Digital Commons Network^™

Patient Empowerment Via Mobile Personal Health Records And Mobile Health Applications: A Review Of The Current Use, Abdulaziz S. Alhomod, Saeed Alzahrani

Engineering and Technology Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Consumer empowerment has gained a significant attention in the medical field recently, and despite the ambiguity of its definitions, elements and measurement tools, it is apparent that mobile and other communication technology can play a major role in keeping patients informed, involved and empowered. This paper aims to explore methods by which mobile applications contribute to consumer empowerment and allowed enhanced patient control over their health.

Using Learning Outcomes To Engage Community And Drive Iteration, Jacen Greene

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this Chapter, Jacen Greene, Director of the Impact Entrepreneurs program at Portland State University’s School of Business, shares learning outcomes for PSU’s Certificate in Social Innovation and Social Entrepreneurship. The chapter is based on an interview Ashoka U conducted with Greene in May of 2018.

Cathedral Mobility: A Mobility Strategy For Cathedral Park Neighborhood 2019, Chad Vinson Tucker, Ian Clancy, Erik Memmott

Master of Urban and Regional Planning Workshop Projects

The Cathedral Park Neighborhood is a wonderful area to live with beautiful parks and a vibrant commercial center. Unfortunately, the current transportation infrastructure makes it difficult to access everything this neighborhood has to offer without a car. A few of the transportation issues with which current residents must contend are:

• The neighborhood has no bike lanes or marked crosswalks.
• Several streets dead-end because of steep terrain issues.
• The steepness also makes it difficult or impossible for many people, including older persons or people with disabilities, to access the river and Cathedral Park.
• Many streets are unpaved and uncomfortable to use. …

Research Clinics: An Alternative Model For Large-Scale Information Literacy Instruction, Glenn Koelling, Lori Townsend

Communications in Information Literacy

This article describes the pilot year of a new model for information literacy instruction in first-year composition classes at the University of New Mexico. The flipped classroom model, the Association of College and Research Libraries Framework for Information Literacy in Higher Education, and challenges to library staffing sparked the implementation of research clinics, which are a blend of a flipped classroom and a research/reference consultation. These clinics are designed to meet students at their point of need for research projects and allow students to choose what sort of library help will be the most beneficial at that moment. At …

Conformational Communication Mediates The Reset Step In T6a Biosynthesis, Amit Luthra, Naduni Paranagama, William Swinehart, Susan Bayooz, Phuc Phan, Vanessa Quach, Jamie M. Schiffer, Boguslaw Stec, Dirk Iwata-Reuyl, Manal A. Swairjo

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

The universally conserved N 6-threonylcarbamoylade nosine (t 6 A) modification of tRNA is essential for translational fidelity. In bacteria, t 6 A biosynthesis starts with the TsaC/TsaC2-catalyzed synthesis of the intermediate threonylcarbamoyl adenylate (TC-AMP), followed by transfer of the threonylcarbamoyl (TC) moiety to adenine-37 of tRNA by the TC-transfer complex comprised of TsaB, TsaD and TsaE sub-units and possessing an ATPase activity required for multi-turnover of the t 6 A cycle. We report a 2.5-˚ A crystal structure of the T. maritima TC-transfer complex (TmTsaB 2 D 2 E 2) bound to Mg 2+-ATP in the AT-Pase site, and substrate …

Elq-331 As A Prototype For Extremely Durable Chemoprotection Against Malaria, Martin J. Smilkstein, Sovitj Pou, Alina Krollenbrock, Lisa A. Bleyle, Rozalia A. Dodean, Lisa Frueh, David J. Hinrichs, Multiple Additional Authors

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

The potential benefits of long-acting injectable chemoprotection (LAI-C) against malaria have been recently recognized, prompting a call for suitable candidate drugs to help meet this need. On the basis of its known pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profiles after oral dosing, ELQ-331, a prodrug of the parasite mitochondrial electron transport inhibitor ELQ-300, was selected for study of pharmacokinetics and efficacy as LAI-C in mice.

Four trials were conducted in which mice were injected with a single intramuscular dose of ELQ-331 or other ELQ-300 prodrugs in sesame oil with 1.2% benzyl alcohol; the ELQ-300 content of the doses ranged from 2.5 to 30 …

Consumer Satisfaction With Aging & Disability Resource Connection Of Oregon: Round 6, Diana L. White, Allyson Stodola

Institute on Aging Publications

This report describes findings from the sixth consumer satisfaction survey conducted with consumers or family members who are served by the Aging and Disability Resource Connection (ADRC) of Oregon, focusing on Call Center staff (or Information, Referral and Assistance; IR&A) and recipients of options counseling services. The Institute on Aging at Portland State University directed the project, partnering with Washington State University Social & Economic Research Center, who conducted the telephone survey between February 27 and April 5, 2019.

Shared Medical Appointments And Patient-Centered Experience: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review, Kim H. Wadsworth, Trevor G. Archibald, Allison E. Payne, Anita K. Cleary, Byron L. Haney, Adam S. Hoverman

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Shared medical appointments (SMAs), or group visits, are a healthcare delivery method with the potential to improve chronic disease management and preventive care. In this review, we sought to better understand opportunities, barriers, and limitations to SMAs based on patient experience in the primary care context.

Methods: An experienced biomedical librarian conducted literature searches of PubMed, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and SSRN for peer-reviewed publications published 1997 or after. We searched grey literature, nonempirical reports, social science publications, and citations from published systematic reviews. The search yielded 1359 papers, including qualitative, quantitative, …

Internet Addiction, Smartphone Addiction, And Hikikomori Trait In Japanese Young Adult: Social Isolation And Social Network, Masaru Tateno, Alan R. Teo, Wataru Ukai, Junichiro Kanazawa, Ryoko Katsuki, Hiroaki Kubo, Takahiro A. Kato

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: As the number of internet users increases, problems related to internet overuse are becoming more and more serious. Adolescents and youth may be particularly attracted to and preoccupied with various online activities. In this study, we investigated the relationship of internet addiction, smartphone addiction, and the risk of hikikomori, severe social withdrawal, in Japanese young adult.

Methods: The subjects were 478 college/university students in Japan. They were requested to complete the study questionnaire, which consisted of questions about demographics, internet use, the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS)–Short Version (SV), the 25-item Hikikomori Questionnaire …

Use Of Single Irbs For Multi-Site Studies: A Case Report And Commentary From A National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network Study, Ceilidh Nichols, Lynn E. Kunkel, Robin Baker, Eve Jelstrom, Megan Addis, Kim Hoffman, Dennis Mccarty, P. Todd Korthuis

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Recent NIH policy stipulates that multi-site studies must use a single or IRB (Institutional Review Board) in order to streamline the review process while maintaining standards for human subjects protection. The Western States Node of the Clinical Trials Network (CTN) used a single IRB for protocol CTN-0067, a clinical trial testing the use of an opioid antagonist (extended-release naltrexone) versus opioid agonists (buprenorphine or methadone) for opioid use disorders among individuals living with HIV. This case study discusses the processes and challenges associated with use of a single IRB. These lessons are also informed by other single IRB experiences within …

Impacts Of An Opioid Overdose Prevention Intervention Delivered Subsequent To Acute Care, Caleb J. Banta-Green, Phillip O. Coffin, Joseph O. Merrill, Jeanne M. Sears, Chris Dunn, Norbert D. Yanez, Multiple Additional Authors

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background Opioid overdose is a major and increasing cause of injury and death. There is an urgent need for interventions to reduce overdose events among high-risk persons.

Methods Adults at elevated risk for opioid overdose involving heroin or pharmaceutical opioids who had been cared for in an emergency department (ED) were randomised to overdose education combined with a brief behavioural intervention and take-home naloxone or usual care. Outcomes included: (1) time to first opioid overdose-related event resulting in medical attention or death using competing risks survival analysis; and (2) ED visit and hospitalisation rates, using negative binomial regression and adjusting …

Making The Business Case For An Addiction Medicine Consult Service: A Qualitative Analysis, Kelsey C. Priest, Dennis Mccarty

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background

As the drug poisoning crisis worsens in North America and opioid use disorder (OUD)-related hospital admissions increase, policymakers and hospital administrators are beginning to recognize the important role of hospitals in the OUD care continuum. This study explores and describes how U.S. addiction medicine physicians created and presented business propositions to hospital administrators to support the development of addiction medicine consult (AMC) services.

Methods

Fifteen qualitative interviews were completed with board-certified or board-eligible addiction medicine physicians from 14 U.S. hospitals. The interviews occurred as part of a broader mixed methods study exploring hospital service delivery for patients admitted with …

Barriers And Facilitators To Recruitment And Enrollment Of Hiv-Infected Individuals With Opioid Use Disorder In A Clinical Trial, Kim Hoffman, Robin Baker, Lynn Elizabeth Kunkel, Elizabeth Needham Waddell, Paula J. Lum, Dennis Mccarty, P. Todd Korthuis

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background

The CTN-0067 CHOICES trial tests implementation of extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX) versus treatment-as-usual (TAU) for opioid use disorders (OUD) in HIV clinics to improve HIV viral suppression. The study team investigated recruitment strategies to elucidate the barriers and facilitators to recruitment and enrollment in the study.

Main text

Methods: Semi-structured, in-depth, digitally recorded interviews were completed with study recruitment-related staff and medical providers (n = 26) from six participating HIV clinics in the fall of 2018. Interviews probed 1) factors that might prevent prospective participants from engaging in study recruitment and enrollment procedures and 2) strategies used by study …

Answers Without Words, Anke Schüttler

Answers Without Words

Answers Without Words was a photographic exchange between imprisoned artists from Columbia River Correctional Institution in North Portland, Oregon, and photographers from many places around the world.

CRCI/Free Mind Collective/ A project by, for and with: Quandrell Dumas, Elsa Leydier, Donald Ray Tunis, Maria Jauregui Ponte, Tom Price, Torsten Schumann, Monika Sala, J Barclay, Mischa Christen, Isabel Kiesewetter, Richard Lundquist, Anna Drvnik, Musonda Mwango, Maren Winkler, Joshua Wright, Øyvind Hjelmen, Ben Hall, Sara Lamens, Ivan Jaramillo, Birgit Krause, Donsha Jackson, Tay Kay Chin, Justin Fin Cannon, Kathleen McIntyre, Daniel Bluestein, Dafna Talmon, Joey Lucero, Alice Myers, Michael Brown, Gemma-Rose Turnbull, …

How Does The Primary Market Value Innovations Of Newly Public Firms?, Qin Lian, Qiming Wang

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

We investigate whether and how the primary market values the innovations of newly public firms at their initial public offerings (IPOs) by examining the link between the size (the number of patents) and the quality (citation count) of their patent portfolios and IPO valuations. We find that the number of patents, the citation count, and innovation efficiency (IE; patents or citations scaled by research and development expenditure) are positively associated with offer price multiples but the effect of the number of patents subsumes that of the citation count/IE. There is no significant effect of patent portfolios on price revisions or …

Campus Sustainability Office Annual Report, 2018-2019, Campus Sustainability Office

Campus Sustainability Office Publications, Reports and Presentations

The Campus Sustainability Office 2018-2019 annual report.

Female Sex And Cardiovascular Disease Risk In Rural Uganda: A Cross-Sectional, Population-Based Study, Itai M. Magodoro, Maggie Feng, Crystal North, Dagmar Vořechovská, John D. Kraemer, Bernard Kakuhikire, David Bangsberg, Alexander C. Tsai, Mark J. Siedner

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background:

Sex-based differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden are widely acknowledged, with male sex considered a risk factor in high-income settings. However, these relationships have not been examined in sub- Saharan Africa (SSA). We aimed to apply the American Heart Association (AHA) ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) tool modified by the addition of C-reactive protein (CRP) to examine potential sex-based differences in the prevalence of CVD risk in rural Uganda.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study nested within a population-wide census, 857 community-living adults completed physical and laboratory-based assessments to calculate individual ideal CVH metrics including an eight category for CRP levels. …

Art Adherence And Viral Suppression Are High Among Most Non-Pregnant Individuals With Early-Stage, Asymptomatic Hiv Infection: An Observational Study From Uganda And South Africa, Jessica E. Haberer, Bosco M. Bwana, Catherine Orrell, Stephen Asiimwe, Gideon Amanyire, Nicholas Musinguzi, Mark J. Siedner, Lynn T. Matthews, Alexander Tsai, Ingrid T. Katz, Kathleen Bell, Annet Kembabazi, Stephen Mugisha, Victoria Kibirige, Anna Cross, Nicola Kelly, Bethany Hedt-Gauthie, David R. Bangsberg

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Introduction

The success of universal antiretroviral therapy (ART) access and aspirations for an AIDS‐free generation depend on high adherence in individuals initiating ART during early‐stage HIV infection; however, adherence may be difficult in the absence of illness and associated support.

Methods

From March 2015 to October 2017, we prospectively observed three groups initiating ART in routine care in Uganda and South Africa: men and non‐pregnant women with early‐stage HIV infection (CD4 > 350 cells/μL), pregnant women with early‐stage HIV infection and men and non‐pregnant women with late‐stage HIV infection (CD4 < 200 cells/μL). Socio‐behavioural questionnaires were administered and viral loads were performed at 0, 6 and 12 months. Adherence was monitored electronically.

Results

Adherence data were available for 869 participants: 322 (37%) early/non‐pregnant, …

Building The Case For Culturally Specific P-3 Strategies In Oregon: Listening To Voices From The Field, Callie H. Lambarth, Amanda Cross-Hemmer, Lorelei Mitchell, Beth L. Green, Kate Normand

Early Childhood

Oregon’s early learning and K-12 systems require transformative changes to address racial disparities in school readiness and success. Prenatal-through-Grade-3 (P-3) initiatives are an innovative way to align, strengthen and expand supports for this goal.

Culturally specific organizations (CSOs) are uniquely poised and expertly prepared to meet the needs of communities of color while helping Oregon achieve its goals for reducing disparities in kinder­garten readiness and other educational outcomes.

The proposed Early Childhood Equity Fund, which is included in the governor’s recommended 2019 budget, would move Oregon closer to eliminating the opportunity gap in kindergarten readiness and school success by investing …

Through The Looking Glass: Viewing First-Year Composition Through The Lens Of Information Literacy, Alexandria Chisholm, Brett Spencer

Communications in Information Literacy

This paper presents a case study of how librarians can situate themselves as pedagogical partners by bringing their unique information literacy perspective and expertise to the programmatic assessment process. This report resulted from the Thun Library and the Penn State Berks Composition Program's collaboration to assess the institution’s first-year composition (FYC) course. From previous programmatic assessments of their students’ work, the faculty had a sense that students struggled with source use in their rhetoric but found it difficult to pinpoint students’ exact source issues. By adapting a rubric theoretically-grounded in the ACRL Framework to deconstruct the concept of source use …

The Context Of Authority And Sociological Knowledge: An Experiential Learning Project, Julia F. Waity, Stephanie Crowe

Communications in Information Literacy

In this innovative project, a social sciences librarian partnered with a sociology professor to embed the “Authority is Constructed and Contextual” frame into an upper-division sociology of poverty course. Students in this course participated in an experiential learning project, collaborating with local children on a participatory photo mapping project to document the children’s neighborhood. By working directly with community members in this field experience, the students gained an understanding of the differences between scholarly authority and community authority and what can be learned about poverty from each type of source. Engagement with a local community provides students with a direct …

Analyzing The Laws Of Mil: A Five-Step Scientific Conversation On Critical Information Literacy, Andréa Doyle

Communications in Information Literacy

This essay mixes epistemological considerations on truth and science, a critical information literacy exercise on the 5 Laws of MIL (Media and Information Literacy), LIS theory and international experience reports. It is constructed in five parts, in line with the 5 Laws of Media and Information Literacy (Grizzle & Singh, 2016) and Ranganathan’s laws (1931). First, a critique of the Laws of MIL is presented; then a specific social context puts the first part into perspective; the feedback from the international community on the first two is followed by new research on library/MIL laws; and finally, matters of space, readers, …

Review Of Learner-Centered Pedagogy: Principles And Practice, Rachel A. Koenig

Communications in Information Literacy

No abstract provided.

Review Of Disciplinary Applications Of Information Literacy Threshold Concepts, Carolyn Cunningham

Communications in Information Literacy

No abstract provided.

Libraries And Fake News: What’S The Problem? What’S The Plan?, Matthew C. Sullivan

Communications in Information Literacy

This article surveys the library and information science (LIS) response to the problems of fake news and misinformation from the 2016 U.S. presidential election to the end of 2018, focusing on how librarians and other information professionals in the United States have articulated the problems and the paths forward for combating them. Additionally, the article attempts to locate the LIS response in a larger interdisciplinary misinformation research program, provide commentary on the response in view of that research program, and lay out both a possible research agenda for the field and practical next steps for educators ahead of the 2020 …

Conceptual And Procedural Knowledge: A Framework For Analyzing Point-Of-Need Information Literacy Instruction, Amy Vanscoy

Communications in Information Literacy

The information literacy instruction (ILI) that occurs during a spontaneous information interaction, such as at the reference desk, is not clearly defined and not extensively researched. It differs, however, from classroom ILI, with its lesson plans, carefully considered learning outcomes, and planned learning activities. This paper uses the framework of conceptual and procedural knowledge, drawn from education research, to analyze point-of-need ILI. Digital reference transcripts were analyzed using this framework, and examples of ILI from the transcripts were categorized to make sense of how conceptual and procedural knowledge manifest in point-of-need ILI. This conceptual/procedural focus acknowledges the unique context of …

From Syndication To Misinformation: How Undergraduate Students Engage With And Evaluate Digital News, Cara Evanson, Jayme Sponsel

Communications in Information Literacy

To determine how undergraduate students engage with digital news, researchers at Davidson College surveyed 511 incoming first-year students on their news consumption habits and asked them to evaluate screenshots of news stories. The researchers found that a high percentage of the students were accessing news through social media platforms, and that syndication and fake URLs posed challenges for them in making accurate evaluations. Additionally, students indicated they would share a tweet containing an impostor URL at higher rates than they would share the other news story examples. The findings have implications for how educators teach students to evaluate misinformation.

Academic Librarians’ Experiences As Faculty Developers: A Phenomenographic Study, Michael Flierl, Clarence Maybee, Rachel Fundator

Communications in Information Literacy

Academic libraries are integral to the teaching and learning missions of colleges and universities. Yet, libraries continue to face substantial challenges in their work to advance student learning, especially regarding the sustainability and scalability of their instructional efforts. This paper describes a phenomenographic research project that investigated the varied experiences of Purdue University Libraries faculty members participating in the IMPACT faculty development program. The findings suggest that academic librarians are capable of acting as faculty developers who can engage faculty in conversations, which may or may not relate to information literacy, to advance student-centered teaching and learning environments.

Initial Development Of The Perception Of Information Literacy Scale (Pils), Matthew Doyle, Britt Foster, Mariya A. Yukhymenko-Lescroart

Communications in Information Literacy

The ACRL Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education has provided academic librarians a guiding document to facilitate the development of information literacy skills in students. Despite widespread adoption of the Framework in academic libraries, a lack of valid and reliable Framework-based scales for assessing students’ knowledge practices and dispositions hinders further understanding of student information literacy. The current article describes the development and testing of the Perception of Information Literacy Scale (PILS). The participants in this study were 443 graduate students. The resulting scale is made up of 36 items that measure seven distinct constructs of information literacy. …

Four-Fold Increase In Solar Forcing On Snow In Western U.S. Burned Forests Since 1999, Kelly E. Gleason, Joseph R. Mcconnell, Monica M. Arienzo, Nathan Chellman, Wendy M. Calvin

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Forest fires are increasing across the American West due to climate warming and fire suppression. Accelerated snow melt occurs in burned forests due to increased light transmission through the canopy and decreased snow albedo from deposition of light-absorbing impurities. Using satellite observations, we document up to an annual 9% growth in western forests burned since 1984, and 5 day earlier snow disappearance persisting for >10 years following fire. Here, we show that black carbon and burned woody debris darkens the snowpack and lowers snow albedo for 15 winters following fire, using measurements of snow collected from seven forested sites that …