Digital Commons Network^™

Community-Based Participatory Research (Cbpr): Towards Equitable Involvement Of Community In Psychology Research, Susan E. Collins, Seema L. Clifasefi, Joey Stanton, Leap Advisory Board, Eleanor Gil-Kashiwabara, Kee J.E. Straits, Patricia Rodriguez Espinosa, Andel V. Nicasio, Michele P. Andrasik, Starlyn M. Hawes, Kimberly A. Miller, Lonnie A. Nelson, Victoria E. Orfaly, Bonnie M. Duran, Nina Wallerstein

Regional Research Institute for Human Services

Community-based participatory research (CBPR) answers the call for more patient-centered, community-driven research approaches to address growing health disparities. CBPR is a collaborative research approach that equitably involves community members, researchers, and other stakeholders in the research process and recognizes the unique strengths that each bring. The aim of CBPR is to combine knowledge and action to create positive and lasting social change. With its origins in psychology, sociology, and critical pedagogy, CBPR has become a common research approach in the fields of public health, medicine, and nursing. Although it is well aligned with psychology’s ethical principles and research aims, it …

Pasadena On Her Mind: Exploring Roots Of Octavia E. Butler's Fiction, Carl Abbott

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications and Presentations

The article explores the science fiction writing of African American author Octavia E. Butler. The author analyzes several of Butler's books, including "Parable of the Sower," "Kindred," and "Mind of My Mind," and examines how these stories repeatedly feature Butler's hometown of Pasadena, California.

Investigating Predictors Of True And False Guilty Pleas, Kelsey S. Henderson, Lora M. Levett

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations

An estimated 90% to 95% of convictions are obtained via guilty pleas, and roughly 11% of individuals exonerated with the help of the Innocence Project falsely pleaded guilty (innocenceproject.org). Despite the prevalence of guilty pleas (and the existence of false guilty pleas), relatively little scholarship has examined what influences a defendant to plead guilty (Redlich, 2010). In this study, we investigated factors that affected whether guilty and innocent students who were accused of cheating pleaded guilty or took their case before the Student Conduct Committee in a hearing (analogous to a trial). Using social psychological literature on social influence (Cialdini …

Internalized Hiv Stigma, Art Initiation And Hiv-1 Rna Suppression In South Africa: Exploring Avoidant Coping As A Longitudinal Mediator, Valerie A. Earnshaw, Laura M. Bogart, Jean-Philippe Laurenceau, Brian T. Chan, Brendan G. Maughan-Brown, Janan Dietrich, Ingrid Courtney, Gugu Tshabalala, Catherine Orrell, Glenda E. Gray, David Bangsberg, Ingrid T. Katz

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Introduction: Cross‐sectional evidence suggests that internalized HIV stigma is associated with lower likelihoods of antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation and HIV‐1 RNA suppression among people living with HIV (PLWH). This study examined these associations with longitudinal data spanning the first nine months following HIV diagnosis and explored whether avoidant coping mediates these associations.

Methods: Longitudinal data were collected from 398 South African PLWH recruited from testing centres in 2014 to 2015. Self‐report data, including internalized stigma and avoidant coping (denying and distracting oneself from stressors), were collected one week and three months following HIV diagnosis. ART initiation at six months and …

Indigenous Nations Studies Newsletter, Fall 2018, Portland State University. Indigenous Nations Studies

Indigenous Nations Studies Newsletter

Table of Contents:
-- Welcoming New INST Director by Dr. Winston Grady-Willis
--Fall 2018 Welcoming by Dr. Ted Van Alst
-- Events
-- Winter 2019 courses
-- Student Reflection: Abroad in South Africa
-- Student Reflection: Walking Time
-- New Works: Ho'esta Mo'e'hahne
-- Recent Publication: Sacred Smokes
-- Dear Native College Student: You are loved
-- Course Planning Guide: INNAS Major & INST Minor

Segment: Applicability Of An Existing Segmentation Technique To Tdm Social Marketing Campaigns In The United States, Philip L. Winters, Amy Lester, Minh Pham

TREC Final Reports

Social marketing seeks to develop and integrate marketing concepts with other approaches to influence behaviors that benefit individuals and communities for the greater social good. Social marketing is a useful transportation demand management (TDM) planning approach to promote travel-behavior change. The purpose of this study was to explore a consumer market segmentation technique (SEGMENT) successfully used in Europe for its applicability to social marketing campaigns in the United States. Major contributions of this project are the validation of a successful existing segmentation technique for applicability in the United States, which will maximize the impact of TDM social marketing campaigns on …

Behind The Wall: An Exploration Of Public Access To Research Articles In Social Work Journals, Kimberly D. Pendell

Library Faculty and Staff Publications and Presentations

Despite implicit and explicit expectations that research inform their practice, social workers are unlikely to have access to published research articles. The traditional publishing model does not support public access (i.e., no publisher paywall barrier) to scholarly journals. Newer models of publishing allow free access to research including open access publishing and deposit of scholarship in institutional or disciplinary repositories. This study examined public access to articles in the top 25 social work journals. A random sample of article citations from a total of 1,587 was assessed, with the result that 52% of citations had no full-text access. Of the …

Procedural-Memory, Working-Memory, And Declarative-Memory Skills Are Each Associated With Dimensional Integration In Sound-Category Learning, Carolyn Quam, Alisa Wang, W. Todd Maddox, Kimberly Golisch

Speech and Hearing Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper investigates relationships between procedural-memory, declarative-memory, and working-memory skills and adult native English speakers’ novel sound-category learning. Participants completed a sound-categorization task that required integrating two dimensions: one native (vowel quality), one non-native (pitch). Similar information-integration category structures in the visual and auditory domains have been shown to be best learned implicitly (e.g., Maddox et al., 2006). Thus, we predicted that individuals with greater procedural-memory capacity would better learn sound categories, because procedural memory appears to support implicit learning of new information and integration of dimensions. Seventy undergraduates were tested across two experiments. Procedural memory was assessed using …

Pedestrian Pedagogy Of Place: Nurturing An Ecological Consciousness Through Slow Explorations Of The Public Realm, Kevin M. Pozzi

Leadership for Sustainability Education Comprehensive Papers

As increasing institutional paralysis and polarization demonstrate, citizens are not engaged or motivated by ecological challenges because they struggle to identify with our catastrophic relationship to nature in this urban, anthropocentric, and climactically-fraught modern era. Rather than focus solely on natural areas as a pathway to ecological consciousness and action, educators can inspire citizens through a “Pedestrian Pedagogy of Place” that brings wonder and enchantment into our urban public realm. Using the principles of sustainability education and place-based education as a framework, this pedagogy recognizes the sidewalk and pedestrian experience as a shared classroom through sensory, awareness-based learning modalities.

The Self-Perception Of Flexible Coping With Stress: A New Measure And Relations With Emotional Adjustment, Melanie J. Zimmer-Gembeck, Ellen A. Skinner, Katheryn L. Modecki, Haley J. Webb, Alex A. Gardner, Tanya Hawes, Ronald M. Rapee

Psychology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Objective: To develop a theoretically grounded measure of self-perceived ability to cope with stress in a flexible (i.e. non-rigid) manner and test associations with well-being. Method: Participants in Study 1 (N = 395, 17–56 years) completed surveys to report flexible coping with stress and well-being. In Studies 2 (N = 645, 17–27 years) and 3 (N = 558, 12–19 years), youth completed surveys with the 18-item Self-Perception of Flexible Coping with Stress (SFCS), and coping and well-being measures. Results: Three SFCS factors were supported, which aligned to the conceptualization including multiple coping strategy use (multiple CSU), coping …

Modeling The Impact Of Traffic Conditions And Bicycle Facilities On Cyclists' On-Road Stress Levels, Àlvaro Caviedes, Miguel A. Figliozzi

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Past research efforts have shown that cyclists’ safety, stress, and comfort levels greatly affect the routes chosen by cyclists and cycling frequency. Some researchers have tried to categorize cyclists’ levels of traffic stress utilizing data that can be directly measured in the field, such as the number of motorized travel lanes, motorized vehicle travel speeds, and type of bicycle infrastructure. This research effort presents a novel approach: real-world, on-road measurements of physiological stress as cyclists travel across different types of bicycle facilities at peak and off-peak traffic times. By matching videos with stressful events, it was possible to observe the …

Lifetime Economic Burden Of Intimate Partner Violence Among U.S. Adults, Cora Peterson, Megan C. Kearns, Wendy Likamwa Mcintosh, Lianne Fuino Estefen, Christina Nicolaidis, Kathryn E. Mccollister, Amy Gordon, Curtis Florence

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

Introduction: This study estimated the U.S. lifetime per-victim cost and economic burden of intimate partner violence.

Methods: Data from previous studies were combined with 2012 U.S. National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey data in a mathematical model. Intimate partner violence was defined as contact sexual violence, physical violence, or stalking victimization with related impact (e.g., missed work days). Costs included attributable impaired health, lost productivity, and criminal justice costs from the societal perspective. Mean age at first victimization was assessed as 25 years. Future costs were discounted by 3%. The main outcome measures were the mean per-victim (female and …

In Service Together: University Students And Incarcerated Youth Collaborate For Change, Deborah Smith Arthur, Jamie Valentine

University Studies Faculty Publications and Presentations

Through the lens of two courses at Portland State University (PSU), this article addresses critical service learning pedagogy as transformational for both incarcerated youth and university students. In one course, PSU students share a writing/art workshop with youth in juvenile detention though The Beat Within (https://www.thebeatwithin.org). Another course brings together PSU students and young men incarcerated at MacLaren Youth Correctional Facility in an inside/out course format (https://www.insideoutcenter.org). Working collaboratively, students have developed a variety of service-learning projects. This article explores the impact of critical service learning courses on both incarcerated young people and university students.

Driver Distraction In Microsimulation Of A Mid-Block Pedestrian Crossing, Darryl Joseph Michaud

Dissertations and Theses

Traffic simulation has become an invaluable part of the traffic engineering toolbox. However, the majority of driver models are designed to recreate traffic performance based on interactions among vehicles. In keeping with this pursuit, most are fundamentally built to avoid collisions. This limits the applicability of using these models for addressing safety concerns, especially those regarding pedestrian safety performance. However, by explicitly including some of the sources of human error, these limitations can, in theory, be overcome. While much work has been done toward including these human factors in simulation platforms, one key aspect of human behavior has been largely …

A Meta-Analysis On Motivational Strategies And Well-Being: Does A Worker’S Socioeconomic Status Make A Difference?, Jessie Fengmin Zhen

PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal

This meta-analysis provides a quantitative review on the relationships between motivational strategies and work-related well-being, and addresses the modulating effects of socioeconomic status (SES). Based upon a total number of 68 studies, involving 49,338 employees, the findings suggest that motivational strategies are associated with one’s well-being at work. Specifically, results indicate that more positive emotion regulation strategies are related to workers’ higher levels of job satisfaction and job performance. Conversely, more self-doubt is related to lower levels of job satisfaction and job performance. More interestingly, SES moderates some effect sizes, which include those related to emotional labor strategies (i.e., deep …

Everything Online Is A Website: Information Format Confusion In Student Citation Behaviors, Katie Greer, Shawn Mccann

Communications in Information Literacy

The ability to effectively cite information sources is key to both student avoidance of plagiarism and the ongoing scholarly conversation. Previous research and experience indicated that students had significant trouble distinguishing and citing various information formats when viewed online; items are often cited as websites, and citations are incomplete or contain erroneous and extraneous information. The authors investigated the prevalence of these problems at their university, seeking out common patterns in the data to determine what, if any, information literacy objectives may be useful for future studies and instructional practice.

Public Perceptions Of Mountain Lake Fisheries Management In National Parks, Ariana M. Chiapella, Max Nielsen-Pincus, Angela L. Strecker

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

The legacy of fish stocking in mountain lake ecosystems has left behind a challenge for land managers around the globe. In the US and Canada, historically fishless mountain lakes have been stocked with trout for over a century. These non-native trout have cascading ecosystem effects, and can accumulate atmospherically deposited contaminants. While the negative impacts of stocking in these ecosystems have become increasingly apparent, wilderness fishing has garnered cultural value in the angling community. As a result, public lands managers are left with conflicting priorities. National park managers across the western US are actively trying to reconcile the cultural and …

Ideals, Big Varieties, And Dynamic Networks, Ian H. Dinwoodie

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The advantage of using algebraic geometry over enumeration for describing sets related to attractors in large dynamic networks from biology is advocated. Examples illustrate the gains.

Portland State Magazine, Portland State University. Office Of University Communications

Portland State Magazine

PSU’s alumni magazine, published 2-3 times a year. In this issue: The son of undocumented immigrants is the new student body president; Capstone class finds humanity among incarcerated youth; photographer documents the evolving lives of women in Saudi Arabia; cooperative education pairs students with businesses; Franz Rad’s forensic class trains engineering sleuths; Ed Washington reflects on his life of service; and more.

Improving The Candidate Experience: Tips For Developing 'Wise' Organizational Hiring Interventions, Julie M. Mccarthy, Talya N. Bauer, Donald M. Truxillo, Michael C. Campion, Chad H. Van Iddekinge, Michael A. Campion

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Organizations that focus on ensuring a high-quality candidate experience are more likely to attract, engage, and connect with top talent. They are also able to bring more visibility to their brand. This is because when individuals feel connected to an organization, their attitudes and behaviors are more positive. As such, it is critical to ensure that the selection process candidates experience is a positive one. Indeed, a 2017 review of the applicant reactions literature was conducted by McCarthy and colleagues, and findings indicated that when candidates have a negative reaction to the selection process they are likely to report lower …

Giving The Noose The Slip: An Analysis Of Female Murderers In Oregon, 1854-1950, Jenna Leigh Barganski

Dissertations and Theses

Analyzing the crimes of women murderers and how they fared in the criminal justice system demonstrates that though perceptions of gender evolved, resistance to sentencing women to death often persisted. The nature of homicides committed by women in Oregon set them apart from their male counterparts. Women were, and are, more likely to commit domestic homicides -- murders that involve a family member or partner. These crimes are typically not equated with crimes that warrant capital punishment. As a result, no woman has been subjected to the death penalty in the state.

This thesis analyzes the twenty-five women who were …

How Can Community Engagement In The Local Past And Archaeological Research Be Mutually Beneficial? A Case Study In Community Archaeology From Sauvie Island, Oregon, Martin John Plumer

Dissertations and Theses

Community archaeology's broader objectives include increasing public understanding of archaeology and making archaeology more relevant to people's day to day lives. Fulfilling these goals could be beneficial to the public in terms of their gaining more agency in, and more access to, archaeology; and it could be beneficial to archaeologists in terms of increasing public support for archaeological work. While many community archaeologists report success, few authors critically evaluate the experience and outcomes of community archaeology. As a result, little data-based understanding exists about what is gained through community archaeology. This project explores that question through three primary means: 1) …

"My Teacher Says I'M An Overachiever, But I Think He's An Overexpecter" : Teacher Expectations, Self-Concept, And Academic Success, Jennifer Lea Campbell

Dissertations and Theses

This study explores the relationship between student judgments of teacher expectations and academic success, student self-concept and academic success, and student judgments of discrimination experiences and academic success. In the winter of 2018, a sample of 176 communication students at a northwestern university completed revised versions of the Teacher Treatment Inventory (TTI) and the Self-Description Questionnaire III (SDQ III), as well as the original Everyday Discrimination Scale (EDS). College-age students found the TTI confusing, and many participants said they did not have a relationship with their college professors. The hypothesis that suggested student judgments of teacher expectations would positively correlate …

The Impact Of Leader Race And Gender On Perceptions Of Organizations In Response To Corporate Error, Nicolas Derek Brown

Dissertations and Theses

Prior research has demonstrated that CEO behavior influences how people perceive corporations and that CEOs associated with controversy can damage corporate reputations. Research also illustrates that attitudes based on prescribed racial and gender characteristics render Black and female CEOs as incongruent with leadership positions. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of two different corporate errors as justification factors leading to prejudicial evaluations of leaders with stigmatized identities (e.g., race and gender), with a particular emphasis on the intersection of race and gender on leader- and organization-based evaluations. Participants were randomly assigned to one of 12 corporate …

Thietmar Of Merseburg's Views On Clerical Warfare, Benjamin Joseph Wand

Dissertations and Theses

The tenth-century German bishop was more than just a spiritual leader, he was also a territorial lord with secular power. These bishops also lived in an environment where violence was sometimes a way of life. His culture contained a social dynamic that saw violence as a tool for defending and maintaining honor and as a mechanism for dispute resolution. Therefore, some bishops behaved violently, either to defend their diocese from threats or to serve their own political intrigues. In some instances bishops were said to be more skilled in warfare than secular lords. However, while some clergy participated in warfare …

Developing A Mixed-Methods Method To Model Elderly Health Technology Adoption With Fuzzy Cognitive Map, And Its Application In Adoption Of Remote Health Monitoring Technologies By Elderly Women, Noshad Rahimi

Dissertations and Theses

Providing healthcare to the ever-rising elderly population has become a severe challenge and a top priority. Emerging innovations in healthcare, such as remote health monitoring technologies, promise to provide a better quality of care and reduce the cost of healthcare. However, many elderly people reject healthcare innovations. This lack of adoption constitutes a big practical problem because it keeps the elderly from benefiting from technology advances. The phenomenon is even more pronounced among elderly women, who represent the majority of the elderly population.

A plethora of studies in the field of technology adoption resulted in sound, but highly generalized theories …

Inclusion And Assimilation: Including Change In The Workplace, Marisa Jean Miller

Dissertations and Theses

Organizational assimilation is an ongoing and dynamic relationship between organization and individual member, where employees learn the expected norms of the organization and feel that they are able to attempt to make a change to the organization. Organizational members rely on social interactions within the organization to acquire the necessary knowledge they need to perform their roles, as well as support to attempt changes within the organization. This study proposes that feelings of inclusion, or the perception that an employee both belongs to and is unique within an organization, may be an influential construct associated with organizational assimilation and beneficial …

Building Successful P-3 Initiatives: Foundations And Catalysts For Systems Change, Lindsey Brianna Patterson, Beth L. Green, Callie H. Lambarth, Mackenzie Burton, Diane Reid

Early Childhood

Across the United States, there is a growing recognition that early education and K-12 systems require transformative changes to address racial, ethnic, linguistic and economic disparities in school readiness and success.

Prenatal-through-Grade-3 (P-3) initiatives address these disparities by coordinating, strengthening and aligning fragmented support systems for families and children from birth through third grade.

These increasingly popular initiatives:

• Are based on accumulating evidence that standalone early childhood and school-based programs are not sufficient to sustain long-term success for children facing early childhood inequities
• Take a collective impact approach that brings families, early childhood providers, K-12 staff and other partners together …

Learner Power! The Benefits Of Metacognition And Transparency On Education Justice, Insights From Neuroscience Of Learning, Camille O. Nava

University Honors Theses

Emerging understandings from neuroscience and cognitive research on human learning indicate that nearly all people can learn, and that we can do so throughout our lifetimes. Simultaneously, public health research from the late 1990s identified Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs). This research connected ACEs to incidence of factors impacting children’s development (including cognitive and educational) and possible long-term impairments to life outcomes. Incidence of impact factors is correlated with effects of poverty and socioeconomic status, especially as the experiences of poverty can create neural stress impacts similar as those resulting from ACEs. Specific insights from ACEs-related research identifies developmental impacts to …

The Transnational Episode Of America’S “J-Horror” Craze, The Circumstances Of Its Production And Its Cultural And Formal Representations Of Shared National Fear, Carter J. Bryan

University Honors Theses

The purpose of this essay is to examine the cultural and commercial context of the creation of a series of American remakes of Japanese horror films released between 1998 and 2009. These films comprise an American pop cultural phenomenon recognized colloquially as the “J-horror” boom. This essay will also investigate the formal and generic differences of the construction, of these films, and how they relate to their depictions of culturally informed fear, and their status as a culturally reinterpreted product. I will accomplish this by placing these films in the historical context of the Japanese Kaidan film, and explaining the …