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Articles 301 - 330 of 10016
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Understanding The Interplay Between The Digital And The Physical In Shared Augmented Reality Gaming: Probing Through Urban Legends, Jiangnan Xu, Sanzida Mojib Luna, Garreth W. Tigwell, Nicolas Lalone, Michael Saker, Samuli Laato, John Dunham, Yihong Wang, Alan Chamberlain, Konstantinos Papangelis
Understanding The Interplay Between The Digital And The Physical In Shared Augmented Reality Gaming: Probing Through Urban Legends, Jiangnan Xu, Sanzida Mojib Luna, Garreth W. Tigwell, Nicolas Lalone, Michael Saker, Samuli Laato, John Dunham, Yihong Wang, Alan Chamberlain, Konstantinos Papangelis
Articles
Shared Augmented Reality (Shared AR) is an emerging technology that enables multiple users to interact synchronously within a collocated AR environment. Yet, there is limited research on the group interactions and dynamics in Shared AR, particularly in the context of gaming. To address this gap, we investigate Shared AR group interactions using a phone-based Shared AR mobile game called Urban Legends. Through in-situ observations, focus groups, and one-on-one interviews with 22 participants, we examine how users collaborate and communicate within the game. Our findings reveal that while verbal communication predominates, non-verbal cues are often overlooked by collocated participants, and …
Degradation Of Anthropogenic Debris In Stormwater Infrastructure Of The Lake Ontario Watershed, Evan Batte
Degradation Of Anthropogenic Debris In Stormwater Infrastructure Of The Lake Ontario Watershed, Evan Batte
Theses
The accumulation of anthropogenic debris (AD) in the Great Lakes is a growing issue with largely unknown consequences for ecological and human health. To better constrain estimates of debris loading into Lake Ontario and elucidate the fate of AD accumulating upstream, an incubation experiment of the most commonly identified littered products was conducted in different stormwater infrastructure within the Lake Ontario Watershed. Chip bags, cigarette filters, and shopping bags were placed into storm drains, stormwater retention ponds, and along riparian zones of tributaries in December of 2022 and July of 2023 to test the spatial (type of stormwater infrastructure [SWI]) …
Enhancing Adversarial Robustness In Convolutional Neural Networks By Integrating Human Viewing Strategies, Diana Velychko
Enhancing Adversarial Robustness In Convolutional Neural Networks By Integrating Human Viewing Strategies, Diana Velychko
Theses
Adversarial examples pose a serious threat to the reliability of deep neural networks by subtly manipulating inputs to induce incorrect outputs. Despite progress in the field, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) remain vulnerable to such perturbations. This research proposes a novel approach to improve adversarial robustness of CNNs by incorporating human viewing behavior into both training and testing processes. To establish a baseline for comparison with models trained from scratch, an eye-tracking dataset—collected during experiments involving novel objects from the Greeble dataset—was used to capture how humans learn to classify previously unseen object categories. This study compares model saliency with human …
Amorphous Oxide Semiconductor Materials And Devices For Monolithic And Heterogeneous Integration, Eli P. Powell
Amorphous Oxide Semiconductor Materials And Devices For Monolithic And Heterogeneous Integration, Eli P. Powell
Theses
The expanding consumer electronics industry has spurred significant advancements in display technology. Thin-Film Transistors (TFTs) serve as active matrix switching components in LCD and OLED panels. Amorphous metal-oxide semiconductors (AOS) support large-area deposition at low temperatures and boasts an electron mobility many times greater than that of amorphous silicon. This work presents a comprehensive study on AOS materials and devices for their introduction to display, monolithic integration, and heterogeneous integration applications. Key studies have focused on advancing the state of (Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide) IGZO TFTs by addressing challenges in device uniformity, reliability, and modeling. Device uniformity was improved by …
The Case For Mass Media Communication Theories In The Study Of Artificial Intelligence: A Uses And Gratifications & Parasocial Interaction Theory Approach, Colin Farmer
Theses
This study analyzes communication and relationship building between textual generative Artificial Intelligence programs and their users through the lens of parasocial interactions and uses and gratifications. It measures loneliness, knowledge gaining, and task completion as the primary reasons motivating perceived relationship development with AI applications. Through a quantitative survey, it explores the connections between time spent using AI, as well as the previously mentioned factors and seeks to determine what influences a user’s perceived relationship with an AI chatbot program. Comparisons are also drawn between the relationships with AI and the user’s relationships with celebrities, further expanding the justification for …
Analyzing Heat Transfer Mechanisms In Tapered Microgaps And Film Boiling With Computational Modeling Incorporating Nucleation Sites And Subcooled Fluids, Divyprakash Pal
Analyzing Heat Transfer Mechanisms In Tapered Microgaps And Film Boiling With Computational Modeling Incorporating Nucleation Sites And Subcooled Fluids, Divyprakash Pal
Theses
Applications such as nuclear reactors, data centers, and microelectronics require an understanding of the hydrodynamic and thermal behavior of liquid and vapor phases on heated surfaces. Phase change and interfacial dynamics enhance heat transfer in evaporation and condensation systems. This study simulates film evaporation, subcooled nucleate boiling, and confined boiling in tapered microgaps using customized Ansys Fluent with user-defined functions (UDFs) for sharp interface tracking and temperature-gradient-driven mass transfer. In film evaporation, the peak local heat transfer coefficient (HTC) reached 2170 W/(m²·K) at 0.5 mm film thickness. The maximum Nusselt number was 5.69 at 0.5 mm and the minimum was …
Dyadic And Multiparty Turn-Taking In Two Deaf Preschool Classrooms, Savannah Tellander
Dyadic And Multiparty Turn-Taking In Two Deaf Preschool Classrooms, Savannah Tellander
Theses
Conversational turn-taking skills are needed to succeed in most conversational interactions. Timing of turn-taking is crucial for young deaf signers, who need early, accessible, and consistent input in a signed and/or spoken language. For deaf children who acquire a language in either modality, they must acquire appropriate turn-taking skills. Without these abilities, children may miss critical language input, and in a cascading effect–they may miss opportunities both for input (and thus new knowledge) and expressive language. In addition to documenting deaf children’s turn-taking skills across development, it is important to also document timing data for further understanding of cognitive language …
Artificial Ignorance: Understanding The Role Of Ai In Modern Agnotology, Amit Ray, Michael Nolan
Artificial Ignorance: Understanding The Role Of Ai In Modern Agnotology, Amit Ray, Michael Nolan
Articles
This paper explores the concept of agnotology, the deliberate production of ignorance, within the context of modern scientific endeavors, particularly in the corporate and technological sectors. It examines how industries use various tactics to manipulate public understanding of scientific issues, often to protect profits and limit liability. The rise of private sector funding and the increasing reliance on technologies like AI and machine learning have exacerbated this process by making scientific inquiry more opaque and less accountable. Ultimately, we argue that as knowledge production becomes more entangled with corporate interests and technological systems, traditional methods of oversight and regulation are …
The Bandages Problem, James E. Marengo, Joseph G. Voelkel, David L. Farnsworth
The Bandages Problem, James E. Marengo, Joseph G. Voelkel, David L. Farnsworth
Articles
A new probability problem, named the Bandages Problem, is described and solved. The problem involves repeatedly selecting and removing an item at random from a finite population that initially consists of a known configuration of single and paired items. For each selection, the probability that the chosen item is single is found. Generalizations are suggested.
The Evolution Of The High Redshift Quiescent Population In Cosmos-Web, Carter B. Flayhart
The Evolution Of The High Redshift Quiescent Population In Cosmos-Web, Carter B. Flayhart
Theses
Understanding the quiescent galaxy population is incredibly important in the context of galaxy evolution. These galaxies are defined as having a low star formation rate, and their evolved stellar populations makes them identifiable by their redder colors in both the observed and rest-frame. Since their rest-frame optical emission lies in the infrared (IR) regime, observations of these galaxies at high redshifts were quite difficult prior to the launch of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Recent observations of this high redshift population conflict with galaxy formation and evolution models that existed prior, with quiescent galaxies being detected more frequently than …
Product, Process, And Behavior Influences On Value Retention Processes: Toward A Circular Economy In Consumer Electronics, Kyle Parnell
Product, Process, And Behavior Influences On Value Retention Processes: Toward A Circular Economy In Consumer Electronics, Kyle Parnell
Theses
Consumer electronic products (CEP) manufacturing and retail contribute markedly to global industrial activity; worldwide estimates suggest revenue growth from $1 trillion in 2020 to $1.5 trillion by 2026. Consequently, the production, distribution, use, and end-of-life (EOL) disposition of these products are responsible for considerable social and environmental impacts, including 35 million metric tonnes of waste to landfill per year, 793 million metric tonnes (MMT)—and growing—of carbon dioxide-equivalent (CO2e) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per year, and innumerable adverse effects on human health and development. Driving these impacts are the inherent characteristics of CEPs themselves, which increasingly require critical materials in design, …
Advancing The Utility Of Unmanned Aerial Systems (Uas)-Based Imaging Techniques In Broadacre Agriculture: A Multimodal Case Study On Table Beets, Mohammad Shahriar Saif
Advancing The Utility Of Unmanned Aerial Systems (Uas)-Based Imaging Techniques In Broadacre Agriculture: A Multimodal Case Study On Table Beets, Mohammad Shahriar Saif
Theses
Efficient and sustainable food production and management are growing concerns in the context of an ever-increasing global population. It is in this context that the integration of remote sensing with advanced imaging technologies presents transformative opportunities for data-driven decision-making in agriculture. This study therefore explores the use of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) equipped with multispectral, hyperspectral, and LiDAR sensors for the non-destructive monitoring of table beet (Beta vulgaris) crop traits, with a specific focus on root yield estimation and foliar disease assessment. Table beet, a subterranean crop of increasing commercial and nutritional importance, poses unique challenges for above-canopy sensing due …
Eviction Optimizations And Dynamic Lease Adjustments In A Single-Level Lease Cache, Vincent Michelini
Eviction Optimizations And Dynamic Lease Adjustments In A Single-Level Lease Cache, Vincent Michelini
Theses
In a computer system, a hierarchical memory aims to give processing cores the illusion that they have access to the largest capacity memory, i.e., the disk, at the shortest access time, i.e., that of the memory level closest to them - the one-, two-, or three- levels of cache. Therefore, an efficient operation of the cache is key to lowering the average memory access time. Toward this end, lowering the miss rate, which is the principal metric of cache performance, is the goal of any cache implementation. Traditional caches are automatic and reactive. Several prior iterations of this work have …
Towards A Foundational Framework For Real-World Active Learning: Theory, Algorithms, And Applications, Dayou Yu
Theses
While supervised learning has seen great success in the modern machine learning era, the challenge of obtaining high-quality labeled training data still exists. In many knowledge-rich domains, we still face the problem of letting machine learning models learn well using a limited number of labels. Active learning (AL) has been a prominent learning paradigm that deals with such problems. This thesis reviews the classical challenges of AL, summarizes how our prior work has advanced the field, and charts a course for adapting AL to realistic and challenging scenarios. We begin by discussing past work on standard scenarios for AL, including …
Retrofitting An Fdm Printer For 3d Printing With Cotton Yarn: A Novel Approach And Mechanical Property Evaluation, Muhammad Aghead Al Arnaout
Retrofitting An Fdm Printer For 3d Printing With Cotton Yarn: A Novel Approach And Mechanical Property Evaluation, Muhammad Aghead Al Arnaout
Theses
The rapid rise of 3D printing in industry has intensified research into developing advanced and sustainable printing materials, as the properties of the feedstock directly influence the performance of the final product. This thesis investigates the integration of natural cotton yarn into PLA (Polylactic Acid) to enhance mechanical behavior while maintaining cost-effectiveness, using a standard 3D printer without any modifications. Experimental results across three phases demonstrated consistent improvements. In the first phase, cotton–PLA composites exhibited higher ductility (+22.27%) and toughness (+10.51%) than pure PLA, albeit with lower stress values and a slight decrease in Young’s modulus. In the second phase, …
Enhancing Remote Operator Situational Awareness Leveraging Technology For Improved Decision-Making In Urban Emergency Response, Saleem Syed
Theses
The aim of this research is to develop a technology enabled Unified Emergency Response Platform (UERP) that enhances situational awareness, decision-making, and response efficiency during urban fire emergencies. Traditional systems, such as Hassantuk, are primarily reactive and focus on alarm verification, often leading to delays and limited coordination among stakeholders. To address these challenges, this study proposes an integrated framework that leverages the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), digital twins, and predictive analytics to enable early fire detection, rapid alarm validation, and optimized incident response. The platform is structured around three key phases: (1) Early detection and prediction …
Engineering Tunable Collagen Fiber Alignment Gradients To Quantify Contact Guidance Effects On Cell Migration, Indranil Mandar Joshi
Engineering Tunable Collagen Fiber Alignment Gradients To Quantify Contact Guidance Effects On Cell Migration, Indranil Mandar Joshi
Theses
Directional migration of cells is one of the most important physiological processes, necessary for tissue and organ development. It also plays a crucial role in pathological conditions such as cancer metastasis. This directed migration is influenced by various factors present in the native environment, which guide cells to migrate steadily in a specific direction. Due to its importance, over the years, a lot of emphasis has been placed on understanding and exploring the biochemical and biophysical factors that direct cell migration. In addition to the commonly studied biochemical and biophysical cues, contact guidance from collagen fibers, in the native matrix, …
Design Of A 32-Bit 4-Phase Asynchronous Risc-V Processor, Sean Jacobs
Design Of A 32-Bit 4-Phase Asynchronous Risc-V Processor, Sean Jacobs
Theses
As microchips become more complex, smaller, and faster, the clock skew and power consumption present significant design challenges. Asynchronous circuits offer a solution to these issues by replacing the global clock routing with handshaking circuitry. This thesis details the implementation of an asynchronous 32-bit RISC-V processor leveraging 4-phase bundled data handshaking to replace the clock used for synchronization. Key contributions include the development of a 4-stage pipelined RISC-V compliant processor architecture adapted for asynchronous operation, the design of a custom 45nm C-element cell crucial for handshaking synchronization, and analysis of its performance in terms of area, timing, and power. This …
Design Of A Posit Based 6-Bit Configurable Cnn Hardware Accelerator For Audio And Image Classification, Steven Ng
Theses
The rapid development and growing interest in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have resulted in a trend of models increasing in size and complexity at an accelerating rate. These larger models have demonstrated a greater ability to accomplish increasingly sophisticated tasks compared to smaller models, furthering the trend of making models larger. However, as the models continue to improve and grow larger, this has created a new challenge in deploying them into practical applications. Current models typically run inference on the same systems where they were trained. Large data centers comprising Central Processing Units (CPUs) and Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) are well-suited …
Multiplex Leiden Optimized Dynamic Network Microsegmentation And Flow Validation For Software Defined Networks, Rashed Husni Rashed Alnuman
Multiplex Leiden Optimized Dynamic Network Microsegmentation And Flow Validation For Software Defined Networks, Rashed Husni Rashed Alnuman
Theses
Modern digital infrastructure is fundamentally built upon robust networks, which underpin seamless communication, data exchange, and the operation of critical systems. These networks facilitate everything from internet access and real-time patient vital sign transfers in healthcare to the management and control of industrial processes. As demands on networks have surged, their complexity and functionality have evolved significantly, continuously adapting to diverse sectoral needs. However, this rapid evolution has also amplified security challenges. The escalating scale and intricacy of contemporary networks have exposed vulnerabilities that traditional perimeter-based security models are often insufficient to counter. Static defenses prove inadequate in dynamic environments …
Analytics Of Capstone Projects: Understanding Outcomes Through People, Products, And Processes, Hrushikesh C. Godbole
Analytics Of Capstone Projects: Understanding Outcomes Through People, Products, And Processes, Hrushikesh C. Godbole
Theses
The capstone project is a bridge from the university to industry. During the project, students not only learn the process of integrating previously learned engineering concepts into an actual product but also practice essential professional skills such as communication, teamwork, and project delivery. How can universities ensure effective capstone student learning and good outcomes? To answer this question, the capstone project is studied as a system comprising of products, people, and processes. People refer to the students and instructors involved. Students develop products by following development processes. Instructors guide students using instruction processes. In educational context there limited control over …
Haunted Echoes, Stuti Kasat
Haunted Echoes, Stuti Kasat
Theses
Haunted Echoes explores the narrative and emotional possibilities of interactive digital fiction by creating a room-based haunted experience. By placing the users within a haunted manor the project encourages emotional discovery through narrative exploration. As a room-based exploratory experience, users get to navigate a dollhouse-style 3D interface, interacting with objects to reveal layered micro-stories and uncover the manor’s haunted past. The experience turns spatial exploration into emotional discovery, drawing inspiration from immersive theater, point-and-click adventures, and environmental storytelling in video games. The thesis examines the intersection and overlap of interactive storytelling, visual communication, and emotional immersion, integrating 3D modeling (Blender/Cinema …
Meta-Learning Coordinated Eye–Hand Dynamics, Chengkuan Zhao
Meta-Learning Coordinated Eye–Hand Dynamics, Chengkuan Zhao
Theses
The analysis of fine-grained behavioral time-series, such as eye-hand coordination, offers a powerful lens for understanding neurodevelopmental disorders like Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Traditional assessments often miss subtle dynamic patterns that are critical for characterizing individual differences. This thesis investigates the temporal dynamics of coordinated eye and hand behavior in adolescents with and without ASD during a structured ”maze painting” tablet task. The goal is not to propose a new predictive model, but to use a state-of-the-art meta-learning framework based on latent Neural Ordinary Differential Equations (Neural ODEs) as a ”computational microscope” to explore how these behavioral dynamics vary within …
Evaluating Ai-Powered Predictive Analytics For Public Transport Demand In Dubai, Sara Ismail Dhalam
Evaluating Ai-Powered Predictive Analytics For Public Transport Demand In Dubai, Sara Ismail Dhalam
Theses
This thesis examines the application of AI-driven predictive analytics to model demand for metro and tram rides in Dubai, utilizing machine learning models in SAS Viya, as Dubai advances its innovative city initiatives. Research focuses on how seasonal variations, the use of metro lines, and types of communities affect trends in passenger flow. Gradient Boosting emerged as the most reliable predictive model, achieving the highest KS values in all scenarios. It effectively captured the increase in ridership during winter on the Red Metro Line and identified summer declines on the Green Line. The findings highlight significant seasonal fluctuations in residential …
Structure/Property/Processing Of Covalent Adaptable Networks Bearing Hindered Urea Bonds, Kory Schimmelpfennig
Structure/Property/Processing Of Covalent Adaptable Networks Bearing Hindered Urea Bonds, Kory Schimmelpfennig
Theses
Dynamic covalent chemistry provides the functional basis for the efficient and reliable exchange of reversible binding groups which enable self-repair thus avoiding structural impairment or permanent damage of material properties. Covalent adaptable networks (CANs) have garnered attention for the sustainable development of polymers capable of mending damages thus facilitating eco-friendly recyclability. This work aims to address the role of reaction pathway and manufacturing process on the subsequent properties of CANs bearing hindered urea bonds (HUBs). HUBs have proven easy to incorporate into polymers and exhibit moderate temperature thermo-reversibility and creep resistance. In this investigation we study the effects of preparing …
Enhancement Of Ultrasonic Welding Of Bulk Carbon Nanotube-Metallic And Graphene-Metallic Conductors, Daniel L. Broderick
Enhancement Of Ultrasonic Welding Of Bulk Carbon Nanotube-Metallic And Graphene-Metallic Conductors, Daniel L. Broderick
Theses
Nanostructured carbon sheets comprising carbon nanotube (CNT) or graphene are appealing for electrode and antenna applications. Physical connection to metal conductors requires enhanced mechanical strength, electrical performance, and thermal capability. Ultrasonic welding is a viable technique to fabricate stable and robust bonds but requires methods to further reduce electrical resistance and improve mechanical strength. The present dissertation has advanced ultrasonic welding between bulk CNT electrodes and Cu foil by utilizing chemically doped junctions at the bond interface. Specifically, a selective doping strategy using KAuBr4 at the bonding regions between bulk CNT electrodes and Cu lowers the electrical contact resistance measured …
Real-Time Fraud Detection Using Big Data, Abdulla Matar Alketbi
Real-Time Fraud Detection Using Big Data, Abdulla Matar Alketbi
Theses
In today’s digital world, fraud detection has become an important part of financial security. This study explores and compares the performance of different machine learning models in identifying fraudulent transactions using the IEEE-CIS Fraud Detection dataset. Techniques such as Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, Deep Neural Networks, and Logistic Regression were evaluated. The dataset was pre-processed using SMOTE to balance the classes and improve model sensitivity to fraud cases. Each performance of the model was assessed using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The Random Forest model achieved the highest overall performance with an F1-score of 99.23
Calibration Of Detectors For The Tomographic Ionized-Carbon Mapping Experiment, Tessalie A. Caze-Cortes
Calibration Of Detectors For The Tomographic Ionized-Carbon Mapping Experiment, Tessalie A. Caze-Cortes
Theses
Observations of the intensity of the sky at millimeter (mm) wavelengths require accurate calibrations for the spectrometers to work with radio telescopes. However, calibrating is a complex and lengthy process for sensitive detectors that catch single photons. To improve efficiency in locating defective detectors and optimizing bias current, my research involves taking data from previous lab characterizations and creating an algorithm that analyzes and plots the code of all 1920 detectors. This thesis will discuss the importance of mm-wavelength intensity mapping and the questions the TIME research team aims to address. Also, a detailed description of mechanical and computational components …
Macroscopic Roughness Modeling Of Satellite Multi-Layer Insulation Reflectance, Kevin P. Donnelly
Macroscopic Roughness Modeling Of Satellite Multi-Layer Insulation Reflectance, Kevin P. Donnelly
Theses
Reflectance modeling of specular surfaces with irregular geometries remains difficult to solve for an array of applications. In the growing space industry, there are many spacecraft materials with high specularity and varying levels of roughness. Modeling these materials in simulations becomes difficult as any realistic amount of roughness is added, necessitating more accurate physical models to represent how light is interacting with these surfaces. While some work has been done to attempt to characterize the spectral signatures of the materials themselves using hyperspectral imaging systems, the scope of these efforts has been fairly limited and not representative of the conditions …
Impact Of Precursor Solvent Chemistry On Electrical Properties Of Indium Oxide Films For Thin-Film Transistors, Joshua Masri
Impact Of Precursor Solvent Chemistry On Electrical Properties Of Indium Oxide Films For Thin-Film Transistors, Joshua Masri
Theses
Indium oxide In_2O_3 combines high carrier mobility with optical transparency, making it a promising candidate for next-generation thin-film electronics. However, its electrical performance is highly sensitive to fabrication parameters, particularly the chemistry of solution-based precursors, which can alter defect landscapes and carrier transport mechanisms. This work systematically examines how solvent choice influences the structural and electronic properties of solution-processed In_2O_3 thin films, isolating processing–property relationships that remain insufficiently understood. Films prepared from water and 2-methoxyethanol (2ME) precursors were characterized using temperature-dependent transmission line method (TLM) measurements from 30~K to 300~K. Water-processed films exhibited consistently lower sheet resistance, a reduced activation …