Digital Commons Network^™

Exploring Aerial Additive Manufacturing With Cementitious Materials Using Autonomous Drones, Richard James Ball, Barrie Dams, Paul Shepherd, Binling Chen

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Aerial additive manufacturing (AAM) represents a novel approach to construction by enabling untethered autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs, or drones) to deposit cementitious materials in mid-flight, overcoming geometric and accessibility limitations associated with ground-based additive manufacturing. This study presents research to investigate the structural viability of cementitious mixes tailored for aerial extrusion, focusing on rheological optimisation, mechanical performance, and deposition feasibility. Pseudoplastic behaviour was achieved through the use of hydrocolloids, enabling low viscosity under shear for extrusion while rapidly stiffening post-deposition to maintain layer geometry. Fibre reinforcement and inorganic fullerene tungsten disulphide (IF-WS₂) nanoparticles were incorporated to enhance flexural strength, …

Deploying 3d Concrete Printing For Large-Scale Building Construction In Saudi Arabia: A Case Study, Zakiah Yousif Altehaini, Mohammed Ahmad Dayili, Meshari Ali Alrajab, Adel Nasser Alharbi, Ali Khudhran Alutaibi, Eyad Hamzah Garatly

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

This paper details the successful large-scale implementation of 3D concrete printing (3DCP) for the construction of large building in remote area of Saudi Arabia. As one of the first religious buildings in the region constructed using additive manufacturing, this project showcases 3DCP's technological and environmental potential for contemporary building. In order to ensure sustainability and cost effectiveness, the mosque was constructed using a COBOD BOD2 gantry printer and a customised concrete mix made up of 99% locally sourced materials and 1% CEMEX D-fab admixture. To maximise thermal insulation and accommodate mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) systems, the structure included a …

Microstructure Characterisation Of Alkali-Activated Fly Ash-Slag Paste At Elevated Temperatures, Wenlin Tu, Mingzhong Zhang

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Alkali-activated fly ash-slag (AAFS) cured at ambient temperature has been considered as a promising eco-friendly alternative to traditional cement-based binders, offering reduced carbon emissions and enhanced durability. However, understanding how these materials respond to extreme conditions, particularly at high temperatures, remains a critical area of study. Therefore, it is essential to investigate this material for ensuring their reliability in fire-prone and high-temperature environments. This paper presents a systematic experimental study on microstructural and damage evolution in AAFS paste exposed to elevated temperatures (from 20 °C to 800 °C) in terms of changes in phase assemblage and pore structural characteristics as …

Static Compressive Behaviour Of A Novel Functionally Graded 3d Re-Entrant Lattice Reinforced High Performance Concrete, Yiwei Xuan, Mingzhong Zhang, Dianwei Gao

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

This study systematically studies the static mechanical properties of high-performance concrete (HPC) reinforced with a 3D re-entrant lattice structure, considering the effect of functionally gradient design. The uniform 3D re-entrant lattice (U) and the corresponding vertically positively and negatively graded lattices (FG1 and FG2) were designed and manufactured with 3D printing. The plain HPC (P-HPC) and HPC reinforced with U (U-HPC), FG1 (G1-HPC) and FG2 (G2-HPC) were fabricated accordingly. Static compressive tests were then conducted to investigate the static compressive behaviour of 3D re-entrant lattice and corresponding lattice reinforced HPC. Results indicate that all 3D re-entrant structures exhibit clear NPR …

Impact Of Sulfate Activation Of Slag Cement On The Performance Of Coarse Recycled Aggregate Concrete, Md Ikramullah Khan, V Vinayaka Ram

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

The global construction industry is facing increasing pressure to adopt sustainable practices, driving the search for alternatives to conventional concrete. This research investigates the development of eco-friendly concrete by replacing virgin coarse aggregates with recycling plant-based coarse recycled aggregates (CRAs) and utilising Portland slag cement (PSC). While PSC-CRA based concrete offers environmental advantages, it typically exhibits lower early-age strength and durability, limiting its practical application. To address these limitations, a systematic experimental study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) as a chemical activator to the binder. This research comprehensively assessed the impact of the activator on …

Recent Advances In Geopolymer Feedstocks Activation For Sustainable Cement Production, Oluyemi Kehinde, David J. Hughes, Emeka H. Amalu, Dali Bondar

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

The growing environmental and safety issues posed by human activities have underlined the importance of Ordinary Portland Cement production, which is a major contributor to carbon dioxide emissions that impede Net Zero goals. The urgent need to produce cement substitutes with reduced carbon footprints has prompted research on geopolymers formed from industrial mineral wastes. These materials provide promising sustainable development solutions, but the selection of appropriate activation methods remains a significant constraint to their widespread industrial and economical application. A systematic review using the PRISMA protocol included 302 recent and relevant papers, identifying four principal activation strategies and their combinations …

Influence Of Printing Speed And Nozzle Size On Buildability Of 3d Printed Concrete Walls: A Nonlinear Finite Element Study, Auliagitta Kumala Apsari, Asdam Tambusay, Priyo Suprobo, Benny Suryanto

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

The increasing adoption of additive manufacturing in construction necessitates robust simulation frameworks capable of capturing the time-dependent mechanical behaviour of fresh concrete. This study examines the influence of printing speed and nozzle size on the buildability of infilled concrete walls using finite element (FE) simulations. A nonlinear fracture-plastic constitutive model was employed to simulate the time-dependent mechanical behaviour of fresh concrete, with the modelling framework first validated against previously published experimental data to ensure reliability. Subsequently, six wall configurations were analysed, incorporating nozzle diameters of 30 mm and 40 mm, and printing speeds of 20, 30, and 40 mm/s. The …

Steel Fibre Reinforced Self-Compacting Geopolymer Concrete Structural Members, Jubilant Nyasha Chidziya, Chikako Fujiyama

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

Geopolymer concrete (GPC) is an innovative and sustainable alternative to ordinary Portland cement concrete (OPC) for structures in seismic prone areas owing to tough and ductile performance due to strong bond with steel reinforcement. However, the application of GPC in construction projects is low due to limited understanding of the long-term performance of structural members. The objective of this study is to examine the effects of steel fibres on the flexural properties of self-compacting geopolymer concrete (SCGC) and OPC beams. The study involved investigation of the fresh and mechanical properties of concrete. Structural parameters such as toughness, and ductility index …

Surface Morphology, Bond Strength And Failure Behaviour Of Steel Vs Basalt Rebars In Alkali Activated Concrete, Ansu Mary Alex, Sreejith Nanukuttan, Adeline Mccartney, Marios Soutsos, Daniel Mcpolin

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

This microscopic characteristics of basalt bars after exposure to alkaline solutions and pullout performance of steel and basalt rebars embedded in conventional and alkali-activated concrete were studied. The overarching goal is to assess the potential of basalt rebars as an alternative to conventional steel reinforcement in alkali activated concrete elements. To understand their durability in alkaline environments, especially within alkali-activated concrete (AAC), steel and basalt rebars were subjected to an accelerated exposure test in high-pH simulated concrete pore solutions, for 24hrs. This aimed to replicate the aggressive internal environment typically found in AAC and mixes with supplementary cementitious materials. Post-exposure …

Durability Performance Of 3d-Printed Ultra-High Strength Concrete Incorporating Corrosion Inhibitor, Jyotish Kumar Das, M. Mirza Abdillah Pratama, Behzad Nematollahi, Maurizio Guadagnini

International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures

This paper reports preliminary results on the durability performance of a 3D-printed ultra-high strength concrete (3DP-UHSC). A nitrite-based compound was added at varying dosages (0%, 2%, and 4% by mass of binder) to the developed 3DP-UHSC as a corrosion inhibitor. The effects of the corrosion inhibitor on the workability of fresh mixes and the mechanical properties (compressive and flexural strengths in various directions) of the 3DP-UHSC mixes were studied. Furthermore, the durability performance of the 3DP-UHSC was assessed by conducting porosity, water absorption, and chloride permeability measurements. Mould-cast specimens were also prepared and tested for comparison purposes. The results indicated …

Incorporating An Innovative Kennel In A Guide Dog Program Based On The Health And Welfare Of Dogs And Humans, Naoko Koda, Miwa Murata, Sakura Mizuta

People and Animals: The International Journal of Research and Practice

During guide dog training, dogs live in kennels and lack house training. The demand for guide dogs that can live easily with their users who are visually impaired is increasing. The Kansai Guide Dogs for the Blind Association (KGBDA) in Japan built an innovative wooden kennel (Mokka Terrace) that is more similar to homes than general kennels and that efficiently controlled dogs and reviewed their operations. This study conducted a literature survey, participant observations, and semi-structured interviews with staff to clarify the background and consensus-building process involved in creating the Mokka Terrace, corresponding efforts, and its strengths, issues, and prospects. …

Editorial, Joseph P. Hupy, Mary M. Fink

Journal of Aviation Technology and Engineering

Editorial for JATE 13.2.

Editorial, Joseph P. Hupy, Mary M. Fink

Journal of Aviation Technology and Engineering

Editorial for JATE 13.1.

A Novel Approach For Geopolymer Setting Control: Heat Pre-Treatment Of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag, Zhuguo Li, Ko Ikeda

C3 Symposium 2025

This study aimed to develop a technology for delaying the setting of geopolymer (GP) or alkali-activated material (AAM) that utilizes ground granulated blast-furnace slag (BFS) as a precursor. The approach involved pre-treating the BFS through heating. A detailed investigation was conducted to understand how the heating temperature and duration influenced the chemical characteristics of the BFS, as well as the setting behavior and compressive strength of the resulting GP. The experimental results indicated that when BFS was heat-treated at temperatures below 750°C, it maintained its amorphous state regardless of the heating time. Consequently, its reactivity remained almost equivalent to that …

Individuals’ Experiences Of Care Partner Involvement In Heart Disease Management: A Pilot Study, Elizabeth Richards

School of Nursing Faculty Publications

Introduction: Heart disease impacts both those diagnosed and their families, often due to lifestyle modifications that can alter family dynamics. While existing literature focuses on men and married individuals, understanding care partner involvement for both men and women independent of marital status is important, given gender disparities in heart disease experiences, caregiving roles, and widowhood rates. We explored differences in characteristics of men and women with heart disease, with and without a care partner. Additionally, we explored involvement of care partner beyond spousal relationships. We further examined gender differences in these experiences. Method: Cross-sectional Prolific survey pilot data of persons …

Reference At A Remote Field Station: A Case Study Of Ecology, Environmental Science And Geology Fieldwork At An Embedded Library, Thomas Gerrish

Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research

Purpose Field station libraries, particularly those serving biological and marine research stations, represent a unique but understudied class of special libraries. This case study investigates reference services at the remote University of Michigan Biological Station (UMBS) to provide a baseline assessment of how such services support the information needs related to research in ecology, geology and environmental science.

Design/methodology/approach The study recorded, coded and analyzed 209 reference transactions from the 2022 and 2023 summer sessions, revealing trends in patron inquiries and the role of the reference desk. Further, the case study examined the organizational structure, community interaction and mission of …

Book Review Of Koan Khmer: A Novel, Christine Su

Journal of Southeast Asian American Education and Advancement

On rare occasions, I come across a book that truly resonates with me, with storylines and narrator enquiries that echo my own, and characters whose dispositions harken back to my own family members, friends, and myself. As the U.S.-born daughter of a Khmer (Cambodian) father, this is a rare occurrence. This is not to say that I do not enjoy reading works of fiction that transport me to other worlds or allow me to see things through the eyes of someone whose experiences are vastly different than mine—I do. Yet I long for narratives that offer familiarity, understanding, and a …

Leapp Basic Code Sight Word Vocabulary Screener, Chenell Loudermill, Tamar Greenwell

Purdue-LEaPP Assessment Toolkit

The LEaPP Basic Code Sight Word Vocabulary Screener can be used to determine which words a learner has in their sight word vocabulary. These words are organized according to the concepts on the LEaPP Scope and Sequence Progress Monitoring Form. The list contains phonetic and non-phonetic words that are frequently used in early reading text and each set has an established criteria for mastery. The accompanying PowerPoint deck allows for quick examination of a learners’ sight word vocabulary. This document contains instructions for use and the record form.

Leapp Advanced Code Sight Word Vocabulary Screener, Chenell Loudermill, Tamar Greenwell

Purdue-LEaPP Assessment Toolkit

The LEaPP Advanced Code Sight Word Vocabulary Screener can be used to determine which words a learner has in their sight word vocabulary. These words are organized according to the concepts on the LEaPP Scope and Sequence Progress Monitoring Form, starting with advanced concepts. The list contains phonetic and non-phonetic words that are frequently used in early reading text and each set has an established criteria for mastery. The accompanying PowerPoint deck allows for quick examination of a learners’ sight word vocabulary. This document contains instructions for use and the record form.

Leapp Basic Code Sight Word Vocabulary Screener Powerpoint Set 1-5, Chenell Loudermill, Tamar Greenwell

Purdue-LEaPP Assessment Toolkit

This slide deck contains the words for the LEaPP Basic Code Sight Word Vocabulary Screener. The deck is organized by set and contains directions for use.

Leapp Advanced Code Sight Word Vocabulary Screener Powerpoint Set 1-12, Chenell Loudermill, Tamar Greenwell

Purdue-LEaPP Assessment Toolkit

This slide deck contains the words for the LEaPP Advanced Code Sight Word Vocabulary Screener. The deck is organized by set and contains directions for use.

Integrating Food Loss And Waste Reduction Policies With Global Dietary Shifts: An Economic Modelling Study, Alessandro Gatto, Maksym Chepeliev

Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty Publications

Background

Methods

A Quick Start Guide To Science Of Reading Aligned Textbooks For Literacy Instruction, Melanie R. Kuhn, Jennifer Schumaker, Catherine Mcbride

Science of Reading

Faculty in Educator Preparation Programs (EPPs) are facing the critical task of selecting appropriate textbooks and course materials as programs across the United States are realigning their curriculum for literacy instruction to reflect the evidence-based principles of the Science of Reading (SoR). This quick-start guide was developed from a collaborative discussion during The Reading League - Indiana Higher Education Collaboration’s September 2025 meeting. It offers a quick start list of foundational and supplementary texts. The guide highlights a few of the most popular comprehensive textbooks used and includes their National Council on Teacher Quality (NCTQ) rating. While not exhaustive, this …

“If I Ruled The World”: Deploying Spatial Imaginaries For Examining Anti-Blackness And Space In Precollege Engineering Education, Christopher Wright, Monet V. F. Harbison

Journal of Pre-College Engineering Education Research (J-PEER)

Engineering’s systemic exclusion of Black people has been a decades-long inquiry. While critical race theory and community cultural wealth have been utilized to examine anti-Blackness in precollege engineering education, critical geographies have been underutilized. This essay contends that the deployment of a spatial imaginaries lens could be used to expand understandings of the spatial imaginary of anti-Blackness in the discipline. Using historical and contemporary data from an engineering high school as well as nonpositivist ways of knowing, the essay contends that examining spatial realities and underpinnings are opportune provocations for redefining purposes, assumptions, and values in precollege engineering education.

Public Perceptions Of Universities As Public Entities During The Covid-19 Pandemic Era, Jinho Jung, Laura Barrett, Nicole Olynk Widmar, Mario Ortez

Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty Publications

Higher education institutions are facing challenges in navigating social, cultural, and political issues. The online presence of higher education presents a new set of opportunities and challenges; knowledge, news, and continuing education are increasingly disseminated online. Additionally, the public, student bodies and stakeholders are increasingly looking at reviews or seeking opinions via online and social media to form opinions on institutions. This analysis uses online and social media to analyze and compare perceptions of two public universities in Indiana, namely Purdue University and Indiana University. These two Indiana institutions are located in the same state, allowing for comparisons of public …

Challenging The School Boundaries: Exploring Challenges And Opportunities In Homeschooling Engineering Education, Luis Montero-Moguel, Cynthia Lima, Guadalupe Carmona, Verónica Vargas-Alejo

Journal of Pre-College Engineering Education Research (J-PEER)

Homeschooling sparks controversy regarding the quality of education when compared to the traditional schooling system. However, homeschooling rates have doubled nationwide since the pandemic, especially among minorities. Funding and curricular material resources may be limited for homeschooling families, especially those from diverse backgrounds. Therefore, this essay discusses the need to expand the current boundaries of engineering education to include homeschooling communities. Drawing from our homeschooling experience, we present three recommendations that respect the cultures and unique characteristics of homeschooling to promote engineering practices in these communities. Our proposal challenges negative perceptions of homeschooling, enhancing our understanding of its unique characteristics …

Paws And Effect: Canine Companionship And Outcomes In The Chronic Health Condition Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, Kimberley C. Schenke, Joanna Foster, Danielle Stephens-Lewis

People and Animals: The International Journal of Research and Practice

Emerging research suggests canine companions may support the management of health conditions, yet evidence within complex, long-term conditions like hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (hEDS) remains limited. hEDS is a multifaceted condition often associated with social withdrawal. Thus, the current research provided a high-powered investigation into whether the nonjudgmental support of canine companions could improve health and well-being outcomes for individuals with hEDS. An online survey of 401 participants was utilized to compare differences in health and well-being among individuals with hEDS who have a canine companion to those who do not. Results revealed that participants with canine companions experienced fewer difficulties …

The Synergy Between Sfrc And Structural Steel In Increasing The Ductility Of Composite Structures, Gonzalo Ruiz, Ángel De La Rosa, Vaibhav W. Masih, Riccardo Zanon

C3 Symposium 2025

Our research on the compressive behavior of steel-fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) led to a constitutive model in Annex L ofthe new Eurocode 2. This recognition piqued the interest of ArcelorMittal, who requested that we explore the implications of increased compression ductility for composite structures, particularly beams with embedded structural steel sections. The findings from this research demonstrate that the compressive ductility of SFRC enables us to fully utilize the tensile capacity of structural steel in composite structures, resulting in unprecedented levels of structural ductility.

Sustainability Assessment Of Jointed Plain Concrete Pavements And Fibre-Reinforced Concrete Pavements, Ajeesh Koorikkattil, Sunitha K. Nayar, Veena Venudharan

C3 Symposium 2025

Ensuring sustainability of construction and maintenance is critical to the widespread application of fibre-reinforced concrete (FRC) for pavements, which offer higher performance and increased service life. However, investigations in terms of economic and environmental impact assessments are essential for assessing the extent of benefits from this technology. It is important since a large volume of concrete is being consumed for pavement construction worldwide and leads to significant environmental issues, including carbon emissions, resource extraction, energy consumption, air pollution, etc. Consequent to this understanding, this research focuses on the comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) to investigate the environmental impacts of the …

Efficiency Of Microstructural Reinforcement For Concrete In Tension, Barzin Mobasher

C3 Symposium 2025

While fiber reinforcement in concrete has been used for more than 60+ years, the adoption of enhanced tensile properties using secondary reinforcement to focus on serviceability and efficiency are still under development. The key role of various fiber reinforcement systems is to improve the design efficiency in concrete. A better understanding of such alternative reinforcement strategies in the development hybrid reinforcing systems such as Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC), Textile reinforced concrete (TRC), and hybrid applications are needed. Our research activity focuses on an overview of test developments with closed loop control tension, flexure, high-speed, impact, fatigue, full-structural scale, and creep tests. …