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Spatial Analysis Of Landscape Characteristics, Anthropogenic Factors, And Seasonality Effects On Water Quality In Portland, Oregon, Katherine Gelsey, Daniel Ramirez Aug 2021

Spatial Analysis Of Landscape Characteristics, Anthropogenic Factors, And Seasonality Effects On Water Quality In Portland, Oregon, Katherine Gelsey, Daniel Ramirez

REU Final Reports

Urban areas often struggle with deteriorated water quality as a result of complex interactions between landscape factors such as land cover, use, and management as well as climatic variables such as weather, precipitation, and atmospheric conditions. Green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) has been introduced as a strategy to reintroduce pre-development hydrological conditions in cities, but questions remain as to how GSI interacts with other landscape factors to affect water quality. We conducted a statistical analysis of six relevant water quality indicators in 131 water quality stations in four watersheds around Portland, Oregon using data from 2015 to 2021. Indiscriminate of station …

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Adoption And Use Of E-Grocery Shopping In The Context Of The Covid-19 Pandemic: Implications For Transport Systems And Beyond, Gabriella Abou-Zeid Aug 2021

Adoption And Use Of E-Grocery Shopping In The Context Of The Covid-19 Pandemic: Implications For Transport Systems And Beyond, Gabriella Abou-Zeid

Dissertations and Theses

In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic drastically impacted travel for in-person shopping, commute trips, global supply chains, and food business operations. Previously mundane tasks, like shopping for food and household items, became markedly different as new social distancing and mask guidelines were put in place to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. Concurrently, e-commerce sales in the U.S. skyrocketed. E-grocery pickup and delivery services saw unprecedented expansions. The adoption and use of e-grocery services have implications for equity and mobility, although the nature of the relationship of e-grocery to the latter is still unclear. Enhancing our understanding of the drivers of (and …

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Multi-Agent Radiation Localization, Teresa Nguyen Aug 2021

Multi-Agent Radiation Localization, Teresa Nguyen

REU Final Reports

Advancement of radiation detection technology is an ongoing process, and adjustments are made based on pre-existing conditions of radiation presence--both natural and man made. Tools that are currently used for safely detecting radiation in urban environments exist in several forms: drones, robots, or handheld radiation detection devices. This is a harm reductive way to explore radiation-infected environments while preserving human health as best as possible. In order for these autonomous platforms to successfully detect radiation sources, an algorithm needs to be created that is capable of gathering crucial data on its own with little to no human interference. Machine learning …

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Client Access Feature Engineering For The Homeless Community Of The City Of Portland, Oswaldo Ceballos Jr Aug 2021

Client Access Feature Engineering For The Homeless Community Of The City Of Portland, Oswaldo Ceballos Jr

altREU Projects

Given the severity of homeless in many cities across the country, the project at hand attempts to assist a service provider organization called Central City Concern (CCC) with their mission of providing services to the community of Portland. These services include housing, recovery, health care, and jobs. With many different types of services available through the works of CCC, there exists an abundance of information and data pertaining to the individuals that interact with the CCC service system. The goal of this project is to perform an exploratory analysis and feature engineer the existing datasets CCC has collected over the …

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Active Rock Glaciers Of The Contiguous United States: Geographic Information System Inventory And Spatial Distribution Patterns, Gunnar Johnson, Heejun Chang, Andrew G. Fountain Aug 2021

Active Rock Glaciers Of The Contiguous United States: Geographic Information System Inventory And Spatial Distribution Patterns, Gunnar Johnson, Heejun Chang, Andrew G. Fountain

Geography Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this study we present the Portland State University Active Rock Glacier Inventory (n=10 332) for the contiguous United States, derived from the manual classification of remote sensing imagery (Johnson, 2020; https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.918585). Individually, these active rock glaciers are found across widely disparate montane environments, but their overall distribution unambiguously favors relatively high, arid mountain ranges with sparse vegetation. While at least one active rock glacier is identified in each of the 11 westernmost states, nearly 88 % are found in just five states: Colorado (n=3889), Montana (n=1813), Idaho (n=1689), Wyoming ( …

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The Afghanistan Debacle, Mel Gurtov Aug 2021

The Afghanistan Debacle, Mel Gurtov

Political Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

This article assesses the US debacle in Afghanistan in light of the Vietnam War and US forever wars.

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Time To Re-Evaluate Taniguchi Jiro's Pace In Manga, Natsume Fusanosuke, Jon Holt, Teppei Fukuda Aug 2021

Time To Re-Evaluate Taniguchi Jiro's Pace In Manga, Natsume Fusanosuke, Jon Holt, Teppei Fukuda

World Languages and Literatures Faculty Publications and Presentations

Natsume Fusanosuke is Emeritus Professor of the Graduate Program of Cultural Studies in Corporeal and Visual Representation, Gakushūin University. Despite his recent retirement from Gakushūin in March, he is still very active in manga criticism and scholarship. Originally a manga artist himself in the 1980s, by the 1990s he began doing more writing about manga, although he often still employs his cartooning skills to assist in his analysis and explanation of his subjects, much like his American contemporary Scott McCloud. It is not a stretch to compare the latter’s Understanding Comics to Natsume's work in the classic How to Read …

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Reporting Adherence To Resistance Training In Cancer Survivors And Their Partners: A Comparison Between Prescribed And Received Training Dose, Oliver Lumbad, Kerri Winters-Stone Aug 2021

Reporting Adherence To Resistance Training In Cancer Survivors And Their Partners: A Comparison Between Prescribed And Received Training Dose, Oliver Lumbad, Kerri Winters-Stone

McNair Symposium

Resistance training is increasingly recognized as a behavioral strategy that can negate the adverse effects of cancer treatment. The exercise prescriptions were derived from trial method reports which may not reflect the actual dose of exercise in relation to study outcomes. It is possible, therefore, that the dose of exercise necessary to evoke a particular benefit may differ from published recommendations. Purpose: To report exercise adherence and dose in a resistance training program for cancer survivors and their partners. Furthermore, we aim to assess tolerability, compliance, and strength outcomes by comparing received training volume. Methods: Preliminary data from 25 participants …

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The Social Determinants Of Human Milk Banking: Impacts Of Demographic And Geographical Factors On Human Milk Donor Behavior, Zayba Z. Afshar, Claire Wheeler Aug 2021

The Social Determinants Of Human Milk Banking: Impacts Of Demographic And Geographical Factors On Human Milk Donor Behavior, Zayba Z. Afshar, Claire Wheeler

McNair Symposium

Human milk banking is a vital source of milk for infants for a multitude of reasons. Many of which go to medically fragile infants in Newborn Intensive Care Units (NICUs). The purpose of this study is to learn about how the social determinants of health and graphical factors affect human milk donor behavior through GIS (Geographic Information System) mapping to provide recommendations on how to improve overall donor participation. This research was conducted through a partnership with a local human milk bank accredited by HMBANA called Northwest Mothers Milk Bank (NWMMB) located in Tigard, OR. Demographic and geographic data was …

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A Paleoseismic Study Of The Twin Lakes Fault, Mount Hood Fault Zone, Oregon, Charlie Carr, Ashley R. Streig Aug 2021

A Paleoseismic Study Of The Twin Lakes Fault, Mount Hood Fault Zone, Oregon, Charlie Carr, Ashley R. Streig

McNair Symposium

Recent geologic mapping on high-resolution topography from lidar has led to the discovery of a zone of active faults on Mount Hood. The Mt. Hood Fault Zone consists of four separate faults, and stretches ~55 km from south to north, and crosses the summit of Mount Hood. The focus of this study is the northern section of Twin Lakes Fault, which lies directly south of Mount Hood and adjacent to OR35 and the White River. Lidar topography reveals the west side down normal displacement on the Twin Lakes fault. The highest tectonic seismicity rates in the Mount Hood area occur …

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Niche Partitioning And Utilization Of Different Nitrogen Sources By Marine Cyanobacteria Synechococcus, Angel Bui, Anne W. Thompson Aug 2021

Niche Partitioning And Utilization Of Different Nitrogen Sources By Marine Cyanobacteria Synechococcus, Angel Bui, Anne W. Thompson

McNair Symposium

The Cyanobacterium Synechococcus plays a major role in the ocean’s biochemical processes and is responsible for a significant amount of primary production, especially around coastal areas. Synechococcus has a wide geographical distribution that includes both polar and high-nutrient waters. Within the genus, there are defined subpopulations that are ecologically distinct that allow them to niche partition the dynamic oceans. To further explore niche partitioning of Synechococcus, this project combines a bioinformatic and culture-based approach. I examined data along the North Pacific Subtropical Front (NSPF) to analyze the community structure. This analysis demonstrated that a particular ecotype identified as clade II …

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Motivational Factors And Opportunities To Science, Technology, Engineering, And Mathematics (Stem) Majors Among Native Hawaiian And Other Pacific Islanders (Nhpi), Shanthia Espinosa, Alma M. O. Trinidad Aug 2021

Motivational Factors And Opportunities To Science, Technology, Engineering, And Mathematics (Stem) Majors Among Native Hawaiian And Other Pacific Islanders (Nhpi), Shanthia Espinosa, Alma M. O. Trinidad

McNair Symposium

Higher education is a contentious space that poses challenges and barriers to the science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields. This study explores the motivational factors and opportunities to STEM fields among Native Hawaiian Pacific Islanders (NHPI). A qualitative method was used in this study, examining public archival data (e.g., videos, recordings, digital information, etc.) of self-identified NHPI scientists, scholar-activists, leaders, and their narratives of entering the STEM fields. Specifically, the portrayal of needs and promotion of NHPI representation and access were examined, including messages that inspire and encourage STEM interest among NHPI youth. This study explores motivation, opportunities, and …

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Understanding The Metabolic Regulation Of Trained Immunity By Palmitic Acid, Khaleda Aqaei, Brooke A. Napier Aug 2021

Understanding The Metabolic Regulation Of Trained Immunity By Palmitic Acid, Khaleda Aqaei, Brooke A. Napier

McNair Symposium

Sepsis is an inflammatory disease that occurs when the body’s response to an infection becomes dysregulated, and infection-fighting processes of the body damage tissues via inflammation, resulting in organ failure and death. Currently, the role for diet in regulating sepsis susceptibility and severity is not fully understood. The Western Diet (WD), the most prevalent diet worldwide, is high in saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and sucrose, and low in fiber. Previously, we have used a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis mouse model to show that mice fed a Western Diet (WD) or a diet enriched only in SFAs (Ketogenic Diet; KD), experience increased …

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A Cyber-Anthropological Interrogation Of East Asian Parenting Styles And Kinship Systems, Catherine Lefevre, Charles H. Klein Aug 2021

A Cyber-Anthropological Interrogation Of East Asian Parenting Styles And Kinship Systems, Catherine Lefevre, Charles H. Klein

McNair Symposium

Cyber-anthropology is a crucial, and perhaps underexplored, aspect of contemporary anthropological research. Cyber-anthropologists seek to analyze and comprehend the seemingly complex reciprocal relations that exist between humans and computer driven realities. Cyber-anthropology is certainly applicable to ethnographic research and analysis. Dr. Amy Chua dissects the East-Asian cultural phenomenon of the “Tiger Mom” and the relatively strict parenting style often associated with Tiger Mothers and East-Asian cultural communities. This research paper examines East-Asian parenting styles, specifically the concept of the “Tiger Mom” and the correlatives that exist regarding academic performance, mental health and the disparities that often present themselves when examined …

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Hybrid-Lipid Coated Silver Nanoparticles As An Antimicrobial, Alexandria Murphy, Marilyn R. Mackiewicz, Michael S. Bartlett Aug 2021

Hybrid-Lipid Coated Silver Nanoparticles As An Antimicrobial, Alexandria Murphy, Marilyn R. Mackiewicz, Michael S. Bartlett

McNair Symposium

Silver has been known to be an antimicrobial for hundreds of years, but wasn’t thought to be useful in the medical field until the 1960’s. In more recent years people have been designing different methods of synthesis for silver nanoparticles, yet none of these methods prevent the oxidized silver (Ag+), which is toxic. As the use of silver nano materials for antimicrobial activity has expanded there has been an increase in interest in the medical field, and how silver nanoparticles can be used as an antimicrobial without having toxic effects. While there is a large availability of silver nanoparticles (AgNp’s) …

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Exploring How Gentrification-Related Effects Impact The Health Of Older Black Adults, Ann Wachana, Holly Hinson Aug 2021

Exploring How Gentrification-Related Effects Impact The Health Of Older Black Adults, Ann Wachana, Holly Hinson

McNair Symposium

Black adults living in gentrifying neighborhoods experience cultural incongruence with new, often younger, high SES and White residents. In addition, older Black adults are losing deep ties to their neighborhood. This is a major loss to their social network and their sense of belonging within their own neighborhoods. Disruption of long-standing social ties can cause changes in mental health and raises concerns about gentrification’s potentially disruptive impact on cognitive health and the brain aging process. In order to learn more about the experience of older Black adults within a rapidly changing city, focus group discussions from the Sharing History through …

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The Role Of Neighborhood And Social Determinants Of Health: Investigating Health-Related Social Needs Among The Portland Metropolitan Area In Oregon, Roselie Agulto, Bruce Goldberg Aug 2021

The Role Of Neighborhood And Social Determinants Of Health: Investigating Health-Related Social Needs Among The Portland Metropolitan Area In Oregon, Roselie Agulto, Bruce Goldberg

McNair Symposium

Intersecting factors of social determinants of health have a significant impact on both individual and community well-being, however, a growing body of research highlights disproportionate disparities among neighborhood locations. Accessible resources, clinics, programs, and other community infrastructure are some characteristics that promote a healthy local economy. Locations lacking these aspects are where concentrated areas of poverty are inclined to exist, which often, correlate to higher rates of basic needs and adverse health outcomes. As part of the Accountable Health Communities (AHC) project—a 5-year research study to bridge the gap between clinical and social providers to lower hospitalization and total cost …

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Is Addicted Phenomenology Just Human Phenomenology?, Benji Mahaffey, Tom Seppalainen Aug 2021

Is Addicted Phenomenology Just Human Phenomenology?, Benji Mahaffey, Tom Seppalainen

McNair Symposium

The phenomenon of addiction precedes, by millennia, our scientific inquiries into its psychological manifestations and neural bases. We did not need psychiatrists to ‘discover’ it; we have long been aware of its dark shadow lurking in our psyches. The discernable, often troubling behaviors of addicts notwithstanding, addiction is not the kind of phenomenon one observes; addiction is experienced, from the first-person perspective. Its defining features are qualitative: a subjective loss of control, an obsession, a compulsion. The overwhelming phenomenological salience of these features—especially of “compulsion”—has led addicts, philosophers, and psychiatrists alike to imagine that addiction is a discrete (phenomenological, natural, …

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Cd40l And Tnf-Alpha Levels After Traumatic Injury, Queen Revollido, Martin Schreiber Aug 2021

Cd40l And Tnf-Alpha Levels After Traumatic Injury, Queen Revollido, Martin Schreiber

McNair Symposium

The biomarkers CD40 ligand and TNF-alpha are proteins that exhibit proinflammatory and prothrombotic effects. A small clinical study has shown that soluble CD40 ligand may have a role in early coagulopathy and inflammatory complications in severely injured patients. It is known that a CD40 ligand increases the production of cytokines such as TNF-alpha, thus, the current study aims to investigate the kinetics of these biomarkers and the extent of upregulation after traumatic injury. Frozen samples collected from baseline, 8, 24, and 48 hours after admission will be used. CD40 ligand and TNF-alpha levels will be quantified using Luminex that will …

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Using Blood Biomarkers To Predict Traumatic Brain Injury, Rosol Hatim Mikail, Martin Schreiber Aug 2021

Using Blood Biomarkers To Predict Traumatic Brain Injury, Rosol Hatim Mikail, Martin Schreiber

McNair Symposium

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious medical condition that needs a diagnosis to be treated. The neurological exam used for diagnosis is not able to detect all TBIs. Without a TBI diagnosis, a patient is not able to get the necessary medical care in time which could potentially lead to long-term brain damage and mortality. Some blood biomarkers have been investigated and found to have a correlation with TBI. Testing the blood is more accessible to diagnose TBI; this could connect the patient with further medical treatment when a TBI is suspected through the test. In this experiment, the …

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Perceptual Mismatch Between Meso And Macro Policy At Tokyo International University, Brianna Ross, Kimberly Brown Aug 2021

Perceptual Mismatch Between Meso And Macro Policy At Tokyo International University, Brianna Ross, Kimberly Brown

McNair Symposium

Previous studies have aimed at looking at meso and micro policy levels of Japanese educational institutions and their English language teaching programs. Through conducting surveys and interviews, researchers gained knowledge of how, or if, institutions portray their standards to students and staff and how those goals are displayed through curriculum. This research shows a disconnect between the stated goals and in class instruction. While the researchers looked at overall disconnects, none looked at specific universities and their programs. My study aims to fill that gap, focusing on a university known for its English teaching and production skills. The intention is …

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Comparing Heavy Metal Content Found In Spinach (Spinacia Oleracea) Grown On The Roof And Ground Sites At Portland State University, Tyler Robin, Gwynn R. Johnson, Olyssa Starry Aug 2021

Comparing Heavy Metal Content Found In Spinach (Spinacia Oleracea) Grown On The Roof And Ground Sites At Portland State University, Tyler Robin, Gwynn R. Johnson, Olyssa Starry

McNair Symposium

As a result of urbanization, fresh, healthy food can be expensive and easily contaminated but space for local farming is limited. Roofs can be underutilized in densely populated cities and can offer a space for local fresh farming. The purpose of this study is to find if growing leafy vegetables on the roof can limit heavy metal exposure from air pollutants. By growing Spinach on five roofs and five ground locations around the Portland State University campus, at varying heights, we can extract the heavy metals found in these greens and compare them to each other. The expected results show …

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The Effect Of Apremilast On Circadian Rhythm In The Ventral Tegmental Area, Courtney Ledford, Angela Ozburn Aug 2021

The Effect Of Apremilast On Circadian Rhythm In The Ventral Tegmental Area, Courtney Ledford, Angela Ozburn

McNair Symposium

Chronic binge drinking negatively impacts society and is a leading cause of preventable deaths. The purpose of the experiment is to determine if regulation of circadian rhythms in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) will contribute to less ethanol consumption. The VTA plays a major role in addiction. A simple genetic animal model examines iHDID-1 mice and their binge-like drinking intake. The mice undergo Drinking in the Dark (DID) for 6 weeks prior to administration of apremilast or saline treatment at weeks 7 and 8. The mice are exposed to DID and sacrificed at two separate time points (ZT 3 and …

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Liberalism, Settlement, Sacrifice: Towards A Genealogy Of Sacrificial Politics, Marshall Scheider, Adam Culver Aug 2021

Liberalism, Settlement, Sacrifice: Towards A Genealogy Of Sacrificial Politics, Marshall Scheider, Adam Culver

McNair Symposium

In recent years, political theorists have begun to explore the sacrificial dimensions of liberalism and neoliberalism in the global North. Little of this work, however, grapples with the ways settler colonialism informs contemporary political sacrifice or conceptions of the sacrificial. This paper traces a genealogy of contemporary political sacrifice through the archive of early British colonialism in North America. When theorists ignore this archive, they do more than render colonization mute: they also fail to apprehend what I term political sacrifice’s differential function—the mechanism by which sacrifice’s burdens fall on subordinated groups while its benefits accrue to the socially, politically, …

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Exploring The Impact Of Interpersonal Trust On Health Outcomes In Rapidly Gentrifying Neighborhoods In Portland, Oregon, Julie Ha, Yves Labissiere Aug 2021

Exploring The Impact Of Interpersonal Trust On Health Outcomes In Rapidly Gentrifying Neighborhoods In Portland, Oregon, Julie Ha, Yves Labissiere

McNair Symposium

Social determinants have been recognized to be significant factors contributing to the overall health outcomes of individuals. However, there is limited research on how these factors have directly impacted the mental and physical wellness of people in neighborhoods who are experiencing rapid gentrification. The objective of this study is to determine whether the level of interpersonal trust present between individuals in neighborhoods is associated with the mental and physical health outcomes among its residents. This quantitative study uses the Albina-Rockwood Neighborhood Promise Survey, which uses data from a random sample of families living in two rapidly gentrified neighborhoods in Portland, …

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Efficacy Of Curcumin In Asthma: A Systematic Review And Meta Analysis, Tabitha Grow, Adam Sadowski Aug 2021

Efficacy Of Curcumin In Asthma: A Systematic Review And Meta Analysis, Tabitha Grow, Adam Sadowski

McNair Symposium

Over 23 million people are affected by asthma in the United States and 262 million individuals globally. Asthma, if poorly controlled, is associated with significant morbidity as well as increased risk for mortality. Asthma involves several complex inflammatory pathways and processes including an increase in immune cell activation. Curcumin, the active constituent found in turmeric, has been studied in numerous in-vivo and in-vitro studies to generate anti-inflammatory effects in pulmonary diseases and, more recently, an increase in clinical data has become available. Since the most recent review assessing the role of curcumin in pulmonary disorders, additional clinical trials have been …

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Ronald E. Mcnair Scholars Program Profiles And Abstracts 2021, Mcnair Scholars Program Aug 2021

Ronald E. Mcnair Scholars Program Profiles And Abstracts 2021, Mcnair Scholars Program

McNair Symposium

This is the complete event program and provides presentation abstracts and biographies of McNair scholars and their mentors.

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Physical Activity As A Mediator Between Race/Ethnicity And Changes In Multimorbidity., Jason T. Newsom, Emily C. Denning, Miriam R. Elman, Anda Botoseneanu, Heather G. Allore, Corey L. Nagel, David A. Dorr, Ana R. Quiñones Aug 2021

Physical Activity As A Mediator Between Race/Ethnicity And Changes In Multimorbidity., Jason T. Newsom, Emily C. Denning, Miriam R. Elman, Anda Botoseneanu, Heather G. Allore, Corey L. Nagel, David A. Dorr, Ana R. Quiñones

Psychology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Studies report racial/ethnic disparities in multimorbidity (≥2 chronic conditions) and their rate of accumulation over time as well as differences in physical activity. Our study aimed to investigate whether racial/ethnic differences in the accumulation of multimorbidity were mediated by physical activity among middle-aged and older adults.

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Trem2 Is Thyroid Hormone Regulated Making The Trem2 Pathway Druggable With Ligands For Thyroid Hormone Receptor., Skylar J. Ferrara, Priya Chaudhary, Margaret J. Debell, Gail Marracci, Hannah Miller, Evan Calkins, Edvinas Pocius, Brooke A. Napier, Ben Emery, Dennis Bourdette, Thomas S. Scanlan Aug 2021

Trem2 Is Thyroid Hormone Regulated Making The Trem2 Pathway Druggable With Ligands For Thyroid Hormone Receptor., Skylar J. Ferrara, Priya Chaudhary, Margaret J. Debell, Gail Marracci, Hannah Miller, Evan Calkins, Edvinas Pocius, Brooke A. Napier, Ben Emery, Dennis Bourdette, Thomas S. Scanlan

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2) is a cell surface receptor on macrophages and microglia that senses and responds to disease-associated signals to regulate the phenotype of these innate immune cells. The TREM2 signaling pathway has been implicated in a variety of diseases ranging from neurodegeneration in the central nervous system to metabolic disease in the periphery. Here, we report that TREM2 is a thyroid hormone-regulated gene and its expression in macrophages and microglia is stimulated by thyroid hormone and synthetic thyroid hormone agonists (thyromimetics). Our findings report the endocrine regulation of TREM2 by thyroid hormone, and provide a …

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Discarded Identities/Inspiring Just Sustainability With Reuse Persona Dolls, Michelle A. Domingues Aug 2021

Discarded Identities/Inspiring Just Sustainability With Reuse Persona Dolls, Michelle A. Domingues

Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

The author identifies as a mixed-race Chicana teacher/educator, bridging ecology, culture, and learning situated within an early learning center on a university campus. This inquiry integrates Gloria Anzaldúa’s autohistoria teoría/autobiographical theory and documents (1) the social construction of a gender-fluid persona doll named “Logan” during a focus group with REMIDA Reggio-inspired educators, (2) a (dis)rupture that took place after engaging the persona doll to introduce the term “transgender” during a preschool circle time, and (3) lessons learned to move early childhood education for social sustainability forward. During this disrupture in our learning community, the question of whether or not to …

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