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A Review Of Systems: New Paradigms For The Human Sciences, Martin Zwick

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

This essay is a selective review of Systems: New Paradigms for the Human Sciences, edited by Gabriel Altmann and Walter A. Koch (Berlin: Walter de Gryter, 1998). It is selective because it is impossible to engage such a varied collection of systems-theoretic essays in a review of reasonable length. To invoke a relevant dialectical idea: the characteristic strength of any system is often also its characteristic weakness. One strength and weakness of the systems field is its great diversity, and this diversity is reflected in this volume by the range of subjects addressed in its 27 articles. I will not …

Bulletin: General Catalog Issue 2002-2003, Portland State University

Bulletin & Curriculum Change Documents

No abstract provided.

Integrated Ecological Economic Modeling Of The Patuxent River Watershed, Maryland, Robert Costanza, Alexey Voinov, Roelof Boumans, Thomas Maxwell, Ferdinando Villa, Lisa Wainger, Helena Voinov

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

Understanding the way regional landscapes operate, evolve, and change is a key area of research for ecosystem science. It is also essential to support the "placebased" management approach being advocated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and other management agencies. We developed a spatially explicit, process-based model of the 2352 km2 Patuxent River watershed in Maryland to integrate data and knowledge over several spatial, temporal, and complexity scales, and to serve as an aid to regional management. In particular, the model addresses the effects of both the magnitude and spatial patterns of human settlements and agricultural practices on hydrology, plant …

Computer-Based Testing In Vocational Assessment And Evaluation: A Primer For Rehabilitation Professionals, Tina M. Anctil Peterman, Nancy J. Adams

Counselor Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

Current technologies, including computerized assessments, assistive technology, and information/resource technology, are effective tools that offer the rehabilitation professional a variety of applications for vocational evaluation and work assessment. "The ability of vocational evaluators to effectively utilize computers to obtain useful information (e.g. availability of specific electronic devices, job accommodation techniques, job-matching) for vocational recommendations could ultimately affect the outcome goals achieved in the rehabilitation process" (Chan, Lam, Leahy, Parker, & Wong; 1989, p. 113). In order to appropriately use these technologies, rehabilitation professionals need to understand the issues surrounding the use of these tools (e.g., reliability, validity) and ethical concerns …

Classroom Instruction In Gates Grantee Schools A Baseline Report, Jeffrey T. Fouts, Carol Brown, Gayle Yvonne Thieman

Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study is part of the on-going program evaluation of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation’s Model Schools Initiative and Model Districts Initiative in the state of Washington. In developing the Teaching Attributes Observation Protocol (TAOP) a conceptual framework was identified based on extensive literature on constructivist teaching. From this framework and the foundation’s written materials we identified important components and indicators of constructivist teaching and implications for the classroom. We then produced an observation protocol with 7 lesson components and a number of indicators under each component. The content validity of the instrument was then checked against the literature …

Semicontinuity Of Dimension And Measure For Locally Scaling Fractals, L. B. Jonker, J. J. P. Veerman

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The basic question of this paper is: If you consider two iterated function systems close to one another in an appropriate topology, are the dimensions of their respective invariant sets close to one another? It is well-known that the Hausdorff dimension (and Lebesgue measure) of the invariant set do not depend continuously on the iterated function system. Our main result is that (with a restriction on the ‘non-conformality’ of the transformations) the Hausdorff dimension is a lower semi-continuous function in the C¹- topology of the transformations of the iterated function system. The same question is raised of the …

Summarizing Concepts About Teacher Education, Learning And Neuroscience, Terry Armstrong, Teresa J. Kennedy, Porter Coggins

Northwest Journal of Teacher Education

Despite on-going reform. teacher education today is virtually unchanged from models used in the 1920s. The achievements of the past century however have been remarkable in every way. Neuroscience records and the human genome project hold the prospect of truly expanded conceptualizations for teacher educators. This article summarizes concepts relating to the human cerebrum that speak to individual uniqueness derived from neuroscience research of the past several decades. Five areas of investigation are noted that could provide the theoretical underpinning for teacher education collaboration with neuroscientists. Neuroscience theorists are identified in anticipation that their work may provide insights to teacher …

Authentic Field Ecology Experiences For Teachers, Marion Dresner, Andrew Moldenke

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper will focus on one teacher field research experience situated in the Pacific Northwest

Teaching Mathematical Problem Solving In The Context Of Oregon's Educational Reform, Nicole R. Rigelman

Dissertations and Theses

Implementation of Oregon’s Educational Reform Act (HB 3565 and HB 2991) provides the context for this inquiry as its emphasis on problem solving has impacted mathematics teaching and learning throughout the state. Even though all Oregon teachers are responding to the same policy, their goals in teaching problem solving vary. These goals and these practices are influenced by the way teachers view the role of problem solving in the curriculum. Further, their practice is influenced by their knowledge and beliefs about mathematics content, teaching, learning, and the reform policy. The questions addressed in this study are: (1) What do exemplary …

Upper Spokane River Model: Model Calibration, 1991 And 2000, Chris Berger, Robert Leslie Annear, Scott A. Wells

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The Washington Department of Ecology is interested in a water quality model for the Upper Spokane River system for use in developing Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs). The goals of this modeling effort are to:

• Gather data to construct a computer simulation model of the Spokane River system including Long Lake Reservoir and the pools behind Nine Mile dam, Upper Falls dam and Upriver dam. • Ensure that the model accurately represents the system hydrodynamics and water quality (flow, temperature, dissolved oxygen and nutrient dynamics)

This report evaluates the model calibration and discusses issues relative to that calibration effort. …

Validation Of The Ce-Qual-W2 Version 3 River Basin Hydrodynamic And Water Quality Model, Scott A. Wells

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

CE-QUAL-W2 Version 3, a 2-D (longitudinal-vertical) hydrodynamic and water quality model for river basins combining both river and stratified river-estuary and lakereservoir flow, is a development product of the Waterways Experiment Station in Vicksburg, MS, USA. With the development and release of any revised or reformulated model codes, significant model validation is required. This includes comparison of model results to simple analytical solutions for hydrodynamics and water quality transport, as well as comparison to laboratory and field data. In this paper, the model is compared to numerous analytical solutions for mass transport (1-D advective mass transport) and hydrodynamics (impulsive wind …

Efficient Algorithms For Creation Of Linearly-Independent Decision Diagrams And Their Mapping To Regular Layouts, Marek Perkowski, Bogdan Jaroslaw Falkowski, Malgorzata Chrzanowska-Jeske, Rolf Dreschler

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

A new kind of a decision diagrams are presented: its nodes correspond to all types of nonsingular expansions for groups of input variables, in particular pairs. The diagrams are called the Linearly Independent (LI) Decision Diagrams (LI DDs). There are 840 nonsigular expansions for a pair of variables, thus 840 different types of nodes in the tree. Therefore, the number of nodes in such (exact) diagrams is usually much smaller than the number of nodes in the well-known Kronecker diagrams (which have only single-variable Shannon, Positive Davio, and Negative Davio expansions in nodes). It is usually much smaller than 1/3 …

Generalized Inclusive Forms — New Canonical Reed-Muller Forms Including Minimum Esops, Marek Perkowski, Alan Mishchenko, Malgorzata Chzanowka-Jeske

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Reed-Muller (AND/EXOR) expansions play an important role in logic synthesis and circuit design by producing economical and highly-testable implementations of Boolean functions [3–6]. The range of Reed-Muller expansions include canonical forms, i.e. expansions that create unique representations of a Boolean function. Several large families of canonical forms: fixed polarity Reed-Muller forms (FPRMs), generalized Reed-Muller forms (GRMs), Kronecker forms (KROs), and pseudo- Kronecker forms (PKROs), referred to as the Green/Sasao hierarchy, have been described [7–9]. (See Fig. 1 for a settheoretic relationship between these families.)

In Situ Hydraulic Testing And Water Quality Sampling In The Hyporheic Zone Of The Columbia River, Hanford Reach, Washington, Evan V. Arntzen

Dissertations and Theses

Several chemical and radiological contaminants are present in an unconfined aquifer underlying the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site in southeast Washington State. Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], previously used as an anticorrosive in plutonium production reactors on the shoreline of the Columbia River, is of particular concern because of its conservative nature, toxicity to humans and aquatic life, and proximity to protected salmon spawning habitat. Hydrogeologic data are abundant from the unconfined aquifer, but are lacking from the hyporheic zone through which Cr(VI) is transported into the river. A hydrogeologic study was conducted near one known Cr(VI) plume to determine the …

The Parallel Projection, As Flights Of Fancy, Mary Nixon

Proceedings of the 18th National Conference on the Beginning Design Student

For a student of architecture, developing imaginative points-of-view and drawing acumen, is a must. The parallel projection is one such drawing type that aptly addresses point-of-view. Its three-dimensional properties and simple methodology make it a standard of beginning designers. Its inclination toward aerial adventures is an especially important feature to understanding its use. This paper examines the long history and sometimes-parallel track to architecture the parallel projection has enjoyed.

On The Evolution Of Simple Material Structures, Marek Elźanowski, Ernst Binz

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The evolution of a distribution of material inhomogeneities is investigated by analyzing the evolution of the corresponding material connections. Some general geometric relations governing such evolutions are derived. These relations are then analyzed by looking at the restrictions imposed by the material symmetry group.

Conformal Laplacian And Conical Singularities, Boris Botvinnik, Serge Preston

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

We study a behavior of the conformal Laplacian operator $\L_g$ on a manifold with \emph{tame conical singularities}: when each singularity is given as a cone over a product of the standard spheres. We study the spectral properties of the operator $\L_g$ on such manifolds. We describe the asymptotic of a general solution of the equation $\L_g u = Q u^{\alpha}$ with 1≤α≤n+2 near each singular point. In particular, we derive the asymptotic of the Yamabe metric near such singularity.

Indirect-Drive Noncryogenic Double-Shell Ignition Targets For The National Ignition Facility: Design And Analysis, Peter A. Amendt, J. D. Colvin, R. E. Tipton, D. E. Hinkel, M. J. Edwards, O. L. Landen, John D. Ramshaw, L. J. Suter, W. S. Varnum, R. G. Watt

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Analysis and design of indirect-drive National Ignition Facility double-shell targets with hohlraum temperatures of 200 eV and 250 eV are presented. The analysis of these targets includes the assessment of two-dimensional radiation asymmetry and nonlinear mix. Two-dimensional integrated hohlraum simulations indicate that the x-ray illumination can be adjusted to provide adequate symmetry control in hohlraums specially designed to have high laser-coupling efficiency [Suter et al., Phys. Plasmas 7, 2092 (2000)]. These simulations also reveal the need to diagnose and control localized 10?15 keV x-ray emission from the high-Z hohlraum wall because of strong absorption by the high-Z inner shell. Preliminary …

Analytically Continued Hypergeometric Expression Of The Incomplete Beta Function, Jack C. Straton

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The Incomplete Beta Function is rewritten as a Hypergeometric Function that is the analytic continuation of the conventional form, a generalization of the finite series, which simpifies the Stieltjes transform of powers of a monomial divided by powers of a binomial.

Fluid Dynamics And Energetics In Ideal Gas Mixtures, John D. Ramshaw

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The generalization of fluid dynamics from pure to multicomponent fluids (fluid mixtures composed of different components or species) requires the introduction of new concepts, some of which are rather subtle and are less widely appreciated than they deserve to be. The purpose of this paper is to provide a simple didactic introduction to some of these concepts based on a detailed analysis of the equations governing the flow of ideal gas mixtures. The treatment is based entirely on a continuum description and makes no explicit use of the kinetic theory of gases. We include a straightforward and physically transparent derivation …

Querying Geographically Dispersed, Heterogeneous Data Stores: The Pperfxchange Approach, Matthew Edward Colgrove

Dissertations and Theses

This thesis details PPerfXchange’s approach for querying geographically dispersed heterogeneous data stores. While elements of PPerfXchange’s method have been implemented for other application areas, PPerfXchange shows how these elements can be applied to parallel performance analysis. The accomplishments of this thesis are:

• The design of an architecture for PPerfXchange, giving a uniform method to query heterogeneous data stores;
• A proof of concept prototype implementation of PPerfXchange including a partial implementation of an XQuery processor and a relational database virtual XML document; and
• Evaluation of PPerfXchange using example parallel performance analysis data.

Watershed Solutions: Collaborative Problem Solving For States And Communities, National Policy Consensus Center

National Policy Consensus Center Publications

In July 2002, the National Policy Consensus Center (NPCC) hosted a colloquium for people involved in watershed collaborations, academics, and other experts from government and non-profit organizations. Its aim was to identify lessons learned from successful watershed initiatives, and to develop recommendations for governors and other state officials on ways to enhance the use and effectiveness of watershed partnerships. This report is an outgrowth of that conference.

Studies on watershed collaborations are beginning to identify what makes them successful and what some of the barriers are to greater success. For example, contrary to the fears of some observers, successful collaborations …

Single-Particle Model For A Granular Ratchet, Albert J. Bae, Welles Antonio Martinez Morgado, J. J. P. Veerman, Giovani L. Vasconcelos

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

A simple model for a granular ratchet corresponding to a single grain bouncing off a vertically vibrating sawtooth-shaped base is studied. Depending on the model parameters, horizontal transport is observed in both the preferred and unfavoured directions. A phase diagram is presented indicating the regions in parameter space where the different regimes (no current, normal current, and current reversal) occur.

Dynamics Of A Granular Particle On A Rough Surface With A Staircase Profile, J. J. P. Veerman, F. V. Cunha Jr., G. L. Vasconcelos

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

A simple model is presented for the motion of a grain down a rough inclined surface with a staircase profile. The model is an extension of an earlier model of ours where we now allow for bouncing, i.e., we consider a non-vanishing normal coefficient of restitution. It is shown that in parameter space there are three regions of interest: (i) a region of smaller inclinations where the orbits are always bounded (and we argue that the particle always stops); (ii) a transition region where halting, periodic and unbounded orbits co-exist; and (iii) a region of large inclinations where no halting …

On A Conjecture Of Furstenberg, Grzegorz Świçatek, J. J. P. Veerman

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The Hausdorff dimension of the set of numbers which can be written using digits 0, 1,t in base 3 is estimated. For everyt irrational a lower bound 0.767 … is found.

Stomatal Responses Of Douglas-Fir Seedlings To Elevated Carbon Dioxide And Temperature During The Third And Fourth Years Of Exposure, James D. Lewis, Melissa S. Lucash, David M. Olszyk, David T. Tingey

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Two major components of climate change, increasing atmospheric [CO₂] and increasing temperature, may substantially alter the effects of water availability to plants through effects on the rate of water loss from leaves. We examined the interactive effects of elevated [CO₂] and temperature on seasonal patterns of stomatal conductance (g_s), transpiration (E) and instantaneous transpiration efficiency (ITE) in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seedlings. Seedlings were grown in sunlit chambers at either ambient CO₂ (AC) or ambient + 180 µmol mol^-1 CO₂ (EC), and at ambient temperature (AT) or ambient + 3.5° …

Reconnaissance Of Pharmaceutical Chemicals In Urban Streams Of The Tualatin River Basin, Oregon, 2002, Stewart A. Rounds, Micelis C. Doyle, Patrick M. Edwards, Edward T. Furlong

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

A reconnaissance of pharmaceutical chemicals in urban streams of the Tualatin River basin was conducted in July 2002 in an effort to better understand the occurrence and distribution of such compounds, and to determine whether they might be useful indicators of human-related stream contamination. Of the 21 pharmaceutical chemicals and metabolites tested, only 6 (acetaminophen, caffeine, carbamazepine, codeine, cotinine, and sulfamethoxazole) were detected in filtered stream samples from 10 sites. The concentrations of most of the detected compounds were relatively low (less than 0.05 microgram per liter). The most frequently detected compounds were cotinine (a nicotine metabolite, 8 of 10 …

Force Balance Along An Inland Tributary And Onset To Ice Stream D, West Antarctica, Stephen F. Price, R. A. Bindschadler, Christina L. Hulbe, Donald D. Blankenship

Geology Faculty Publications and Presentations

The transition from inland- to streaming-style ice flow near to and upstream from the onset to Ice Stream D, West Antarctica, is investigated using the force- balance technique. Basal drag provides the majority of the flow resistance over the study area but is substantially modified by non-local stress gradients. Lateral drag increases with distance downstream, balancing ~50-100% of the driving stress at the onset. Longitudinal stress gradients (LSG) are also found to be significant, an observation that distinguishes ice flow in this region from the inland- and streaming-flow regimes that bound it, in which LSG are usually negligible. LSG decrease …

A Comparison Of Evolutionary And Coevolutionary Search, Ludo Pagie, Melanie Mitchell

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Previous work on coevolutionary search has demonstrated both successful and unsuccessful applications. As a step in explaining what factors lead to success or failure, we present a comparative study of an evolutionary and a coevolutionary search model. In the latter model, strategies for solving a problem coevolve with training cases. We find that the coevolutionary model has a relatively large efficacy: 86 out of 100 (86%) of the simulations produce high quality strategies. In contrast, the evolutionary model has a very low efficacy: a high quality strategy is found in only two out of 100 runs (2%). We show that …

Thread Transparency In Information Flow Middleware, Rainer Koster, Andrew P. Black, Jie Huang, Jonathan Walpole, Calton Pu

Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Existing middleware is based on control-flow centric interaction models such as remote method invocations, poorly matching the structure of applications that process continuous information flows. Difficulties cultiesin building this kind of application on conventional platforms include flow-specific concurrency and timing requirements, necessitating explicit management of threads, synchronization, and timing by the application programmer. We propose Infopipes as a high-level abstraction for information flows, and we are developing a middleware framework that supports this abstraction. Infopipes transparently handle complexities associated with control flow and multi-threading. From high-level configuration descriptions the platform determines what parts of a pipeline require separate threads or …