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Wei Jingsheng And The Democracy Movement In Post-Mao China, Merle David Kellerhals Jr.

Institute for the Humanities Theses

The hypothesis tested in this thesis was whether there has been an evident evolution in the democratic thought of those engaged in China's Democracy Movement in the post-Mao era. The activists of the Democracy Movement of 1978-79, following a long-standing tradition of remonstrance, were among those substantially influenced by the events of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. The activists initiated big character posters on Democracy Walls throughout China--but among the most influential was Beijing's. Wei Jingsheng, though certainly not the only voice, represented the more vocal and extreme democratic position in his wall poster The Fifth Modernization: Democracy, which first …

The Development Of United States Navy Convoy Escort Doctrine And The Implementation Of Coastal Convoys In 1942, Ronald J. Sheppard

History Theses & Dissertations

The convoy system, no matter how limited, has proven to be the most effective way of defending merchant shipping against attacks by submarines. Yet after the United States entered the Second World War, the United States Navy (USN) did not implement a comprehensive system of convoys for moving shipping along the East Coast of the United States until August 1942. Due to this lack of convoys during the first eight months of 1942, the losses of allied merchant ships to German submarines were among the highest experienced during the Second World War.

This thesis examines why the USN believed that …

Explosive Vapor Generation And Sampling In Conjunction With Ion Mobility Spectrometry, Saeed H. Almeer

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

The primary objective of this research is to develop an inexpensive and reliable method to generate vapor pulses of explosives using 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene TNTl for proof of concept. A secondary objective is to demonstrate the use of the vapor generator in various applications keeping in mind potential field scenarios involving explosives. A vapor generator/collector system was developed which gives reproducible pulses of TNT vapors at nanogram levels. The use of this technology was demonstrated in evaluating different surfaces for vapor adsorption of TNT in conjunction with ion mobility spectrometry as the primary analytical tool. Of the materials examined, Teflon was by …

A Study Of Secondary Mathematics: Reports Impacting Curriculum, Philip B. Nelson

OTS Master's Level Projects & Papers

The research goals of this study include: 1. What influence did societal pressures of the time have toward the reports recommended curriculum? 2. What influences did technological developments of the time have toward the reports recommended curriculum? 3. What were or are unique (if any) mechanisms of the time that initiated the perceived need for reform in mathematics education? 4. What influence did changing college entrance requirements of the time have towards the reports recommended curriculum? 5. What curricula was recommended to ensure student study achieved the desired performance in mathematics?

Mr. Wilkes' War: Captain Charles Wilkes And The West India Squadron, Christopher J. Pieczynski

History Theses & Dissertations

Although unintentional, no single individual had a larger, if not unrecognized, effect on American interpretation of international law and neutral rights in the later half of the nineteenth century than Charles Wilkes. During his command of the West India "Flying" Squadron, Wilkes used his own form of "gunboat diplomacy," contrary to the established American policy on maritime commerce and warfare, to disrupt Confederate commerce raiding, blockade running, and neutral support. These efforts created depredations on the rights of neutrals, primarily the British, that met with the tacit approval of his superiors. This was primarily due to the unwillingness of the …

Eisenhower And Khrushchev At The Paris Summit: Anatomy Of A Failure, Vincent Michael Kapral

History Theses & Dissertations

Although it seemed at the time that the destruction of a U-2 reconnaissance aircraft over Soviet territory, slightly over two weeks prior to the Four-Power May 1960 Paris Conference had ended the summit, more deeply rooted historical differences ensured the meeting's failure. While President Dwight Eisenhower sought to ensure a national policy of defense sufficiency via his New Look strategy, he faced many internal and external critics who over-stepped or underutilized their positions. These included Allen Dulles, Christian Herter, Richard Bissell and Charles De Gaulle. Nikita Khrushchev faced internal division over his desires to achieve a new peaceful coexistence as …

Dyna3d Simulations Of Low-Speed Impact Response Of Laminated Composite Panels, Kenneth William Barlow

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Low-speed impact response of laminated composite panels is simulated without material damage using the DYNA3D finite element analysis code. The DYNA3D code is a nonlinear transient dynamics simulation tool with a contact algorithm for impact. By gaining a more comprehensive understanding of this dynamic impact event, this work is meant to contribute to improving designs for damage tolerance and residual strength by providing modeling and analysis guidelines for the analyst.

Structural modeling of the laminate and the impact event are found to be important factors for the analyst to consider. Since DYNA3D uses an explicit formulation, problem size is constrained …

The Men Behind The Oath: A Profile Of The German Officer Corps In The Interwar Period, 1919-1939, Brian E. Crim

History Theses & Dissertations

The predominance of technocrats within the Reichswehr, the inability of the officer corps to reassert its elite status in the Weimar era, and the extensive interaction between the Reichswehr and a militaristic German society contributed to Hitler's successful absorption of military authority in the 1930s. The social and political upheaval resulting in part from the First World War diffused military authority and diminished the role of the officer corps in German society. The corps struggled to maintain its historic level of corporateness and consistently failed to fulfill its responsibility to the Weimar Republic. The Reichswehr's top officers worked to revitalize …

The Marine Corps In Vietnam: An Examination Of Cohesion And Effectiveness At Khe Sanh, Gregory L. Davenport

History Theses & Dissertations

The Marine defense of the Khe Sanh Combat Base in 1968 provides an isolated model to study combat cohesion and effectiveness. Focusing on Companies K and L of the 3d Battalion, 26th Regiment, reveals that cohesion and effectiveness were composed of four interlocking components: universal, cultural, institutional, and situational. Universal sources include the primary group, ideology, esprit de corps, small unit leadership, and social systems. Culturally, Marine recruitment images and pop-culture literature and cinema, which highlighted the Corps and combat as epitomizing manhood, influenced the Khe Sanh marines. Institutionally, the Corps used Marine history and gender manipulation during boot …

Circulation, Vol. 4, No. 3, Center For Coastal Physical Oceanography, Old Dominion University

CCPO Circulation

Spring 1997 issue of CCPO Circulation featuring article "Fostering Oceanographic Collaboration in Cameroon"

Downsizing America In The Twentieth Century: A Sociological And Theoretical Analysis Of The Shrinking Middle Class, Terreea Lynne Adams

Institute for the Humanities Theses

Downsizing is the process by which a firm decreases its number of employees, even during times of a strong economy, with the stated purpose of generating greater efficiency, productivity and of course, profit. The downsizing trend in the United States during the past three decades has resulted in an enormous shift in the structure of our society. Various theorists, sociologists and economists employ differing ways of looking at this downsizing trend and its effects on the largest segment of the population; that is, the middle class.

lndications of a healthy economy are low levels of unemployment and poverty-. Downsizing involves …

Josiah Gorgas And The Richmond Ordnance Industry: The Arsenal Of The Confederacy, J. Michael Moore

History Theses & Dissertations

This study determines that Richmond, Virginia was the center of the Confederate domestic ordnance industry, and Josiah Gorgas, the Confederate Chief of Ordnance mobilized the city's industrial potential. Richmond's government ordnance facilities and private companies manufactured artillery, shoulder arms, ammunition, tools, and other ordnance materials that prolonged the war. In addition, Richmond became the center for Confederate ordnance research. Despite serious logistical problems, Gorgas supplied the Confederate Army's demand for arms and ammunition until 1865. Finally, Gorgas's mobilization of Confederate industry remains instructive for any nation going to war. These conclusions are based on extensive research of the National Archives …

Lord Byron's Heroines, Cathy Douglas Rodreguez

English Theses & Dissertations

Byron as a poet, aristocrat, and Romantic, began as all the other poets of his time, in a traditional fashion. But unlike the other poets, Byron began to develop a heroine who would become a voice for the realities of society. Despite the fact that Byron had many love affairs, he also respected women, believing in their right of autonomy within society. He considered them his equal, relishing lively debates with them on many topics. Byron's heroines embodied sentimentalism, integrity, morality and intelligence, which in turn subtlety influenced society to respect a woman's desire to openly express her emotions. What …

The Resurgence Of The Wehrmacht On The Western Front In The Fall Of 1944, Aaron S. Hamilton

History Theses & Dissertations

The resurgence of the Wehrmacht on the western front in the fall of 1944 was the product of the German Army High Command's attempt to overcome the severe effects of attrition by institutionalizing fanaticism and generating extreme self-sacrifice among its soldiers. The nature, form, and purpose of the Wehrmacht's resurgence in the west has never been fully explained and only examined in the context of operational histories. The Ardennes offensive has traditionally been used in the operational histories of the Allied campaign in Europe to demonstrate the Wehrmacht's physical ability to reorganize weapons, equipment and personnel effectively. The counter offensive, …

Information Warfare: Technology And The Information Advantage, Daniel Matthew Parker

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

This thesis analyzes information warfare--that emerging form of warfare that attempts to destroy, degrade and exploit the information systems of another, while protecting one's own--in the context of the technology of warfare. Just as one might peel an onion, the analysis proceeds from a general analysis of technology in warfare to the more specific analysis of information warfare as it is currently defined. Information technology is an enabling factor in the emergence of information warfare as a new warfare area. Although it is revolutionizing the way warfare is conducted, the elements of information warfare have been practiced for thousands of …

An "Earthly Paradise": William Morris's Later Prose Romances, Carolyn Adele Gardner

English Theses & Dissertations

William Norris, prominent Pre-Raphaelite poet and early Socialist thinker, devoted the final six years of his life not to poetry or Socialism, but to the creation of a new literary genre, the prose romance. Following the initial publication of the later prose romances between 1890-1896, few critics have attempted to analyze Norris's last works; moreover, those who have done so, have generally either dismissed the romances as escapist fantasies or twisted the narratives of these romances in an attempt to demonstrate the presence of Marxist allegories thought to accord with Norris's Socialism. Yet Norris's later prose romances, uniting his philosophies …

An Investigation Of The Speed And Power Limitations Of A Copper-Doped Gallium Arsenide Photoconductive Switch, David Clifton Stoudt

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

The processes of persistent photoconductivity followed by photo-quenching are demonstrated in copper-compensated, silicon-doped, semi-insulating gallium arsenide. These processes allow a switch to be developed that can be closed by the application of one laser pulse (λ = 1.06 μm) and opened by the application of a second laser pulse with a wavelength equal to twice that of the first laser (λ= 2.13 μm). Switch closure is primarily achieved by elevating electrons from a deep copper center which has been diffused into the material. The opening phase is a two-step process which relies initially on the absorption of the 2-μm laser …

Stephen Crane And "The Subtle Brotherhood Of Men", Christian Robert Weisser

English Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to examine the development of the works of Stephen Crane. Most critical studies define his philosophy strictly within the boundaries of Naturalism. A close examination of his novels and short stories shows a development towards a more melioristic view of mankind, one which endorses the value of brotherhood and group relations. Based on certain biographical, philosophical and cultural factors, Crane's work emerges as progressively more and more concerned with the possibility of effective human solidarity.

Out Of The Air: The Role Of Communications Intelligence In The Strategic Bombing Campaign Against The German Oil Industry And Transportation System In World War Ii, Darrell Nolen

History Theses & Dissertations

During World War II communications intelligence (ULTRA) was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the Allied strategic bombing campaign against the German oil industry and transportation system. In the case of the oil campaign communications intelligence provided confirmation of serious damage inflicted on the German war economy. This conformed nicely to the prewar American doctrine of precision daylight bombardment of critical nodes of an enemy industrial system. The intention of this policy was to cause the collapse of the enemy's military capability. The campaign against the German transportation system did not fit into this doctrinal framework as precisely; consequently, it …

Willa Cather's Death Comes For The Archbishop: Narrative And Historical Inspiration, Melissa L. Hamilton

English Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to look at Willa Cather's Death Comes for the Archbishop and investigate Cather's use of history as both a foundation and inspiration for her narrative. Cather uses several "historical" documents for the structure of her book, ranging from the biography of Father Joseph P. Machebeuf to the frescoes of St. Genevieve by the Puvis de Chavannes. It has also been commonly argued that Cather's representations of some historical figures in this narrative do not accurately reflect historical record. This study will examine Cather's representation of certain historical figures against the commonly held historical images …

The Influence Of Seawalls On Beach Responses To Storms, Seasonal Transitions And Long-Term Erosion, John Marshall Hazelton

Civil & Environmental Engineering Theses & Dissertations

It has been argued that seawalls have a detrimental effect on the adjacent beaches. These effects may only be noticeable over a period of years or may be short-term effects associated with storms or with seasonal transitions of the beach. Many theories on beach and seawall interaction have been speculative and have lacked actual field or laboratory evidence for their basis.

This study uses four years of monthly and post-storm beach profile data to examine what influences the seawalls at Sandbridge, Virginia have on the adjacent beaches. Long-term effects of the seawalls are analyzed using fourteen years of profile data. …

Allied Communications Intelligence And The Monsoon Group, 1943-1945, Christopher G. Stuart

History Theses & Dissertations

The critical weakness of trade between Germany and Japan during the Second World War was exposed in 1943, when, after all other methods had failed, the Axis powers resorted to submarines as their main means of transportation. The Allied powers succeeded in disrupting the submarines, which the Germans called the Monsoon group. The Allies used communications intelligence to disrupt the Monsoon group in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Recently released United States Armed Forces LTRA decrypts, MAGIC messages and their summaries, and Selected Research Histories (SRH) provide the previously top secret details.

The Teamwork Components Model: An Analysis Using Structural Equation Modeling, Rebecca Rosenstein

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

As the world increases in complexity, teams have assumed greater importance in the work place as a method used by organizations to cope with global competition and technological progress. Thus, an understanding of team processes and outcomes has become critical to individuals who study and work in organizations. The purpose of this investigation was to undertake a construct validation study of a model of the processes that underlie teamwork. This investigation was accomplished in two parts. A first study was conducted in order to determine the construct validity of scales that were developed to measure the nine teamwork components: task …

Transient Simulations And Modelling Of Semi-Insulating Gaas Photoconductive Switches, Prasun Kumar Raha

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

The primary objective of this thesis is to develop a one-dimensional transient simulator for Photoconductive Semiconductor Switches (PCSS) taking into consideration the material characteristics, the internal physical effects, and the external circuit. Simulations have been performed to study the device behavior at different voltage levels for copper-doped silicon-compensated GaAs material, though other materials could easily be simulated by changing the parameters. The model includes hole transport, and the results demonstrate the effect of hole injection, with and without recombination centers. In addition to developing a one-dimensional transient simulator, the role of various physical effects, such as the field-dependence of trapping …

The Vital Life: D.H. Lawrence's Response To A Dehumanized World, Rebecca Recce White

English Theses & Dissertations

As D.H. Lawrence experienced World War I and the Industrial Revolution, he recognized the inner spirits of men and women being valued less in the midst of war and industrialism. Lawrence's novels, short stories, and other works dramatize this dehumanizing process. Of his novels, five will be examined in this study: Sons and Lovers, The Rainbow, Women in Love, The Plumed Serpent, and Lady Chatterley's Lover. Pivotal relationships between men and women are outlined by Lawrence to illustrate the ways in which they either reflect or challenge society.

Lawrence gives the readers a view of the modern age torn apart …

Optimization Of Electron-Beam Activated Gaas Switches, Raymond Jack Allen Iii

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

The use of electron induced luminescence (cathodoluminescence) in gallium arsenide offers the possibility to modulate the conductance of the material on a timescale of nanoseconds and with a pulse rate of MHz, through modulation of an electron-beam current. This ionization mechanism allows the utilization of semi-insulating GaAs in fast, high power closing and opening switches. The efficiency of the switches is determined by the hold-off voltage of the GaAs switches, and by the conversion efficiency of electron energy into (useful) photon energy. Studies of the dark-current and the electron-beam induced conductance in semi-insulating GaAs have been performed in order to …

Transverse Stress Effects For Laminated Composite Beams In Bending, Christine Chatterton Schleicher

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations

A higher-order theory and an associated finite element formulation are developed for analysis of laminated planar beams in bending. The higher-order theory incorporates both transverse normal stress and transverse shear stress, and is developed using two approaches. The first approach is based on assuming the transverse normal strain distribution to be a cubic function through the beam thickness, while the second approach is based on assuming the transverse normal stress distribution to be a cubic function through the beam thickness. In both approaches, the transverse shear strain distribution is assumed to be a quadratic function through the beam thickness. Theoretical …

Electronic Document Distribution: Design Of The Anonymous Ftp Langley Technical Report Server, Michael L. Nelson, Gretchen L. Gottlich

Computer Science Faculty Publications

An experimental electronic dissemination project, the Langley Technical Report Server (LTRS), has been undertaken to determine the feasibility of delivering Langley technical reports directly to the desktops of researchers worldwide. During the first six months, over 4700 accesses occurred and over 2400 technical reports were distributed. This usage indicates the high level of interest that researchers have in performing literature searches and retrieving technical reports at their desktops. The initial system was developed with existing resources and technology. The reports are stored as files on an inexpensive UNIX workstation and are accessible over the Internet. This project will serve as …

Ultra Underseas: Signal Intelligence And The Submarine War Against Japan, 1941-1945, Robert B. Watts

History Theses & Dissertations

During the Second World War the United States conducted a highly effective undersea war against Japan which relied on signal intelligence to direct the submarine force. Although submarines were naval assets, the sophisticated signal intelligence operation supporting them was composed of both army and navy organizations that considered a wide variety of factors in directing submarines against enemy economic and military power. While signal intelligence was used to direct submarines against targets of opportunity, the primary advantage of signal intelligence lay in the ability to provide a long-term strategic picture of the enemy. Through inter-service coordination, signal intelligence allowed for …

Naval Airborne Early Warning 1945-1985, Edwin Leigh Armistead

History Theses & Dissertations

Airborne Early Warning (AEW) is the act of carrying a search radar aloft that can actively detect and even control aircraft and ships where a radar mounted on a ship or on land cannot. The United States Navy began research during World War II to counter the low-flying aircraft threat. Development of the AEW aircraft, however, was not complete in time to be of use during this conflict. Initially the Navy used two different aircraft, one carrier-based and the other land-based, to detect such air threats. As technology improved, these different capabilities were combined into a single airframe that contained …