Digital Commons Network^™

Computer Vision Intelligence Test Modeling And Generation: A Case Study On Smart Ocr, Jing Shu, Bing Jiun Miu, Eugene Chang, Jerry Gao, Jun Liu

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

AI-based systems possess distinctive characteristics and introduce challenges in quality evaluation at the same time. Consequently, ensuring and validating AI software quality is of critical importance. In this paper, we present an effective AI software functional testing model to address this challenge. Specifically, we first present a comprehensive literature review of previous work, covering key facets of AI software testing processes. We then introduce a 3D classification model to systematically evaluate the image-based text extraction AI function, as well as test coverage criteria and complexity. To evaluate the performance of our proposed AI software quality test, we propose four evaluation …

Correction To: A Fresh Take: Seasonal Changes In Terrestrial Freshwater Inputs Impact Salt Marsh Hydrology And Vegetation Dynamics (Estuaries And Coasts, (2024), 10.1007/S12237-024-01392-1), Maya S. Montalvo, Emilio Grande, Anna E. Braswell, Ate Visser, Bhavna Arora, Erin C. Seybold, Corianne Tatariw, John C. Haskins, Charlie A. Endris, Fuller Gerbl, Mong Han Huang, Darya Morozov, Margaret A. Zimmer

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

In the original online version of the article the following information was missing from the Funding section: Department of Energy, Small Business Innovation Research Award Number DE-SC0021480. In addition, the following was missing from the Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank Elkhorn Slough Foundation for providing and facilitating the opportunity to conduct this work at the Cowell Ranch site. Also, the study site noted in the Background section was incorrect. The study was conducted at the Elkhorn Slough on the property of the Elkhorn Slough Foundation. The original article was corrected.

Cosmogenic Radionuclides In Meteorites From The Otway Massif Blue Ice Area, Antarctica: An Unusual, Well-Preserved H5 Chondrite Strewn Field, Kees C. Welten, Marc W. Caffee, Monika E. Kress, Marlene D. Giscard, A. J.Timothy Jull, Ralph P. Harvey, John Schutt

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

The US Antarctic Search for Meteorites (ANSMET) discovered a dense cluster of 88 ordinary chondrites with a total mass of more than 100 kg on a blue ice area (BIA) of 1.6 × 0.3 km2 near the Otway Massif, Grosvenor Mountains, Antarctica. The larger masses (weighing up to 29 kg) were found at one end of an oval-shaped pattern and the smaller masses (50–200 g) at the other end. We measured concentrations of the cosmogenic radionuclides 10Be (half-life—1.36 × 106 year) and 36Cl (3.01 × 105 year) in the metal fraction of 17 H chondrites, including 14 fragments of this …

Keck/Kcwi Spectroscopy Of Globular Clusters In Local Volume Dwarf Galaxies, Duncan A. Forbes, Daniel Lyon, Jonah Gannon, Aaron J. Romanowsky, Jean P. Brodie

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

A number of nearby dwarf galaxies have globular cluster (GC) candidates that require spectroscopic confirmation. Here we present Keck telescope spectra for 15 known GCs and GC candidates that may be associated with a host dwarf galaxy, and an additional 3 GCs in the halo of M31 that are candidates for accretion from a now disrupted dwarf galaxy. We confirm 6 star clusters (of intermediate-to-old age) to be associated with NGC 247. The vast bulk of its GC system remains to be studied spectroscopically. We also confirm the GC candidates in F8D1 and DDO190, finding both to be young star …

Comparison Of Different Drought Monitoring Indices In Different Climatic Conditions In Iran, Samira Rahnama, Ali Shahidi, Mostafa Yaghoobzadeh, Ali Akbar Mehran

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

This study evaluates drought in different climate zones (Rasht, Shiraz, and Birjand) in Iran, using meteorological, agricultural, and remote sensing drought indices. For this purpose, NDVI, SAVI, and SR were extracted from Landsat images for 2002 and 2014–2020. Then, these indices were compared with the SPI, SPEI, and PDSI. The results indicate an increase in drought and a decrease in vegetation cover in the study area. In Rasht, where the vegetation cover is high, NDVI and SAVI were equal. In Shiraz and Birjand, where the soil effect is more significant, the distance between these two indices increased, which shows that …

Is Knowledge Management (Finally) Extractive? – Fuller’S Argument Revisited In The Age Of Ai, Norman Mooradian

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Aim/Purpose The rise of modern artificial intelligence (AI), in particular, machine learning (ML), has provided new opportunities and directions for knowledge management (KM). A central question for the future of KM is whether it will be dominated by an automation strategy that replaces knowledge work or whether it will support a knowledge-enablement strategy that enhances knowledge work and uplifts knowledge workers. This paper addresses this question by re-examining and updating a critical argument against KM by the sociologist of science Steve Fuller (2002), who held that KM was extractive and exploitative from its origins. Background This paper re-examines Fuller’s argument …

Episodic Memory Assessment: Effects Of Sex And Age On Performance And Response Time During A Continuous Recognition Task, James O. Clifford, Sulekha Anand, Franck Tarpin-Bernard, Michael F. Bergeron, Curtis B. Ashford, Peter J. Bayley, John Wesson Ashford

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Introduction: Continuous recognition tasks (CRTs) assess episodic memory (EM), the central functional disturbance in Alzheimer’s disease and several related disorders. The online MemTrax computerized CRT provides a platform for screening and assessment that is engaging and can be repeated frequently. MemTrax presents complex visual stimuli, which require complex involvement of the lateral and medial temporal lobes and can be completed in less than 2 min. Results include number of correct recognitions (HITs), recognition failures (MISSes = 1-HITs), correct rejections (CRs), false alarms (FAs = 1-CRs), total correct (TC = HITs + CRs), and response times (RTs) for each HIT and …

The Evolving Role Of Libraries In The Fourth Industrial Revolution: Navigating Digital Transformation, Abdullahi Olayinka Isiaka, Abdulfatai Soliu, Biliamin Abiola Aremu, Benjamin Adebisi Bamidele, Saidu Saba-Jibril, Adelani Rotimi Ibitoye

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Abstract

This article explores the transformative impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) on libraries and their pivotal role in navigating the challenges and opportunities brought forth by rapid technological advancements. Libraries, traditionally perceived as repositories of books and information, are undergoing a profound metamorphosis in the digital age. The 4IR, characterized by breakthroughs in Artificial Intelligence, the Internet of Things, and Data Analytics, demands a redefinition of the library’s purpose and services. The first section introduces the concept of the 4IR and its key technological advancements. Emphasis is placed on understanding the dynamic landscape of the 4IR and the …

Webometrics Analysis Of Government Medical Colleges Of Bihar: A Study, Debashish Pandit Paul, Mohd. Aslam Khan, Anubhaw Kumar Suman

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study presents the webometrics analysis of 9 websites of Government Medical Colleges under the Health Department, Government of Bihar. The Purpose of in study to identify the web presence, domain analysis and other webometrics indicators of the selected website. The study uses SEO MOZ for data collection. It was found that the website of Sri Krishna Medical College and Hospital, Muzaffarpur (SKMCH) has the highest domain authority of 27 and the highest page authority of Nalanda Medical College and Hospital, Patna (NMCH) of 35. The study concluded that all websites should be inter-connected, well-maintained and …

A Proposed Innovative Learning Spaces For A State University Library In The Philippines, Delna Liwaden-Galut, David A. Cabonero

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The library plays a significant role in providing a welcoming, inviting, and appealing library environment to attract learners to use its resources and services. Consequently, the learning preferences of learners prompted the shift from information commons to learning commons in higher education. With an emphasis on the social dimensions of learning, the learning space represents a transformative change that extends beyond the reach of the traditional library. The library can maximize the learners' potential by making it truly an extension of the classroom. This research is guided by the following research questions: 1. What are the teachers’ and librarians’ perceived …

The Factors And Obstacles Affecting The Documentation Of Knowledge And Experiences In The Libraries Of Khorasan Razavi Provinces Universities, Alireza Atarodi, Maryam Salimi, Jamileh Naeimi

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Introduction: The current study aims to assess the prioritization of factors and barriers influencing the documentation of knowledge and experiences in university libraries across the Khorasan provinces, as perceived by librarians.

Methods: This applied research employed a survey-analytical methodology, focusing on librarians with library qualifications in central academic libraries of Khorasan. 102 individuals were selected using Cochran's formula. A researcher-designed questionnaire was validated, with data analyzed using descriptive (mean) and inferential statistics (Friedman's non-parametric test).

Results: Key findings indicate that cultural infrastructure, structural provisions, legal frameworks, and technological advancements significantly impact the documentation of knowledge and experiences. …

Robotics And Artificial Intelligence In Libraries, Prince Chibuzor Eke, Nkechi Mercy Egesimba, Nnam Mills Ezebuike

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This research was borne out of the desire to discover the robotics and artificial intelligence technology which is rapidly spreading in libraries as modern tools for innovation. Conventionally, robotics and artificial intelligence involves programming computers to do things which if done by humans, would say to require intelligence. The application of robotics and artificial intelligence in library has become pervasive. They include expert systems for reference services, book reading and shelf-reading robots, virtually reality for immersive learning among others. Meanwhile, the incorporation of robotics and artificial intelligence in libraries can be perceived to alienate librarians from their users, it will …

The Assessment Of Knowledge Management Dimensions In The Libraries Of Khorasan Razavi Universities, Alireza Atarodi, Soraya Ziaei, Jamileh Naeimi, Hassan Shojaee-Mend

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Introduction: This study aims to assess knowledge management aspects in central libraries of Islamic Azad University, Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, and Ministry of Health, Treatment, and Medical Education in Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran.

Methods: Conducted through a survey-analytical approach, this study focused on librarians with library education in central university libraries of Khorasan Razavi Province. A sample size of 102 individuals was selected using Cochran's formula. Validity and reliability of a researcher-developed questionnaire were confirmed. Hypotheses were tested with Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests using SPSS-20.

Results: University libraries in Khorasan Razavi Province display inadequacies in …

Dual Effect Of Secondary Solutes On Binding Equilibria: Contributions From Solute–Reactant Interactions And Solute–Water Interactions, Daryl Eggers, Jennifer M. Le, Nhi T. Nham, Duc N. Pham, Bria M. Castellano

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

This study examines the role of water in binding equilibria with a special focus on secondary solutes (cosolutes) that influence the equilibrium but are not constituents of the final product. Using a thermodynamic framework that includes an explicit term for the release of water molecules upon binding, this investigation reveals how solutes may alter equilibria by changing the activity of the reactants, reflected in ΔG°(obs), and by changing the chemical potential of the solvent, reflected in ΔGS. The framework is applied to four experimental binding systems that differ in the degree of electrostatic contributions. The model …

Monstrous Matrilineage In Chinese American Literature, Leina Hsu

Asian American Literature: Discourses & Pedagogies

In this paper, I explore the monstrous relationships between Chinese American mothers and daughters in The Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan, Bone by Fae Myenne Ng, and Severance: A Novel by Ling Ma. I employ monsters as metaphors and motifs that illustrate the womens’ genealogical trauma and resistance. By putting Chinese American matrilineages in a monstrous context, I elevate them as alternative knowledge sources that haunt the margins of Western society. In The Joy Luck Club, ghosts reveal the invisibility and survivor mindset of Chinese American immigrant mothers. For Bone, skeletons represent the unspoken trauma that plagues Chinese American …

The Contemporary Tax Journal Volume 12, No. 2 – Winter 2023

The Contemporary Tax Journal

No abstract provided.

Quantum Diamonds At The Beach: Chemical Insights Into Silica Growth On Nanoscale Diamond Using Multimodal Characterization And Simulation, Perla J. Sandoval, Karen Lopez, Andres Arreola, Anida Len, Nedah Basravi, Pomaikaimaikalani Yamaguchi, Rina Kawamura, Camron X. Stokes, Cynthia Melendrez, Davida Simpson, Sang Jun Lee, Charles James Titus, Virginia Altoe, Sami Sainio, Dennis Nordlund, Kent Irwin, Abraham Wolcott

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Surface chemistry of materials that host quantum bits such as diamond is an important avenue of exploration as quantum computation and quantum sensing platforms mature. Interfacing diamond in general and nanoscale diamond (ND) in particular with silica is a potential route to integrate room temperature quantum bits into photonic devices, fiber optics, cells, or tissues with flexible functionalization chemistry. While silica growth on ND cores has been used successfully for quantum sensing and biolabeling, the surface mechanism to initiate growth was unknown. This report describes the surface chemistry responsible for silica bond formation on diamond and uses X-ray absorption spectroscopy …

Behavioural Responses Of Fin Whales To Military Mid-Frequency Active Sonar, Brandon L. Southall, Ann N. Allen, John Calambokidis, Caroline Casey, Stacy L. Deruiter, Selene Fregosi, Ari S. Friedlaender, Jeremy A. Goldbogen, Catriona M. Harris, Elliott L. Hazen, Valentin Popov, Alison K. Stimpert

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

The effect of active sonars on marine mammal behaviour is a topic of considerable interest and scientific investigation. Some whales, including the largest species (blue whales, Balaenoptera musculus), can be impacted by mid-frequency (1-10 kHz) military sonars. Here we apply complementary experimental methods to provide the first experimentally controlled measurements of behavioural responses to military sonar and similar stimuli for a related endangered species, fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus). Analytical methods include: (i) principal component analysis paired with generalized additive mixed models; (ii) hidden Markov models; and (iii) structured expert elicitation using response severity metrics. These approaches provide complementary perspectives on …

Lecturers’ Skills To Evaluate Information And Use Information Effectively As Correlates Of Digital Library Resources Utilization In Nigeria, Joy Iguehi Ikenwe, Ogagaoghene Uzezi Idhalama

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study investigates lecturers’ skills to evaluate information and use information effectively as correlates of digital library resources utilization in Nigeria. Research questions were, what is the correlation between lecturers’ skills to evaluate information and digital library resources utilization in Southern Nigeria? and what is the correlation between lecturers’ skills to use information effectively and digital library resources utilization in Southern Nigeria? The two hypotheses are: Ho 1: Lecturers' skill to evaluate information does not have a significant relationship with the utilization of digital library resources. Ho 2: Lecturers' skill to use information effectively does not have a …

Enhancing Information Delivery Services For Distance Education Programmes In Cross River State, Nigeria, Mayen Ndaro Igajah Dr, Christopher Okoi Offem Mr, Mary Mfon Bassey Mrs

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The paper assessed information delivery services for distance education programmes. The study traces briefly the history of the National Open University and the National Teacher Institute. The e-resources and current issues on services provided by librarians. The study adopted the survey design methods. The questionnaire was used as an instrument for data collection. From the analysis of the data collected, it was found that the current issues on information services are in support of open and distance education programmes, technologies used in the delivery of information services for distance learners, concepts of distance education in Nigeria, value of social media …

Evaluation Of Four Ground-Based Retrievals Of Cloud Droplet Number Concentration In Marine Stratocumulus With Aircraft In Situ Measurements, Damao Zhang, Andrew M. Vogelmann, Fan Yang, Edward Luke, Pavlos Kollias, Zhien Wang, Peng Wu, William I. Gustafson, Fan Mei, Susanne Glienke, Jason Tomlinson, Neel Desai

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Cloud droplet number concentration (Nd) is crucial for understanding aerosol–cloud interactions (ACI) and associated radiative effects. We present evaluations of four ground-based Nd retrievals based on comprehensive datasets from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Aerosol and Cloud Experiments in the Eastern North Atlantic (ACE-ENA) field campaign. The Nd retrieval methods use ARM ENA observatory ground-based remote sensing observations from a micropulse lidar, Raman lidar, cloud radar, and the ARM NDROP (Droplet Number Concentration) value-added product (VAP), all of which also retrieve cloud effective radius (re). The retrievals are compared against aircraft measurements from the fast cloud droplet probe (FCDP) and …

Spartan Daily, December 5, 2023, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2023

Volume 161, Issue 43

Autonomous Shuttle Implementation And Best Practices, Dil Samina Diba, Ninad Gore, Srinivas S. Pulugurtha

Mineta Transportation Institute

When, where, and how autonomous shuttles are deployed can have significant safety, economic, and policy impacts on their operation and performance. This research analyzes data related to 120 existing deployments of autonomous shuttles, looking at safety, operational, economic, and policy-related issues. Analysis shows that autonomous shuttles would be an excellent supplement to public transportation. However, improvements to the vehicle and the infrastructure are needed before any permanent deployment. The study also analyzes the perceptions of practitioners, industry experts, and transportation system users toward autonomous shuttles. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Multiple Input Multiple Cause Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) approaches were …

Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Or Statistical Models For Weather-Related Crash Severity Prediction, Abimbola Ogungbire, Panick Kalambay, Hardik Gajera, Srinivas S. Pulugurtha

Mineta Transportation Institute

Nearly 5,000 people are killed and more than 418,000 are injured in weather-related traffic incidents each year. Assessments of the effectiveness of statistical models applied to crash severity prediction compared to machine learning (ML) and deep learning techniques (DL) help researchers and practitioners know what models are most effective under specific conditions. Given the class imbalance in crash data, the synthetic minority over-sampling technique for nominal (SMOTE-N) data was employed to generate synthetic samples for the minority class. The ordered logit model (OLM) and the ordered probit model (OPM) were evaluated as statistical models, while random forest (RF) and XGBoost …

Rapid Disintegration And Weakening Of Ice Shelves In North Greenland, R. Millan, E. Jager, J. Mouginot, M. H. Wood, S. H. Larsen, P. Mathiot, N. C. Jourdain, A. Bjørk

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

The glaciers of North Greenland are hosting enough ice to raise sea level by 2.1 m, and have long considered to be stable. This part of Greenland is buttressed by the last remaining ice shelves of the ice sheet. Here, we show that since 1978, ice shelves in North Greenland have lost more than 35% of their total volume, three of them collapsing completely. For the floating ice shelves that remain we observe a widespread increase in ice shelf mass losses, that are dominated by enhanced basal melting rates. Between 2000 and 2020, there was a widespread increase in basal …

Should State Land In Southern California Be Allocated To Warehousing Goods Or Housing People? Analyzing Transportation, Climate, And Unintended Consequences Of Supply Chain Solutions, Tianjun Lu, Jian-Yu Ke, Azure Fisher, Mahmoud Salari, Patricia Valladolid, Fynnwin Prager

Mineta Transportation Institute

In response to COVID-19 pandemic supply chain issues, the State of California issued Executive Order (EO) N-19-21 to use state land to increase warehousing capacity. This highlights a land-use paradox between economic and environmental goals: adding warehouse capacity increases climate pollution and traffic congestion around the ports and warehouses, while there is a deficit of affordable housing and high homeless rates in port-adjacent underserved communities. This study aims to inform regional policymakers and community stakeholders about these trade-offs by identifying current and future supply of and demand for warehousing and housing in Southern California through 2040. The study uses statistical …

Influence Of Pavement Conditions On Commercial Motor Vehicle Crashes, Stephen Arhin, Babin Manandhar, Adam Gatiba

Mineta Transportation Institute

Commercial motor vehicle (CMV) safety is a major concern in the United States, including the District of Columbia (DC), where CMVs make up 15% of traffic. This research uses a comprehensive approach, combining statistical analysis and machine learning techniques, to investigate the impact of road pavement conditions on CMV accidents. The study integrates traffic crash data from the Traffic Accident Reporting and Analysis Systems Version 2.0 (TARAS2) database with pavement condition data provided by the District Department of Transportation (DDOT). Data spanning from 2016 to 2020 was collected and analyzed, focusing on CMV routes in DC. The analysis employs binary …

Spartan Daily, November 30, 2023, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2023

Volume 161, Issue 42

Spartan Daily, November 29, 2023, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2023

Volume 161, Issue 41

Spartan Daily, November 28, 2023, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily, 2023

Volume 161, Issue 40