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Effect Of Standardizing Kick Plate Position On Track Start Biomechanics In Elite Swimmers, Angela Cicenia, Caroline Oster Apr 2019

Effect Of Standardizing Kick Plate Position On Track Start Biomechanics In Elite Swimmers, Angela Cicenia, Caroline Oster

Undergraduate Student Symposium

In the swimming track start the kick plate position on the starting block is chosen by the level of comfort of the swimmer but may influence performance. Hundredths of a second often determine the winner of short distance races. Therefore, it is crucial for a swimmer to produce a biomechanically sound start. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of standardizing kick plate positioning based on shin length on selected biomechanics. 15 swimmers (males, 10; females, 5; age, 21.3 ± 1.7 yrs; height, 1.79 ± 0.08 m; mass, 77.4 ± 10.4 kg) participated in the study. Shin …

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Presenting Complaints Among Women Who Present To A Community Health Center In Gujarat, India, Maria Trinidad Miguel Apr 2019

Presenting Complaints Among Women Who Present To A Community Health Center In Gujarat, India, Maria Trinidad Miguel

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Little is known about the frequency of presenting problems among women in rural areas of Gujarat, India have not been reported or investigated carefully. The objective of this secondary data analysis is to determine the prevalence of presenting problems among women who presented to Dr. Kiran C. Patel Multi-Specialty Hospital in Ahwa, Dang District in Gujarat, India. Demographic and descriptive statistics are presented for the analysis of reports of primary complaints recorded in patient charts over a 6-day time period (December 10-14, 2018). Patients were classified by age, gender, chief complaint, and BMI. Results of this research will inform future …

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How To Take A Set Mind Out Of Mindset, Krishna Patel Apr 2019

How To Take A Set Mind Out Of Mindset, Krishna Patel

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Millennials are said to be the most depressed of any generation (Denizet-Lewis, 2017). This research seeks to explore how expectations in schools may contribute to widespread depression and anxiety among college students (Agliata & Renk, 2009). Recent research has explored how mindset affects your mental, emotional, and physical health: someone with a fixed mindset believes that an individual’s qualities and traits are set in stone while someone with a growth mindset believes these qualities can be learned with time and experience (Dweck, 2007). Demonstrating how the way an individual thinks can influence the overall quality of their health in terms …

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Entertainment, Dekel Nahum Apr 2019

Entertainment, Dekel Nahum

Undergraduate Student Symposium

“Entertainment” is a short narrative film about a serial killer who finds his female victims through dating apps. The story will be told from the perspective of the killer, who films his interactions with his victims, as well as their deaths. The film will deal mostly with what happens when he unexpectedly starts to care about one woman he dates, who he ultimately ends up killing. This film is inspired by how much I hate dating apps and how creepy men on the internet are. Some of my influences are the male serial killers in the television shows “Bates Motel” …

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Relationship Between Countermovement Jump Power And Kick Start Biomechanics In Elite Swimmers, Caroline Oster, Angela Cicenia Apr 2019

Relationship Between Countermovement Jump Power And Kick Start Biomechanics In Elite Swimmers, Caroline Oster, Angela Cicenia

Undergraduate Student Symposium

The counter movement jump (CMJ) is a commonly used test to assess lower body power. It has been shown carryover to grab and track start performances in swimming despite the fact the CMJ is performed vertically and starts are performed horizontally. Kick starts use an adjustable inclined footrest. It is unknown if CMJ is associated with kick start biomechanics. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between CMJ and kick start performance. Fourteen elite swimmers (males, 9; females, 5; age, 21.3 ± 1.7 yrs; height, 1.79 ± 0.08 m; mass, 77.1 ± 10.7 kg) participated. CMJ height …

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The Myth Of The Mother: Gender Stereotypes In Custody Decisions, Anna Susol Apr 2019

The Myth Of The Mother: Gender Stereotypes In Custody Decisions, Anna Susol

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Today, the United States custody system operates under gender-neutral policies, in which the gender of a parent may not be used as a determinant for custody. However, maternal preference, or the tendency for judges to award custody more often to mothers than fathers, is a commonplace practice in the current legal system. This study examines the history of changing custody preferences in order to understand why, in the age of gender equality, the imbalance persists. Historically, custody preferences in the legal system reflect the cultural ethos of a patriarchal society, but major shifts owing to the industrial revolution and in …

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Effects Of Role Models And Financing Barriers On Women Entrepreneurship, Tiana Henry Apr 2019

Effects Of Role Models And Financing Barriers On Women Entrepreneurship, Tiana Henry

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Entrepreneurship has attracted the attention of many and is seen as the economic engine that has the potential to deliver future job growth. Because of this potential it is crucial to identify what drives entrepreneurship. Extant literature has focused on entrepreneurial wealth--sufficient collateral—as a liquidity constraint hindering small business capitalization. Our study empirically investigates the expected linkage between personal wealth constraints and intention to start a business for women entrepreneurs. Further we examine the moderating effect of successful role models on women entrepreneurship. Funded by a research grant, data has been collected in the state of Alabama from women intending …

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Bilingualism And Inhibitory Control: The Advantage Of Speaking A Second Language, Maria Morales Apr 2019

Bilingualism And Inhibitory Control: The Advantage Of Speaking A Second Language, Maria Morales

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Researchers speculate that speaking a second language has benefits that go beyond communicative abilities. Bilingualism has been linked to enhanced performance on executive function (EF) tasks, particularly, those that require inhibitory control. Inhibition is the ability to ignore salient, but distracting, information which may occupy and divert attention from the task at hand. To date, however, the findings have been inconsistent, and one major limitation in the literature is that most studies do not objectively quantify second language proficiency. This study, therefore, used an objective measure of language proficiency and compared bilinguals and monolinguals on tasks that require different levels …

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Fashion Law: A Comparative Study Of U.S. And European Models, Francesca Chavez Apr 2019

Fashion Law: A Comparative Study Of U.S. And European Models, Francesca Chavez

Undergraduate Student Symposium

The objective of this research project is to bring to light the lack of protection for fashion designers’ intellectual property in a comparative study of intellectual property laws in the United States and the European Union. Legislation and case law surrounding the intellectual property rights of designers in the U.S. enable a culture of “fast fashion” where designs are stolen with ease and mass produced at a low cost to consumers with no legal ramifications. The erosion of intellectual property rights has revealed to have far-reaching ethical implications beyond the injustice the original designer concerning environmental impact and unfair labor …

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Ibrutinib Inhibits Human Cd4 T Cell Proliferation, Marla Fortoul Apr 2019

Ibrutinib Inhibits Human Cd4 T Cell Proliferation, Marla Fortoul

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Ibrutinib, is an orally active agent, which works by covalent irreversible binding to the kinase domain of Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase (BTK). The drug is of central importance in B cell receptor signaling and is currently used to treat B cells cancers like Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and B Cell Lymphoma. In addition to BTK inhibition, it has been hypothesized that Ibrutinib is a target of Interleukin-2 Inducible Kinase (ITK), which is an active agent in T cell malignancies survival and proliferation. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effect of Ibrutinib on human T cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells …

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Can You Taste Fat? A Study On The Impact Of Fat Perception On Dietary Behaviors And Adiposity, Micaela Sullivan, Alexandra Apetri Apr 2019

Can You Taste Fat? A Study On The Impact Of Fat Perception On Dietary Behaviors And Adiposity, Micaela Sullivan, Alexandra Apetri

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Individuals with a higher sensitivity to the perception of fat in foods may benefit from this ability by making healthier food choices. To investigate the impact of fat perception on eating habits and health, we examined participants’ daily food intake, adiposity, and ability to distinguish between full-fat and low-fat products. Participants completed a 7-day food diary to measure dietary the amounts of daily fat, sugar, sodium, carbohydrates, protein and caloric intake. Height, weight, and hip circumference measurements were used to calculate body mass index (BMI) and body adiposity index (BAI) values. The participants’ perception of fat was measured using a …

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Pre-Reading And Prewriting In Prekindergarten, Janet Lopez, Lina Orrego-Garcia Apr 2019

Pre-Reading And Prewriting In Prekindergarten, Janet Lopez, Lina Orrego-Garcia

Undergraduate Student Symposium

The present research looks at the behaviors associated with the stages before actual reading and writing in 4-5 year old preschoolers. An Achenbach-style behavior checklist will be created and tested for adequate psychometric properties. The main purpose of this study will be to create a Pre-reading and Prewriting Behavior Checklist with high reliability and validity. The Checklist will be used and verified by multiple independent observers. In future studies, it will be used to test hypotheses for improving preschool development of reading and writing skills. Pre-reading and prewriting skills are important for kindergarten readiness and further academic success, especially in …

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Bittersweet Dreams (Are Made Of This): Unripe Fruit And Women, Vivian Dang Apr 2019

Bittersweet Dreams (Are Made Of This): Unripe Fruit And Women, Vivian Dang

Undergraduate Student Symposium

This paper investigates the role of woman as a medicinal mother in Christina Rossetti’s 1862 Christian epic poem “Goblin Market” in which two young sisters, Laura and Lizzie, struggle with temptation as wicked goblin men attempt to coerce them into consuming their forbidden fruit. The marriage market, called the “Goblin Market” in this poem, highlights the inequities between marriage expectations for men and women and the disadvantages faced by the archetypal medicinal mother in the early development of modern medicine. While men are the producers in this misogynistic marriage market, women are not the true consumers because they are the …

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Muscle Fatigue Analysis During Welding Tasks Using Semg And Recurrence Quantification Analysis, Cheyenne Doyle-Schreffler, Kaija Ranglin, Nicole Staley Apr 2019

Muscle Fatigue Analysis During Welding Tasks Using Semg And Recurrence Quantification Analysis, Cheyenne Doyle-Schreffler, Kaija Ranglin, Nicole Staley

Undergraduate Student Symposium

This study is a quantitative investigation of the task and muscle activity related to welding through realtime surface electromyography (sEMG) to identify ways to prevent work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) related to welding. Six right-hand dominant participants simulated two different welding tasks to conduct research on 16 muscle groups for three hours. To analyze this data, recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) is used to detect muscle fatigue during the welding task. Average DET% values were calculated among all the participants to find out the determinism values of the first and last 10 min of the experiment for each muscle. The highest difference …

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Mind Wandering: The Powerful Effects Of Mindfulness Meditation, Alyssa Garcia, Samantha Suarez, Zykiah Daniels Apr 2019

Mind Wandering: The Powerful Effects Of Mindfulness Meditation, Alyssa Garcia, Samantha Suarez, Zykiah Daniels

Undergraduate Student Symposium

The contents of one’s thoughts can be very powerful. Mind wandering refers to thoughts that are offtask. Negative task-unrelated thoughts (TUTs) decrease sustained attention task performance. Mind wandering leads to a decrease in reading comprehension and working memory, which can negatively impact workplace, academic, and daily performances. Mindfulness meditation training increases sustained attention on the present and decreases attention on the past and future. Specifically, meditation training decreases mind wandering reports. The current study tested whether a brief fifteen minute mindfulness induction could moderate the effect of the negative affect manipulation on a sustained attention task. Participants were randomly assigned …

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Have More, Stress Less: Relating Perceptions Of Stress To Accumulation Of Different Types Of Resources, Jazmin Bush, Austin Matthies, Avia Sutton Apr 2019

Have More, Stress Less: Relating Perceptions Of Stress To Accumulation Of Different Types Of Resources, Jazmin Bush, Austin Matthies, Avia Sutton

Undergraduate Student Symposium

The concept of a "resource" is central to research in evolutionary biology and psychology. The acquisition, accumulation, and utilization of resources determines an organism’s success in terms of both survival and reproduction, and is related to a wide variety of behaviors. Despite their obvious importance, however, "resources" remain ill-defined in the scientific literature. In some cases, the concept of a resource is captured in broad terms such as "resource accruing potential". In other cases, resources are measured in restrictively specific terms, such as parents' level of education, family income, perceived level of social support, group membership, and so on. To …

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Cell-Cell Communication In Bacteria Mediated By Weak Photon Emission, Roodelyne Pierrelus Apr 2019

Cell-Cell Communication In Bacteria Mediated By Weak Photon Emission, Roodelyne Pierrelus

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Cells, including bacteria communicate via multiple routes. Prominent amongst these is through chemical signaling. However, literature dating back to the 1970s has suggested that cells may communicate using electromagnetic forces, including weak photon (light) emission. To date, however, these predictions remain largely theoretical, or lack robust experimental support. In this study, we sought to determine if chemically separated cultures of bacteria could communicate across a boundary that allows light, but not chemical signals, to pass. To address this question, we cultured Escherichia coli initiated from either low or high density in an experimental setup that involved growing one population on …

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Improving Hygiene Behaviors Among Rural School-Aged Children: A Public Health Education Program In Dang District, Gujarat, India, Misha Brahmbhatt Apr 2019

Improving Hygiene Behaviors Among Rural School-Aged Children: A Public Health Education Program In Dang District, Gujarat, India, Misha Brahmbhatt

Undergraduate Student Symposium

In India, over two million children die each year from preventable diseases. Poverty, malnutrition, poor sanitation, and unhygienic environment all contribute to alarming child mortality rates. Millions of lives could be saved with proper hygiene education and sanitation, especially in poor and underserved communities. This poster presents the results of an intervention to educate and encourage hygiene behaviors like washing hands, brushing teeth, cutting nails, and bathing among children. Participants were pediatric patients that presented to the NSU-KPCOM medical clinic camp at the Vanbandhu Arogya Dham community health center in the Ahwa, Dang District of India. Results also highlight the …

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Using Caenorhabditis Elegans And An Engineered Bacterium To Dissect Host Pathogen Avoidance Strategies, Ratnavi Shah, Rachel H. Ghoubrial Apr 2019

Using Caenorhabditis Elegans And An Engineered Bacterium To Dissect Host Pathogen Avoidance Strategies, Ratnavi Shah, Rachel H. Ghoubrial

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Little is known about how host-pathogen interactions determine avoidance strategies. Bacterial pathogens can infect Caenorhabditis elegans via ingestion. In its natural environment, C. elegans is attracted to bacterial food sources that produce small molecules called chemoattractants. In some instances, chemoattractant are produced by bacterial pathogens. Upon ingesting these pathogens, C. elegans can become infected, and can subsequently perish. However, through aversive learning, C. elegans can learn to associate these chemoattractants with harm. This ultimately causes the worms to avoid consuming the pathogen. Evolutionary constraints have likely shaped the interplay of the attraction and learning dynamics between pathogenic bacteria and C. …

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Behavior Checklist For Preschool Children With Reading Dogs, Ammy Castillo, Jahleeyah Muhammad, Angela Ogero Apr 2019

Behavior Checklist For Preschool Children With Reading Dogs, Ammy Castillo, Jahleeyah Muhammad, Angela Ogero

Undergraduate Student Symposium

The present research looks at how dogs can improve focus and attention during book readings at a preschool to different age groups of students who are learning to read and write. An Achenbach-style behavior checklist will be created and tested for adequate psychometric properties. The distribution of the checklist to different researcher-participants will serve as a method study of inter-rater reliability and intra-rater reliability. The main purpose of this study will be to create a Behavior Checklist for Preschool Children with Reading Dogs with high reliability and validity. Additionally, the developmental differences between the different age groups of preschool students …

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A Fat Mass And Obesity-Associated Gene Polymorphism Influences Fat Mass In Exercise-Trained Individuals, Sarah Knafo, Alina Ali Apr 2019

A Fat Mass And Obesity-Associated Gene Polymorphism Influences Fat Mass In Exercise-Trained Individuals, Sarah Knafo, Alina Ali

Undergraduate Student Symposium

A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene is a strong predictor of obesity in humans. The FTO SNP (rs1421085) results in a T to C nucleotide substitution that may result in an increased risk for obesity in individuals who carry at least one C allele. The purpose of this investigation was to characterize the FTO genotype in a cohort of exercise-trained men and women. We tested 108 exercise-trained individuals that included professional mixed martial arts fighters, competitive distance runners, collegiate swimmers, stand-up paddlers as well as a cohort of recreational bodybuilders. Body composition was …

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Angiotensin Ii Fragment Receptor Binding In The Mouse Brain, Sarin Itty Apr 2019

Angiotensin Ii Fragment Receptor Binding In The Mouse Brain, Sarin Itty

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Angiotensin IV (Ang IV), one of the metabolites of Angiotensin II, is a key player within several systems including the kidneys, brain, and other non-traditional locations. It has functions varying from blood flow regulation, stress response, seizures, learning, and memory acquisition. Administration of Ang IV has been shown to increase cerebral microcirculation, elicit cognitive improvements, improve memory, restore cognitive deficits, and combat memory impairment. In our lab, we developed a new peptide that acts on the angiotensin system, 127I-Ang 1-7. Previous studies showed that 127I-Ang 1-7 is less susceptible to metabolism and ~1000-fold more potent than Ang 1-7 …

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A Step Forward, Rolando Bolanos Apr 2019

A Step Forward, Rolando Bolanos

Undergraduate Student Symposium

“A Step Forward” is a documentary about the personal journey about me, as I seek to become an officer of the Coast Guard to not only help pay for college, but to seek opportunities unique to that in the military in order to grow as an individual, begin an ambitious career, and to travel the world. I had encountered many challenges along the way, including a lack of confidence, being overweight, and lacking any titles or experience to help solidify my image as a leader. Despite the challenges, I have managed to not only overcome these obstacles, but I have …

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Comparative Investigation Of Coupling Methods To Create 2,2'-Bipyridine Adducts, Sabrina Vazquez, Kylie Wilkinson Apr 2019

Comparative Investigation Of Coupling Methods To Create 2,2'-Bipyridine Adducts, Sabrina Vazquez, Kylie Wilkinson

Undergraduate Student Symposium

The project aims to streamline the synthesis of 2,2’-bipyridine adducts, so they can be efficiently synthesized as precursors for ligands in novel organometallic ruthenium complexes. Specifically, the compounds being synthesized are 4,4’-methylated, 4-methylated, 5,5’-methylated, and 5-methylated, 2,2’-bipyridines. Three different synthetic methods will be explored including homo-coupling and crosscoupling reactions as well as the use of a turbo-Grignard reagent. The homo-coupling reaction with or without the turbo-Grignard reagent uses 2-bromo-4-methyl or 2-bromo-5-methyl pyridine as the starting material to produce the 4,4’-methylated adduct or 5,5’-methylated adduct respectively. This is in contrast to the cross-coupling reaction which utilizes a combination of the 2-bromo-4-methyl …

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Creating Unique 3-D Printed Molecular Models To Explain The Role Of Higb Toxin In Cleaving Ribosome-Bound Mrna, Carolina Alzamora, Alesa Chabbra, Helana Ghali, Marina Handal, Mahima Kathiria, Alexander Martinek, Jenny Nguyen, Chandni Patel, Shreja Patel, Antoine Pham Apr 2019

Creating Unique 3-D Printed Molecular Models To Explain The Role Of Higb Toxin In Cleaving Ribosome-Bound Mrna, Carolina Alzamora, Alesa Chabbra, Helana Ghali, Marina Handal, Mahima Kathiria, Alexander Martinek, Jenny Nguyen, Chandni Patel, Shreja Patel, Antoine Pham

Undergraduate Student Symposium

The CREST (Connecting Researchers, Educators, and STudents) team at Nova Southeastern University created two physical models depicting the mechanism of endonuclease cleavage by the HigB protein, as described in the literature. Details of the HigB-ribosome complex and its residues for mRNA cleavage were found in the Protein Data Bank file, 4ZSN, and imported into Jmol, a protein visualization software. Specific program commands were developed to manipulate the original file into a format that was later 3D-printed. The models highlight the small ribosomal subunit, ribosomal proteins, tRNA, rRNA, the mRNA strand, and HigB protein along with its residues involved in mRNA …

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Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging Of Human Breast Cancer Spheroids, Elaine Ognjanovski, Heather M. Robison, Corryn E. Chini, Troy J. Comi, Seung W. Ryu, Lunan Li Apr 2019

Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging Of Human Breast Cancer Spheroids, Elaine Ognjanovski, Heather M. Robison, Corryn E. Chini, Troy J. Comi, Seung W. Ryu, Lunan Li

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Endogenous lipid synthesis is up-regulated in cancerous tissue. The role of lipids in oncogene regulation, cancer progression, and tumorigenesis is mostly unknown. It has been well-established that culturing cells in three-dimensions (3D) is a more accurate representation of solid tumors in vivo than traditional 2D cultures. 3D cell cultures (spheroids) replicate gas and nutrient diffusion, gene expression, protein concentrations, intracellular interactions, and cell–extracellular matrix connections observed in primary tumors. Herein, we describe a desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI) method for mapping the spatial distribution of phospholipids (PL) in human breast cancer cell (BCC) spheroids (<1 mm in diameter). This label-free chemical imaging method identified specific PL species and relative percent compositions that may play a role in biological processes occurring at the outer (e.g. invasion and metastasis) and inner regions of solid breast tumors (e.g. angiogenesis). We also compare the PL composition of BCC spheroids with PL profiles of 2D BCC cultures, identifying PL changes specific to the multi-cellular environment of the spheroid.

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Disentangling The Effects Of Ptsd From Gwi Via A Network Analysis Of Cell-Cytokine-Symptom Interactions For Improved Diagnostics And Treatments, Jacob Hardy, Ricardo Castellanos Apr 2019

Disentangling The Effects Of Ptsd From Gwi Via A Network Analysis Of Cell-Cytokine-Symptom Interactions For Improved Diagnostics And Treatments, Jacob Hardy, Ricardo Castellanos

Undergraduate Student Symposium

A third of the veterans returning from Operation Desert Storm/Shield in the 1990-91 Gulf War reported cognitive dysfunction, skin rashes, musculoskeletal discomfort, and fatigue. This led to the designation of the unique stress-mediated condition Gulf War Illness (GWI). GWI is similar to other known stressmediated illnesses such as Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome in clinical presentation, but as yet we know no concrete understanding of the underlying mechanisms mediating the disease. As such, there are no biological diagnostic to predict the presentation of GWI. Confounding this is the high prevalence of co-morbidity with another war related condition, namely post-traumatic stress disorder …

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Do Markers Of Verbal Confidence Correlate With Effect Size In Studies Of Pollution Bioindicators?, Brianna Law Apr 2019

Do Markers Of Verbal Confidence Correlate With Effect Size In Studies Of Pollution Bioindicators?, Brianna Law

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Bioindicators are organisms whose status or physiological condition are used to assess the effects of stressors such as pollution on ecosystems. Commonly used bioindicators include population-level responses in environmentally sensitive insects (e.g., Ephemeroptera, Plectoptera, and Trichoptera) and fishes (e.g., slimy sculpins, fish larvae), or specific individual-level responses such as EROD enzyme induction or fecundity. Parasites were first proposed as biological indicators of pollution in the 1990s. Parasites are ubiquitous components of aquatic ecosystems, and are known to respond to pollution: while some parasites increase in abundance in polluted areas, most exhibit decreased abundance, and polluted environments typically have species-poor parasite …

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El Silbo Gomero - An Ancient Language Evolved, Nicole Suárez Apr 2019

El Silbo Gomero - An Ancient Language Evolved, Nicole Suárez

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Language makes up our identity through tradition and culture. How we communicate in terms of language varies in form and style. The whistling language, El Silbo Gomero, is heard and practiced by the residents of the Canary Islands located in La Gomera. It is not a substitute but a complement to the spoken language that already exists. The whistle makes a sweet tweet and musicality that is quite similar to sounds of birds making it quite easy for the residents of La Gomera to communicate and be heard in their noisy, outdoor environment. The loudness and frequency of the whistle …

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Extraction And Analysis Of Volatile Biomarkers In Oral Disease Using Solid-Phase Microextraction (Spme), Elizabeth Feldman, Sean Ide Bolet, Elizabeth Horta Apr 2019

Extraction And Analysis Of Volatile Biomarkers In Oral Disease Using Solid-Phase Microextraction (Spme), Elizabeth Feldman, Sean Ide Bolet, Elizabeth Horta

Undergraduate Student Symposium

Sampling volatile biomarkers (odors) from clinical samples is a noninvasive, inexpensive, and effective method for disease detection. Although odor profiles have been utilized for the detection of cancer, acidosis, diabetes, and specific genetic disorders, their role in detecting progressive diseases is unknown. Therefore, the development of effective diagnostic tools using malodors requires technique validation during all stages of disease progression rather than end stage disease. One such progressive disease associated with overall systemic health is periodontal disease. As the 6th most common chronic disease worldwide, the presence of active end stage periodontitis has been associated with autoimmune disorders, cancer, lung …

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