)

Comparative Philosophy

No abstract provided.

Harmony And Complementarity: A Discussion With Bo Mou, Chenyang Li

Comparative Philosophy

No abstract provided.

On Types Of Certainty: From Buddhism To Islam And Beyond, Michael Chase

Comparative Philosophy

Studies the threefold hierarchy of certainty, from its origins in Mahāyāna Buddhism, through Islam, to 17^th century China. This tripartite scheme may be traced back to the ancient Buddhist scheme of the threefold wisdom as systematized by Vasubandhu of Gandhāra in the 4th-5th centuries CE. Following the advent of Islam in the 8th century, it was combined with Qur'anic notions of certainty (al-yaqīn). Initially taken up by early Islamic mystics such as Sahl al-Tustarī and al-Ḥākim al-Tirmiḏī (late 9th-early 10th centuries), the notion of yaqīn was gradually systematized into the three-level hierarchy of “knowledge or science of …

Doing Philosophy Comparatively In Southern Europe: Western, Mediterranean, Islamic And Other Perspectives In Engagement, Nevad Kahteran

Comparative Philosophy

Aiming to become a part of transcultural discourses and debates, the author argues in this paper for the use of transcultural approaches overcoming the traditional ones in doing philosophy comparatively in the Southern Europe. Within this framework, new forms of cross-cultural philosophizing in the Mediterranean philosophy will arise in the triangle among the Western Balkans, Italy and Greece as a transcultural exchange of knowledge and ideas including more than twenty surrounding countries in the Mediterranean basin. In this regard, the author is trying to find a way for deepening and broadening transcultural approaches concerning the Southern Europe in general and …