Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (6190)
- Library and Information Science (4146)
- Engineering (2928)
- Arts and Humanities (2499)
- Civil and Environmental Engineering (1590)
-
- Education (1484)
- Comparative Literature (1396)
- Civil Engineering (1204)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (952)
- Life Sciences (744)
- Communication (716)
- Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies (671)
- American Studies (655)
- Rhetoric and Composition (642)
- Film and Media Studies (614)
- European Languages and Societies (604)
- Reading and Language (603)
- Critical and Cultural Studies (594)
- Other Arts and Humanities (579)
- Theatre and Performance Studies (532)
- Other Film and Media Studies (521)
- Computer Sciences (511)
- Television (508)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (456)
- Agriculture (300)
- Business (286)
- History (283)
- Engineering Education (260)
- English Language and Literature (258)
- Psychology (242)
- Keyword
-
- Comparative literature (497)
- comparative literature (487)
- Applied sciences (469)
- Comparative cultural studies (302)
- comparative cultural studies (296)
-
- Social sciences (183)
- Education (176)
- Cultural studies (155)
- Biological sciences (152)
- cultural studies (152)
- Literary theory (136)
- literary theory (135)
- Pure sciences (132)
- Information literacy (113)
- Health and environmental sciences (100)
- Media studies (85)
- media studies (84)
- Comparative humanities (81)
- comparative humanities (81)
- Intercultural studies (75)
- intercultural studies (75)
- Sustainability (74)
- Culture and history (73)
- culture and history (73)
- Postcolonial and colonial studies (72)
- postcolonial and colonial studies (72)
- Diasporic, exile, (im)migrant, and ethnic minority writing (71)
- diasporic, exile, (im)migrant, and ethnic minority writing (71)
- Gender studies (69)
- Culture theory (66)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- Against the Grain (2694)
- Purdue Road School (2274)
- Open Access Dissertations (1604)
- JTRP Technical Reports (1472)
- CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture (1417)
-
- Open Access Theses (1107)
- Proceedings of the IATUL Conferences (1012)
- Charleston Library Conference (656)
- The Writing Center Journal (624)
- International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference (452)
- CIB Conferences (378)
- Department of Computer Science Technical Reports (331)
- Education and Culture (327)
- After-Action Reports for Traffic Incident Management (TIM) (267)
- Journal of Southeast Asian American Education and Advancement (263)
- Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research (261)
- Artl@s Bulletin (243)
- International Compressor Engineering Conference (236)
- The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research (227)
- First Opinions, Second Reactions (164)
- CTRC Research Publications (159)
- International High Performance Buildings Conference (159)
- Global Business Languages (154)
- Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning (153)
- Journal of Aviation Technology and Engineering (148)
- Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement (139)
- Indiana Local Technical Assistance Program (LTAP) Publications (136)
- Journal of Pre-College Engineering Education Research (J-PEER) (133)
- Purdue University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund (133)
- Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations (111)
- Publication Type
Articles 931 - 960 of 21929
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Words Of Wisdom, Semoon Chang
We Need Another Voice — Taoism To Zen Buddhism, Don S. Lee
We Need Another Voice — Taoism To Zen Buddhism, Don S. Lee
KAUPA Letters
No abstract provided.
Creative Readers: Arts Programming For Special Needs Inclusion At The Public Library, Elise May
Creative Readers: Arts Programming For Special Needs Inclusion At The Public Library, Elise May
Journal of the Arts and Special Education
Creative Readers, an arts & literacy inclusion program and winner of the 2017 National Arts and Humanities Youth Program Award, turns books into a multi-sensory experience for K- 6th grade students offering all learners the ability to be challenged, motivated and successful. Using theater, art, movement and music each lesson enables participants to bring a book to life, increasing their love of literature while exploring their strength of expression through the arts. The program also offers a space for unique learners of all abilities, to socialize and work together creatively. High school volunteers are paired with participants to model …
Selected Artificial Intelligence Provisions In U.S. Fiscal Year 2025 National Defense Authorization Act, Bert Chapman
Selected Artificial Intelligence Provisions In U.S. Fiscal Year 2025 National Defense Authorization Act, Bert Chapman
Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations
The 2025 Fiscal Year National Defense Authorization Act contains multiple provisions relating to artificial intelligence (AI). These congressionally mandated provisions direct various sections of the Department of Defense (DOD) and individual U.S. armed service branches to execute congressional intent for AI policymaking. Examples of such intent include identifying and planning DOD's AI workforce, demonstrating AI biotechnology applications for national security, improving the human usability of AI systems, and establishing an AI security center. This presentation will note that reports on these initiatives must be prepared for relevant congressional oversight committees, and, in many cases, are in many cases, publicly released …
To Diversify Or Not To Diversify: A Preliminary Report On Farmers’ Perspectives On Diversification In The U.S. Midwest, Lauren Asprooth, J. Gordon Arbuckle, Rebecca Traldi, Sarah P. Church, Kristin Floress, Benjamin M. Gramig, Andrew J. Margenot, Elizabeth Maynard, Aaron Thompson, Ariana P. Torres, Emily M. Usher, Ishraq Awashra, Katherine Pivaral, Finnleigh S, Woodings, Linda Stalker Prokopy
To Diversify Or Not To Diversify: A Preliminary Report On Farmers’ Perspectives On Diversification In The U.S. Midwest, Lauren Asprooth, J. Gordon Arbuckle, Rebecca Traldi, Sarah P. Church, Kristin Floress, Benjamin M. Gramig, Andrew J. Margenot, Elizabeth Maynard, Aaron Thompson, Ariana P. Torres, Emily M. Usher, Ishraq Awashra, Katherine Pivaral, Finnleigh S, Woodings, Linda Stalker Prokopy
Department of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture Faculty Publications
Diversifying the simplified landscape of corn and soybeans in the Midwest is an emerging priority in both the public and private sectors to reap a suite of climate, social, agronomic, and economic benefits. However, little research has documented the perspectives of farmers, the primary stakeholders in diversification efforts. This preliminary report uses newly collected survey data (n = 725) from farmers in the states of Illinois, Indiana, and Iowa to provide descriptive statistics and tests to understand what farmers in the region think about agricultural diversification, including their perspectives on its benefits, barriers, and opportunities. For the purposes of the …
Traceable And Scalable Food Balance Sheets From Agricultural Commodity Supply And Utilization Accounts (2010–2022), Xin Zhao, Maksym Chepeliev, Neus Escobar, Matthew T. Binsted, Pralit Patel, Page Kyle, Marshall A. Wise
Traceable And Scalable Food Balance Sheets From Agricultural Commodity Supply And Utilization Accounts (2010–2022), Xin Zhao, Maksym Chepeliev, Neus Escobar, Matthew T. Binsted, Pralit Patel, Page Kyle, Marshall A. Wise
Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty Publications
The Food Balance Sheets (FBS), compiled by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), serve as a cornerstone dataset for studies on agricultural development, food security, and dietary health, providing a broad overview of global and regional food systems. However, its limited transparency and scalability hinder its application in empirical analysis and multisector dynamic modeling. Here, we present a traceable Food Balance Sheets (T-FBS) dataset, developed from detailed Supply Utilization Accounts (SUA) using a novel Primary Commodity equivalent (PCe) aggregation approach. This framework enables the aggregation of commodity flows along supply chains while ensuring consistency and balance across multiple dimensions. The …
Bell Telephone System’S Preeminent Role In The Growth Of Industrial Design, Ralph O. Meyer, Russell A. Flinchum
Bell Telephone System’S Preeminent Role In The Growth Of Industrial Design, Ralph O. Meyer, Russell A. Flinchum
Purdue University Press Books
Histories of design pay scant attention to the corded telephone, which played an immeasurable role in early communication. Although the Bell System, with many Nobel Prizes, is justly acknowledged for its technical prowess, it should also be recognized for its early and considerable impact on the developing discipline of industrial design. In 1930, young Henry Dreyfuss, who would later become known as a pioneer of industrial design, was retained by the Bell System as a design consultant and matured in that environment. With substantial input from Bell System engineers, Dreyfuss and his staff produced attractive telephone designs that were manufactured …
Research And Reflections On Southeast Asian American Education And Advancement, Wayne E. Wright, Vikrant Chap, Phitsamay S. Uy, Chhany Sak-Humphry, Vichet Chhuon, Bryan Thao Worra
Research And Reflections On Southeast Asian American Education And Advancement, Wayne E. Wright, Vikrant Chap, Phitsamay S. Uy, Chhany Sak-Humphry, Vichet Chhuon, Bryan Thao Worra
Purdue University Press Books
This book is in commemoration of the twentieth anniversary of the Journal of Southeast Asian American Education and Advancement (JSAAEA) and the fiftieth anniversary of Southeast Asian American refugee resettlement in the United States. Pivotal research articles, reviews, and creative works from past issues of JSAAEA have been selected for this volume to document the history and experiences of Cambodian, Laotian, Hmong, and Vietnamese Americans since initial refugee resettlement began in the United States in 1975, as well as the experiences of more recent Southeast Asian immigrant and refugee groups. Reviews of academic books, novels, memoirs, children’s books, and motion …
Neuronal Signal Activity Image Classification, Ardavan Vakil, Miad Faezipour
Neuronal Signal Activity Image Classification, Ardavan Vakil, Miad Faezipour
Purdue Polytechnic Graduate Student Poster Symposium
Neurodegenerative disorders can cause signal disturbances on the neuronal spiking patterns within the brain. Parkinson’s disease, as an example, produces burst firings and synchronized oscillatory signal patterns. Accurately distinguishing between different brain spiking pattern activities is essential in finding effective neuromodulation or neurostimulation treatments for neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson disease. Due to the lack of publicly available neuronal spiking pattern datasets containing different neuronal signal patterns and classes, we propose the generation of a novel three-class dataset. We then convert the generated signals into 2D images and separate the generated signal images into test and train datasets. We aim to …
Burn Severity Assessment Using Deep Learning: Balancing Performance And Computational Efficiency, Saeka Rahman, Md Motiur Rahman, Mo Rastgaar, Miad Faezipour
Burn Severity Assessment Using Deep Learning: Balancing Performance And Computational Efficiency, Saeka Rahman, Md Motiur Rahman, Mo Rastgaar, Miad Faezipour
Purdue Polytechnic Graduate Student Poster Symposium
Burn injuries present a substantial global public health challenge. This work presents a comprehensive analytical study of eight deep learning techniques designed for assessing burn severity in terms of four characteristics: inflammation, scar, uniformity, and pigmentation, in small datasets of 2-dimensional (2D) images captured using digital (smartphone) camera
It’S All About The Ruff: Utilizing Therapy Dogs To Address Trauma In Domestic Violence Settings, John R. Chapin, Grace A. Coleman, Michael Brayack
It’S All About The Ruff: Utilizing Therapy Dogs To Address Trauma In Domestic Violence Settings, John R. Chapin, Grace A. Coleman, Michael Brayack
People and Animals: The International Journal of Research and Practice
Within the context of victims and violence, this study serves multiple purposes: (1) to explore the impact of pet ownership on children and adolescents within the context of bullying and school violence; (2) to document the impact of therapy animals on domestic violence victims; (3) to document the impact of working canines in courts on domestic violence victims. Findings from three surveys (1,648 children and adolescents in school; 12 child counseling clients; 41 adult domestic violence counseling clients; and 69 domestic violence victims in court) contribute to a growing literature documenting the psychological benefits of interacting with pets and animals …
Archival Literacy And Primary Source Literacy: A Collaborative Instructional Toolkit For Introductory Composition And Beyond, Kristin B. Leaman, Adriana Harmeyer
Archival Literacy And Primary Source Literacy: A Collaborative Instructional Toolkit For Introductory Composition And Beyond, Kristin B. Leaman, Adriana Harmeyer
Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research
This article is a case study that addresses challenges archivists and introductory composition instructors can experience when working to embed archival and primary source literacy into a course and models how to successfully overcome related obstacles. Building on the excellent work of James Roussain, it employs the archivist-as-educator model not only to teach the students but also to train the disciplinary instructor. Teaching instructors archival and primary source literacy and training them how to teach these types of literacy enhances student success. Acknowledging the literature that discusses the ineffectiveness of one-shot guest lectures, the authors have designed and piloted an …
Back Matter, Harry Denny
Back Matter, Harry Denny
The Writing Center Journal
Back Matter for Writing Center Journal 43.1.
The Inclusion Of Animals In Educational Settings: The Educators’ Perspective, Emma J. Vardy, Lauren R. Finka, Blair F. Sweeney
The Inclusion Of Animals In Educational Settings: The Educators’ Perspective, Emma J. Vardy, Lauren R. Finka, Blair F. Sweeney
People and Animals: The International Journal of Research and Practice
The inclusion of animals within educational settings is not a new phenomenon, although the last several decades have certainly seen a growth in popularity. Despite increased uptake, little is known about the ways animals are typically being included within educational settings, and the nature of sessions that are being undertaken. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore, from the perspectives of educators, the general risks and benefits to both students and animals of including animals in schools, the types of activities undertaken, species included and their associated management, and the perceived impact on both students and animals. Fourteen …
Recent U.S. Government Policy Literature On Critical And Strategic Minerals, Bert Chapman
Recent U.S. Government Policy Literature On Critical And Strategic Minerals, Bert Chapman
Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research
Critical and strategic minerals have become increasingly important in U.S. government civilian and military policymaking in recent years. This is demonstrated by the heavy use of such minerals in many critical civilian and military infrastructures. This work will discuss how this subject has been addressed in laws, presidential documents, and works by government agencies along with congressional oversight committees and support agencies. It will stress how the United States is heavily dependent on strategic minerals from adversarial foreign countries such as China and will examine U.S. efforts to increase its ability to produce such materials in the United States by …
Libraries Facilitating Knowledge Creation Through Podcasting: Exploring Podcasts As A Form Of Scholarship, Annette Bochenek, Sarah Huber, Renusree Varma Mudduluru
Libraries Facilitating Knowledge Creation Through Podcasting: Exploring Podcasts As A Form Of Scholarship, Annette Bochenek, Sarah Huber, Renusree Varma Mudduluru
Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research
Students are increasingly expected to conduct research and scholarship. This paper explores podcast creation as a medium for students to deliver new knowledge and the elements of teaching and learning that support this outcome. Through focus groups, students at a large Midwestern university expressed the importance of contributing to the information landscape. The prospect of their podcasts contributing knowledge to academic communities held more interest to them than creating a podcast for an assignment. This paper addresses how librarians and libraries can support the information literacy standards and technical aspects of students creating new knowledge through a podcast assignment.
Pros And Cons Of Preservation Treatments, Buzz Powell
Pros And Cons Of Preservation Treatments, Buzz Powell
Local Transportation Asset Management Conference
No abstract provided.
Travel Behavior Study On Shared Micromobility Service, Yixiang Teng
Travel Behavior Study On Shared Micromobility Service, Yixiang Teng
Lyles School of Civil Engineering Graduate Student Reports
This study investigates the travel behavior on the shared micromobility service around Purdue University West Lafayette campus area. It aims to understand the shared micromobility user patterns and identify the barriers of adoption. The study was enlightened by the influence of pandemic on transportation choices and the shift on transportation habits, and the gap identified was the understanding of the college related population. The research method was a constructed survey distributed among Purdue University’s students, faculties and staffs. A total of 143 valid responses were collected, comprising 73 current users and 70 non-users. Results indicate that shared micromobility is primarily …
Canadian Security Intelligence Service (Csis), Bert Chapman
Canadian Security Intelligence Service (Csis), Bert Chapman
Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations
April 24, 2025 presentation for Canada's GovInfo Day Spring 2025 hosted by Simon Fraser University in British Columbia and Internet Archive Canada. Provides information about the publicly available information resources produced by the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) which is the Canadian Government's foremost national intelligence agency. Provides information about this agency's statutory organization, types of publicly available reports they produce, information about other Canadian government intelligence agencies, and parliamentary oversight of Canadian government intelligence operations. Lists additional resources for finding information about CSIS and explains the benefits of having access to these resources for users.
Beyond Convenience: A Mixed-Methods Study Of Asynchronous Multimodal Tutoring And Its Impact On Understanding And Connection, Sohui Lee, Abigail Michelini
Beyond Convenience: A Mixed-Methods Study Of Asynchronous Multimodal Tutoring And Its Impact On Understanding And Connection, Sohui Lee, Abigail Michelini
The Writing Center Journal
Although traditional asynchronous tutoring is associated with text-based communication, writing centers are beginning to experiment with asynchronous multimodal tutoring with the assistance of accessible and interactive multimedia technologies and instructional platforms like VoiceThread. Using a mixed-methods approach of surveys and interviews of undergraduate students at a Hispanic Serving Institution (HSI), this study explores the potential benefits of asynchronous multimodal tutoring beyond access and convenience: We examine why students choose to submit their papers for asynchronous multimodal feedback, and whether they perceive that the multimodal aspect of the feedback improves their understanding and enhances their connection with tutors.
Front Matter, Harry Denny
Front Matter, Harry Denny
The Writing Center Journal
Front matter and editors' introduction to The Writing Center Journal 43:1 (2025).
Writing Confidence: Tutoring, Identity, And Race—A Mixed-Methods Approach, Daniel Messier, Hadi Riad Banat
Writing Confidence: Tutoring, Identity, And Race—A Mixed-Methods Approach, Daniel Messier, Hadi Riad Banat
The Writing Center Journal
This mixed-methods study sought to better understand how confidence in writing and race interact as factors within writing centers. Students utilizing our writing center were asked to provide data about racial identity and writing confidence both when registering with the writing center and when completing postsession surveys. From this data, we interviewed a racially representative pool of respondents to better understand their definitions of confidence and the identity factors that have shaped their confidence in writing. Our survey data showed that students’ confidence increased significantly as a result of a writing center session, replicating previous writing center research. Furthermore, we …
Somewhere In The Middle: Assistant Directors’ Leadership, Labor, And Power In Writing Centers, Keri L. Carter, John L. Carter
Somewhere In The Middle: Assistant Directors’ Leadership, Labor, And Power In Writing Centers, Keri L. Carter, John L. Carter
The Writing Center Journal
The position of writing center assistant director resides in the middle of the often blurry lines of hierarchy. While many writing centers advocate for team leadership, the fact remains that universities are steeped in bureaucratic tradition familiar to university leaders, students, and tutors. Assistant directors accomplish tasks that keep the day-to- day center functioning, yet these tasks equate to sometimes invisible work in the center and often invisible work in the university as a whole. Furthermore, research on assistant directors’ roles, labor, and identities is exceedingly limited. Thus, the purpose of this qualitative, phenomenological study is to understand how hierarchies …
English Writing Centers In China: Opportunities, Challenges, And Paths Forward, Bradley Hughes, Jingtian Zhang
English Writing Centers In China: Opportunities, Challenges, And Paths Forward, Bradley Hughes, Jingtian Zhang
The Writing Center Journal
English writing centers at Chinese universities present a fascinating paradox. On one hand, the number of universities with writing centers and the professional interest in writing centers in China have grown steadily over the past two decades. But on the other, the number of centers is still modest and only a few centers have had a significant influence on the culture of writing on their campuses, which is surprising given the vast number of universities in China and the documented need for strengthening and expanding writing instruction in English. This international research study explores the current state of English writing …
We Should Promote Genai Writing Tools For Linguistic Equity, Nathan Lindberg
We Should Promote Genai Writing Tools For Linguistic Equity, Nathan Lindberg
The Writing Center Journal
In this essay, I suggest that we should embrace generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) writing tools, particularly chatbots (e.g., ChatGPT, Copilot, Claude), because they can enable linguistic equity by leveling the academic playing field for English as an additional language students. As writing experts, we can find ways to use this technology to enhance learning, and, since we know both student and faculty positions, we can help develop policies so such tools can be used effectively and ethically. Alternatively, we can ignore them and risk becoming irrelevant.
Molecular Changes, Histopathology, And Ultrasonic Vocalization Acoustic Profiles Of Systemically Dehydrated Rats, Brooke Rodgers, Naila Cannes Do Nascimento, Abigail Cox, Taylor W. Bailey, M. Preeti Sivasankar, Allison J. Schaser
Molecular Changes, Histopathology, And Ultrasonic Vocalization Acoustic Profiles Of Systemically Dehydrated Rats, Brooke Rodgers, Naila Cannes Do Nascimento, Abigail Cox, Taylor W. Bailey, M. Preeti Sivasankar, Allison J. Schaser
Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences Faculty Publications
Systemic hydration is known to promote optimal functioning of bodily systems—including the vocal folds. The impact of systemic dehydration on the biology of the vocal folds and the downstream effects of dehydration on voice output are not well understood. An in vivo rat model of systemic dehydration was employed to investigate vocal fold gene expression, histological changes, and acoustic changes in vocalization. Ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) were recorded every day for 5 days (baseline), in male and female Long-Evans rats (N = 36, ages: 3–4 months) using an anticipatory reward paradigm. Next, rats were dehydrated (N = 18) using a published …
Del Policial Clásico Al Post-Neopolicial: La Estética Del Crimen En La Narrativa Mexicana, 1940–2020, Maria Carpio-Manickam
Del Policial Clásico Al Post-Neopolicial: La Estética Del Crimen En La Narrativa Mexicana, 1940–2020, Maria Carpio-Manickam
Purdue Studies in Romance Literatures
Del policial clásico al post-neopolicial: La estética del crimen en la narrativa mexicana, 1940–2020 is a comprehensive study of Mexican crime fiction from cultural, gender, social, political, and literary perspectives. This book covers the different phases Mexican crime fiction has evolved through in the past eighty years: classical detective fiction (1940–1960s), género negro (1970s), neopolicial (1980–2000), narconarrative (1990s to the present), and post-neopolicial (2000 to the present). The first half of the book offers an overview of the development of crime fiction in the United States, how it was adopted by Mexican writers in the 1940s, and the changes it …
Conducting Effective Literature Searches And Writing Strong Abstracts, Bert Chapman
Conducting Effective Literature Searches And Writing Strong Abstracts, Bert Chapman
Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations
This invited presentation for students at Poland's War Studies University communicates ideas on how Ph.D. students at this institution can enhance their research quality. Specific content includes formulating your research question, determining research aims and methodology, reviewing a research question checklist, understanding the meaning of search terms you propose to utilize, devising effective search strategies, consulting multiple varieties of information resources from multiple countries, finding gaps in literature, being able to distinguish between nuances in literature and data, writing succinct abstracts, and enhancing the clarity of your prose.
Unleaded Aviation Fuel: Assessing Stakeholder Perceptions And Preparing An Organization For Change, Ryan Guthridge, Nicholas D. Wilson, Brandon Wild
Unleaded Aviation Fuel: Assessing Stakeholder Perceptions And Preparing An Organization For Change, Ryan Guthridge, Nicholas D. Wilson, Brandon Wild
Journal of Aviation Technology and Engineering
Since the Clean Air Act of 1996 banned the use of leaded fuel for automotive applications, leaded aviation gasoline (AVGAS) has become one of the leading sources of lead pollution in the nation due to the volume of AVGAS consumed in general aviation applications (GAMA, 2019). The Federal Aviation Administration has recently recognized this concern with the establishment of the Eliminate Aviation Gasoline Lead Emissions (EAGLE) initiative, which was formally established in February 2022 to foster an important campaign to research and inform the general aviation community on the process for transitioning to unleaded AVGAS. This essay seeks to inform …
Aha And Hmm: The Joy Of Writing Senryu, John J. Han
Aha And Hmm: The Joy Of Writing Senryu, John J. Han
KAUPA Letters
Senryu, a satiric and often humorous counterpart to haiku, emerged in mid-18th century Japan as a form of popular self-expression among the rising merchant class. Named after the poet and editor Karai Senryu, this genre focuses on human nature, social behavior, and everyday life rather than the seasonal themes central to haiku. Traditionally composed in a 5-7-5 syllabic structure, modern English-language senryu are often written in free style with fewer than 17 syllables. While frequently humorous, senryu can also capture serious aspects of human experience, including hardship and social issues. Unlike haiku, which encourages contemplation, senryu aims to evoke immediate …