Digital Commons Network^™

Facilitating Electric-Propulsion Of Autonomous Vehicles Through Efficient Design Of A Charging-Facility Network, Mohammadhosein Pourgholamali, Amir Davatgari, Jiaming Wang, Deepak Benny, Mohammad Miralinaghi, Samuel Labi

Center for Connected and Automated Transportation

No abstract provided.

Structural Vibration Damping By The Use Of Poro-Elastic Layers: A Summary, Yutong Xue, J Stuart Bolton

Publications of the Ray W. Herrick Laboratories

A properly designed limp porous materials such as fibrous layers can provide damping equivalent to conventional viscoelastic dampers while providing advantages such as light weight and effective sound absorption. This then allows porous layers to be used as multi-functional noise and vibration control solutions in automotive and aerospace applications. Further, the addition of bulk elasticity to the solid phase of the porous medium is beneficial since it improves damping performance compared to equivalent limp treatments. In the work summarized here, porous media, such as fibers and foams, were designed to serve as treatments for various vibrating structures to examine their …

Recollections And Reflections On Syngman Rhee (이승만), Yeomin Yoon

KAUPA Letters

No abstract provided.

Exfoliation And Spray Deposition Of Graphene Nanoplatelets In Ethyl Acetate And Acetone: Implications For Additive Manufacturing Of Low-Cost Electrodes And Heat Sinks, Muhammed Ramazan Oduncu, Zhifan Ke, Bingyuan Zhao, Zhongxia Shang, Robin Simpson, Haiyan Wang, Alexander Wei

Department of Chemistry Faculty Publications

Nonaqueous dispersions of graphene nanoplatelets (GrNPs) can be used to prepare thin films and coatings free of surfactants, but typically involve polar organic solvents with high boiling points and low exposure limits. Here, we describe the mechanochemical exfoliation and dispersion of GrNPs in volatile aprotic solvents such as ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and acetone, which rank favorably in green solvent selection guides. GrNPs in powder form were exfoliated with a solvent on a horizontal ball mill for 48 h and then sonicated at moderate power to produce suspensions in excess of 300 μg/mL with minimum loss of dispersion stability over 7 …

Use Them Or Lose Them: Are Manipulatives Needed To Assess Numeracy And Geometry Performance In Preschool?, Connor D. O'Rear, Erica L. Zippert, Patrick Ehrman, Lauren Westerberg, Christopher J. Lonigan, David J. Purpura

Purdue Center for Early Learning Faculty and Staff Publications

In two studies, we investigated whether using three-dimensional (3D) manipulatives during assessment aided performance on a variety of preschool mathematics tasks compared to pictorial representations. On measures of children's understanding of counting and cardinality (n = 103), there was no difference in performance between manipulatives and pictures, with Bayes factors suggesting moderate evidence in favor of the null hypothesis. On a measure of children's shape identification (n = 93), there was no difference in performance between objects and pictures, with Bayes factors suggesting moderate evidence in favor of the null hypothesis. These results suggest flexibility in the materials …

International Comparisons Of The Home Mathematics Environment And Relations With Children's Mathematical Achievement, Alexa Ellis, Jimena Cosso, Robert Duncan, María Inés Susperreguy, Victoria Simms, David J. Purpura

Purdue Center for Early Learning Faculty and Staff Publications

Background: Home mathematics environment (HME) research has focused on parent–child interactions surrounding numerical activities as measured by the frequency of engaging in such activities. However, HME survey questions have been developed from limited perspectives (e.g., Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 27, 2012, 231; Journal of Social Issues, 64, 2008, 95; Early childhood mathematics education research: Learning trajectories for young children, Routledge, New York, 2009), by researchers from a small subset of countries (15; Psychological Bulletin, 147, 2020, 565), which may skew our interpretations. Aims and Sample: This study broadened international representation by leveraging secondary data from the 2019 TIMSS to examine …

Exploring Chatgpt For Business Question/Assignments, Rhonda J Mcginnis

Midwest Business Librarian Summit (MBLS)

Lightning Talk for the Midwest Business Librarians Summit on testing the ChatGPT AI service using academic business questions and scenarios. The brief presentation will show and comment on the results of a variety of questions posed to the Chat GPT service that reflect common types of questions from different business disciplines. It will conclude with an assessment of what this and other similar tools might mena for the future of Business Librarianship

Factor Structure Of School Readiness Skills: Conceptual Vs. Statistical Distinctions, Robert Duncan, Kirsten L. Anderson, Jennifer Finders, David J. Purpura, Sara A. Schmitt

Purdue Center for Early Learning Faculty and Staff Publications

Introduction: School readiness skills are a broad set of abilities that children develop in early childhood that support achievement once they enter formal schooling. Three components of school readiness skills are of focus in the current study: executive function (EF), language/literacy, and mathematics. The current study examines to what extent 13 direct assessments of these skills statistically align with theoretical models for distinct construct- and timepoint-specific latent factors.

Methods: The sample included 684 children (52.34% male; 42% Black/African American; M_age = 4.80 years in the fall of prekindergarten) assessed in the fall and spring of the prekindergarten year.

Results: …

Cardiac Output And Stroke Volume From The Pneumocardiogram: A New Mechanistic Insight And Practical Calculation, Charles F. Babbs

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Working Papers

This paper presents a new and more complete mechanism for the genesis of the pneumocardiogram—a record of the small oscillations in airflow in the trachea and upper airways accompanying each heartbeat. This signal may be the basis of a simple, inexpensive and noninvasive measure of cardiac stroke volume; however, research into its practical use has languished because of poor understanding of its underlying cause and meaning. This paper explains the genesis of the pneumocardiogram, based upon net changes in intrathoracic blood volume during the cardiac cycle, together with low pass filtering of the volume signal by airway resistance and lung-chest …

Rapid And Efficient Computation Of Cell Trajectories During Ultrasonic Focusing, Charles F. Babbs, Mary V. Lang

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Working Papers

This biophysical analysis explores the first-principles physics of movement of white blood cell sized particles, suspended in an aqueous fluid and experiencing progressive or standing waves of acoustic pressure. In many current applications the cells are gradually nudged or herded toward the antinodes of the standing wave, providing a degree of acoustic focusing and concentration of the cells in layers perpendicular to the direction of sound propagation. Here the underlying biomechanics of this phenomenon are analyzed specifically for the viscous regime of water--as opposed to air--and for small diameter microscopic spheroids such as living cells--as opposed to large diameter, macroscopic …

Contextualizing And Integrating Practices: Reclaiming Authenticity Lost From Translating Workplace Engineering Practices Into K-12 Standards, Anne E. Leak, Lindsay M. Owens, Kelly Norris Martin, Benjamin M. Zwickl

Journal of Pre-College Engineering Education Research (J-PEER)

K-12 students need to become familiar with engineering because 21st-century careers integrate engineering practices across all science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields. While the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) emphasize learning real science and engineering practices, further work is needed to authenticate engineering for K-12 education. The NGSS are presented in a way that merges a single general practice with a core disciplinary idea and cross-cutting concept. Based on this framing and underlying epistemology, NGSS engineering practices are often implemented as overgeneralized, isolated, and largely context-neutral. Yet, in the STEM workplace, practices are rarely done in isolation from one …

Waste Treatment Facility Location For Hotel Chains, Dolores R. Santos-Peñate, Rafael R. Suárez-Vega, Carmen Florido De La Nuez

ITSA 2022 Gran Canaria - 9th Biennial Conference: Corporate Entrepreneurship and Global Tourism Strategies After Covid 19

Tourism generates huge amounts of waste. About half of the waste generated by hotels is food and garden bio-waste. This bio-waste can be used to make compost and pellets. In turn, pellets can be used as an absorbent material in composters and as an energy source. We consider the problem of locating composting and pellet-making facilities so that the bio-waste generated by a chain of hotels can be managed at or close to the generation points. An optimization model is applied to locate the facilities and allocate the waste and products, and several scenarios are analysed. The study shows that, …

Instagram Travel Influencers Coping With Covid-19 Travel Disruption, Andrei Kirilenko, Katarzyna Emin, Karen Tavares

ITSA 2022 Gran Canaria - 9th Biennial Conference: Corporate Entrepreneurship and Global Tourism Strategies After Covid 19

A significant portion of today’s marketing is done through social media influencers, that is, through bloggers with established online credibility in a certain area who are recognized and followed by a sizable online audience. In the travel and hospitality industry, the influencer marketing is primarily done through Instagram due to its emphasis on visual images rather than texts. Covid-19 related travel restrictions and shrinking social media advertisement in travel industry have heavily impacted travel influencers, reducing their income and forcing many out of business. We present the outcomes of a study of the top 150 online travel influencers. The analysis …

The Geography Of Payment Activity On Paypal, Russell Hillberry, Kornel Mahlstein, Simon Schropp

Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty Publications

We use data from PayPal to study the geography of online payment activity. An empirical gravity model finds a distance elasticity of −0.58 for payment value, a result that is 40% lower than typically observed in conventional trade data. The firm-extensive margin is approximately half as sensitive to distance. The link between the scale of merchants' exports and transaction distance is considerably weaker than observed in conventional international trade data. Zipf's Law holds for PayPal merchants in some countries, but fails in smaller PayPal markets. Merchants' account ages only marginally affect the scale and average distance of their export sales.

Why Agriculture Productivity Falls: The Political Economy Of Agrarian Transition In Developing Countries, Rashed Al Mahmud Titumir

Purdue University Press Books

Why Agriculture Productivity Falls: The Political Economy of Agrarian Transition in Developing Countries offers a new explanation for the decline in agricultural productivity in developing countries. Transcending the conventional approaches to understanding productivity using agricultural inputs and factors of production, this work brings in the role of formal and informal institutions that govern transactions, property rights, and accumulation. This more robust methodology leads to a comprehensive, well-balanced lens to perceive agrarian transition in developing countries. It argues that the existing process of accumulation has resulted in nonsustainable agriculture because of market failures—the result of asymmetries of power, diseconomies of scale, …

Transport Of Nitrite From Large Arteries Modulates Regional Blood Flow During Stress And Exercise, Joseph C. Muskat, Charles F. Babbs, Craig J. Goergen, Vitaliy L. Rayz

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Background: Acute cardiovascular stress increases systemic wall shear stress (WSS)–a frictional force exerted by the flow of blood on vessel walls–which raises plasma nitrite concentration due to enhanced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity. Upstream eNOS inhibition modulates distal perfusion, and autonomic stress increases both the consumption and vasodilatory effects of endogenous nitrite. Plasma nitrite maintains vascular homeostasis during exercise and disruption of nitrite bioavailability can lead to intermittent claudication. Hypothesis: During acute cardiovascular stress or strenuous exercise, we hypothesize enhanced production of nitric oxide (NO) by vascular endothelial cells raises nitrite concentrations in near-wall layers of flowing blood, resulting …

Double Reservoirs Imaged Below Great Sitkin Volcano, Alaska, Explain The Migration Of Volcanic Seismicity, Xiaotao Yang, Diana C. Roman, Matthew Haney, Cody A. Kupres

Purdue University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund

Volcanic seismicity provides essential insights into the behavior of an active volcano across multiple time scales. However, to understand how magma moves as the eruption cycle develops, better knowledge of the geometry and physical properties of the magma plumbing system is required. In this study, using full-wave ambient noise tomography, we image the three-dimensional (3-D) crustal shear-wave velocity structure below Great Sitkin Volcano in the central Aleutian Arc. The velocity model reveals two low-velocity anomalies correlating with the migration of volcanic seismicity. With a bulk melt fraction of about 2.5%–9%, these low-velocity anomalies are interpreted as mushy magma reservoirs. We …

The Future Of Indiana’S Water Resources: A Report From The Indiana Climate Change Impacts Assessment, Keith Cherkauer, Robert Barr, Laura C. Bowling, Kyuhyun Byun, Indrajeet Chaubey, Natalie Chin, Chun-Mei Chiu, Darren Ficklin, Alan Hamlet, Stephen Kines, Charlotte Lee, Ram Neupane, Garett Pignotti, Sanoar Rahman, Sarmistha Singh, Pandara Valappil Femeena, Tanja Williamson, Melissa Widhalm, Jeffrey Dukes

Water Report

This report from the Indiana Climate Change Impacts Assessment (IN CCIA) applies climate change projections for the state to explore how continued changes in Indiana’s climate are going to affect all aspects of water resources, including soil water, evaporation, runoff, snow cover, streamflow, drought, and flooding. As local temperatures continue to rise and rainfall patterns shift, managing the multiple water needs of communities, natural systems, recreation, industry, and agriculture will become increasingly difficult. Ensuring that enough water is available in the right places and at the right times will require awareness of Indiana’s changing water resources and planning at regional …

Library Publishing Directory 2023, Library Publishing Coalition

Library Publishing Directory

No abstract provided.

Factors Influencing Student Outcomes In K-12 Integrated Stem Education: A Systematic Review, Kadir Kozan, Secil Caskurlu, Siddika Selcen Guzey

Journal of Pre-College Engineering Education Research (J-PEER)

Earlier integrated science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education research has shown effects on students’ attitudes toward STEM careers, actual and perceived learning, and interest in pursuing a STEM career in their future endeavors. The current systematic review purported to review the recent K-12 integrated STEM education research to determine (a) the factors that influence student outcomes and (b) the general characteristics of reviewed studies. Overall, the results (a) showed that most studies focused on integrating at least three subject areas; (b) highlighted four main factors (i.e., instructional, teacher-related, student-related, and extracurricular factors) that jointly influence student outcomes; and (c) …

Second Reaction: The Doctor With An Eye For Eyes, Giwon Yi

First Opinions, Second Reactions

No abstract provided.

First Opinion: Fly, Girl, Fly!, Bhavana Kotla

First Opinions, Second Reactions

No abstract provided.

Public Acceptance Of Guidance And Regulations For Space Flight Participation, Cory Trunkhill, Robert Joslin, Joseph Keebler

Journal of Aviation Technology and Engineering

Space flight participants are not professional astronauts and not subject to the rules and guidance covering space flight crewmembers. Ordinal logistic regression of survey data was utilized to explore public acceptance of current medical screening recommendations and regulations for safety risk and implied liability for civil space flight participation. Independent variables constituted participant demographic representations while dependent variables represented current Federal Aviation Administration guidance and regulations. Odds ratios were derived based on the demographic categories to interpret likelihood of acceptance for the criteria. Significant likely acceptance of guidance and regulations was found for five of twelve demographic variables influencing public …

The Model 2.0 And Friends: An Interim Report, Garrison W. Cottrell, Martha Gahl, Shubham Kulkarni, Shashank Venkatramani, Yash Shah, Keyu Long, Xuzhe Zhi, Shivaank Agarwal, Cody Li, Jingyuan He, Thomas Fischer

MODVIS Workshop

Last year, I reported on preliminary results of an anatomically-inspired deep learning model of the visual system and its role in explaining the face inversion effect. This year, I will report on new results and some variations on network architectures that we have explored, mainly as a way to generate discussion and get feedback. This is by no means a polished, final presentation!

We look forward to the group’s suggestions for these projects.

Automated Delineation Of Visual Area Boundaries And Eccentricities By A Cnn Using Functional, Anatomical, And Diffusion-Weighted Mri Data, Noah C. Benson, Bogeng Song, Toshikazu Miyata, Hiromasa Takemura, Jonathan Winawer

MODVIS Workshop

Delineating visual field maps and iso-eccentricities from fMRI data is an important but time-consuming task for many neuroimaging studies on the human visual cortex because the traditional methods of doing so using retinotopic mapping experiments require substantial expertise as well as scanner, computer, and human time. Automated methods based on gray-matter anatomy or a combination of anatomy and functional mapping can reduce these requirements but are less accurate than experts. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are powerful tools for automated medical image segmentation. We hypothesize that CNNs can define visual area boundaries with high accuracy. We trained U-Net CNNs with ResNet18 …

Toward A Manifold Encoding Neural Responses, Luciano Dyballa, Andra M. Rudzite, Mahmood S. Hoseini, Mishek Thapa, Michael P. Stryker, Greg D. Field, Steven W. Zucker

MODVIS Workshop

Understanding circuit properties from physiological data presents two challenges: (i) recordings do not reveal connectivity, and (ii) stimuli only exercise circuits to a limited extent. We address these challenges for the mouse visual system with a novel neural manifold obtained using unsupervised algorithms. Each point in our manifold is a neuron; nearby neurons respond similarly in time to similar parts of a stimulus ensemble. This ensemble includes drifting gratings and flows, i.e., patterns resembling what a mouse would “see” running through fields.

Regarding (i), our manifold differs from the standard practice in computational neuroscience: embedding trials in neural coordinates. Topology …

How Object Segmentation And Perceptual Grouping Emerge In Noisy Variational Autoencoders, Ben Lonnqvist, Zhengqing Wu, Michael H. Herzog

MODVIS Workshop

Many animals and humans can recognize and segment objects from their backgrounds. Whether object segmentation is necessary for object recognition has long been a topic of debate. Deep neural networks (DNNs) excel at object recognition, but not at segmentation tasks - this has led to the belief that object recognition and segmentation are separate mechanisms in visual processing. Here, however, we show evidence that in variational autoencoders (VAEs), segmentation and faithful representation of data can be interlinked. VAEs are encoder-decoder models that learn to represent independent generative factors of the data as a distribution in a very small bottleneck layer; …

Evaluating Models Of Scanpath Prediction, Matthias Kümmerer, Matthias Bethge

MODVIS Workshop

No abstract provided.

A Dynamical Model Of Binding In Visual Cortex During Incremental Grouping And Search, Daniel Schmid, Daniel A. Braun, Heiko Neumann

MODVIS Workshop

Binding of visual information is crucial for several perceptual tasks. To incrementally group an object, elements in a space-feature neighborhood need to be bound together starting from an attended location (Roelfsema, TICS, 2005). To perform visual search, candidate locations and cued features must be evaluated conjunctively to retrieve a target (Treisman&Gormican, Psychol Rev, 1988). Despite different requirements on binding, both tasks are solved by the same neural substrate. In a model of perceptual decision-making, we give a mechanistic explanation for how this can be achieved. The architecture consists of a visual cortex module and a higher-order thalamic module. While the …

Leveraging Mathematical Modeling To Analyze Nonadherence For Hydroxyurea Therapy In Sickle Cell Disease, Akancha Pandey, Rubesh Raja, Jeremie H. Estepp, Doraiswami Ramkrishna

Purdue University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund

Nonadherence is common in individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD) on hydroxyurea therapy and can be observed with waning improvements in hematologic parameters or biomarkers like mean cell volume and fetal hemoglobin level over time. We modeled the impact of hydroxyurea nonadherence on longitudinal biomarker profiles. We estimated the potential nonadherent days in individuals exhibiting a drop in biomarker levels by modifying the dosing profile using a probabilistic approach. Incorporating additional nonadherence using our approach besides existing ones in the dosing profile improves the model fits. We also studied how different patterns in adherence give rise to various physiological profiles …