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Modeling Of Reynolds Stress Tensor With Embedded Galilean Invariance Using A Supervised Deep Learning Algorithm, Dominik Tobias Hauger
Modeling Of Reynolds Stress Tensor With Embedded Galilean Invariance Using A Supervised Deep Learning Algorithm, Dominik Tobias Hauger
Open Access Theses
Most flows of engineering interest are turbulent. Direct numerical or scale-resolved simulations (DNS) of turbulent flows could provide all of the information desired about such flows. However, these simulations are highly demanding computationally and are not feasible with today’s computing capabilities. Currently, turbulent flows of engineering interest are typically addressed by performing simulations based on the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with the eddy-viscosity model. Despite the tremendous progress made, more research is still needed in developing more accurate and more broadly applicable eddy-viscosity models. Steve Pope in a JFM paper published in 1975 the most general expression for the …
Synthesis Of Inhomogeneous Waves Using The Least-Squares Method, Trevor A. Kyle
Synthesis Of Inhomogeneous Waves Using The Least-Squares Method, Trevor A. Kyle
Open Access Theses
The aim of the work presented in this document is to demonstrate the versatility and applicability of least-squares reconstruction of acoustic waves. Appropriately tailored, certain kinds of acoustic waves are able to thermomechanically excite energetic materials in a safe, reliable manner. This allows for easier and more effective detection than current methods are able to offer. Typically, due to the large impedance difference between any given fluid and solid, it is exceedingly difficult to transmit energy between the two dissimilar media. However, it has been shown that certain spatially decaying plane waves, called inhomogeneous waves, are able to breach the …
Development And Evaluation Of Automated Virtual Refrigerant Charge Sensor Training Kit, Akash Patil
Development And Evaluation Of Automated Virtual Refrigerant Charge Sensor Training Kit, Akash Patil
Open Access Theses
In a vapor compression system, the amount of refrigerant charge significantly affects the performance of the unit. Improperly charged systems run sub-optimally and thus result in higher operating costs due to increased energy usage. The unit can be undercharged due to a small leakage over the years. Similarly, the unit can be overcharged due to improper maintenance practices. Currently, there is no direct way to measure the amount of refrigerant in the system. In this thesis, virtual refrigerant charge sensors were developed and implemented for a rooftop unit using a previously developed approach. An open lab methodology with low cost …
Including Reaction Times In Multinomial Processing Trees, Xiaofang Zheng
Including Reaction Times In Multinomial Processing Trees, Xiaofang Zheng
Open Access Theses
Processing trees are widely used to model the accuracy in tasks. For the mental process of a task, people’s responses can be analyzed in terms of response probabilities and reaction time. Our project is to include reaction times in processing trees. Given a processing tree, if two sets of parameter values lead to the same predictions for response probabilities and response times, then there are equations relating parameter values in one set to those in the other set. We derived these equations and calculated relevant degrees of freedom. The current study also includes results on the following topics: the restricting …
Uv/Chlorine Treatment Of Antx-A, Moshan Chen
Uv/Chlorine Treatment Of Antx-A, Moshan Chen
Open Access Theses
Chlorination followed by UV irradiation (Cl/UV) is a newly developed advanced oxidation process (AOP) that has several advantages over other AOPs. Specifically, as compared to the UV/H2O2 process, Cl/UV can provide the required chlorine residual in potable water systems, and avoids the additional chlorine demand to quench residual H2O2. Also, for research purposes, UV254 emitted from low-pressure mercury lamp could more efficiently yield free radicals from HOCl and OCl-and decrease 30-75% of the energy requirement. Cyanotoxins, as one of the most threatening toxic substances in our freshwater, have been investigated regarding their degradation, including through the use of AOPs. However, …
Exploitation Of The Cloud: Comparing The Perspectives Of Cybercriminals And Cybersecurity Experts, Pei-Ting Lee
Exploitation Of The Cloud: Comparing The Perspectives Of Cybercriminals And Cybersecurity Experts, Pei-Ting Lee
Open Access Theses
As the rise of cloud technology bring about new possibilities to businesses and individuals alike, it also provides cybercriminals with new forms of weapons. The accessibility and availability of computing resources that have induced consumers to increasingly shift their data to the cloud can also be exploited by cybercriminals to facilitate attacks. Therefore, it is important to understand the different ways the cloud environment can be abused by cybercriminals. Analyzing the most commonly reported misuse of the cloud from the cybercriminals’ point of view can allow cloud service providers to reevaluate their policies and infrastructure to decrease, if not prevent, …
In Situ Spectroscopic Characterization Of Surface-Isolated Water Oxidation Catalysts, Yuliana Pineda Galvan
In Situ Spectroscopic Characterization Of Surface-Isolated Water Oxidation Catalysts, Yuliana Pineda Galvan
Open Access Theses
Green plants convert sunlight into chemical energy in the process of photosynthesis. Key step of this process is water oxidation, which generates four protons, four electrons and dioxygen, and it requires a catalyst. Replicating this process would enable widespread use of solar energy. Ruthenium-based complexes were the first artificial water oxidation catalyst discovered. They have been extensively studied in solution under water oxidation conditions modeled by chemical oxidation. However, chemical oxidation requires extremely oxidizing conditions and may lead to catalyst degradation. Practical applications of ruthenium catalysts for water oxidation require more controlled conditions via isolation of a studied catalyst on …
Hybrid Flocking Control Algorithm With Application To Coordination Between Multiple Fixed-Wing Aircraft, Dawei Sun
Open Access Theses
Flocking, as a collective behavior of a group, has been investigated in many areas, and in the recent decade, flocking algorithm design has gained a lot of attention due to its variety of potential applications. Although there are many applications exclusively related to fixed-wing aircraft, most of the theoretical works rarely consider these situations. The fixed-wing aircraft flocking is distinct from the general flocking problems by four practical concerns, which include the nonholonomic constraint, the limitation of speed, the collision avoidance and the efficient use of airspace. None of the existing works have addressed all these concerns. The major difficulty …
Low Intensity Focused Ultrasound Stimulation Of The Vagus Nerve For Modulation Of The Inflammatory Reflex Assessed In Rats, Kelsey M. Wasilczuk
Low Intensity Focused Ultrasound Stimulation Of The Vagus Nerve For Modulation Of The Inflammatory Reflex Assessed In Rats, Kelsey M. Wasilczuk
Open Access Theses
Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects approximately 300 million people globally, with over 15% having treatment-resistant depression (TRD). People with depression have elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, especially tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Electrical vagus nerve stimulation (eVNS) is an alternative treatment option that works by reducing cytokine production, but requires surgery and isn’t always effective. As an alternative, I propose the use of focused ultrasound stimulation of the vagus nerve (fVNS), which can be applied non-invasively. Low intensity focused ultrasound stimulation has previously been used to stimulate structures in the brain and peripheral nerves such as the sciatic and abducens. …
Numerical Simulation Of Combustion In The Ironmaking Blast Furnace Raceway, Tyamo Okosun
Numerical Simulation Of Combustion In The Ironmaking Blast Furnace Raceway, Tyamo Okosun
Open Access Dissertations
As almost all conversion of raw iron ore to pig iron at the start of the ironmaking process currently takes place in a blast furnace, these furnaces remain a critical component in the iron and steelmaking industry. Enhancements in the efficiency of blast furnace operation have a significant effect on industrial energy consumption, as the process represents nearly 70% of the total energy consumption of the iron and steelmaking process. Over the past several decades, auxiliary fuel injection has been adopted as a method of reducing the total amount of coke necessary for furnace operation. Coke making is both energy …
Studies On The Impact Initiation And Kinetics Of Condensed Phase Reactives With Application To The Shock Induced Reaction Synthesis Of Cubic Boron Nitride, Matthew T. Beason
Studies On The Impact Initiation And Kinetics Of Condensed Phase Reactives With Application To The Shock Induced Reaction Synthesis Of Cubic Boron Nitride, Matthew T. Beason
Open Access Dissertations
Shock induced reaction synthesis is a complex, scientifically rich field with the potentially to produce novel materials with unique properties. This work seeks to understand the processes governing shock induced reaction synthesis. Particular emphasis is placed on the reaction kinetics of condensed phase reactives under various mechanical and thermal heating rates. This understanding was then applied to the synthesis of cubic boron nitride through shock induced reaction synthesis. Mechanical initiation of reactions in powder systems involve complex interactions that can yield unexpected results. Two materials that exhibit similar thermal responses can behave very differently under the same loading conditions due …
Raw Material Variability In Food Manufacturing, Brian A. Bourquard
Raw Material Variability In Food Manufacturing, Brian A. Bourquard
Open Access Dissertations
We develop and parameterize a model to examine the impact of raw material variability on food manufacturing outcomes. We partner with a large food manufacturing firm whose primary raw material is wheat-flour to examine if variability in flour attributes impacts the firm’s finished goods quality and net-revenue outcomes. The food manufacturer faces a daily operations challenge to take wheat-flour, whose attributes vary between batches, and create a premium finished product. They alter their manufacturing controls between each batch to accommodate raw material variability. We develop two models, one to maximize finished goods quality, and the other to maximize net-revenues. We …
Development Of Targeted Pro-Angiogenic Therapies For Ischemic Diabetic Foot Ulcer Repair, Jenny B. Lin
Development Of Targeted Pro-Angiogenic Therapies For Ischemic Diabetic Foot Ulcer Repair, Jenny B. Lin
Open Access Dissertations
Between 15-25% of diabetic patients develop chronic foot ulcers within their lifetime. These ulcers are characterized by delayed wound healing, are highly susceptible to infection, and can lead to lower-limb/foot amputation. Impaired ulcer healing is most often due to ischemia and insufficient formation of new vessels in the wound bed, as well as rapid turnover of healing tissue by excessive matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity. To improve healing of chronic ischemic wounds, researchers have sought to increase angiogenesis at the wound site using growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). VEGF is a key angiogenic mediator and uniquely participates …
Fast Direct Solvers And Effective Preconditioners For Large-Scale Sparse Matrices, Zixing Xin
Fast Direct Solvers And Effective Preconditioners For Large-Scale Sparse Matrices, Zixing Xin
Open Access Dissertations
The dissertation presents some fast direct solvers and efficient preconditioners mainly for sparse matrices. Hierarchical low-rank approximations such as hierarchically semiseparable (HSS) representation play a vital role in the development of these methods. As have been explored by many pioneers, hierarchical low-rank approximations can reduce the computational costs and the space requirement of many matrix operations while preserving desired accuracy. The utilization of such techniques leads to many fast algorithms for both dense and sparse matrix computations. One of the significant contributions of this dissertation is that we propose some novel preconditioners for both dense and sparse symmetric positive definite …
The Influence Of Biomass Burning Aerosols On Stratocumulus Clouds Over The South-East Atlantic, Sampa Das
The Influence Of Biomass Burning Aerosols On Stratocumulus Clouds Over The South-East Atlantic, Sampa Das
Open Access Dissertations
Optically thick smoke aerosol plumes originating from biomass burning (BB) in the southwestern African Savanna during the austral spring are transported westward by the free-tropospheric winds to primarily overlie the vast stretches of stratocumulus cloud decks in the South-East Atlantic. We evaluated the simulations of long-range transport of BB aerosol by the Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS-5) and four other global aerosol models using Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) observations over the complete South African-Atlantic region. Models in general captured the vertical distribution of aerosol over land but exhibited some common features after long-range transport of smoke plumes that …
The Relationships Of Social Cognitive Career Theory Factors And Cybersecurity Research Self-Efficacy, Rylan C. Chong
The Relationships Of Social Cognitive Career Theory Factors And Cybersecurity Research Self-Efficacy, Rylan C. Chong
Open Access Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships of social cognitive career theory factors of past performance, verbal persuasion, vicarious experience, outcome expectancy, interest, and former students’ cybersecurity research self-efficacy; and examine whether the relationships were different among gender, academic classification, and career status. This study was a descriptive study using a posttest-only design that surveyed undergraduates, graduates, and former students using Likert scales. The contributions of this study are useful for educators to adjust their classroom practices, curriculum strategies, and advisement; and are useful for students as it provides insights into developing their cybersecurity research self-efficacy and …
Flash X-Ray Tomography Of Kolsky Bar Experiments, Hangjie Liao
Flash X-Ray Tomography Of Kolsky Bar Experiments, Hangjie Liao
Open Access Dissertations
Kolsky bar is commonly used to characterize materials at high strain rates from 102 to 104/s. Insitu visualization of specimen fracture process is vital to understand its dynamic mechanical behaviors. In this dissertation, compression Kolsky bar is combined with a high speed multichannel flash X-ray tomography methodology to capture snapshots of the dynamic in-situ 3D specimen volume information to visualize the dynamic damage and fracture process. This method is capable to produce sub-millimeter-resolution tomography reconstructions of dynamic fracture process from very limited number (4 in this research) of projections. This method enables a precise and repeatable control over the loading …
Applications Of Context-Aware Systems In Enterprise Environments, Oyindamola D. Oluwatimi
Applications Of Context-Aware Systems In Enterprise Environments, Oyindamola D. Oluwatimi
Open Access Dissertations
In bring-your-own-device (BYOD) and corporate-owned, personally enabled (COPE) scenarios, employees’ devices store both enterprise and personal data, and have the ability to remotely access a secure enterprise network. While mobile devices enable users to access such resources in a pervasive manner, it also increases the risk of breaches for sensitive enterprise data as users may access the resources under insecure circumstances. That is, access authorizations may depend on the context in which the resources are accessed. In both scenarios, it is vital that the security of accessible enterprise content is preserved. In this work, we explore the use of contextual …
A Study Of The Characteristics Of A Differential Privacy Implementation, Niveah T. Abraham
A Study Of The Characteristics Of A Differential Privacy Implementation, Niveah T. Abraham
Open Access Theses
Building on the theoretic strength of differential privacy, researchers at the University of California Berkeley have built a tool called FLEX that incorporates differential privacy and have tested FLEX using a dataset based on actual queries submitted by Uber’s employees. In their research, a novel idea called elastic sensitivity was introduced to implement differential privacy; this research in turn tests these concepts on datasets from several domains including automobile, medical, network, password, and social media areas. This research also checks for statistical information gathering accuracy from the datasets and observes performance overhead for queries. The study also presents the results …
Heat And Mass Transfer Analysis For Membrane Distillation, Albraa A. Alsaati
Heat And Mass Transfer Analysis For Membrane Distillation, Albraa A. Alsaati
Open Access Theses
Membrane Distillation (MD) has recently emerged as promising technology for desalination as it is less sensitive to feed concentration which increase distilled water yield of desalination process. However, one major drawback of MD is the high energy consumption despite the continuous e↵ort to optimize the processes through various configurations. In this thesis, we evaluate a configuration to reduce energy consumption of membrane distillation while maintaining state-of-the-art mass flux rate through membranes. Localizing heat generation at the liquid-membrane interface reduces ambient exposure of heated mass resulting in reduction of ambient thermal losses. Additionally, operating on stagnant feed eliminates energy required for …
Touch Screen Assessment Of At-Risk Infant Comprehension, Rachel Elizabeth Hahn Arkenberg
Touch Screen Assessment Of At-Risk Infant Comprehension, Rachel Elizabeth Hahn Arkenberg
Open Access Theses
Purpose: There are few clinical tools available to productively assess comprehension in children under 20 months. The Computerized Comprehension Task (CCT) is a valid and reliable measure (Friend and Keplinger, 2003), but it has never been studied in children who are at risk for speech and language disorders. This study seeks to measure the effectiveness of the CCT in assessing high risk infants and evaluate the relationship between scores on the CCT and performance on a standardized language measure 6 months later. Method: Eleven high risk infants (categorized as “high risk” for genetic risk factors or pre-term birth) and eleven …
Determining The Influence Of Evidence-Based Messaging On Millennial Agriculturalists’ Attitudes Towards Genetically Modified (Gm) Foods, Erica M. Ballmer
Determining The Influence Of Evidence-Based Messaging On Millennial Agriculturalists’ Attitudes Towards Genetically Modified (Gm) Foods, Erica M. Ballmer
Open Access Theses
Genetically modified foods and crops are a topic of heated debate in the United States. As with all issues, messaging has the potential to influence and change an individual’s attitude. Through the lens of social judgment theory, this quasi-experimental study investigated the influence of an evidence-based message on millennial agricultural students’ attitudes towards genetically modified foods and crops, while taking into account participants’ ego-involvements for the issue. Sixty-nine undergraduate students in the College of Agriculture participated in this study – comprised of a pre-test and post-test questionnaire with an evidence-based message intervention between. The major finding from this study was …
Control Of Urea Dosing For Urea Scr System In A Diesel-Powered Vehicle, Harshil Rajesh Angre
Control Of Urea Dosing For Urea Scr System In A Diesel-Powered Vehicle, Harshil Rajesh Angre
Open Access Theses
The urea SCR system is the key technology to meet future NOx emissions and NH3 slip regulatory standards. Urea dosing control is the most critical part of the urea SCR system. The complexity of SCR chemical reactions and the conflicting behavior of tailpipe NOx and NH3 slip make it difficult to find the optimum amount of urea to be injected. The effective utilization of NOx and NH3 sensors is important to achieve lower NOx emission and NH3 slip. But due to the higher cost of NH3 sensors, research studies have not explored the full potential of using NH3 slip as …
Automated Power Consumption Scheduling For Connected Appliances In A Remodeled, Energy Efficient House, Andrew W. Batek
Automated Power Consumption Scheduling For Connected Appliances In A Remodeled, Energy Efficient House, Andrew W. Batek
Open Access Theses
Within our electric grid, focus should shift from maintaining a large system capacity buffer to establishing a usage-time buffer. This shift could reduce peaks in electrical demand, mitigate system variability, and increase utilization of lower cost and environmentally friendly energy sources. Methods to accomplish usage shifts fall under the label of demand-side management. One proposed method is that of automatically scheduling the usage of end-user appliances. While several promising theoretical results have been obtained, the optimization of appliance power usage based on data and detailed appliance power profiles is relatively unexplored. Real appliance loads present opportunities and limitations for scheduling …
Effect Of Surface Treatments On Radiation Tolerance Of Ati 718plus Alloy, Yerik Bazarbayev
Effect Of Surface Treatments On Radiation Tolerance Of Ati 718plus Alloy, Yerik Bazarbayev
Open Access Theses
The objective of this study is to observe irradiation effects on the microstructure of nickelbased alloy after surface enhancements. Surface modifications as laser shock peening (LSP) and ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification (UNSM) techniques were implemented on ATI 718 Plus alloy. These methods introduce compressive residual stresses to the surface of the material. It follows that the samples experienced a severe plastic deformation, and UNSM technique refines the grains. After irradiation was done by 2 MeV protons at 500ºC with damage dose 1 dpa, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) lamellae were made and bright field scanning TEM (BF STEM) images were taken …
Double-Crop Soybean Response To Maturity Group And Plant Population In The Ohio River Valley Region, Stephen J. Boersma
Double-Crop Soybean Response To Maturity Group And Plant Population In The Ohio River Valley Region, Stephen J. Boersma
Open Access Theses
Maturity group (MG) and plant population are two important agronomic factors for successful double-crop soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production. The first objective of this research was to determine the agronomic and economic optimum plant populations (AOPP; EOPP) of soybean varieties representing early-, medium-, or fullseason MG for double-crop soybean production following winter wheat across the Ohio River Valley Region. Eleven small-plot field research trials were conducted during the 2016 and 2017 growing seasons in Missouri, Illinois, Kentucky, Indiana, and Ohio. Trials were designed in a two-way factorial (5 seed rates x 3 MG). Seeding rates ranged from 123,600 to …
Comparing Disdrometer-Measured Raindrop Size Distributions From Vortex-Se With Distributions From Polarimetric Radar Retrievals Using The Constrained Gamma Method, Jessica Bozell
Open Access Theses
Many aspects of microphysical variations within supercells are not well understood, even though they play a key role in storm dynamics and evolution. Raindrop size distributions (DSDs) provide a lot of insight into a storms microphysics, however, DSDs vary significantly throughout storms. Unfortunately, current radars do not have the capability to directly observe DSDs, making retrieval algorithms based on advanced microphysical models and in-situ disdrometer observations necessary. If these small-scale variations can be better characterized, and differences between convective regimes quantified, it will lead to improved algorithms for retrieving DSD parameters from radars as well as improved microphysical parameterizations within …
Working Equids: A Case Study Investigating If Locus Of Control Effects Welfare In Central America, Lauren Ann Brizgys
Working Equids: A Case Study Investigating If Locus Of Control Effects Welfare In Central America, Lauren Ann Brizgys
Open Access Theses
Developing countries lack the resources and technological advancements commonly used by developed countries for production and must rely on manual or animal labor to aide in the creation, collection, and distribution of products for income. In Haiti and Honduras, the leading role of a working equid is to provide transportation for families and products to and from marketplaces. It is not uncommon for one equid to carry loads three times its body weight and make up to six trips, accumulating up to fifty miles per day, to and from its home. With extreme environmental and physical constraints placed on these …
Supervised Machine Learning Applications To Winter Road Impacts, Kevin D. Burris
Supervised Machine Learning Applications To Winter Road Impacts, Kevin D. Burris
Open Access Theses
Winter weather causes major disruptions to road travel, increasing delays and accident rates. Significant investments are made towards maintaining the condition and safety of the road network. Weather forecasts provide the state of the art prognosis for winter weather phenomena, but are not designed to explicitly predict road surface conditions. This thesis implements supervised machine learning techniques, most successfully random forests, using weather forecast data to directly predict the Winter Driving Index of roadways as defined by the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT). Attempts are made to also predict the amount of traffic reductions due to winter weather using random …
Safeguardp: An Architecture For Mediated Control Of Desktop Applications By Untrusted Crowd Workers, Sylvia T. Carrell
Safeguardp: An Architecture For Mediated Control Of Desktop Applications By Untrusted Crowd Workers, Sylvia T. Carrell
Open Access Theses
The future of crowdsourcing depends on improving usability for the requesters who post jobs. Allowing workers to perform tasks directly on a requester’s computer could help, by obviating the need to adapt data into formats that a crowdsourcing platform can handle. However, granting remote access to a requester’s desktop would also pose the risk the workers might steal information or take malicious actions. This thesis presents SafeguaRDP, an architecture designed to enable future services in which a mediated and redacted desktop is shown to a remote worker. The redaction of the desktop does not modify any files on the desktop; …