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Survival In The City Streets: An Autoethnographic Analysis Challenging The Criminalization Of Urban Street Gangs, Robert Northman
Survival In The City Streets: An Autoethnographic Analysis Challenging The Criminalization Of Urban Street Gangs, Robert Northman
PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal
To varying outcomes, many attempts have been made to understand and define urban street gangs. Though these understandings and definitions of gangs may vary, they almost always rely on criminality as at least one of the gang’s “purposes.” The author, a gang member for approximately thirty years seeks to contribute lived experiences to the conversation centered on gangs. This auto-ethnographic analysis of urban street gang culture seeks to highlight the author’s experiences as potential determinants of gang membership while also exacting the realities of some common myths and other misconceptions surrounding the urban street gang, including the criminalization thereof. The …
Invasive Plant Species And Their Impact On Stream Health Using Macroinvertebrates In The Willamette Valley, Oregon, Michelle Hesek, Patrick Edwards
Invasive Plant Species And Their Impact On Stream Health Using Macroinvertebrates In The Willamette Valley, Oregon, Michelle Hesek, Patrick Edwards
PSU McNair Scholars Online Journal
Oregon spends approximately $83 million annually to maintain invasive plant species, which decreases resource availability for the environment and humanity. Their continued spread affects riparian zones, one of the most biologically diverse ecosystems that supplement stream and upland habitats. Some of the energy flow in these systems circulates by macroinvertebrates that decompose leaf litter during their immature stage of life. Upon metamorphosis, they rely on plants in riparian zones for reproductive habitat, making them prey to predators in stream and upland food webs, referred to as a transformational link. This research examines how invasive plant species affect stream health in …