Digital Commons Network^™

Separations Of Multicomponent Mixtures Via Thermal Parametric Pumping, John Daniel Stokes

Dissertations

This dissertation covers the separation of solutes from multicomponent solutions via direct mode thermal parametric pumping.

Dilute solution separations were predicted from existing binary equations by assuming the existence of pseudo binary systems, each system consisting of one solute and the common solvent. Two systems, toluene-aniline-n-heptane and toluene-acetophenone-n-heptane with a silica gel adsorbent were used to experimentally demonstrate the separation. Experimental results were in good agreement with the mathematical predictions.

For concentrated multicomponent solutions, the separation was demonstrated by the system, toluene-acetophenone-n-heptane on silica gel. The effects of mass transfer and nonlinear adsorption isotherms became significant and a numerical solution …

Reaction Kinetics For The Synthesis Of Benzyl Benzoate From Benzyl Chloride And The Triethylamine Salt Of Benzoic Acid, Michael A. Kolakowski

Theses

The reaction kinetics for the synthesis of benzyl benzoate from benzyl chloride and the triethylamine salt of benzoic acid has been studied over the temperature range of 70-105°C and a mole ratio of benzyl chloride to triethylamine of 0.5 - 10.0.

A reaction mechanism which is consistent with the experimental data has been derived. The experimental data was analyzed by means of the integral method of analysis. The temperature dependency of the reaction was determined from Arrhenius' Law and the activation energy was calculated to be 15,064 cal/g-mole. An empirical equation which explains the effects of the reactant mole ratio …

Prediction And Correlation Of The Salt-Effect In Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium, Enrique M. Bekerman

Theses

The feasibility of developing a method of correlation and prediction, for mixtures of two solvents containing a dissolved salt has been studied. The procedure consisted of arriving at the interaction parameters for the three binary systems (solvent 1-solvent 2, solvent 1-salt, solvent 2-salt) and using these to calculate the ternary results. Attempts to generate interaction parameters for the solvent-salt binaries by means of the Wilson equation were unsuccessful, whereas, use of the NRTL equation resulted in a very good fit of the binary data.

In correlating the ternary results, it became necessary to redefine the liquid phase mole fractions and …

Subcontracting By The Petrochemical Engineer-Constructor, Michael Peter Skurla

Theses

An analysis has been made of the methods used by a Petrochemical Engineer-Constructor, who has national labor agreements, in deciding if the construction phase of a project should be done by a subcontract method of construction or be accomplished on a direct hire basis. The petrochemical complex under discussion is considered to be in the $75 million range for the total installed cost including design, engineering, procurement, and construction.

The influence of subcontracting portions of the construction phase by the Engineer-Constructor is reviewed with its impact on: the client; project schedule and cost; local and national labor relations, because of …

The Effects Of Angularity On The Compaction And Shear Strength Of A Cohesionless Material, Richard Edward Swiderski

Theses

Several physical methods are described for the practical measurement and rating of angularity (shape) of cohesionless soil particles. Angularity is determined by utilizing the fundamental property of a sphere: a sphere has the smallest contact surface area of any shape for a given volume. Therefore, any other shape will exhibit a greater contact surface area and consequently will have a greater frictional resistance which is a function of its degree of angularity.

The effects of angularity on the physical behavior (e.g. strength) of cohesionless soils was investigated at various relative compaction densities. For this purpose a combined compaction and direct …

Non-Standard Workweek Scheduling Technique Selection, John Alexander Oak

Theses

This thesis presents a description of non-standard work scheduling techniques and a comparison method which enables decision-makers to differentiate between available work-scheduling alternatives with the purpose in mind of selecting the most appropriate and suitable arrangement. The method developed calls for the decision-maker to follow a five-step sequential process to obtain final results. The ingredients necessary to achieve such final results are obtained in a manner similar to that demanded by decision-making-under-uncertainty conditions commonly followed in actual industrial settings.

Since the primary objective of business management is the achievement of a profit through the manipulation of available resources, initial sections …

The Recovery Of Methanol From The Mother Liquor Of A Pharmaceutical Active Ingredient, Richard Lawrence Eichholtz

Theses

The company has been sending to the sewer the filtrate from one of our chemical processes. This filtrate contains 63 vol. % methanol. The recovery of this methanol would reduce the amount of purchased methanol. The recovery would also reduce the Biological Oxygen Demand of the plant effluent. In the near future the local sewer authority will be billing the company for BOD.

The goal of the recovery process is to obtain methanol of satisfactory quality for reuse in the process from which it came. A literature search and a laboratory study verified the non-ideality of the system. Preliminary calculations …

Computerized Conferencing And The Homebound Handicapped, Computerized Conferencing & Communications Center, Murray Turoff, Howard Gage

Computerized Conferencing and Communications Center Reports

Computer conferencing is a relatively new technique which can be applied to improve both the efficiency of education, and communication services available to the homebound handicapped. A system is currently being implemented at the New Jersey Institute of Technology which allows such individuals to engage in a written form of conversation with other individuals or groups. Here the computer stores the discus­sion and keeps track of what everyone has or has not seen, so participants can communicate at a time and pace of their choosing. There is also provision for a range of ancillary facilities such as voting, word processing, …

Graduate Division Programs For The Academic Year 1976-77 New Jersey Institute Of Technology, New Jersey Institute Of Technology

Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

A Study Of The Effect Of An Electric Potential On The Saponification Of Ethyl Acetate, Michael Maciupa

Theses

A reactor of rectangular cross-sectional, area was constructed of plexiglass to study the effect of an electric potential on the saponification of ethyl acetate with sodium hydroxide. Three different laminar region flow rates were used and the applied voltage was varied up to four kilovolts in one kilovolt increments for each flow rate. It was found that the apparent rate constant for the reaction was either increased or decreased depending on the voltage and flow rate used. The largest increase was a 4.2 percent change from zero voltage steady state conditions with an applied voltage of one kilovolt at a …

Adsorption On Activated Flyash, John William Kubarewicz

Theses

An experimental study was undertaken to compare the adsorptive characteristics of activated carbon, flyash, and activated flyash. Due to the contradictory evidence available in the literature, emphasis was placed on the effect of acid activation on the physical properties of the adsorbent. The experiment consisted of two parts; batch isotherm studies, and continuous column operations. An artificial sewage composed of a mixture of deionized water and beef broth was used as the adsorbate. This solution was prepared daily and exerted a COD of 225 ± 30 mg/l. Flyash activation was found to increase the degree of adsorption indirectly rather than …

An Analysis Of The Passenger Vehicle Interface Of Street Transit Systems With Applications To Design Optimization, Walter H. Kraft

Dissertations

This research analyzes the Passenger Vehicle Interface of the street transit systems and presents applications for design optimization. The Passenger Vehicle Interface (PVI) is defined as the interaction between the passenger and vehicle elements of the street transit system.

Human observer and photographic studies were conducted in 17 cities in the United States and Canada to measure the time for queues of passengers to board various transit vehicles. The data were analyzed by considering seven factors that affect the Passenger Vehicle Interface: Human Factor, Modal Factor, Operating Practices, Operating Policies, Mobility, Climate and Weather, and Other System Elements. Those effects …

The Chemical Effect Of Ultrasound On Cyanide Solutions, Nabil R. Zaki

Theses

An experimental study was undertaken to investigate the chemical effects of high intensity ultrasonic radiation on cyanide solutions. The effects of aeration, concentration of cyanide and temperatures on the reaction rate are investigated. The experiment was preformed in a 30 mm pyrex tube immersed at a fixed height in a constant volume water bath. Ultrasonic energy was applied through the use of a transducer epoxied at the bottom of the water bath. The power inputs to the transducer were 40W (27KHz) and 100W (21KHz).

At a power of 40W, ultrasound had no chemical effect on cyanide solutions. At 100W, hydrogen …

Communications And Group Decision-Making : Experimental Evidence On The Potential Impact Of Computer Conferenging, Computerized Conferencing & Communications Center, Starr Roxanne Hiltz

Computerized Conferencing and Communications Center Reports

This paper is a selective review of small group experiments in the area of the relationship between communication (modes, structures, processes) and group decision-making or problem solving. There are literally hundreds of these experiments; the purpose of this effort has been to isolate and summarize the results of those experimental traditions which may have the most bearing upon:

1. our understanding of the probable social effects of computer conferencing as a communication mode;
2. the identification of possible experiments utilizing computer conferencing which appear to be potentially most fruitful in terms of evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of computer conferencing in facilitating …

Deposition Of Suspensions In Laminar Flow In The Entrance Region Ofa Channel And In A Diffuser, Shawki Mahmoud Eldighidy

Dissertations

In this investigation, the deposition of suspensions in laminar flow in the entrance region of a channel and a diffuser was considered.

The particulate phase was considered to he under the action of the electric field force clue to electrostatic charges. In addition, a lift force acting on each particle at the wall arising from the fluid shear near the wall and an adhesive force between each particle and the wall due to the difference of the material properties for both particle and walls were considered as surface forces.

The suspension flow was assumed to be incompressible, laminar, dilute, and …

Computer Program For Binary Distillation Using The Method Of Pochon-Savarit With Enthalpy Data Calculated By Lagrange Interpolation, Joseph J. Rogus

Theses

This thesis presents a Fortran Computer Program to solve binary distillation problems. The solution is obtained by the method of Pochon-Savarit which is based upon graphical use of an enthalpy-concentration diagram. The enthalpy data in this program is calculated using Lagrange interpolation. This is accomplished by utilizing the Lagrange interpolation to get values for the enthalpy of the vapor until we find that value which lies on the same line as the enthalpy of the liquid from the preceding tray and its corresponding del point.

The required input data consist of liquid-vapor equilibrium data, heat of solution data with the …

Initial Specifications Electronic Information Exchange System (Eie), Computerized Conferencing & Communications Center, Murray Turoff

Computerized Conferencing and Communications Center Reports

This document is intended as a SPECIFICATIONS MANUAL to guide the development of the EIE System. It does not represent a User Manual although it contains the specification of the user abilities on the system. It is written in a highly segmented style which reflects the potential use of the material in the on-line EXPLANATION file which will be available as part of the EIE System and which will allow users to retrieve just enough information to satisfy a specific question on system use and options.

This comprehensive specification document is much harder to utilize for learning the system than …

An Investigation Of The Optical Absorption Properties Of Silicon As Related To Its Electrical Conductivity, Onofrio Louis Russo

Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the feasibility of obtaining the electrical conductivity of band gap semiconductors, by considering the absorption of radiation in the visible region. The experimental evidence confirmed predictions that the conductivities of the silicon samples are related to the horizontal displacement of energy in the absorption curves. The material used in this study was p-doped silicon, although the approach should be valid in general for either elemental or compound semiconductors.

The absorption coefficient for silicon was measured in the radiation region between 2.0 and 3.0 ev. This region above the indirect band gap (= …

Optimal Control And Identification Of Stochastic Systems Using Differential Game Theory, Harry Marvin Burbank

Dissertations

This dissertation deals with linear systems subjected to stochastic disturbances. The class of stochastic processes considered is the class of second order stochastic processes characterized by having finite continuous covariance. The properties of the covariance provide means to formulate optimization problems without the difficulties present when the covariance is not finite or continuous.

The first aspect studied was several classes of optimal control problems. The effects of the stochastic processes were approximated by the effects of its first two moments. This procedure resulted in allowing optimal system controls to be found whatever the first two moments of the stochastic input …

The Thermal Dehydration Of Magnesium Sulfate Hexahydrate (Mgso3.6h2o) And Magnesium Sulfite Trihydrate (Mgso3.3h2o), Raafat F. Abdel-Malek

Theses

The thermal dehydration of MgSO₃.3H₂O and MgSO₃.6H₂O have been studied by differential thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and thermal gravimetric analysis.

Similar studies by other groups led to contradictory conclusions. In this investigation, these results were reconciled and it was concluded that MgSO₃.6H₂O, under equilibrium conditions, dehydrates in two steps through the intermediate formation of MgSO₃.3H₂O.

One consequence of this work is the development of a simple analytical procedure, using TGA, for the quantitative determination of both hydrates in mixtures and in the presence …

The Thermodynamics Of Electrolytic Solutions, Eric Robert Bixon

Theses

The thermodynamic properties of solutions of electrolytes may be accurately determined by the measurement of the activity of the s6lvent. when the. solute is nonvolatile, this quantity may be obtained from measurements of the lowering of the vapor pressure caused by the presence of the dissolved solute.

An experimental method has been devised to measure this effect using a semi-conventional Othmer Still. The experimental apparatus has been constructed. and evaluated. Data has been-obtained for the vapor pressure lowering of methanol due to the presence of dissolved electrolyte for five different electrolyte-methanol systems. An extrapolation technique was developed to make use …

Separation Of Isomers Via Thermal Parametric Pumping, Vincent J. D'Emidio

Theses

Continuous and semicontinuous thermal parametric pumps for separating isomers were experimentally investigated using the model system glucose-fructose-water on a cation exchange resin adsorbent. A comparison was made between the experimental data and the calculated results by a method based on an equilibrium theory. The method invokes the assumptions that a multicomponent mixture contains a series of pseudo binary systems. Each binary system consists of one of the solutes as one component and the common inert solvent as the other component. It has been shown that under certain conditions, the pump with feed at the enriched end has the capacity for …

A Preliminary Study Of The Thermodynamic Limitations Of The Nrtl/Lemf Equations, Robert Petrie

Theses

Analytical evaluations of the second and third derivatives of the molar Gibbs energy of mixing for the NRTL/LEMF equations indicate distinct zones of miscible and inmiscible prediction.

These calculations for a number of different α's have produced approximate miscibility limits for both NRTL/LEMF energy parameters and infinite dilution activity coefficients of a given system.

Transient Phenomena Of Polymer Solutions, Nikolaus Zwetkow

Theses

With the aid of a rotational viscometer, several transient phenomena were studied with different polymer solutions. In order to be acquainted with the operations of the rotational viscometer, viscosity measurements were made on polystyrene solution of a 7.14 wt. % NBS-2-35967 in a 35 - 65 mixture of aroclor and TCP, polyisobutylene (16.5% in mineral spirits), Indopol H-1900 (polyisobutylene) and 4.5% polyisobutylene in Primol 355. All these were done at a temperature of 77°F, except for Indopol H-1900 which was done at different temperatures. The results are listed in the section of tables and graphs.

Viscosity was measured with a …

Nucleus 1975, Newark College Of Engineering

Yearbooks

This is a digitized, downloadable version of the Newark College of Engineering Nucleus.

A Kinetic Study Of Lysine And Lysine Derivatives, Stephen Joseph Stanley

Theses

The kinetics of the reaction of iodoacetamide with lysine, polylysine, N-α-Acetyl lysine, and N-ε-Acetyl lysine, have been studied. The investigation was done at 23° C ± 123° C, as a function of pH, and concentration. In all cases it was noted that the rate of reaction increased as the pH increased. The rate data was analyzed in order to obtain the second order rate constants. In addition, the effects of the reactive site's environment on the rate was demonstrated.

Soluble Surfactant Effects On Gas Absorption Of Organic Compounds, Angelo C. Morresi

Theses

A literature search dating back to the beginning of this century turned up no previous work similar to ours. We discuss several methods and experiments involving the scrubbing of air streams.

The objective of this work was the determination of surfactant affects on the solubility of certain organic compounds of varying solubility in water. A means of simulating a packed tower was devised to allow for bench scale evaluation and thus enabled a greater number of organic compounds to be examined with a greater variety of surfactants.

Curves were plotted based on organic vapor concentration, surfactant concentration, organic type, surfactant …

Steady State Heat Transfer From A Double Ring Of Identical Spheres In A Regular Orientation, Evelio A. Melo

Theses

Solutions to Laplace's equation are obtained by the method of reflections for the problem of heat transfer from two parallel rings of spheres arranged in regular polygonal arrays. The mathematical models developed describe the rate of heat transfer and spatial temperature distribution due to an arbitrary number of identical spheres of equal surface temperature correcting Fourier's heat transfer equation for the interference caused by a multiparticle array. Although the method of solution is quite rigorous and can be used to obtain as accurate a solution as desired, only the second reflection was obtained, yielding a first order correction. The model …

A Study Of The Vibrational Spectra Of Some Monosubstituted Benezene Derivatives Of Group Via Of The Periodic Table, Fawzi S. Rasheed

Theses

The vibrational frequencies for (C₆H₅)₂Se, (C₆H₅)₂Te, (C₆H₅)₂Se₂, (C₆H₅)₂Te₂, (C₆H₅)₂Hg, and (C6H5-Se)₂Hg are completely assigned and are consistent with the vibrational assignments for (C₆H₅)₂O, (C₆H₅)₂S, and (C₆H₅)₂S₂ previously reported. Further, whereas (C₆H₅)₂O and to a lesser extent (C₆H …

Reactions Of Para-Nitroaniline With Acid Chlorides, Stephen Alan Zapoticzny

Theses

Para-nitroaniline was reacted with acid chlorides forming amides. Their structures were elucidated by the performance of various spectral analyses.