Digital Commons Network^™

Dependence Comparisons Of Order Statistics In The Proportional Hazards Model, Subhash C. Kochar

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Let X₁,…,X_n be mutually independent exponential random variables with distinct hazard rates λ₁,…,λ_n > 0 and let Y₁,…,Y_n be a random sample from the exponential distribution with hazard rate $\bar \lmd = \sum_{i=1}^n \lmd_i/n$. Also let X_1:n < ⋯ < X_n:n and Y_1:n < ⋯ < Y_n:n be their associated order statistics. It is shown that for 1 ≤ i < j ≤ n, the generalized spacing X_j:n - X _i:n is more dispersed than Y_j:n− Y_i:n according to dispersive ordering. This result is used to solve a long standing open problem …

Working Paper No. 56, Towards A Veblenian View Of Non-Fungible Tokens, Kamren Geist

Working Papers in Economics

This inquiry seeks to establish that ideas advanced by Thorstein Veblen in his book, The Theory of the Leisure Class [1899], offer insights into nonfungible tokens. Through the evolution of technology -- aided by broad access to the internet -- the emergence of non-fungible tokens can be understood to offer the leisure class a novel form of conspicuous consumption. Enabled by expansive networks, members of the leisure class can now engage in conspicuous displays of wealth and therewith establish their status relative to members of the laboring class as well as members of the leisure class. While there exist many …

Working Paper No. 61, The Regulation Of Hemp In The United States, Olivia Carrillo

Working Papers in Economics

This inquiry seeks to establish that in the United States the growing and processing of industrial hemp faced an array of barriers. Its involvement in the effort during World War Two was successful and experienced high praise from the federal government. While hemp provided measurable and grand benefits as a strategic war crop, its importance diminished sharply as the United States transitioned out of the war era. What was once a highly desirable crop became a demonized crop that gradually faded into the background of the American economy. Despite its initial positive portrayal, the utilization of industrial hemp was essentially …

Words Matter: A Linguistic Analysis Of Cluniac Views On The Use And Abuse Of Violent Force, Amanda K. Swinford

Dissertations and Theses

The goal of this project is to isolate Cluniac attitudes towards violence and the use of martial force in the tenth through twelfth centuries, first by determining in what situations Cluniac authors deemed the shedding of human blood was permissible, and second by tracking the evolution of these attitudes from the abbey's foundation to the height of its influence. Given Cluny's role in European society, there is a rich and longstanding body of scholarship which examines Cluny's support or rejection of force as a means of conflict resolution. This study demonstrates a consistency over time in Cluniac attitudes on the …

Le Gout Qui Reste: Cultural Identity And Belonging In Ook Chung's Kimchi, Taurean James Weber-Laurencio

Dissertations and Theses

The emphasis placed on the questioning of identity in Québécois society since the Quiet Revolution of the mid-twentieth century continues to this day. Whereas this search for a specifically Québécois identity was originally cast in terms of an Anglophone/Francophone divide, the influx of migrants from around the world to the province since the 1970s has rendered such a simplistic, binary discourse impossible. The population of Québéc in general and of Montréal in particular is now multicultural; visible minorities now constitute twenty-six percent of the Montréal populace. While most migrants in Québéc are able to find a niche in Montréal in …

Working Paper No. 58, Auro Ex Oleum: Departing The American Gold Standard*, Zakhary L. Roth

Working Papers in Economics

This inquiry seeks to establish that the character of the United States dollar fundamentally changed over the course of the 20th century as it moved away from its being rooted in the gold standard. As the global economy transitioned into the 20th century and the United States began establishing itself as a cornerstone of global trade, the dollar evolved into the standard currency of the world economy, changing significantly along the way as it moved from a gold-backed standard to the reserve currency of the international petroleum trade. These changes are reflected in U.S. foreign and monetary policy throughout this …

Webinar: Exploring Data Fusion Techniques To Derive Bicycle Volumes On A Network, Sirisha Kothuri, Joe Broach, Kate Hyun

TREC Webinar Series

Planners and decision makers have increasingly voiced a need for network-wide estimates of bicycling activity. Such volume estimates have for decades informed motorized planning and analysis but have only recently become feasible for non-motorized travel modes. Recently, new sources of bicycling activity data have emerged such as Strava, Streetlight, and GPS-enabled bike share systems. These emerging data sources have potential advantages as a complement to traditional count data, and have even been proposed as replacements for such data, since they are collected continuously and for larger portions of local bicycle networks. However, the representativeness of these new data sources has …

Robust Design Methodologies Under Performance Variations For More Than Moore Technologies: Cnfets & 3dics, Satya Keerthi Vendra

Dissertations and Theses

Various emerging technologies have shown great potential of supplementing silicon transistors as Moore's law slows down. One such disruptive technology, Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistors (CNFET), among others, promises increased speed and integration with reduced power consumption. However, due to a limited controllability over the Carbon Nano-tube(CNT) growth process, CNFETs show large variations in their performance and behavior. It is therefore difficult to predict and model their behavior while design suggestions are also challenging. CNT variations are important for a realistic delay modelling. Due to the presence of CNT-specific variations, conventional CMOS evaluation techniques cannot be used for CNFETs.

This …

Open Legislation In Oregon, Amy Hofer, Karen Bjork, Jaime R. Wood

Open Education Week 2022

Open Oregon Educational Resources’ Director, Amy Hofer, talks about Oregon's legislation around Open Education and how these laws affect teaching and learning at Portland State University (PSU). Karen Bjork, PSU librarian, and Jaime Wood-Riley, OAI staff, talk specifically about PSU's textbook affordability plan, how faculty can label their course materials as low- or no-cost, and what these designations mean for students.

Faculty Senate Monthly Packet March 2022, Portland State University Faculty Senate

Faculty Senate Monthly Packets

The March 7, 2022 Monthly packet includes the March agenda and appendices and the Faculty Senate minutes and attachments from the meeting held February 7, 2022.

Publishing In The Pacific Northwest, Kathi Inman Berens, Rachel Noorda, Nathalie Op De Beeck

English Faculty Publications and Presentations

Overview of how 11 Pacific Northwest booksellers survived Covid, and continue to thrive after pandemic lockdowns have lifted. After many consumers shifted to online book buying, what techniques are these book stores using to attract and keep customers?

Serving The Entire Community: How The Multnomah County Library Ensures A Welcoming, Safe Space For All, Kathi Inman Berens

English Faculty Publications and Presentations

In the spring of 2020, the Multnomah County Library (Oregon) faced a host of issues impacting libraries across the nation: How to serve the community during a historic pandemic that saw schools and libraries close for an extended period? And how to respond to a racial and social justice awakening that requires systemic change?

Like many libraries across the nation, MCL librarians have been quick to meet their community’s needs. Following the murder of George Floyd by a white police officer in Minneapolis, for example, the library licensed more e-books and digital audiobooks about white supremacy and racial justice and …

The Secret Garden: Results And Reflections From The Back 5 Project, Gwyn Case

Urban Ecosystem Research Consortium of Portland/Vancouver

The Leach Botanical Garden is a hidden botanical gem tucked away in SE Portland, but beyond the manicured paths lie five acres of leafy chaos. Once a pig farm, the eastern five acres of the Leach Botanical Garden (affectionately called the “back 5”) devolved into a tangle of Himalayan blackberry, English ivy, and other invasive plant species. Since 2019, the Back 5 Project has worked to transform this land from an ecological desert to an outdoor classroom and healthy forest. Formed as a partnership between the Leach Botanical Garden and many other organizations, including Wisdom of the Elders, the Blueprint …

History Of Tualatin Hills Nature Park, Part 1, Rod Coles, Margaret Armstrong, Eric P. Butler

Urban Ecosystem Research Consortium of Portland/Vancouver

Tualatin Hills Nature Park (THNP) is a 222-acre greenspace in the heart of Beaverton. With five miles of trails, a nature center, and a unique mosaic of habitats, THNP attracts over 200,000 visitors every year. The Friends of Tualatin Hills Nature Park recently began a project to document the history of THNP by interviewing many of the community members who advocated for its preservation. We present Part 1, a video telling the story from the effort to protect St. Mary's Woods in the early 1970s until the park's original 180 acres were acquired by the Tualatin Hills Park and Recreation …

Centering Farmers’ Perspectives In Assessing The Resilience Of Food Farming In Rapidly Urbanizing Regions, Jude Wait

Urban Ecosystem Research Consortium of Portland/Vancouver

Alarmed by farmland conversion, growing food insecurity, and increasingly threatened resources, multi-stakeholder groups endeavor to improve access to fresh food and protect farmland’s multiple community benefits. To inform the allocation of scarce resources needed to sustain local food production, this transdisciplinary action research investigated farm-level resilience within a fragmented county context. What will be needed to retain and enhance local food production capacity for the long term? Iterative analytical approaches utilized multiple data sources framed by agroecological resilience principles. Immersion in the local food movement, as a researcher, consumer, educator, and farmer advocate, offered ample participant observation opportunities across the …

Decoding The 1920s: Teaching Advanced Russian In A Literature Class, Nila Friedberg

World Languages and Literatures Faculty Publications and Presentations

Decoding the 1920s: A Reader for Advanced Learners of Russian was published by the Portland State University Open Access initiative in 2021. The 1920s is a major part of the Russian literary canon but is notoriously difficult for American students to read in the original, due both to its stylistic complexity and its hidden historical, political and cultural references. And yet, the period is crucial for understanding Russia – not only in the Soviet period, but also today. The 1920s and 1930s were the period when “The New Soviet Person” emerged, with its Soviet mentality. Recent attempts to glamorize the …

Age Diversity Climate Affecting Individual-Level Work-Related Outcomes, Lara Belotti, Sara Zaniboni, Luca Menghini, Cristian Balducci, Dave Cadiz, Stefano Toderi

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

The present study answers the call for more studies to investigate the age diversity climate’s effect on individual-level outcomes. Building on the social identity approach and social exchange theory, we surveyed 110 Italian employees aged between 18 and 61 years old (M = 46.10, SD = 10.02) and investigated the role of age diversity climate in predicting intentions to quit (H1), job-related wellbeing (H2), and work engagement (H3). Our findings confirmed the hypotheses (H1 and H2), showing the added effect of age diversity climate over and above age, job tenure, role clarity, job demands, job control, perceived support, and perceived …

Cetacean Strandings In The Us Pacific Northwest 2000–2019 Reveal Potential Linkages To Oceanographic Variability, Amanda J. Warlick, Jessica L. Huggins, Dyanna M. Lambourn, Deborah A. Duffield, Dalin Nichole D'Alessandro, James M. Rice, John Calambokidis, M. Bradley Hanson, Joseph K. Gaydos, Multiple Additional Authors

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Studying patterns in marine mammal stranding cases can provide insight into changes in population health, abundance, and distribution. Cetaceans along the United States West coast strand for a wide variety of reasons, including disease, injury, and poor nutritional status, all of which may be caused by both natural and anthropogenic factors. Examining the potential drivers of these stranding cases can reveal how populations respond to changes in their habitat, notably oceanographic variability and anthropogenic activities. In this study, we aim to synthesize recent patterns in 1,819 cetacean strandings across 26 species in the Pacific Northwest from 2000 to 2019 to …

Shifting Course: Drawing On Feminist Principles To Inform Community-Engaged Teaching In Uncertain Times, Amie Thurber, Sarah V. Suiter, Susan Halverson

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

This autoethnographic case study explores teaching community-engaged courses during the onset of COVID-19. As educators who teach applied program evaluation courses at two universities, we consider how principles of feminist community engagement—relationality, border crossing, reflexivity, and disruptive pedagogy (Iverson & James, 2014)—ground our courses. Drawing from instructor reflections, interviews with community partners, students’ written reflections, and course evaluations, we explore how these principles informed our pedagogical response to teaching through the tumultuous spring of 2020, and the degree to which these practices enabled the continued participation of students and community partners. We close with implications for community-engaged teaching in these—and …

Examining The Role Of Social Support And Neighborhood Deprivation In The Relationship Between Multiple Aces And Health Risk Behaviors, Marin L. Henderson-Posther

Dissertations and Theses

The accumulation of multiple adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) is associated with the disproportionate development of health risk behaviors (HRBs), such as smoking, substance use, physical inactivity, and risky HIV behaviors. The impact of neighborhood social inequities on the association between multiple ACEs and HRBs is not well known. This study aims to examine the impact of stressors associated with neighborhood deprivation on ACE-related HRBs, the potential protective factor of perceived social support (PSS), as well as better understand disproportionality experienced by racial/ethnic minorities. Through merging data from the 2010 Washington State Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey (n = …

Co-Seismic And Post-Seismic Deformation For The 1995 Colima–Jalisco And 2003 Tecoman Thrust Earthquakes, Mexico Subduction Zone, ́ From Modelling Of Gps Data, Beatriz Cosenza-Muralles, Charles Demets, O. Sanchez, Enrique Cabral-Cano, J. Stock, B. Márquez-Azúa, Robert Mccaffrey

Geology Faculty Publications and Presentations

We invert ∼25 yr of campaign and continuous Global Positioning System daily positions at 62 sites in southwestern Mexico to estimate co-seismic and post-seismic afterslip solutions for the 1995 M_w = 8.0 Colima–Jalisco and the 2003 M_w = 7.5 Tecomán earthquakes, and the long-term velocity of each GPS site. Estimates of the viscoelastic effects of both earthquakes from a 3-D model with an elastic crust and subducting slab, and linear Maxwell viscoelastic mantle are used to correct the GPS position time-series prior to our time-dependent inversions. The preferred model, which optimizes the fit to data from several years …

Information Literacy Instruction In Asynchronous Online Courses: Which Approaches Work Best?, Elizabeth F. Pickard, Sarah L. Sterling

Library Faculty and Staff Publications and Presentations

Which modes of information literacy instruction (ILI) work best in asynchronous online courses? Recent national trends and COVID-19 have made it critical to answer this question, but there is little research comparing different modes of ILI specifically in asynchronous contexts. This multi-year study employed 5 different modes of ILI in different sections of an asynchronous online anthropology course and compared the modes' effects on students' coursework. Ethnographic analysis of students' bibliographies revealed nuanced changes to students' approaches to searching and source-selection. These findings can inform librarians' development of ILI curricula and pedagogy for the unique circumstances asynchronous instruction presents.

Looking Back, Looking Forward: Resilience And Persistence In A Klamath Tribal Community, Thomas J. Connolly, Christopher L. Ruiz, Douglas Deur, Perry Chocktoot Jr., Jaime L. Kennedy, Dennis L. Jenkins, Julia A. Knowles

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

The process of human culture entails a perpetual negotiation between the familiar and the new. In the Americas, this process was much accelerated and amplified within Native communities by the historical processes of colonization. We use the record of the Beatty Curve archaeological site in south-central Oregon to examine how members of the Klamath Tribes and their ancestors selectively adopted, adapted, or repurposed introduced materials and practices most compatible with traditional lifeways and values while also maintaining many traditional practices, both overtly and covertly. Transformations from pre-contact to reservation life, and through Termination and Restoration in the 20th century, are …

Mental Health As A Predictor Of Bone Stress Fractures In Female Collegiate Athletes: A Literature Review, Phoebe Brown

University Honors Theses

Stress fractures are a common injury within collegiate athletics. Most athletes assigned female at birth will experience at least one stress fracture in their collegiate career. Eating disorders, amenorrhea, low energy availability, and low bone mass density all contribute to higher risks of stress fractures. However, one factor has been lacking within our stress fracture prevention practices in athletic departments: mental health.

Without screenings for anxiety, depression, or eating disorders, female athletes are left defenseless in a society where athletic bodies are judged and compared to each other. Underfueling in order for a body to look like another body leads …

Classifying Dead Code In Software Development, Arman Alavizadeh

University Honors Theses

Dead code pervades as an issue in the world of software development as a source of many famous software disasters such as the ARIANE 5 rocket failure and chemical bank withdrawal error. Defining dead code on narrow levels of granularity has not been fully explored, yet is crucial to better our understanding of dead code. Here we will be starting a discussion on how to approach classifying dead code via comparing dead code research specific to an industry segment. Research will be compared primarily by methodology and limitations. Dead code subtype classifications are gleaned from research comparisons and can serve …

Modern Russian Reflections On The Soviet-Afghan War, Octavio Camba

University Honors Theses

The work is focused on the translation and analysis of Russian news articles in recent years which reflect on the Soviet-Afghan War of 1979-1989. Various sources offer lessons of the war, and the reflections carry criticisms of the Soviet failures in warfare and governance that created the present situation in Afghanistan, directly and with related consequences. The Soviet Union was a large conventional army that attempted to create political transformation in Afghanistan by supporting the People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan in order to stop the perceived threat of radical political Islam, and its spread into the Soviet Central Asian republics …

The Spatial Relationship Between Patterns Of Disappeared Streams And Residential Development In Portland, Oregon, Usa, Gregory C. Post, Heejun Chang, David Banis

Geography Faculty Publications and Presentations

Disappeared streams are streams that have been buried, removed, or moved as part of the urbanization process. We identified disappeared streams in the Portland, Oregon metropolitan area using historical topographic maps for four time periods, and related them to the history of urban development. The historical maps were used to identify streams visible in older maps but not shown in a more recent version. From 1852 to 1895, 15% of streams disappeared, but the majority of streams disappeared between 1896 and 1953 (65%). This trend continued mainly in suburban areas after 1954 with 12% of streams being removed from 1954 …

Horchata: A Counterstory About A Mexican-Based Student Organization As A Counter-Space At A Predominantly White University, Martín Alberto Gonzalez

Chicano/Latino Studies Faculty Publications and Presentations

This article utilizes critical race theory counterstorytelling to tell a story about ¡Poder Xicanx!, a Mexican-based student organization at a private, predominantly white university in the Northeast of the United States. Drawing on in-depth interviews, participant observations, pláticas, and document analysis, I document the educational experiences of 20 Mexican/Mexican American/Xicanx (MMAX) undergraduate students who participated in ¡Poder Xicanx!. Specifically, I argue that ¡Poder Xicanx! functions as a counter-space, which is a site or space where MMAX students can challenge stereotypes, deal with racism, and empower one another. Moreover, I also highlight the fact that ¡Poder Xicanx! allows for members …

Care Ethics, Bruno Latour, And The Anthropocene, Michael Flower, Maurice Hamington

Philosophy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Bruno Latour is one of the founding figures in social network theory and a broadly influential systems thinker. Although his work has always been relational, little scholarship has engaged the relational morality, ontology, and epistemology of feminist care ethics with Latour’s actor–network theory. This article is intended as a translation and a prompt to spur further interactions. Latour’s recent publications, in particular, have focused on the new climate regime of the Anthropocene. Care theorists are just beginning to address posthuman approaches to care. The argument here is that Latourian analysis is helpful for such explorations, given that caring for the …

Global Climate Governance: Rising Trend Of Translateral Cooperation, Nataliya Stranadko

Public Affairs and Policy Faculty Publications and Presentations

The transformation from the Kyoto Protocol to the Paris Agreement has been analyzed by international relations scholars, international law, and transnational governance theory. The international relations literature looks at the climate regime from a perspective of power distribution, state interests, institutions, and multilateral negotiations. International law theory focuses on legal analysis and design of international climate agreements. The transnational governance literature examines the participation of transnational actors at different levels of governance. However, each of these theories overlooks a bilateral trend of cooperation in a multilateral setting that arises as part of the construction or reconstruction of the international regime. …