Digital Commons Network^™

Historical Changes In Lower Columbia River And Estuary Floods: A Numerical Study, Lumas Helaire, Stefan Talke, David A. Jay, Andrew Mahedy

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Over the past 150 years, the Lower Columbia River Estuary controlling depth has approximately doubled, the majority of historical wetlands and floodplain have been reclaimed, numerous infrastructure projects have altered and confined flow pathways, and significant natural and anthropogenic changes to the discharge hydrograph have occurred. To investigate the effect of these changes on tides, river slope, and flood water levels, we construct and validate numerical models that simulate flow over late nineteenth‐century and present‐day bathymetry. The models are validated using archival (1853–1877) and modern tide measurements throughout the Lower Columbia River Estuary and river stage measurements from the tidal …

Annual And Seasonal Variation In Hydrologic Performance Of Ecoroofs Of Multiple Depths, Portland, Or, Ashley Michelle Baker

Dissertations and Theses

It is essential that cities adopt new approaches to stormwater management in the face of changing precipitation regime. In some locations, ecoroofs have been incorporated into city plans as a stormwater control measure, and thus their real-world performance under current conditions can assist with adequate planning. In this study rainfall retention data collected during a three year period, between 2014-2017, is analyzed for 75mm and 125mm ecoroof plots in Portland, Oregon, USA. There is no difference in annual rainfall retention performance between the shallower and deeper plots. However, the 36% mean annual retention of the ecoroof plots is a significant …

Understanding The Politicization Of Oromo Identity In The Diaspora: Re/ Locating The Bones Of The Oromo, Madeline Jaye Bass

Dissertations and Theses

The Oromo people of Ethiopia share a common language, worldview, set of sacred meanings, and a historic system of governance. The rise of the Abyssinian Empire in the late 1800s led to the colonization of the Oromo; their language and religion were made illegal, their homeland was expropriated and renamed, and they were forced to live as slaves on their own land. After the end of the Abyssinian colonial era, historic discrimination was institutionalized into the new Ethiopian state form through the politicization of identities. Ethnic identities become political identities when cultural traits are used by the state as criteria …

Creating Successful French Immersion Programs In North America, Katherine Modlin

University Honors Theses

Language immersion education (with various related approaches called bilingual and dual-language education) is a complex topic that includes many different linguistic, educational, social, and political facets. There has been much debate about the best method with which to educate children in a language that is not their mother tongue. While the goal of language immersion education is to immerse a child in the second language, in order for the child to be bilingual there must remain a support system for their first language. Many researchers have sought to determine the best way to achieve these two goals, to gain a …

Governance, Costs, And Revenue Raising To Address And Prevent Homelessness In The Portland Tri-County Region, Marisa Zapata, Jenny H. Liu, Lauren Elizabeth Morrow Everett, Peter Hulseman, Thomas Potiowsky, Emma Willingham

Northwest Economic Research Center Publications and Reports

In the Portland, Oregon metropolitan region, homelessness has become increasingly visible on our streets and in our media headlines. Conflicting rates of who is experiencing homelessness, differing definitions of who is at risk, and varying cost estimates to help those without a stable place to live leave community members confused about the scale and scope of the challenge that we face. Our overarching goal in this report is to provide information that helps the public deliberate about how to support people experiencing homelessness, and prevent future homelessness. We thread together three areas of work - governance, costs, and revenue - …

The Datafication Of Cycling – Effects And Opportunities At The Intersection Of Industry And Transport Policy, Shaun Williams

PSU Transportation Seminars

This seminar will provide a brief overview to Shaun Williams’ "Datafication of Cycling" PhD project. The main aim is to understand how volunteered app data, provided by cyclists, are used to inform transportation planning practice and policy. There is an emerging body of academic work calling for digital aspects of cycling – such as app data - to be considered by transportation authorities. This project builds upon these contributions and asks: Are new forms of cycling data contributing to increased cycling provision and infrastructure? The Datafication of Cycling Project runs from 2017 – 2021 and includes visits to Portland (Oregon) …

Papers Please: Immigration, Enforcement, And Remmitances, Jose A. Rojas-Fallas

PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal

This research aims to analyze and present the economic reaction visible in immigrants, unauthorized or not, in Arizona during the period in which SB 1070, a law that allowed state police officers to stop and ask for proof of residency from anyone that the officers deemed to “have the appearance of an immigrant”. To make the analysis on how this may have had economic implications in immigrants, an attempt to answer how remittance activity changes in immigrant communities in the context of a change in law enforcement jurisdiction, as seen by the SB. 1070 law enacted in Arizona is made. …

Masculinity In Fraternities: Impact On Campus Sexual Violence, Alisha K. Ram

PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal

The literature on fraternities and sexual violence has suggested that some fraternity members are more likely to adopt and maintain the values found in hegemonic masculinity (Sanday, 2007). This is significant as it can aid our understanding of how fraternities and hegemonic masculinity play a part in promoting and engaging in sexual violence. This paper investigates existing literature on masculinity and how hegemonic masculinity is enforced through fraternity participation. The literature review explores condoned behaviors and beliefs that endorse negative masculine values, which are fostered in the social fraternity lifestyle between brothers. Those values paired with the strong male social …

Misrecognition In A Sustainability Capital: Race, Representation, And Transportation Survey Response Rates In The Portland Metropolitan Area, Raoul S. Liévanos, Amy Lubitow, Julius A. Mcgee

Sociology Faculty Publications and Presentations

US household transportation surveys typically have limited coverage of and responses from people of color (POC), which may lead to inaccurate estimation of POC transportation access and behavior. We recast this technocratic understanding of representativeness as a problem of “racial misrecognition” in which racial group difference is obscured yet foundational for distributive transportation inequities and unsustainability. We linked 2008–2012 population and housing data to an apparent stratified random sample of 6107 household responses to the 2011 Oregon Household Activity Survey (OHAS) in a “sustainability capital”: the Portland, Oregon metropolitan area. We detailed how the 2011 OHAS consistently overrepresented White households …

The Energy Policy Act Of 2005: The Rapid Decline Of Jura Majestatis For Communities In Ohio, Alexander Krokus

Hatfield Graduate Journal of Public Affairs

Since Nobel Prize recipient Svante Arrhenius realized that fossil fuel combustion increased CO2 emissions in our atmosphere in 1896, scientists and policy makers have acknowledged the calamitous potential for the oil and gas industry to render substantial deleterious effects on ecosystems. Yet in 2016, the U.S. utilized fossil fuels to facilitate 80.9% of all energy consumption.¹ Subsequent to the passage of the Energy Policy Act of 2005, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission vastly encouraged outside economic investment into our oil and gas infrastructure. Natural resources situated in geologic formations that possess low permeability, which were once considered previously inaccessible …

Relationship Between Empathy And Language Proficiency In Adult Language Learners, Mika Sakai

Dissertations and Theses

This study reviews concepts and the mechanism of empathy, and the relationship between empathy and language proficiency, focusing on the aspect of cognitive empathy. It also discusses whether empathy levels could be developed by learning language to a highly proficient level. I compared the empathy levels between high and low proficiency second-language learners to determine if there was correlation between empathy and other factors such as gender, studying abroad, education background, and usage of a second language. I found that there was no relationship between empathy level and language proficiency level; however, there was one between empathy and gender. For …

Age-Friendly University, Anali Gomez

University Honors Theses

Youth and wisdom from the past and the present should be heard to impact our future.

Each generation has had to make similar decisions. The advice about these important decisions from people who made these decisions can help the generation that has yet to make this decision. Advice from experience, experience leading to stories, stories shaping each generation.

Seasonal Masculinities: Seasonal Labor Migration And Masculinities In Rural Western India, Pronoy Rai

International & Global Studies Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this research article, I study seasonal labor migration in rural western India to understand gender negotiations in the course of labor migration. Based on qualitative research conducted in six villages in rural Maharashtra state in Western India during the early Kharif cropping season in 2014 and during Kharif and Rabi cropping seasons in 2015–16, I examine gendered labor in migrant home communities and at various rural and urban employment destinations, the relationship of labor to the social construction of masculinities, and gender negotiations across space. I show that in their home communities, the politics of resistance of returnee laborers …

Spatiotemporal Variability Of Twenty‐First‐Century Changes In Site‐Specific Snowfall Frequency Over The Northwest United States, Arielle J. Catalano, Paul C. Loikith, C. M. Aragon

Geography Faculty Publications and Presentations

In the Northwest United States, warming temperatures threaten mountain snowpacks. Reliable projections of snowfall changes are therefore critical to anticipate the timeline of change. However, producing such projections is challenging, as most state‐of‐the‐art climate models are limited in sufficiently resolving influential topography. Here we leverage atmospheric freezing level to estimate precipitation phase and project twenty‐first‐century snowfall frequency change at Snowpack Telemetry Network stations across the Northwest. Under “moderate” and “business‐as‐usual” emission pathways in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 models, snowfall frequency is projected to decline at all stations. Business‐as‐usual declines accelerate after midcentury at most locations, whereas moderate declines …

Toxic Chemical Governance Failure In The United States: Key Lessons And Paths Forward, Ariana M. Chiapella, Zbigniew Grabowski, Mary Ann Rozance, Ashlie D. Denton, Manar A. Alattar, Elise F. Granek

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Over 40 years of regulations in the United States have failed to protect human and environmental health. We contend that these failures result from the flawed governance over the continued production, use, and disposal of toxic chemicals. To address this failure, we need to identify the broader social, political, and technological processes producing, knowing, and regulating toxic chemicals, collectively referred to as toxic chemical governance. To do so, we create a conceptual framework covering five key domains of governance: knowledge production, policy design, monitoring and enforcement, evaluation, and adjudication. Within each domain, social actors of varying power negotiate what constitutes …

Moving Beyond ‘Therapy’ And ‘Enhancement’ In The Ethics Of Gene Editing, Bryan Cwik

Philosophy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Since the advent of recombinant DNA technology, expectations (and trepidations) about the potential for altering genes and controlling our biology at the fundamental level have been sky high. These expectations have gone largely unfulfilled. But though the dream (or nightmare) of being able to control our biology is still far off, gene editing research has made enormous strides toward potential clinical use. This paper argues that when it comes to determining permissible uses of gene editing in one important medical context—germline intervention in reproductive medicine—issues about enhancement and eugenics are, for the foreseeable future, a red herring. Current translational goals …

Modeling Climate Driven Urban Migration In The United States, Julia Beckwith

REU Final Reports

Though research on climate driven migration has become more prevalent, the majority of recent studies model migration patterns in the Global South. While these inquiries are rightfully focused on populations that will be disproportionately affected by climate change, countries in the Global North are not impervious to these effects. As global population distributions shift, it will be necessary to know which urban areas in the United States might be best equipped to handle influxes of people. Drawing on existing climate-migration frameworks, the agent-based model detailed in this paper utilizes available demographic and climate data to simulate climate-driven migration between key …

An Examination Of Non-Waged Labor And Local Food Movement Growth In The Southern Appalachians, Amy Kathryn Marion

Dissertations and Theses

Farmers have traditionally depended on their families or paid employees to cover their extensive labor needs. Today, non-waged labor models are gaining popularity, especially among small, ecologically-oriented farms. Apprenticeships and internships can be a primary form of training for a population of new and beginning farmers, many of whom are entering the field without farming backgrounds. However, many question the sustainability and justness of these arrangements. As a new phenomenon, very little research examines the relationship between non-waged labor models like agricultural apprenticeships and alternative food movements. In this exploratory study, the author surveyed nearly 250 farmers growing for local …

Complex History Of Codiversification And Host Switching Of A Newfound Soricid-Borne Orthohantavirus In North America, Schuyler W. Liphardt, Hae Ji Kang, Laurie J. Dizney, Luis A. Ruedas, Joseph A. Cook, Richard Yanagihara

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Orthohantaviruses are tightly linked to the ecology and evolutionary history of their mammalian hosts. We hypothesized that in regions with dramatic climate shifts throughout the Quaternary, orthohantavirus diversity and evolution are shaped by dynamic host responses to environmental change through processes such as host isolation, host switching, and reassortment. Jemez Springs virus (JMSV), an orthohantavirus harbored by the dusky shrew (Sorex monticola) and five close relatives distributed widely in western North America, was used to test this hypothesis. Total RNAs, extracted from liver or lung tissue from 164 shrews collected from western North America during 1983–2007, were analyzed for orthohantavirus …

Social-Transportation Analytic Toolbox (Stat) For Transit Networks, Xiaoyue Cathy Liu, Qian Zuo, Shenruoyang Na, Ran Wei, Aaron Golub, Liming Wang, Jake Davis

TREC Final Reports

This project builds an open-source, socio-transportation analytic (STAT) toolbox for public transit system planning in an effort to integrate social media and general transit feed specification (GTFS) data for transit agencies in evaluating and enhancing the performance of public transit systems. This toolbox is novel and essential to transit agencies in two aspects. First, it enables the integration, analysis and visualization of two major, new open transportation data, social media and GTFS data, to support transit decision-making. Second, it allows transit agencies to evaluate service network efficiency and access equity of transit systems in a cohesive manner, and identify areas …

Characterizing The Trip Generation Profiles Of Multifamily Housing, Kelly Clifton, Kristina M. Currans

TREC Final Reports

Cities are increasingly wanting to assess the impacts new development has on all modes in the transportation system. Many communities are requiring site-level transportation impact analysis to examine travel outcomes. The historical focus on developing data and methods exclusively for the automobile, such as the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) Trip Generation Handbook, has left planners with little guidance for these new challenges. This study aims to examine the limitations in the dominant approaches to understand how they may misguide the planning process for multifamily housing development. Specifically, we aim to examine the vehicle and person trip generation rates associated …

Maximizing O&M Services In Rural And Remote Areas Through Distance Consultation, Amy T. Parker, Mary J. Tellefson

Special Education Faculty Publications and Presentations

The region served by Portland State University’s Orientation and Mobility (O&M) and Visually Impaired Learner (VIL) hybrid preparation program is geographically vast. The states of OR, WA, ID, MT, AK, and HI comprise 28% of the US’s geography, covering more than 1,061,000 square miles. Because of regional personnel shortages, faculty must prepare candidates to serve geographically dispersed children and adults with visual impairment or deaf-blindness using technologies that support distance-based consultation.

As a part of a federally funded grant from the US Department of Education, faculty in the O&M program developed an online learning module for candidates to use as …

Coordinated Population Forecast For Lane County, Its Urban Growth Boundaries (Ugb), And Area Outside Ugbs 2019-2069, Portland State University. Population Research Center, Nicholas Chun, Kevin Rancik, Rhey Haggerty, Jason R. Jurjevich, Charles Rynerson

Oregon Population Forecast Program

Different parts of the County experience different growth patterns. Local trends within UGBs and the area outside them collectively influence population growth rates for the County as a whole. UGBs in Lane County include Cottage Grove, Eugene, Florence, Springfield, Coburg, Creswell, Dunes City, Junction City, Lowell, Oakridge, Veneta, and Westfir.

Lane County’s total population had minimal growth in the 2000s. However, population growth occurred at different rates across the County as some of the sub-areas experienced faster growth while others declined in population during this period.

The population growth that did occur in Lane County in the 2000s was largely …

Coordinated Population Forecast For Umatilla County, Its Urban Growth Boundaries (Ugb), And Area Outside Ugbs 2019-2069, Portland State University. Population Research Center, Nicholas Chun, Kevin Rancik, Rhey Haggerty, Jason R. Jurjevich, Charles Rynerson

Oregon Population Forecast Program

Different parts of the County experience different growth patterns. Local trends within UGBs and the area outside them collectively influence population growth rates for the County as a whole. UGBs in Umatilla County include Adams, Athena, Echo, Helix, Hermiston, Milton-Freewater, Pendleton, Pilot Rock, Stanfield, Ukiah, the city of Umatilla, and Weston.

Umatilla County’s total population grew steadily in the 2000s; however, some of its sub-areas experienced faster population growth during this period. Lakeside, for example, posted the highest average annual growth rates at 2.2 percent during the 2000 to 2010 period.

The consistent population growth that did occur in Umatilla …

Coordinated Population Forecast For Grant County, Its Urban Growth Boundaries (Ugb), And Area Outside Ugbs 2019-2069, Portland State University. Population Research Center, Nicholas Chun, Kevin Rancik, Rhey Haggerty, Jason R. Jurjevich, Charles Rynerson

Oregon Population Forecast Program

Different parts of the County experience different growth patterns. Local trends within UGBs and the area outside them collectively influence population growth rates for the County as a whole.

Grant County’s sub-areas include Canyon City, Dayville, Granite, John Day, Long Creek, Monument, Mount Vernon, Prairie City, and Seneca. Grant County’s total population declined slightly in the 2000s; however, some of its sub-areas experienced faster population growth during this period. Canyon City, Dayville, and Granite, for example, posted positive average annual growth rates during the 2000 to 2010 period.

The sporadic population growth that did occur in Grant County in the …

Coordinated Population Forecast For Wheeler County, Its Urban Growth Boundaries (Ugb), And Area Outside Ugbs 2019-2069, Portland State University. Population Research Center, Nicholas Chun, Kevin Rancik, Rhey Haggerty, Jason R. Jurjevich, Charles Rynerson

Oregon Population Forecast Program

Different parts of the County experience different growth patterns. Local trends within UGBs and the area outside them collectively influence population growth rates for the County as a whole. UGBs in Wheeler County include Fossil, Mitchell, and Spray.

Wheeler County’s total population had minimal decline in the 2000s. However, some of its sub-areas did experience population growth during this period. Spray, for example, grew 1.6 percent on average annually during the 2000 to 2010 period.

The population decline in the 2000s stemmed from consistent natural decrease and stretches of net out-migration. An aging population not only led to an increase …

Coordinated Population Forecast For Sherman County, Its Urban Growth Boundaries (Ugb), And Area Outside Ugbs 2019-2069, Portland State University. Population Research Center, Nicholas Chun, Kevin Rancik, Rhey Haggerty, Jason R. Jurjevich, Charles Rynerson

Oregon Population Forecast Program

Different parts of the County experience different growth patterns. Local trends within UGBs and the area outside them collectively influence population growth rates for the County as a whole. UGBs in Sherman County include Grass Valley, Moro, Rufus, and Wasco.

Sherman County’s total population declined the 2000s. Wasco was the only UGB to experience population growth, while all other UGBs declined between 0.4 and 0.7 percent. The area outside of the UGBs experienced a greater decline of 2.3 percent.

The population decline in 2000s was largely the result of net out-migration and periods of natural decrease. An aging population not …

Coordinated Population Forecast For Wallowa County, Its Urban Growth Boundaries (Ugb), And Area Outside Ugbs 2019-2069, Portland State University. Population Research Center, Nicholas Chun, Kevin Rancik, Rhey Haggerty, Jason R. Jurjevich, Charles Rynerson

Oregon Population Forecast Program

Different parts of the County experience different growth patterns. Local trends within UGBs and the area outside them collectively influence population growth rates for the County as a whole. UGBs in Wallowa include Enterprise, Joseph, Lostine, and the city of Wallowa.

Wallowa County’s total population had minimal decline in the 2000s; however, population change varied across sub-areas. Enterprise, for example, posted an average annual growth rate of 0.3 percent during the 2000 to 2010 period.

The population decline in the 2000s stemmed from a consistent natural decrease with sporadic stretches of net out-migation. An aging population not only led to …

Coordinated Population Forecast For Baker County, Its Urban Growth Boundaries (Ugb), And Area Outside Ugbs 2019-2069, Portland State University. Population Research Center, Nicholas Chun, Kevin Rancik, Rhey Haggerty, Jason R. Jurjevich, Charles Rynerson

Oregon Population Forecast Program

Different parts of the County experience different growth patterns. Local trends within UGBs and the area outside them collectively influence population growth rates for the County as a whole. UGBs in Baker County include Baker City, Greenhorn, Haines, Halfway, Huntington, Richland, Sumpter, and Unity.

Baker County’s total population declined slightly in the 2000s; however, some of its sub-areas experienced faster population decline during this period, while others experienced growth. Richland, for example, posted the highest average annual growth rate at 2 percent during the 2000 to 2010 period, while Unity posted the lowest average annual growth rate of -5.9 percent. …

Coordinated Population Forecast For Gilliam County, Its Urban Growth Boundaries (Ugb), And Area Outside Ugbs 2019-2069, Portland State University. Population Research Center, Nicholas Chun, Kevin Rancik, Rhey Haggerty, Jason R. Jurjevich, Charles Rynerson

Oregon Population Forecast Program

Different parts of the County experience different growth patterns. Local trends within UGBs and the area outside them collectively influence population growth rates for the County as a whole. UGBs in Gilliam County include Arlington, Condon, and Lonerock.

Gilliam County’s total population declined slightly in the 2000s; however, its largest sub-area, Arlington, experienced population growth during this period.

The population growth that did occur in Gilliam County in the 2000s was largely the result of net in-migration. An aging population not only led to an increase in deaths but also resulted in a smaller proportion of women in their childbearing …