Digital Commons Network^™

The 2018 Charleston Conference Poster Sessions — A Sampler, Katina Strauch, Tom Gilson

Against the Grain

No abstract provided.

Future Through The Past — Emerging Research Literature, Donald Beagle

Against the Grain

No abstract provided.

The Scholarly Publishing Scene — The Rr Hawkins Prize, Myer Kutz

Against the Grain

No abstract provided.

Mayflower: Ode To New Beginnings — A New Columnfor New Times With A Positive Mission, Antje Mays

Against the Grain

No abstract provided.

Profiles Encouraged

Against the Grain

No abstract provided.

Don's Conference Notes-Scholarly Publishing At The Crossroads: The 40th Ssp Meeting, Donald T. Hawkins

Against the Grain

No abstract provided.

Using Probe Data Analytics For Assessing Freeway Speed Reductions During Rain Events, W. Logan Downing, Howell Li, William T. Morgan, Cassandra Mckee, Darcy M. Bullock

JTRP Affiliated Reports

Rain impacts roadways such as wet pavement, standing water, decreased visibility, and wind gusts and can lead to hazardous driving conditions. This study investigates the use of high fidelity Doppler data at 1 km spatial and 2-minute temporal resolution in combination with commercial probe speed data on freeways.

Segment-based space-mean speeds were used and drops in speeds during rainfall events of 5.5 mm/hour or greater over a one-month period on a section of four to six-lane interstate were assessed. Speed reductions were evaluated as a time series over a 1-hour window with the rain data. Three interpolation methods for estimating …

The Oral Writing-Revision Space: Identifying A New And Common Discourse Feature Of Writing Center Consultations, Melody Denny

The Writing Center Journal

No abstract provided.

Automated Estimation Of Winter Driving Conditions, Michael E. Baldwin, Kevin D. Burris, Kimberly L. Elmore

JTRP Technical Reports

There is great potential for improvements in traveler safety and satisfaction as new sources of information are incorporated into advanced analytics and prediction systems. It is critical for transportation agencies to be able to monitor weather conditions in real-time as well as over the long-term for purposes of maintenance, planning, and performance evaluation. Travelers also use this information to plan their routes, make decisions on timing, and improve their awareness of potential hazards. A machine learning model was developed in this project to automatically estimate winter driving conditions in real-time using weather information as input. This system can provide rapid …

Decision Making Processes For Bim Software Selection In The U.S. A.E.C. Industry: Developing A Unified, Streamlined Framework., Richelle Fosu

Purdue Polytechnic Doctoral Dissertations

The use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) techniques and tools continues to gain popularity in the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry as more companies in the various sectors are utilizing it in one form or another. In this research, the decision-making process of construction firms with respect to the selection of BIM software for use is investigated. Through one on one interviews and gathered survey responses, a framework mapping out the various paths the exist in the decision-making process are explored. This data is then used to form a framework for BIM software selection in the construction sector of …

Brain Motion, Deformation, And Potential Injury During Soccer Heading, Charles F. Babbs

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Working Papers

This paper addresses the problem of what is happening physically inside the skull during head-ball contact. Mathematical models based upon Newton’s laws of motion and numerical methods are used to create animations of brain motion and deformation inside the skull.

Initially a 1 cm gap filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) separates the brain from the rigid skull in adults and older children. Whole head acceleration induces a pulse of artificial gravity within the skull. Because brain density differs slightly from that of CSF, the brain accelerates and strikes the inner aspect of the skull, undergoing viscoelastic deformation, ranging from 1 …

Making Sense With Manipulatives: Developing Mathematical Experiences For Early Childhood Teachers, Cara E. Furman

Education and Culture

This paper is premised on the fact that math can be an important tool in helping people make sense of the world. Math offers a unique and particular lens, helping people to focus on a range of characteristics from shape and amount to the relationship between the general and the particular. To promote math as a tool for making sense, early childhood math instruction ought to teach it in a manner that helps children make sense of mathematical concepts.

Specifically, I argue here that manipulatives are often brought into the early childhood classroom to promote “hands-on” learning without facilitating making …

The Continuing Challenge Of Progressive Thought: Lessons From A College In Prison, Ellen Condliffe Lagemann

Education and Culture

No abstract provided.

Editor’S Note, David Granger

Education and Culture

No abstract provided.

Supporting Mechanistic Reasoning In Domain-Specific Contexts, Paul J. Weinberg

Journal of Pre-College Engineering Education Research (J-PEER)

Mechanistic reasoning is an epistemic practice central within science, technology, engineering, and mathematics disciplines. Although there has been some work on mechanistic reasoning in the research literature and standards documents, much of this work targets domain-general characterizations of mechanistic reasoning; this study provides domain-specific illustrations of mechanistic reasoning. The data in this study comes from the Assessment of Mechanistic Reasoning Project (AMRP) (Weinberg, 2012), designed using item response theory modeling to diagnose individuals’ mechanistic reasoning about systems of levers. Such a characterization of mechanistic reasoning illuminates what is easy and difficult about this form of reasoning, within the subdomain of …

Nonlinear Design, Modeling, And Simulation Of Magneto-Rheological Suspension: A Control System And Systems Engineering Approach., Hrishikesh B. Zambare

Open Access Theses

Suspension has been the most important subsystem of the vehicle viewed as a system. The ride comfort and vehicle handling performance are affected by the suspension design. Automotive technology has been continuously incorporating developments over the past few decades to provide the end users with a better comfort of driving. Multi-objective optimization of MR damper with objective function of maximizing damping force generated by MR damper with the geometrical parametric constraint function is achieved in this research using pattern search optimization technique.

Research focuses on design, modeling, and simulation of active suspension using non-linear theory of the Magneto-Rheological (MR) damper …

Integrated Neural Amplifiers Using Dc Clamping Topology In 45 Nm Cmos Soi, Ming-Shiuan Tsai

Open Access Theses

The neural recording systems have the potential to improve the understanding of central nervous system and may help curing neurological disease. With the increasing demands on neural recording systems, the requirements of low power and small area for such microelectronic systems increase. Devices are scaled down and different fabrication processes are introduced. The Global foundries 45 nm CMOS Silicon on Insulator (SOI) technology which uses a buried oxide to isolate the surface and substrate reduces the leakage current and improves the overall power consumption of the circuits. This thesis relates to design and characterization of the amplifiers for neural recording …

Infinite Free Resolutions And Blowup Algebras, Alessio Sammartano

Open Access Dissertations

This dissertation deals with questions concerning ideals and modules over graded or local noetherian commutative rings. The main results deal with the quantitative analysis of free resolutions, with particular emphasis on infinite ones, and with the structure of blowup algebras of certain determinantal ideals. In Chapter 3 we consider resolutions of ideals containing a regular sequence of powers of variables. Let S be a polynomial ring and R a complete intersection in S defined by pure powers of the variables. We prove that, in the Hilbert scheme parametrizing the closed subschemes of Proj(R) with a fixed Hilbert polynomial ℘, there …

An Examination Of The Relationship Between Acoustic Measures Of English Prosody And Holistic Measures Of English Proficiency In Extemporaneous Speech Of Native Chinese Speakers Of English As A Second Language, Carl Tyler Johnson

Open Access Dissertations

English prosody works as a structural and semantic glue that establishes relationships among words and phrases within a sentence, and among sentences within a larger discourse. This dissertation hypothesizes and demonstrates an association between acoustic measurements of English prosody and holistic measures of English proficiency. To test this hypothesis, acoustic data was used from 10 examinees each of low, medium, and high oral English proficiency groups of L1 Chinese speakers who took Purdue’s Oral English Proficiency Test (OEPT). Prosodic measurements of duration, F0, and intensity were gathered from adjacent function and content words in the OEPT audio data and compared …

Electrochemical Synthesis Of Thin Films For Use As Water And Biofuel Electrocatalysts, Morrisa Regis

Open Access Dissertations

In creating a society focused on responsible energy production and consumption, green chemistry is now at the forefront of much scientific research. Interest in renewable energy and alternative fuels is by no means new but with the rapidly depleting fossil fuel resources, and hazardous byproducts of its production and use the areas hold the most promising answers to the looming energy crisis. Suitable catalyst materials for electrochemical water reduction and biomass conversion, specifically 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) reduction, have been previously identified. In the case of water electrolysis, precious metal catalysts are excellent due to the low energy input, however they are …

A Study Of Spatial Ability And 3d Modeling Capabilities, Jesse Edward Zahner

Open Access Theses

The nature of design is that it is always changing, new methods develop that are better or we learn how we are adapting to new challenges. In accordance with this, the study shown in this paper introduces a class of students at Purdue University to the Mental CuttingTest to judge their spatial ability. The students, then tasked with building three models from isometric views, timed themselves while completing the modeling task and provided their finished models back. The models were interrogated to attempt to find a link between spatial abilitylevels, time taken to do the task, steps taken to complete …

A Computational And Experimental Investigation Of Lignin Metabolism In Arabidopsis Thaliana., Rohit Jaini

Open Access Dissertations

Predominantly localized in plant secondary cell walls, lignin is a highly crosslinked, aromatic polymer that imparts structural support to plant vasculature, and renders biomass recalcitrant to pretreatment techniques impeding the economical production of biofuels. Lignin is synthesized via the phenylpropanoid pathway where the primary precursor phenylalanine (Phe) undergoes a series of functional modifications catalyzed by 11 enzyme families to produce p-coumaryl, coniferyl, and sinapyl alcohol, which undergo random polymerization into lignin. Several metabolic engineering efforts have aimed to alter lignin content and composition, and make biofuel feedstock more amenable to pretreatment techniques. Despite significant advances, several questions pertaining to carbon …

Endocrine Disrupting Effects Of Halogenated Chemicals On Fish, Amy Elizabeth Godfrey

Open Access Dissertations

Halogenated chemicals are commonly used in a variety of everyday products such as cookware, electronics, furniture and baby products. Some of these chemicals have been found to negatively affect development and endocrine disruption. Therefore, there is a need for the development of next generation replacements that are less toxic; however, more studies need to be conducted to ensure their safety. The main objective of this dissertation was to assess the endocrine disrupting potential of halogenated and next generation chemicals, singly and in mixtures, in fish. We tested three well studied halogens, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), tris (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP) and tetrabromobisphenal …

Multi-Sensor Fault Tolerant Learning Algorithm In An Agricultural Robotic System, Praditya Ajidarma

Open Access Theses

In recent years, more attempts on mechanization, intensification, and automation have been implemented to increase agricultural productivity. However, only few of the concepts are financially feasible for most agricultural fields, mostly due to the high cost of stationary on-ground sensors that is required in such concepts. In response to this issue, a novel approach of using sensor-mounted mobile robots to perform daily inspection has been proposed. By moving the sensors towards different object location, the investment cost is lowered and the framework become more affordable for most agricultural fields. In response to the background mentioned above, this research aims to …

Relative Importance Of Different Body Channels To The Believability Of A Stylized 3d Character Animation In A Full Body Shot, Saikiran Anasingaraju

Open Access Theses

Character animation involves movement in different channels of the character’s body. There is a norm in the animation industry that each of these different body channels has varying contributions to the believability of an acting performance: body movement being the highest contributor and lip sync the lowest. This thesis investigated this norm using statistical analysis. While the reduction of body motion caused the biggest drop in believability, similar reductions in facial animation and lip sync have not made a significant effect on the believability. The only exception to the above statement is the animation depicting the emotion sadness, where no …

Interactivity Factors In Visualization-Based Exploratory Search, Ali Baigelenov

Open Access Theses

Two of the main components of visualizations are representation and interaction. Several researchers have noted that the interaction component has been receiving less attention than the visual (representation) component. It was also noted by several researchers that there is currently no well-developed theoretical base for interaction research in information visualization. A number of important contributions to this problem were made, resulting in different frameworks that aimed to deal with various aspects of interaction design, such as benefits, costs, and techniques, to name a few. Despite the contributions and findings, the interactivity factors of diversity, complementarity, and fitness are still relatively …

What Are The Lived Challenges Experienced By Black Females In A Stem Doctoral Program At A Majority White Institution?, Sharlane S. Cleare

Open Access Theses

The purpose of this study is to explore the challenges experienced by Black female STEM doctoral students at a Majority White Institution. This study examined how, and to what extent did the Majority White Institution’s STEM environment infuenced such challenges. The qualitative phenomenological approach to this investigation utilized the lenses of Black Feminist Thought and Critical Race Feminism Theoretical Frameworks as interconnected lenses by which to conceptualize this phenomenon. This study answered the following question: What are the lived challenges experienced by Black female in a STEM doctoral program at a Majority White Institution? Purposeful and snowball sampling were employed …

Oxygen Diffusion Through Jp-8 As Related To Thermal-Oxidative Coking And Titania-Based Remediation Measures, John Wood Ellis

Open Access Theses

Thermal oxidative coking in jet engine injector passages leads to costly maintenance procedures as well as a significant decrease in engine efficiency. Research has shown that removing dissolved oxygen from the fuel before it reaches a heated passage can result in 1/70th of the coke buildup in injector passages [1]. However, the concern is that the high pressure, high temperature environment of an engine’s combustion chamber will cause the fuel to re-oxygenate rapidly, negating any positive effects of the de-oxygenating process. In connection with attempting to better understand and find solutions to the re-oxygenation leading to coking problem, the objective …

Using The Coulombian Approach To Model 3-D Forces, Torques, And Stable Positions In A Master / Slave Permanent Magnet System, James E. Davis Ii

Open Access Theses

Previous research in master and slave systems has demonstrated the effectiveness of using permanent magnets to perform remote functions. Different approaches have been utilized by authors to model the force interactions between two or more magnets. Limiting aspects such as solution time or models with limited geometry inspired the use of a different method.

The coulombian approach was used to model a master and slave system of neodymium magnets with complex 3-D orientation angles motivated by a previous prototype. The work demonstrated how the coulombian approach was applied to the master and slave system, how the force and torque interactions …

Nanosecond Electric Pulse Induced Changes Of Mammalian Cell Suspension Conductivity In Real Time, Andrew J. Fairbanks

Open Access Theses

Electric pulses (EPs) have been used for many biological applications from electrochemotherapy to wound healing. While conventional techniques use microsecond to millisecond pulses, more recent techniques use nanosecond EPs (NSEPs) with a much higher amplitude. Generally, the longer duration pulses fully charge the plasma membrane to permeabilize it in a process called electroporation. NSEPs fully charge the smaller intracellular organelles to enable the manipulation of intracellular function; however, they still partially charge the membrane to permeabilize it to facilitate the transport of smaller ions. Experiments have demonstrated this motion using dyes and long-term (on the order of minutes) electrical measurements. …