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Articles 961 - 990 of 10020
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Constraints On Compact Binary Formation And Effective Gravitational Wave Likelihood Approximation, Vera Del Favero
Constraints On Compact Binary Formation And Effective Gravitational Wave Likelihood Approximation, Vera Del Favero
Theses
Since the initial discovery of gravitational-waves from merging black holes, the LIGO Scientific Collaboration together with Virgo and KAGRA have published 90 gravitational-wave observations of compact binary mergers in the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog papers. One of the quintessential questions of this decade in gravitational-wave astronomy is the characterization and impact of the population of observed gravitational-wave signals from merging black holes and neutron stars. Now, there is greater incentive than ever to study the formation channels for these compact binary mergers. In this work, we carry out an investigation of isolated binary evolution formation channel, comparing predictions of the gravitational-wave …
Mimibrick.Jl: A Julia Package For The Brick Model For Sea-Level Change In The Mimi Integrated Modeling Framework, Tony E. Wong, Lisa Rennels, Vivek Srikrishnan, Alexander Bakker, Klaus Keller, David Anthoff
Mimibrick.Jl: A Julia Package For The Brick Model For Sea-Level Change In The Mimi Integrated Modeling Framework, Tony E. Wong, Lisa Rennels, Vivek Srikrishnan, Alexander Bakker, Klaus Keller, David Anthoff
Articles
BRICK is a semi-empirical model for global and local mean sea-level change (Wong et al., 2017). The core model includes component sub-models for the major contributors to global mean sea-level change - glaciers and ice caps, thermal expansion, land water storage, and the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. The resulting global mean sea levels can be downscaled via a data set that represents the “fingerprint” of each sea-level component on local mean sea level (Slangen et al., 2014). In this way, BRICK provides information about local sea-level changes, including characterizations of key uncertainties. BRICK is flexible and efficient enough to …
Framing Trust In Artificial Intelligence (Ai) Ethics Communication: Analysis Of Ai Ethics Guiding Principles Through The Lens Of Framing Theory, Namrata Nagar
Theses
With the fast proliferation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies in our society, several corporations, governments, research institutions, and NGOs have produced and published AI ethics guiding documents. These include principles, guidelines, frameworks, assessment lists, training modules, blogs, and principle-to-practice strategies. The priorities, focus, and articulation of these innumerable documents vary to different extents. Though they all aim and claim to ensure AI usage for the common good, the actual AI system outcomes in various social applications have invigorated ethical dilemmas and scholarly debates. This study presents the analysis of AI ethics principles and guidelines text published by three pioneers from …
Architecture Of Video Games: Potential Reference, Wael Mkaouar
Architecture Of Video Games: Potential Reference, Wael Mkaouar
Theses
The Architecture perspective / scale in video games has evolved throughout time to an extent that it is no longer a mere spatial visualization to host the game, but it has become an interaction medium between the player and the game. Architecture in recent video games played a fundamental role in bridging the gap between the real and the digital world. The analogy between these two is increasingly established through the representational immersion and the participation of the player in a highly realistic environment transforming the gaming experience into an entertaining and educational journey. The aim of this thesis is …
Bayesian Inference And Prediction In Cardiac Electrophysiology Models With An Application To Representing Variability, Alejandro Nieto Ramos
Bayesian Inference And Prediction In Cardiac Electrophysiology Models With An Application To Representing Variability, Alejandro Nieto Ramos
Theses
Many different techniques have been used for parameter estimation in cardiac electrophysiology models, from optimization algorithms to heuristic and frequentist statistical methods. However, the fixed parameter values obtained from such approaches cannot provide a complete description of variability within an individual or across a population. To overcome this shortcoming, in this work we adopt a Bayesian approach by applying the Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) algorithm to cardiac electrophysiology models and data for the first time through three studies. (i) Using HMC, we fit synthetic and experimental cardiac voltage data from different pacing rates and find the probability distributions of the …
Microengineering Aligned Collagen Substrates In Microfluidic Systems, Adeel Ahmed
Microengineering Aligned Collagen Substrates In Microfluidic Systems, Adeel Ahmed
Theses
Cells in vivo are surrounded by a fibrous matrix of proteins and macromolecules called the extracellular matrix (ECM), of which type I collagen is the major constituent. During tissue development or cell-matrix interactions, collagen fibers organize into aligned domains with defined degrees of alignment and directionality. Aligned fibers guide stem cell differentiation and influence cell-cell communication and cell motility. In the tumor microenvironment, aligned fibers guide tumor cell invasion and have been linked to poor patient outcomes. Since fiber alignment instructs cell behavior in vivo, there is a need for in vitro models to replicate fiber alignment and thus provide …
Deep Learning For Medical Imaging In A Biased Environment, Usman Mahmood
Deep Learning For Medical Imaging In A Biased Environment, Usman Mahmood
Theses
Deep learning (DL) based applications have successfully solved numerous problems in machine perception. In radiology, DL-based image analysis systems are rapidly evolving and show progress in guiding treatment decisions, diagnosing, localizing disease on medical images, and improving radiologists' workflow. However, many DL-based radiological systems fail to generalize when deployed in new hospital settings, and the causes of these failures are not always clear. Although significant effort continues to be invested in applying DL algorithms to radiological data, many open questions and issues that arise from incomplete datasets remain. To bridge the gap, we first review the current state of artificial …
Additive Manufacturing Of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Lattice Structures, Pritam Poddar
Additive Manufacturing Of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Lattice Structures, Pritam Poddar
Theses
This dissertation presents four unique contributions to additive manufacturing of carbon fiber composite lattice structures. The lattice structures discussed here cannot be produced using any traditional manufacturing process. Additive manufacturing is the only viable option, and the research in this field is sparse. We fill a gap in additive manufacturing and analysis of composite lattice structures. It adds to the existing knowledge that will prove valuable with carbon composite lattice structures increasingly used in real-world applications. We analyzed specimens using compression testing, impact loading, numerical simulations, microscopic imaging, and CT scans. We studied two different lattice topologies; open and closed …
Gyri: Language Learning In The Context Of Your Life, Laura Woodrow
Gyri: Language Learning In The Context Of Your Life, Laura Woodrow
Theses
Many people want to reap the benefits of learning a new language, but your ability to pick up a new language decreases drastically as you age. Immersion is a successful method of learning a new language, much like children learn their native language. Current solutions mainly use spaced repetition through digital means, much like you would discover in a traditional classroom. However, mixed reality can be leveraged to provide an immersive learning experience to the user/s, creating a cognitive link between their environment and the language they are learning. Not only can this method of language learning create an immersive …
Infomixup : An Intuitive And Information-Driven Approach To Robust Generalization, Andrew H. Meyer
Infomixup : An Intuitive And Information-Driven Approach To Robust Generalization, Andrew H. Meyer
Theses
The discovery of Adversarial Examples — data points which are easily recognized by humans, but which fool artificial classifiers with ease, is relatively new in the world of machine learning. Corruptions imperceptible to the human eye are often sufficient to fool state of the art classifiers. The resolution of this problem has been the subject of a great deal of research in recent years as the prevalence of Deep Neural Networks grows in everyday systems. To this end, we propose InfoMixup , a novel method to improve the robustness of Deep Neural Networks without significantly affecting performance on clean samples. …
Density Functional Theory Study Of Oxygen Vacancy Formation And Doping On Wollastonite Surfaces, Vedgopal Balasubramanian Govindhram
Density Functional Theory Study Of Oxygen Vacancy Formation And Doping On Wollastonite Surfaces, Vedgopal Balasubramanian Govindhram
Theses
In recent times, the rising amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere have caused a concerning increase in global warming. To combat global warming, several negative emissions technologies have been employed. One such technology is Enhanced Rock Weathering (ERW), wherein CO2 is trapped as thermodynamically stable carbonates in silicate minerals that are exposed to the atmosphere. This process happens via mineral carbonation. Wollastonite (CaSiO3) is one such silicate that has applications in ERW. Our study is focused on utilizing density functional theory-based calculations to investigate the thermodynamic stability of oxygen vacancies on the surfaces of wollastonite mineral. Formation of …
Computational Imaging And Its Application, Helen Peng
Computational Imaging And Its Application, Helen Peng
Theses
Traditional optical imaging systems have constrained angular and spatial resolution, depth of field, field of view, tolerance to aberrations and environmental conditions, and other image quality limitations. Computational imaging provided an opportunity to create new functionality and improve the performance of imaging systems by encoding the information optically and decoding it computationally. The design of a computational imaging system balances hardware costs and the accuracy and complexity of the algorithms. In this thesis, two computational imaging systems are presented: Randomized Aperture Imaging and Laser Suppression Imaging. The former system increases the angular resolution of telescopes by replacing a continuous primary …
Advanced Lease Caching, Matthew Gould
Advanced Lease Caching, Matthew Gould
Theses
Since the dawn of computing, CPU performance has continually grown, buoyed by Moore's Law. Execution speed for parallelizable programs in particular has massively increased with the now widespread employment of GPUs, TPUs, and FPGAs, capable of preforming hundreds of computations simultaneously, for data processing. A major bottleneck for further performance increases, which has impeded speedup of sequential programming in particular, is the processor memory performance gap. One of the approaches to address this block is improving cache management algorithms. Caching is transparent to software, but traditional caching algorithms forgo hardware-software collaboration. Previous work introduced the idea of assigning leases to …
Contraband, Omer Enes Demir
Contraband, Omer Enes Demir
Theses
Contraband is a short fiction film about a young woman’s struggle to escape from a criminal life. As she is forced to smuggle drugs during prison visits to her husband, she must decide whether to protect him or abandon him. Leaving might give her a chance to save herself and her child from this life and have a better future. The movie takes place in modern-day Los Angeles. This paper describes and analyzes my filmmaking process as the writer and director of Contraband, and how my life experience and inspirations influenced my work.
Hyper-Sensitive Mems Pressure Sensor Array For Microscale Bubble Pressure Measurement, Yash Rajan Rasaikar
Hyper-Sensitive Mems Pressure Sensor Array For Microscale Bubble Pressure Measurement, Yash Rajan Rasaikar
Theses
As technology is advancing, more complex, efficient, and powerful devices are being made. These powerful devices generate a lot of heat which needs to be taken out to maximize their performance. Hence, efforts are being made to improve cooling techniques for these devices. Boiling is one such technique used in the cooling of devices. The heat transfer performance in the flow boiling systems is higher than that in pool boiling systems. With a simple add-on tapered manifold over a plain surface, we can convert pool boiling to flow boiling. This study will lead to improved performance and reliability of microelectronic …
Experimental Designs For Observing The Hong-Ou-Mandel Manifolds Using Silicon Micro-Ring Resonators, Joseph Monteleone Iii
Experimental Designs For Observing The Hong-Ou-Mandel Manifolds Using Silicon Micro-Ring Resonators, Joseph Monteleone Iii
Theses
We propose three experimental designs for observing the Hong-Ou-Mandel Manifolds using silicon micro-ring resonators. These experimental designs tackle the challenges of producing and coupling identical photon pairs to be incident on a silicon micro-ring resonator, and they describe methods of photon observation. We experimentally characterized a silicon micro-ring resonator with Mach-Zehnder Interferometer couplers. We modified the Hong-Ou-Mandel Manifold theory to include these realistic Mach-Zehnder Interferometer couplers, and computationally predict new manifold structures based on experimental power transmission spectrum comparisons. We also characterized a packaged foundry-fabricated silicon spiral photon pair source to be used as a possible identical photon pair source.
Methods For Quantifying Power Characteristics And Chronic Patterns Of Use Behavior Of Electronic Vaping Products, Qutaiba M. Saleh
Methods For Quantifying Power Characteristics And Chronic Patterns Of Use Behavior Of Electronic Vaping Products, Qutaiba M. Saleh
Theses
Background: The complexity and variety of inhaled tobacco products have increased significantly with the introduction of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS). Product characteristics and human behavior are the main factors affecting products' emissions, consumption, and health effects. Combining the understanding of these two factors informs the next generation of regulations of these products. Quantifying use patterns helps health care professionals provide informed treatment of users addicted to nicotine and tobacco products. The literature lacks comprehensive studies to characterize ENDS hardware and operation, such as heating element resistance, battery performance, power, and thermal management. Human behavior is measured as use topography, …
The Earth Disk Model: Analysis And Integration Of Protoplanetary Disk Mineralogy And Structure, William Allen Richard Grimble
The Earth Disk Model: Analysis And Integration Of Protoplanetary Disk Mineralogy And Structure, William Allen Richard Grimble
Theses
Our understanding of how exoplanets form and evolve relies on analyses of both the mineralogy of protoplanetary disks and their detailed structures; however, these key complementary aspects of disks are usually studied separately. We present initial results from a hybrid model that combines the empirical characterization of the mineralogy of a disk, as determined from its mid-infrared spectral features, with the well-tested MCFOST radiative transfer disk model that takes into account realistic disk density and temperature structures, a combination we call the EaRTH Disk Model. With the results of the mineralogy detection serving as input to the radiative transfer model, …
Design Of An 8-Bit Configurable Cnn Hardware Accelerator For Audio And Image Classification, Christie Agbalessi
Design Of An 8-Bit Configurable Cnn Hardware Accelerator For Audio And Image Classification, Christie Agbalessi
Theses
Picture yourself resting or attending a meeting in the back seat while your car is driving you home with all the privacy a driverless vehicle offers. Designing autonomous systems involves decoding environmental cues and making safe decisions. Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs) are the leading choices for computer vision tasks due to their high performance and scalability to pieces of hardware. They have long been run on Graphical Processing Units (GPUs) and Central Processing Units (CPUs). Yet, today, there is an urgent need to accelerate CNNs in low-power consumption hardware for real-time inference. This research aims to design a configurable hardware …
Towards Real-Time Classification Of Human Imagined Language, Joseph Zonghi
Towards Real-Time Classification Of Human Imagined Language, Joseph Zonghi
Theses
The primary goal of this research was to develop a system capable of predicting a given user's imagined language in real time using their brainwave data. This research analyzed both FPGA-based and software based approaches to real-time classification of imagined language. The classification was binary between English and Japanese, and a dataset containing imagined speech from both languages was also created. Another goal of this research was to consider the effects of quantization of the network weights in order to examine the resulting utilization of the FPGA to allow for other applications to run in conjunction with our proposed system. …
A Method For Measuring Puffing And Respiratory Parameters Of Tobacco Users Within Their Natural Usage Environment, Shehan Jayasekera
A Method For Measuring Puffing And Respiratory Parameters Of Tobacco Users Within Their Natural Usage Environment, Shehan Jayasekera
Theses
Background: Although researchers have investigated the puffing behavior of tobacco products, no attempt has yet been made to observe both puffing and respiratory behaviors simultaneously in the natural use environment. Observation of puffing behavior alone is insufficient for predicting the health effects of tobacco use, as it can only be used to estimate the amount of emissions generated and transferred to the oral cavity. Respiration behavior must be observed for the estimation of delivery and retention of nicotine and other HPHCs in the lungs. Parameters that quantify respiratory behavior include inhalation and exhalation volumes, flow rates, and durations, as well …
On Uncertainty Propagation In Image-Guided Renal Navigation: Exploring Uncertainty Reduction Techniques Through Simulation And In Vitro Phantom Evaluation, Peter Jackson
Theses
Image-guided interventions (IGIs) entail the use of imaging to augment or replace direct vision during therapeutic interventions, with the overall goal is to provide effective treatment in a less invasive manner, as an alternative to traditional open surgery, while reducing patient trauma and shortening the recovery time post-procedure. IGIs rely on pre-operative images, surgical tracking and localization systems, and intra-operative images to provide correct views of the surgical scene. Pre-operative images are used to generate patient-specific anatomical models that are then registered to the patient using the surgical tracking system, and often complemented with real-time, intra-operative images. IGI systems are …
Cochlear Compartments Segmentation And Pharmacokinetics Using Micro Computed Tomography Images, Sanketh Satyanarayana Moudgalya
Cochlear Compartments Segmentation And Pharmacokinetics Using Micro Computed Tomography Images, Sanketh Satyanarayana Moudgalya
Theses
Local drug delivery to the inner ear via micropump implants has the potential to be much more effective than oral drug delivery for treating patients with sensorineural hearing loss and to protect hearing from ototoxic insult due to noise exposure. Delivering appropriate concentrations of drugs to the necessary cochlear compartments is of paramount importance; however, directly measuring local drug concentrations over time throughout the cochlea is not possible. Indirect measurement using otoacoustic emissions and auditory brainstem response are ineffective as they only provide an estimate of concentration and are susceptible to non-linear sensitivity effects. Imaging modalities such as MRI with …
Canine Gait Analysis: Interactive Online Tutorials For Veterinary Students, Allison Buck
Canine Gait Analysis: Interactive Online Tutorials For Veterinary Students, Allison Buck
Theses
The purpose of this thesis is to produce interactive tutorials that veterinary students can use to explore concepts that are often difficult to conceptualize, including (a) change in joint function, (b) muscle action and innervation, and (c) recognizing and locating normal vs. abnormal structure and function. Elements of this thesis include a complete 3D skeleton constructed using a series of canine CT (DICOM) files, illustrated overlays on video footage of a dog undergoing examination, and short interactive self-assessment tools. Students will be able to deconstruct and toggle components of the skeleton, as well as view the animated skeleton superimposed over …
Overview Of The Proceedings Of The 2021 Inclusion In Science, Learning A New Direction, Conference On Disability (Island), Cary Supalo, Jasodhara Bhattacharya, Daniel Steinberg
Overview Of The Proceedings Of The 2021 Inclusion In Science, Learning A New Direction, Conference On Disability (Island), Cary Supalo, Jasodhara Bhattacharya, Daniel Steinberg
Journal of Science Education for Students with Disabilities
No abstract provided.
Towards A Carbon-Neutral City By 2035: Innovative Transformation Of Domestic Solid Waste Collection And Recovery Services In Sharjah, Basem Abu Sneineh
Towards A Carbon-Neutral City By 2035: Innovative Transformation Of Domestic Solid Waste Collection And Recovery Services In Sharjah, Basem Abu Sneineh
Theses
This study quantifies the impact of an identified major step in the process of significant contribution to the transformation of Sharjah into a carbon-neutral city by the year 2035. This identified step applies to the concept of waste segregation at the residential sector source which means that the waste generators, i.e. Sharjah residents, are required to segregate the waste that they generate in their houses while disposing it. The march towards a carbon neutral city means driving the carbon dioxide emissions of the city to reach net-zero. This requires the UAE adopt this concept to ensure that the emitted amount …
Fabrication Of Nonplanar Surfaces Via 5-Axis 3d Printing, Ajinkya S. Patil
Fabrication Of Nonplanar Surfaces Via 5-Axis 3d Printing, Ajinkya S. Patil
Theses
The advancements in manufacturing have always played a vital role in human life. One of the most recent and growing manufacturing methods is additive manufacturing (AM). AM has been in focus for its ability to manufacture intricate parts with internal features which are not possible with traditional manufacturing processes. Making parts lighter and stronger has been the goal for most AM processes. The advancements in AM have made it possible to produce parts with high strength internal structures. The overall strength of the manufactured plastic parts depends on several variables. The part’s strength is determined by the material, the build …
The Dna Landscape: Development And Application Of A New Framework For Visual Communication About Dna, Leslie Kate Wright, Emalee Wrightstone, Lauren Trumpore, Julia Steele, Deanna M. Abid, Dina L. Newman
The Dna Landscape: Development And Application Of A New Framework For Visual Communication About Dna, Leslie Kate Wright, Emalee Wrightstone, Lauren Trumpore, Julia Steele, Deanna M. Abid, Dina L. Newman
Articles
Learning molecular biology involves using visual representations to communicate ideas about largely unobservable biological processes and molecules. Genes and gene expression cannot be directly visualized, but students are expected to learn and understand these and related concepts. Theoretically, textbook illustrations should help learners master such concepts, but how are genes and other DNA-linked concepts illustrated for learners? We examined all DNA-related images found in 12 undergraduate biology textbooks to better understand what biology students encounter when learning concepts related to DNA. Our analysis revealed a wide array of DNA images that were used to design a new visual framework, the …
Efficient Photonic Integrated Circuits – Optimizing Fiber-To-Chip Coupling, Modulation, And Detection, Peichuan Yin
Efficient Photonic Integrated Circuits – Optimizing Fiber-To-Chip Coupling, Modulation, And Detection, Peichuan Yin
Theses
Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) are attracting attention in a wide range of applications due to their superior performance over traditional discrete photonic devices. However, the development of PICs is bottlenecked by the integration of different fundamental building blocks. High sensitivity and diverse material properties hinder the realization of a monolithic photonic integrated circuit platform. High-efficiency solutions for photonic device integration are critical for making high-performance and low-cost devices. The objective of this work is to demonstrate high-efficiency optimization methods for a comprehensive photonic integrated chip system. This work analyzes the transition of optical signal waves between each component in a …
Analysis Of Growth And Decay In Neutrally Stable Flows, Colin Huber
Analysis Of Growth And Decay In Neutrally Stable Flows, Colin Huber
Theses
The stability of linearized partial differential equations (PDEs) governing disturbance propagation in a one-dimensional medium, such as a perturbed fluid-fluid interface, is traditionally deduced by examining the growth of exponential modes of the form hk = Akei(kx−!t), where hk is a mode associated with the height of the perturbed interface, Ak is its amplitude, k is a real wave number, ! is a complex frequency, x is the spatial direction, and t is time. It is assumed that these modes may be superimposed to construct the solution, h, to any response, and thus, if any of these modes grow in …