Digital Commons Network^™

The Fisheries Of The Lower Columbia River, 1792 To 1850, Based On Euroamerican Explorer And Fur Company Accounts, Michael A. Martin

Dissertations and Theses

The role of fish in the Native American economy of the lower Columbia River has never been considered in detail. My study focused on the Columbia River from its mouth to the Cascades and the Willamette River from its confluence with the Columbia to Willamette Falls. For this study I asked: How was salmon used? What other fish were important? Where and how were these fish taken and used?

To address these questions, I evaluated historical documents, including explorer's accounts and the administrative records of fur companies dating from the late 1700's through the 1850's. I used fishery data, physical …

Uncertainty Quantification Of Satellite Precipitation Estimation And Monte Carlo Assessment Of The Error Propagation Into Hydrologic Response, Hamid Moradkhani, Yang Hong, Soroosh Sorooshian

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The aim of this paper is to foster the development of an end-to-end uncertainty analysis framework that can quantify satellite-based precipitation estimation error characteristics and to assess the influence of the error propagation into hydrological simulation. First, the error associated with the satellite-based precipitation estimates is assumed as a nonlinear function of rainfall space-time integration scale, rain intensity, and sampling frequency. Parameters of this function are determined by using high-resolution satellite-based precipitation estimates and gauge-corrected radar rainfall data over the southwestern United States. Parameter sensitivity analysis at 16 selected 5ø ? 5ø latitude-longitude grids shows about 12?16% of variance of …

Unifying The Theories Of Inclusive Fitness And Reciprocal Altruism, Jeffrey Alan Fletcher, Martin Zwick

Complex Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

Inclusive fitness and reciprocal altruism are widely thought to be distinct explanations for how altruism evolves. Here we show that they rely on the same underlying mechanism. We demonstrate this commonality by applying Hamilton’s rule, normally associated with inclusive fitness, to two simple models of reciprocal altruism: one, an iterated prisoner’s dilemma model with conditional behavior; the other, a mutualistic symbiosis model where two interacting species differ in conditional behaviors, fitness benefits, and costs. We employ Queller’s generalization of Hamilton’s rule because the traditional version of this rule does not apply when genotype and phenotype frequencies differ or when fitness …

Meeting Notes 2006-07-13 , Joint Policy Advisory Committee On Transportation

Joint Policy Advisory Committee on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Regional Travel Options 2004-05 Program Evaluation, Jennifer Dill

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Regional Travel Options contracted with the Portland State University Center for Urban Studies to evaluate all program efforts over the 2004-05 fiscal year. Services provided were shown in relationship to the Regional Travel Options program 5-year strategic plan. The level of participation, satisfaction and the use of alternative travel options were measured where possible. Finally, the extent to which programs supported RTO objectives and connections to other regional goals was assessed. Results included auto-trip reductions. Recommendations for improving data collection were made. Each RTO-partner program is detailed individually in the appendices.

Fuzzy Cognitive Maps For Engineering And Technology Management: What Works In Practice?, Antonie J. Jetter

Engineering and Technology Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Due to a lack of available data, many early planning decisions in engineering and technology management have to be based on experts' opinions and their qualitative statements about evolving technologies, markets and general business environments. Several authors have suggested the use of fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs) to analytically support these decisions with simulation models that can cope with qualitative information. However, only little practice experience is documented. Based on multiple case studies and an extensive literature review, the paper reviews the state-of-the-art of FCM-practice and introduces a six-step guideline for practitioners and researchers who wish to apply FCMs to real-world …

Focal Point, Volume 20 Number 02, Portland State University. Regional Research Institute

Research and Training Center - Focal Point

This issue of Focal Point describes the need for, and provides examples of, new strategies for meeting the mental health needs of children and adolescents involved with the juvenile justice system.

Meeting Notes 2006-06-22 , Joint Policy Advisory Committee On Transportation

Joint Policy Advisory Committee on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Lexical Choices In War Headlines: A Case Study, Jesse T. Harrington

Dissertations and Theses

Since most of our knowledge about current events such as wars in foreign countries comes via news reports, the ability to recognize bias in news media is an important skill. Linguistic discourse analysis is one way in which one can identify the unconscious biases evident in otherwise objective news. Patterns in positive and negative word choices can show which news actors a news organization identifies with and which an organization assumes to be suspect or ill-motivated.

The purpose of this study was to find such patterns in word choices from the war in Iraq. To this end, headlines were gathered …

The Portland Spectator, Summer 2006, Portland State University. Student Publications Board

Portland Spectator

Editor: Crystal Joele Rea

Articles in this issue include: Taxes:When taxpayer money disappears and thee is nothing left to spend...; A storm still worth watching: Katrina has been placed in the back of most American minds... but it is still a daily issue for survivors; Are you a Democrat? Addressing the issue of national healthcare... what does it really mean?; Freedom fest: A large turnout creates hopes for the College Republicans as the 2006-2007 school year begins; Columbia River Classic: Car races for the racing fan within.

A Market-Based Framework For Semiconductor Industry Growth The Reduced Ecological Impart, Dawood Sulieman Abugharbieh

Dissertations and Theses

Reducing the ecological impact of industrial development is an emerging trend that affords companies the opportunity to gain competitive advantage. Semiconductor manufacturers have specifically identified ecological impact as a strategic variable that presents a long-term challenge. The socioeconomic nature of the ecological impact construct increases decision-making complexity in a manner that is not typical in business-to-business contexts. To account for social and economic aspects, this study utilized a cognitive structure-based model. Such models have been successfully utilized in consumer and industrial markets as adaptable frameworks that can encompass social and economic constructs.

This research focuses on linking two ecological constructs …

Meeting Notes 2006-06-08 , Joint Policy Advisory Committee On Transportation

Joint Policy Advisory Committee on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Faculty Senate Monthly Packet June 2006, Portland State University Faculty Senate

Faculty Senate Monthly Packets

The June 2006 Monthly packet includes the appendices and the Faculty Senate minutes and attachments from the meeting held June 2006

Noise Induced Hearing Loss In Children: Preventing The Silent Epidemic, William Hal Martin, Judith L. Sobel, Susan E. Griest, Linda Howarth, Shi Yongbing

Community Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Noise-induced hearing loss and related tinnitus are often unrecognized problems, especially in non-occupational settings. Research indicates that increasing numbers of children and adolescents have or are acquiring noise induced hearing losses. Noise induced hearing loss can almost completely be prevented with simple precautionary measures. Educational programs rarely exist outside of those mandated in occupational settings. Health Communication theory can be applied to hearing health for developing effective loss prevention programs. Dangerous Decibels is one example of an effective multi-disciplinary effort to develop and disseminated prevention strategies.

Digital Collection Management Through The Library Catalog, Michaela Brenner, Thomas W. Larsen, Claudia Weston

Library Faculty and Staff Publications and Presentations

Digitization has bestowed upon librarians and archivists of the late 20th and early 21st centuries the opportunity to reexamine how they access their collections. It draws these two traditional groups together with IT specialists in order to collaborate on this new great challenge. In this paper, the authors offer a strategy for adapting a library system to traditional archival practice.

Avian Affairs: A Study Of The Occurrence And Benefits Of Extra-Pair Breeding Behavior In Eastern Kingbirds (Tyrannus Tyrannus), Amy Catherine Dolan

Dissertations and Theses

Over three consecutive breeding seasons I examined the breeding system of Eastern Kingbirds in Malheur National Wildlife Refuge in SE, Oregon. To assess genetic paternity, I optimized seven microsatellite markers and determined that extra pair paternity was common. Extra-pair young were present in approximately 60% of nests, representing 47% of young. I examined implications of extra-pair paternity from three perspectives.

First, I examined the impact of extra-pair paternity on the opportunity for sexual selection within a socially monogamous system and identified correlates of male reproductive success. Some males were successful at the expense of others, and 24% of males did …

Culturally Competent Management Certificate Training Program (Ccmct), Masami Nishishiba, Amy Pearson, Portland State University. Executive Leadership Institute

Center for Public Service Publications and Reports

In its 2003-2008 Diversity Development Strategic Initiative, The City of Portland’s Citywide Diversity Development Coordinating Committee (CDDCC) recommended cultural competency training for managers and employees as a strategy to improve citywide performance in diversity development, affirmative action/EEO, and ADA. In addition, as part of the Mayor’s Bureau Innovation Project, Mayor Tom Potter and the City Council identified increasing diversity and cultural awareness as one of the key areas of priority for the City’s 19 bureaus. In response to these recommendations, the City of Portland’s Bureau of Human Resources (BHR) submitted a request for proposals (RFP) for assistance in the design, …

Transportation Collaboration In The States, National Policy Consensus Center

National Policy Consensus Center Publications

Initiated in the summer of 2005 under contract to the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), this project focused on the use of collaborative practices to address a range of transportation planning and development issues.

The project had four primary objectives:

• develop increased awareness among state officials of opportunities for the use of collaborative processes and collaborative governance systems in the transportation arena;
• identify one or more transportation collaboration opportunity in at least two states;
• identify collaborative training opportunities;
• develop and test a detailed assessment tool for use in identifying and designing transportation collaborations.

This project was conducted by the National Policy …

Children’S Perceptions Of The Learning Environment And Aesthetic Qualities Within Their Classroom, Sheryl Reinisch

Dissertations and Theses

Primary grade children spend considerable time in elementary school classrooms. The learning environment can play a powerful role in the physical, emotional, social, and cognitive development of a child (Bredekamp & Copple, 1997). The aesthetic dimension is particularly intriguing. Studies positively link the condition of schools to student achievement and behavior (Earthman, Cash, & Van Berkum, 1995; Yarbrough, 2001). Educational literature often addresses the topic of learning environments; however, a key ingredient seems to be missing, the voices of children. If children are spending so much time in these settings, what do they notice? This study addresses the fundamental …

Exploring Interethnic Dialogue Design, Stephen Hiroshi Gilchrist

Dissertations and Theses

Dialogue is a process that can help change the culture of our organizations and communities to better respond to interpersonal and intergroup conflict. Dialogue brings people together, in a safe environment, to reflect on and transform their assumptions that are often the root cause of conflict. Deepening the understanding of interethnic dialogue and conflict resolution can have a significant effect, not only in our organizations and local communities, but in helping create a strong and vibrant democracy.

Many organizations across the United States are currently involved in organizing interethnic dialogues. Each organization has developed a unique approach to the design …

Redrawing The Color Line : A Case Study Of The Alliance Of Minority Chambers Of Commerce In Portland, Oregon, Francisca Inez Trujillo-Dalbey

Dissertations and Theses

This study focused on a minority coalition formed in 2002 to secure municipal parking lot contracts in the City of Portland, Oregon. It is grounded in Bates and Howell's (1998) theory of barriers to minority entrepreneurship. The minority group's actions are applied to Butler (1991), Prabhu (1999), and Dees' (2001) theory of social entrepreneurship. The formation of the coalition provides empirical support for Allport (195411979) and Pettigrew's (1998) positive intergroup contact theory.

The creation of minority group coalitions for community economic development purposes, using the chamber of commerce structure, adds to the community economic development literature. Further, the intercultural communication …

Meeting Notes 2006-05-11 , Joint Policy Advisory Committee On Transportation

Joint Policy Advisory Committee on Transportation

No abstract provided.

Early Moral Sense : Behavioral Self-Regulation, Temperament, And Prosocial Behavior In Young Children In Child-Centered Classrooms, Elizabeth Alliene Vale

Dissertations and Theses

Development of moral sense is a fundamental part of human development and the earliest manifestations of moral sense are of particular interest because it may be important to foster these behaviors early in life. However, despite many important discoveries about these moral sense behaviors over the last several decades, no consensus exists as to how these behaviors emerge and differ as a function of age.

The primary goal of the current research was to explore the development of multiple behaviors that reflect moral sense in very young children, aged 4 to 36 months. More specifically, the goals were: (1) to …

Job Insecurity And Work-Family Conflict: The Organizational, Situational, And Individual Influences On The Job Strain Process, Khatera Sahibzada

Dissertations and Theses

Globalization, new technologies, downsizing, and a shift from manufacturing to service-based economies have led to an increase in job insecurity, resulting in deleterious effects on employee work attitudes and behaviors. However, the literature has failed to examine the impact of job insecurity on work-family outcomes. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between job insecurity and work-family conflict. The specific research questions addressed were: (a) does job strain mediate the relationship between job insecurity and work-family conflict? and (b) is the relationship between job insecurity and work-family conflict moderated by individual, situational and organizational perceptions? …

Initial Institutionalization Of Sustainable Production In State Of Oregon Policy; An Exploration Of Regime Politics During The Kitzhaber Administration, 1995-2002, Alex Welsch

Dissertations and Theses

Worldwide, institutions are incorporating sustainable development discourse into policy. Case studies of regional institutionalizations of sustainable development can inform scholars, policy makers and policy entrepreneurs as they interact with sustainable development agendas. This dissertation examined initial institutionalization of sustainable production in State of Oregon policy and explored the role of regime politics during Governor Kitzhaber's administration, 1995-2002. Discourse analysis, implementation analysis, advocacy coalition analysis and categories and criteria from literatures on policy history and the operationalization of sustainable development were used to analyze the character and strength of Oregon's institutionalization. This research found that, as suggested by regime theory, political …

Is It Just Me? Felt Hiv -Related Stigma Among Adults With Hiv, Rebecca Gila Block

Dissertations and Theses

HIV carries a significant social stigma in the United States based on the virus being contagious, incurable, visually apparent, and still somewhat mysterious to the public. People who are HIV positive, people who love them and people who work with them may all experience HIV-related stigma. The effects of HIV-related stigma vary from individual to individual; from community to community. The magnitude of feeling stigmatized and experiencing stigmatizing behaviors such as discrimination and exclusion also vary among individuals. Individuals experience stigma differently and respond to the experience in diverse ways.

The objective of this study was to explore felt HIV-related …

From "Sit And Listen" Of "Shake It Out Yourself" : Helping Urban Middle School Students To Bridge Personal Knowledge To Scientific Knowledge Through A Collaborative Environmental Justice Curriculum, Shamu Fenyvesi Sadeh

Dissertations and Theses

Science education and environmental education are not meeting the needs of marginalized communities such as urban, minority, and poor communities (Seller, 2001; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EPA], 1996). There exists an equity gap characterized by the racial and socioeconomic disparities in: levels of participation in scientific and environmental careers and environmental organizations (Lewis & James, 1995; Sheppard, 1995), access to appropriate environmental education programs (U.S. EPA, 1996), exposure to environmental toxins (Bullard, 1993), access to environmental amenities and legal protections (Bullard, 1993), and in grades and standardized test scores in K-12 science (Jencks & Phillips, 1998; Johnston & Viadero, 2000). …

First Impressions : A Study Of The Relationship Between Presenting Problems And Clinical Perception, Holly Elizabeth Fussell

Dissertations and Theses

Processes involved in clinical perception typically result in tangible outcomes of interest to clients and practitioners (e.g., diagnoses). In developing an overall impression of clients, practitioners integrate information related to target problems clients present. Substance abuse counselors, in particular, are increasingly being asked to assess clients for co-occurring problems. Domestic violence has been identified as a particularly salient co-occurring problem associated with substance abuse.

This dissertation draws on theory by Solomon Asch (1946, 1952) to examine how presenting problems such as domestic violence shape clinical outcomes and processes in substance abuse assessment interviews. Most clinical interactions occur, however, under confidential …

Portland State Magazine, Portland State University. Office Of University Communications

Portland State Magazine

PSU’s alumni magazine, published 2-3 times a year. In this issue: Portland State’s campaign to raise $100 million is exceeding its goal and establishing new prominence in scholarship, research, and teaching; enthusiastic engineering students are up for the challenge of high-altitude balloons; this professor puts his money in something that makes mathematical sense: poker; for two June graduates and two Vanport alumni, the university provides vastly different experiences; abuse of foreign maids in Asia and the Middle East caught Patrick Augustine’s attention—enough to make him do something about it; and more.

The Interactions Between Carbon Regulation And Renewable Energy Policies In The United Kingdom, Hal Thomas Nelson

Dissertations and Theses

The power sector is experiencing profound changes worldwide as policies are enacted to address the linkages between energy use and environmental degradation, as well as improve energy security and local economic development outcomes. This research examines the carbon dioxide (CO2) cap and the renewable energy quota in the United Kingdom's power sector using a constrained optimization model of the U.K. electricity grid. Scenarios simulate the dynamic nature of the supply curve for CO2 mitigation based on the availability of nuclear technologies, energy efficiency investments, fossil fuel prices, and access to emissions reductions from the EU CO2 Cap.

The analysis shows …