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Vapor Liquid Equilibria Studies For System 1: Cyclohexane, Neo-Hexane; System 2: Neo-Hexane, Iso-Octane; System 3: Cyclohexane, Iso-Octane; At Atmospheric Pressure, Robert Halper

Theses

Vapor liquid equilibria studies were conducted on three systems at atmospheric pressure. The systems represented were: -

System #1 - Neo-hexane, cyclohexane.

System #2 Neo-hexane, isooctane.

System #3 - Cyclohexane, isooctane.

The object of these studies was: -

1. To obtain reliable experimental data on the above systems that would enable the plot of a series of characteristic curves.

2. To test the experimental data for thermodynamic consistency.

3. To correlate the data with the best of several theoretical equations as represented by Van Lear, Margules, Scatchard-Hamer or Redlich-Kister.

Nucleus 1958, Newark College Of Engineering

Yearbooks

This is a digitized, downloadable version of the Newark College of Engineering Nucleus.

The Bulletin: Newark College Of Engineering, Graduate Division, 1958-1959, New Jersey Institute Of Technology

Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Activity Coefficients Of Gases In Binary Mixtures, John Robert Armbruster

Theses

The theory of vapor phase activity coefficients for binary mixtures has been developed. The equations, calculation procedures and sample calculations are presented using two recently proposed methods of Joffe. These methods are then compared to the three methods presented by Engleman.

These two methods have been employed to calculate activity coefficients for 236 experimental points. The deviations of calculated values from experimental values were also determined. The systems considered are Argon - Ethylene, hydrogen - Nitrogen, Methane - Ethane, Methane - n - Butane evaluated over wide ranges of pressure, temperature and mol fraction.

From analysis of the time required …

Vapor-Liquid Equilibria, Vincent De Paul Brown

Theses

The thesis was undertaken for the purpose of testing available experimental vapor-liquid equilibrium data for thermodynamic consistency, with a view to finding an intercorrelation of the activity coefficient-concentration curves, for different groups of systems, as a function of the intercepts. It was hoped that a correlation using molar volumes, parachor volumes, or molecular weights would be developed which could be explained on the basis of hydrogen bonding.

The Redlich and Kister^{1 equations were used to smooth the experimental data and to obtain values for the constants B, C and D. Redlich and Kister state that these constants serve as …}

Kinetics Of Chromium-Hydrogen Ion Exchange, Frank Joseph Klosowski, Alfred John Meinhardt

Theses

In this investigation the rates of trivalent-univalent cation exchange in a stirred batch reactor for the chromic ion-Dovex 50 system have been measured. The progress of the reaction has been followed continuously by measuring the change in hydrogen ion concentration of the bulk solution as a function of time with a Beckman pH Meter having external electrodes immersed in the reaction mixture.

This work has been undertaken to determine the rate-controlling mechanism of the reaction, and the influence of agitator speed, particle size, and solution concentration on the rate of exchange. Agitator speed. studied, as limited by the equipment, are …

Zone Refining Of Anthracene, Charles Poultney Perot

Theses

The process of zone refining involves the passage of a molten zone along a rod of solid. As the zone progresses, composition of the material freezing out generally differs from that melting, so solutes are redistributed. Enrichment of the major component occurs toward one end of the rod. (Usually the end of frozen.)

In the present work, impure anthracene was subjected to zone refining. Feed first run was C.P. anthracene with a known impurity of 2.0% phenanthrene. After two passes no phenanthren was detectable in the first layer frozen. (Analysis was by ultra-violet spectrophotometry.) Although the zones melted out were …

Nucleus 1957, Newark College Of Engineering

Yearbooks

This is a digitized, downloadable version of the Newark College of Engineering Nucleus.

An Analysis Of Predetermined Time Systems, Richard Otto Schmid

Theses

This paper endeavors to compare three predetermined time systems, namely; Work-Factor, Methods-Time Measurement and Basic Motion Time-study, elemental-by-elemental, through the use of a series of detailed analyses. The following information in the form of conclusions and recommendations has been set forth from the investigation of the various comparative analyses contained herein:

1. Reasons for the variation between the elementals.

2. A chronological order of attack for further study with an eye to accomplishing the most in the shortest possible time.

3. The results of a composite analysis which utilizes the most realistic elemental definitions of the three systems. (This includes the comparison of …

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The Bulletin: Newark College Of Engineering, Graduate Division, 1957-1958, New Jersey Institute Of Technology

Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Heat Transfer Coefficients In An Agitated Vessel Using Verticle-Tube Baffles, Edward Joseph Barrasso

Theses

Data are presented to show the effect of impeller speed, impeller type, and fluid properties on the forced-convection film coefficient of heat transfer for verticle tubes in a cylindrical vessel. A generalized equation to predict the film coefficient of heat transfer on the outside of verticle tubes in an agitated vessel for both cooling and heating is also presented. This equation may be used to estimate the necessary areas of heat transfer for verticle tubes in an agitated vessel within the degree of accuracy required from most engineering calculations.

This study was the first initiated to develop an equation to …

Liquid-Gas Flow In Venturi Meter And Sharp Edged Orifice, Frank John Chwalek

Theses

The results of a study of pressure drops across a 5/32 inch throat venturi meter and a 5/32 inch thin plate sharp-edged orifice for the horizontal cocurrent, flow of the air-water two-phase two-fluid system in a 3/4 inch pipe under essentially isothermal conditions, are presented. This is the first critical study of two phase flow in a Venturi meter and. in a 5/32" orifice.

Flows of water of 0.1 to 1.7 gallons per minute with air rates in range of 0.00022 lbs/sec. to 0.0092 lbs/sec. of air mixed in were studied. All flows were turbulent when judged with the conventional …

Electrodeposition Of Cellulose And Carboxy-Methylcellulose, Charles Edward Driesens Jr.

Theses

The previous work done by Frank Cozzarelli on the eleotrodeposition of cellulose from a sodium zincate-urea-cellulose system has been verified, except that zinc was found to deposit on the cathode at all voltages and current densities within the range of the optimum conditions for deposition. The optimum conditions are: voltage - 1.10 to 1.28 volts; current density 0.13 to 1.10 amperes/square foot; electrode material - copper. Current efficiencies range from 0.80 to 5.53%.

A chelate-like complex formed from the sodium zincate and urea which couples with the cellulose has been proposed as a possible explaination of the mechanism governing the …

Effect Of Concentration On The Mass Transfer Coefficient In The Liquid Film, Marvin Baker Schaffer, Philip Major Pomerantz

Theses

The effect of liquid concentration on the resistance to mass transfer across the liquid film is studied for an acetone-methyl isobutyl ketone-air system in a packed tower. The liquid film resistance is computed by measuring the overall resistance for various concentrations and subtracting the gas film resistance. The gas film resistance is determined at the same liquid and gas rates by measurements on the pure components.

In the theory developed to handle the calculations, it is assumed that the interface temperatures are the wet-bulb temperatures based on a dynamic equilibrium. This supposition is supported experimentally at a liquid rate of …

Nucleus 1956, Newark College Of Engineering

Yearbooks

This is a digitized, downloadable version of the Newark College of Engineering Nucleus.

A Study Of The Functional Stability Of Sunscreen Compounds, Jesse Howard Starkman

Theses

Previous work reported in literature, indicates that commercial sunscreen compounds were subject to breakdown on exposure to ultraviolet radiation with consequent change in their functional efficiencies.

These findings ware retested under conditions more closely approximating actual usage.

A new method of evaluation which closely correlates to actual experience in large scale usage, was applied. This method provides, from simple spectral data, a reliable index of physiological efficiency of the sunscreen compound. As a result, twelve commercial sunscreen compounds were exposed to ultraviolet radiation for varying periods. Analysis indicated that, contrary to the previous reports, no significant Changes in physiological efficiency …

The Bulletin: Newark College Of Engineering, Graduate Division, 1956-1957, New Jersey Institute Of Technology

Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

The Recovery Of Krypton From Dilute Gas Mixtures By Elution Techniques, David Graham Brown

Theses

An analytical method has been empirically developed for the analysis of dilute inorganio inert gas mixtures.

The method is based on a combined sorption-elution technique which makes possible the resolving of complex inert gas mixtures into their constituents.

Particularly the recovery of krypton from dilute gas mixtures was accomplished. Recovery efficiencies were as high as ninety-eight percent, while the average krypton purity was better than ninety-nine percent.

Bis Phenol Epichlorohydrin Condensate Modification Of Alkyd Resins, Raymond Francis Carmody

Theses

A method is given for the modification of alkyd resin systems with Bis-Phanol Epichlorohydrin Condensates.

The properties of the modified alkyd resins are evaluated using similar unmodified alkyd resins as reference.

A theory of linear esterification is postulated.

The Analogy Between Heat And Mass Transfer In Packed Beds, Jasper Joseph Correnti

Theses

An operation which recurs in many branches of chemical engineering is that in which a fluid - gas or liquid - is passed through a bed of granular solids for the purpose of removing from, or adding something to the fluid (or both). In the oil and sugar industries, oils or syrups are passed through beds of adsorbents to remove impurities causing color and other undesireable effects. In the recovery of volatile solvents, air charged with solvent vapor is passed over solid adsorbents. In leaching, liquids are passed through beds of solids to remove some constituent of the solids. In …

Prediction Of Vapor-Liquid Equilibria, Daniel James Mchale

Theses

Several equations for predicting vapor-liquid equilibria from the physical properties of the components have been proposed in the literature. Two equations of this type proposed by O. Redlich and others have been investigated to determine their utility.

Results indicate the two equations give fairly satisfactory results for nearly ideal solutions, but are unsatisfactory for non-ideal solutions. Knowledge of molecular interactions in the solution would be necessary before the predictions could be used with confidence.

Power Characteristics Of Disc Type Agitator Impellers, Isadore Rubin

Theses

Experiments were conducted to determine the power required to drive disc type agitators and to observe the flowpattern and type of agitation produced in a baffled tank.

Power was measured by determining electrical energy input to a motor and subtracting motor transmission and friction losses previously established by calibration. Impellers were operated at speeds from 600 to 3700 RPM.

Power requirements in the turbulent flow region were correlated by the equation HP = PoL⁵N³ρ/550gc which was derived theoretically.

Reports of previous work on agitator power are discussed.

The Power Numbers (Po) established for the turbulent range, …

Isobaric Heat Capacity Of Propylene Over A Wide Range Of Temperature And Pressure, Joseph Patrick Tassoney

Theses

This work was done to make possible more accurate design calculatioas for processes that require accurate data on the heat capacity of propylene at elevated temperatures and pressures.

The effect of pressure and temperature on the isobaric heat opacity and the heat capacity at constant volume for propylene relative to the ideal gas state is presented. The results cover pressures from 0 to 9,500 PSIA and temperatures from 350°F. to 2240°F.

An equation was derived from the Benedict-Webb-Rubin equation of state. This equation gives the deviation from the ideal gas state of the isobaric heat capacity of propylene for the …

A Generalized Correlation For The Effect Of Pressure On The Isobaric Heat Capacity Of Gases, Alvin Harvey Weiss

Theses

A generalized correlation is submitted for the deviation of the isobaric heat capacity of hydrocarbons from the ideal state. The range of conditions included is from reduced pressure = 0.2 - 15 and reduced temperature = 1.0 - 5.5. The curves presented have been based on data calculated from the Benedict - Webb - Rubin Equation of State, which is believed to be the most accurate method presently available for caleulating the heat capacity deviation.

The results indicate that the order of magnitude of the correction ts quite large, especially in the critical region. The average absolute error of this …

The Effect Of Reduced Pressure On Variables In Distillation, Joseph Peter Cummins

Theses

To determine the effects of reduced pressure on pressure drop and holdup in distillations seven different liquids were distilled at varying rates at atmospheric pressure and under vacuum at pressures down to 50 mm Hg, using protruded stainless steel packing. Pressure drop and holdup were found to vary exponentially with masste at each pressure. At constant mass rate pressure drop was higher for decreased head pressure. Use of material of higher molecular weight led to lower pressure drop at same rate and pressure. Greatest effect of pressure on pressure drop was observed below 300 mm Hg. Liquid holdup was not …

Variation Of Thickness Of Hard Anodic Films, Alphons Raymond O'Konski

Theses

An investigation was made of the effects of varying processing conditions on the thickness of anodic films produced by the Martin Hard Coat (4) process on commercially pure aluminum and nine aluminum alloys.

This study was conducted to provide sufficient data for designing coating thicknesses on aircraft accessory parts that would conform to the close tolerances maintained in the course of manufacture of precision components. Coating thicknesses up to 0.0051 in. were obtained. Changes in electrolyte strength, temperature of the bath, alloy composition, and current density were made to see their effect on the thickness of the film and growth …

Nucleus 1955, Newark College Of Engineering

Yearbooks

This is a digitized, downloadable version of the Newark College of Engineering Nucleus.

Application Of Theory To Extrusion Of Polyethylene, Ernest Edward Griesser

Theses

This thesis reviews the theory of isothermal melt extrusion beginning with the writings of early researchers up to its present state. The isothermal extrusion of a near-Newtonian liquid is compared to polyethylene, using five different extrusion screws, and calculated discharge rates are compared to the actual rates for both materials. A method of calculating forward flow was developed and this was shown to provide very good correlation with actual dis-charge rates.

Non-isothermal or plasticating extrusion of polyethylene was also studied and comparison is made to isothermal melt extrusion. The results obtained with the various types of screws studied are also …

The Bulletin: Newark College Of Engineering, Graduate Division, 1955-1956, New Jersey Institute Of Technology

Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Benedict's Equation For Calculation Of Critical Pressures Of Hydrocarbon Mixtures, Thomas William Owens

Theses

An introduction to the problem of critical pressure calculations of mixtures is presented, followed by a brief history of prior work in this field. Mentioned in the history are the correlations of Watson and Nelson, Smith and Watson, Mayfield, Kuratta and Katz, Benedict, and Edmister. Another section contains a series of tables showing critical pressure calculated by Benedict's equation as contrasted to other data appearing in the literature. An evaluation of the equation is then made from the comparisons.

Included are curves of the values shown in the tables end a series of curves depicting the deviation of these values …