Digital Commons Network^™

Implementing Hotspot Policing: A Review Of The Literature, Portland State University. Criminology And Criminal Justice Senior Capstone

Criminology and Criminal Justice Senior Capstone Project

Crime has the power to disrupt our communities in many ways. It unearths feelings of anger and fear, promotes vulnerability, and often results in effects that remain long after the crime has been committed. Those enlisted to protect society attempt to target criminal acts before they occur, and often employ tactics that predict future criminal behavior. It often seems that officers have solved a particular issue and extinguished crime in a problem area, but discover it was only pushed into another community. This compilation of research analyzes the nature of crime and attempts to provide solutions for the ongoing study …

Pathos, Fall 2013, Portland State University. Student Publications Board

Pathos

Editor: Kate Marshall

Volume 8 No.1

Post-Occupancy Daylight Analysis: Vernonia K-12 School, Portland State University. School Of Architecture

Research-Based Design Initiative

Early design approaches are becoming increasingly important in the architectural design process. Studying the buildings performance after occupancy has allowed our field to study the accuracy of design modeling. This has been especially true with daylight analysis. Specifically in school settings, daylight is not only desirable but crucial to the health and performance of children. Analysis of daylight in the architectural field has increased as the opportunity to perform more accurate simulations during the design process. Alongside this development, there is a move to explore the efficiency of software analysis to real world projects. This research examines the effectiveness of …

Is The Materialist Neo-Darwinian Conception Of Nature False?, Martin Zwick

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper assesses the main argument of Thomas Nagel's recent book, Mind and Cosmos: Why the Materialist Neo-Darwinian Conception of Nature Is Almost Certainly False. The paper agrees with Nagel that, as an approach to the relation between mind and matter and the mystery of subjective experience, neutral monism is more likely to be true than either materialism or idealism. It disagrees with Nagel by favoring a version of neutral monism based on emergence rather than on a reductive pan-psychism. However, the paper invokes a reductive view when applied to information (as opposed to psyche), and posits a hierarchy of …

Heard On The Net: It’S A Small World After All: Traveling Beyond The Viewpoint Of American Exceptionalism To The Rise Of The Author, Jill Emery

Library Faculty and Staff Publications and Presentations

This column explores how scholarly publishing is changing and becoming a more international marketplace filled with new opportunities and new pitfalls.

Portland State Library Update: News For Supporters And Friends; Fall 2013, Portland State University Library

Library Newsletters

In this issue: Focus on Research; Alumni Borrowing; Focus on Giving

Tenure For Teaching Intensive Appointments At Portland State University: A Green Paper For The College Of Liberal Arts & Sciences, Patricia A. Schechter

History Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper explores alignment between 2012-13 CLAS visioning and planning reports and state and national trends around faculty mix in higher education. It argues for pursuing the instructional excellence highlighted in many of the CLAS reports by investing in tenure. Tenure anchors authentic academic freedom through robust peer review and shared governance, the pillars of academic life. Tenure also provides the tested and proven means for providing a faculty stability, professional development, and an appropriate reward structure. This paper recommends expanded pathways to tenure, particularly for teaching intensive appointments traditionally described as "full-time fixed-term" at Portland State University. This adjustment …

An Anthropology Of Urbanism: How People Make Places (And What Designers And Planners Might Learn From It), Brooke D. Wortham-Galvin

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

In their word play on what design praxis might succeed the New Urbanism movement in the United States, the July 2013 article “Newest Urbanism” in the Architect introduced to the uninitiated the concept of tactical urbanism. Defining tactical urbanism as "temporary, cheap, and usually grassroots interventions—including so-called guerrilla gardens, pop-up parks, food carts, and 'open streets' projects—that are designed to improve city life on a block-by-block, street-by-street basis," the article claims that it took this approach to shaping the city less than a decade to mainstream into the practices of US cities and firms alike. While Architect used the term …

Oregon Dreissenid Mussel: Rapid Response Plan, Robyn Draheim, Rick Boatner, Glenn Dolphin, Lisa Debruyckere

Center for Lakes and Reservoirs Publications and Presentations

In 2007, both zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) and quagga mussels (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) were found to have established populations west of the Rocky Mountains. The risk posed to the Pacific Northwest by the proximity of these new infestations is significant. This plan was developed in response to the increasing likelihood of the successful transport and introduction of these species into the State of Oregon and Pacific Northwest. Although prevention remains the most cost-effective means of addressing potential infestations of aquatic invasive species, if prevention efforts fail, the State of Oregon must be prepared to respond rapidly …

Late Holocene Tsunami Deposits At Salt Creek, Washington, Usa, Ian Hutchinson, Curt D. Peterson, Sarah L. Sterling

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

We interpret two thin sand layers in the estuarine marsh at Salt Creek, on the southern shore of the Strait of Juan de Fuca, as the products of tsunamis propagated by earthquakes at the Cascadia subduction zone. The sand layers extend for about 60 m along the left bank of the creek about 800 m from the mouth, and can be traced to the base of a nearby upland area. One layer is exposed in the creek bank about 400 m further upstream, but they are only patchily distributed in the rest of the central area of the marsh. Both …

"Game Over" For The Climate: The Keystone Xl Pipeline On Tv News, Elisabeth Wilder

Dissertations and Theses

The overwhelming consensus of the world's climate scientists is that we must rapidly reduce our greenhouse emissions if we are to avoid catastrophic and irreversible climate change. Yet the proposed Keystone XL pipeline, which would carry tar sands oil that emits three to four times the carbon emissions of conventional gasoline across the U.S., is supported by a solid majority of Americans. This level of support for a project a proposal that would dramatically increase greenhouse gas emissions, pollute sensitive lands and water sources, and threaten the health and safety of communities along the way begs the question: what kind …

Conflict Resolution In Islam: Document Review Of The Early Sources, Flamur Vehapi

Dissertations and Theses

Islam is the world's fastest growing religion. It is known to have an abundant and very rich amount of knowledge found in the Qur'an and the teachings of Prophet Muhammad, and as such, this religion has tremendously contributed not only to Muslim societies but also to the West. One aspect of this contribution explicated in this thesis is its contribution to the field of Conflict Resolution.

The primary purpose of this study is to unearth the tradition of peace and conflict resolution that comes out of the religion of Islam, which is unknown to many Muslims today. In this study, …

Trust-But-Verify: Guaranteeing The Integrity Of User-Generated Content In Online Applications, Akshay Dua

Dissertations and Theses

Online applications that are open to participation lack reliable methods to establish the integrity of user-generated information. Users may unknowingly own compromised devices, or intentionally publish forged information. In these scenarios, applications need some way to determine the "correctness" of autonomously generated information. Towards that end, this thesis presents a "trust-but-verify" approach that enables open online applications to independently verify the information generated by each participant. In addition to enabling independent verification, our framework allows an application to verify less information from more trustworthy users and verify more information from less trustworthy ones. Thus, an application can trade-off performance for …

Mexico, Drug Trafficking Organizations, Realism, And Human Security, Nicole Mcgee

PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal

Before traveling to Mexico, citizens of the United States are advised to check travel warnings for the country. Violence due to the war on drugs is causing people to be weary of visiting ruins from complex pre-Colombian cultures and enjoying the rich tourist industry Mexico provides. In place of cultural and economic highlights, it is now heavily associated with drug trafficking organizations and the violence associated with them. Much of this is due to the war on drugs, declared by President Felipe Calderon in 2006, which escalated the conflict between the state and the drug traffickers and drew increasing worldwide …

He’S Just A Man: Power Imbalance Between Female And Male Characters In American Sitcoms, Wenona Kimbro

PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal

This paper describes the occurrence and context of dismissive, condescending, and infantilizing linguistic behavior as used by female characters toward male characters in stable heterosexual partnerships portrayed in American entertainment television. This study is based on grounded theory, in that the initial interpretive framework for the analysis stemmed from preliminary data gathered in the study; this working framework directed the analytical approach during subsequent data processing, and was then further developed in response to the overall findings. The methodology used in this study is discourse analysis, an applied linguistic method of studying small units of spoken and written language, such …

Collaborative Ethnographic Film: A Workshop Case Study, Richard A. Stern

PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal

The development of ethnographic film is inexplicably interrelated with the history of cinematography itself, and holds a special relation to documentary film. Anthropologist and filmmaker-centric models have long dominated ethnography and have remained a focal point for most major theories within visual anthropology, while collaboration has often been relegated to the fringes of ethnographic work. Furthermore, within the limited collaborative approaches that have surfaced there has been scant discussion or critical analysis of the workshops and training sessions that are designed to prepare cultural constituents working with anthropologists in the practices of visual ethnography and film. In this article I …

Matching Organization Personality Perceptions And The Job Applicant's Personality: A Correlational Study, James Dakota Green

PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal

Recruitment is the process by which organizations acquire the talent they need to be effective. As recruitment becomes more competitive, organizations need to attract the types of job applicants that best fit their needs. Recently, researchers have suggested that human resources departments adopt strategies that are similar to marketing strategies; specifically, it has been suggested that organizations can be characterized as having an organizational “personality,” and that the personality of an organization can be leveraged to attract the best applicants. Organizational personality is described similarly to brand personality and is defined as the human characteristics attributed to an organization. This …

Front Matter Volume 5, 2011, Mcnair Scholars Program

PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal

Front matter includes program background, Table of Contents, and a complete listing of 2010 Portland State McNair Scholars.

Influential Factors Of Parental Substance And Alcohol Abuse On Children’S Academic Achievement, Andrea Winters

PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal

There is much research to support the idea that parental involvement benefits a child's educational performance. There is also strong evidence demonstrating that parental substance or alcohol abuse increases a child's risk for behavioral problems that include drug and alcohol abuse, social-skill deficits, and low educational attainment. Very little current research has focused specifically on children of substance abusers who, against the odds, achieve academically. This study investigates the relationship between parental substance or alcohol abuse and children’s academic achievement. Data will be collected using a self-report survey from adult-children who self-identify as being a child of a past or …

Molding The History Of A Maritime Empire: The Role Of The Thirteenth‐Century Mosaics Of San Marco In Reforming The Venetian Past, Heather Mccambly

PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal

The mosaics of the Venetian Church of San Marco embody how this empire used imagery for political and ecclesiastical purposes. The church of San Marco is recognized as a force which drew the island fragments of primitive Venice into a unified city and empire. This paper will examine the thirteenth-century mosaics by analyzing a variety of factors in the visual environment and the iconography of the mosaics themselves. First, I will examine briefly the nature medieval visuality and the previous architectural and artistic tradition within San Marco, moving then to analysis of the mosaics of the Old Testament cycle, the …

Inciting Social Change Through Film: Using Marcus Banks’S Definition Of Ethnographic Film To Discuss The Films Of Participant Productions, Marie Loeb

PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal

This article examines films produced by Participant Productions: Murderball, Good Night, and Good Luck, North Country, Syriana, and An Inconvenient Truth, using the three aspects— "intention", "event", and "reaction" as outlined by Marcus Banks (1992) to define an ethnographic film.

Faculty Mentor: Janice Haaken

Africans And African Americans: Conflicts, Stereotypes And Grudges, Foday Darboe

PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal

This research focuses critically on the relationship between African immigrants and African Americans in the United States. It examines stereotypes, conflicts and grudges between the two groups and how they impact their co-existence and adaptation to each other. Most African Americans are descendants of enslaved Africans that were transported to the US during the trans-Atlantic slave trade. Since African Americans and Africans are descended from the same root African cultures, it is reasonable to expect that they would adapt and co-exist in harmony; however, there is tension between the two groups. My objectives are to probe the issues between these …

Nativism Or Response To Globalization? Business Reaction To Immigration Reform, Tyanne Conner

PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal

Industries such as agriculture, service, health care, construction, and meat packing and processing have relied heavily on immigrant labor and have voiced opposition to the restrictive immigration reform passed recently by the House of Representatives which would provide no amnesty, no path to legalization, and which would reduce the number of worker visas. Other industries and coalitions favor tighter border security and punitive action toward undocumented immigrants and those who hire them. I propose that the position these businesses take toward immigration reform is more a response to globalization than one of nativism.

Faculty Mentor: Johanna Brenner

Portland's Artisan Economy: The Arts And Crafts Sector, Melissa Cannon

PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal

The city of Portland, Oregon has recently been experiencing a transformation from an economy of large-scale mass production to a post-modern economy. While current theory maintains that economic development requires expansion of specialized industrial goods and services being traded to other regions, Portland is challenging this notion through its unique characteristics of local production. In what is becoming known as the artisan economy certain sectors are demonstrating craft-like qualities that have catalyzed their success. As a leader in planning, civic life and livability, Portland has increasingly drawn attention from the outside and presents an interesting story that may shed some …

Misguided Men: International Law And The Closing Of Guantanamo, Michael Tonn

PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal

With the signing of the Executive Order to close Guantanamo Bay, the need for research has arisen to address the possible solutions. A framework of analysis, built upon various legal factors, is needed to formulate acceptable legal options that coincide with political goals. The difficulty lies in the moral and ethical willingness to pursue these ends. However, only by adhering to the rule of law can the US government effectively close the detention center at Guantanamo and also implement a plan to deal with future incidents regarding possible terrorist suspects.

Faculty Mentor: David Kinsella

Community Learning Garden Programs In The Portland Area: How Do Learning Gardens Help Low‐Income Families Access Fresh Locally‐Grown Foods?, Denissia Elizabeth Withers

PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal

Community learning garden programs help families grow and prepare their own food. The skills and knowledge gained from these programs can help families access more fresh locally-grown foods. However, locally-grown foods are often perceived to be too expensive for low-income families. Economic barriers such as transportation and access to convenient food sources and the perceived high cost of fresh foods limit the amount of fresh foods available to low-income families and individuals. This study was designed to analyze how participation in community learning garden programs helps increase lowincome families access to organic and/or fresh locally-grown foods. Although the preliminary sample …

The Lents International Farmer’S Market: A Case And Comparative Study, Sarah Egan

PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal

The Lents neighborhood is a designated urban renewal area that has historically lacked access to ample grocery stores offering fresh produce. The Lents International Farmer’s Market enhances health and community by providing a community space to purchase fresh fruits and vegetables. Examining the Lents International Farmer’s Market is an invaluable opportunity to learn more about consumer shopping behavior and market expectations. This study also seeks to identify vendor opportunities and barriers when establishing themselves as retailers at Lents International Farmer’s Market. From both a business and consumer perspective, it is crucial for the market’s survival to gain a sense what …

"We Don't Have Any Of Those:" Looking For Leaders In The Horizontal Structure Of Occupy Portland, Aaron Martin Bach

Dissertations and Theses

This thesis documents and examines Occupy Portland's organizational structure and the impact of this structure on the leadership roles of participants. Interviews with key activists and participant observation reveal that the ideologically influenced horizontal organization employed by the movement disrupts the emergence of centralized authority and charismatic leadership. This, in turn, encourages the rise of a "distributed leadership" comprised of multiple, task driven leaders. It finds that these task-oriented leaders within Occupy Portland tend to fulfill three specific leadership roles; the facilitation of process, the construction of movement structures, and the organization of actions. This study provides an exploration of …

Shifting Identities In A Globalising Metro Manila, Patrick Belin

University Honors Theses

This paper investigates the Philippine capital of Metro Manila, how it has been redeveloping as a "global city" over the past decade, and how the urban population has been negotiating the remarkable changes to their spatial, economic and sociocultural environment. The investigation assumes that a shift is occurring in the way that Filipinos identify with their country, moving from a national to a more international focus. Examined here are Metro Manila's premier global city site, Bonifacio Global City (BGC), public symbols of a Filipino nationalism, and the significant impact of the Philippine business process outsourcing (BPO) industry within the country's …

Racial Hegemony In America: The Struggle For Identity Among The Black Indians Of The Five Civilized Tribes Of The Southern United States, Natasha Hartsfield

PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal

The notion of race was introduced to the Americas at the time of colonization. For the Black Indians of the Five Civilized Tribes, racism has led to the rejection of their tribal heritage from both tribal and United States governments. The Black Indians are of both African and Native American ancestry with a history born in America and rich with resistance against colonial power. Blood quantum, the governmental requisite for tribal membership, is but one of the many laws put in place to govern Native American tribes. This introduces the question: Why, in a Nation that claims "freedom for all," …