Digital Commons Network^™

A Detailed Mechanism For Initial Phases Of Oxidation And Pyrolysis Of Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether (Mtbe), Wen-Chiun Ing

Theses

The lead phasedown in gasoline in both the U. S. and in Europe, the failure of other nonlead oxygenates (e.g. ethanol...) to significantly improve octance ratings and therefore to serve as replacement for tetra ethyl lead in gasline, and the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency's restrictions on gasoline RVP (Reid Vapor Pressure) to decrease tropospheric ozone concentrations are the factors causing the rapid growth in MTBE demand. There is however no detailed chemical kinetic study on the thermal or oxidative reactions of MTBE for full understanding the behavior and characteristics of MTBE and its degradation products during combustion processes.

Detailed …

Edge Matching Of Aerial Scenery Using Fourier Descriptors, Ananth Kittappa

Theses

In this report an integrated method of classifying aerial images as related to photo stereo grammetry is discussed. In this method, an investigation of Fourier descriptors as features for the edge matching approach is carried out. The efficient calculation of the Fourier Descriptors is made possible by applying the polygonal approximation method to the original edges. In order for the features to be invariant to rotation, scaling and starting point shift, a normalization technique is adopted. Initially the Fourier Descriptors are tested for synthesized test datasets and it was proved that the variances of the Normalized Fourier Descriptors was a …

Landmark-Based Shape Recognition By A Modified Hopfield Neural Network, Kuowei Li

Theses

In this thesis, we introduce a new thethod to achieve partial shape recognition by means of a modified Hopfield neural network. To recognize partially visible object, we represent each object by a set of "landmarks." The landmarks of an object are points of interest relative to the object that have important shape attributes. Given a scene consisting of partially occluded objects, a model object in the scene is hypothesized by matching the landmarks of the model with those in the scene. A measure of similarity between two landmarks, one from a model and the other from the scene, is needed …

Landmark-Based Partial Shape Recognition By A Two-Stage Bam Neural Network, Xianjun Liu

Theses

In this thesis, we develop a Bitfirectional Associative Memory (BAM) based neural network to achieve partial shape recognition. To recognize objects which are partially occluded, we represent each object by a set of landmarks. The landmarks of an object are points of interest relative to the object that have important shape attributes. To achieve recognition, feature values (landmark values) of each model object are trained and stored in the network. Each memory cell is trained to store landmark values of a model object for all possible positions. Given a scene which may consist of several objects, landmarks in the scene …

Decomposing Non-Product Form Queuing Lattices Through Simulated Annealing, Jr-Chin Lin

Theses

A random, heuristic search called Simulated Annealing is adapted to decompose the state transition lattice of Non-Product Form Queuing Models. Simulated Annealing Algorithm has been successfully applied to a number of optimization problem such as The Traveling Salesman Problem, Graph Partionning, Physical Computer Design, VLSI Chip Design, Image Processing,... etc. It has the advantage over other gradient descent techniques to solve the combinatorial problems. The solution can escape from local minimum by adding Boltzmann Distribution Factor to the algorithm. Most lattice of non-product form queuing models can be decomposed into Solvable Subsets through this algorithm, and solvable subset is the …

Characteristic Shape Recognition With Fuzzy Dustering, Kalpesh J. Patel

Theses

The problem of shape detection has been treated as one of clustering. A fuzzy-shell clustering(FSC) has been formulated as non linear least squares with fuzzy memberships as weights. An improved FSC algorithm has been proposed based on this formulation to partition the input feature vectors into hyper-spheres. To illustrate the usefulness of improved FSC we have provided numerous examples in 2-D space. The idea has been extended to fuzzy ellipsoidal-shell clustering (rESC). A FESC algorithm has been proposed to partition the input feature vectors into ellipsoidal patterns. To substantiate our claims regarding usefulness of this algorithm we have provided many …

Microengineered Thermal Conductivity Vacuum Pressure Sensor, Sanjay Talreja

Theses

This thesis details the first designs for microengineered vacuum pressure gauges based on silicon microelectronic technology. A monolithic polysilicon air-bridge structure (supported at both ends), within a Wheatstone bridge circuit, is used as a pressure sensor. The device utilizes the change of the thermal conductivity of a gas with ambient gas pressure. The doubly supported beam functions as a temperature sensitive resistor with a negative temperature coefficient of resistivity. Thermal change of resistance monitored as a measure of ambient pressure constitutes the basis of operation for this sensor. The sensor operates over the pressure ranging from 1 Torr to 10 …

Reflection And Transmission Through Achiral-Chiral Interface, Jia-Feng Wang

Theses

Electromagnetic wave propagation through an achiral-chiral interface is analyzed via Maxwell's equations using the appropriate boundary conditions. Experimental data for reflected power from achiral-chiral interface was found to be in qualitative agreement with the analytical results. In addition, coupled mode equations for chiral cladding waveguides were derived and solved for weak coupling. The experimental results of chiral cladding waveguides show that an average of about 0.2° per cm in polarization rotation occurred. These waveguides were fabricated by using spin-coating deposition. The sense of the rotation was found to be independent of the handness of the cladding chirality, which was predicted …

Modeling And Analysis Of Electrical Properties Of Polycrystalline Silicon Films, Yunsheng Wang

Theses

In recent years, investigations on polysilicon grain structures have shown that all polysilicon films by LPCVD which are most used in today's integrated circuits are columnar in structure. In this work, a square columnar grain structure has been considered to model electrical properties of polycrystalline silicon films instead of all previous one-dimensional grain structure models. By solving Poisson's equation with certain boundary conditions, we find that the barrier height at the corners of the grain is lower than that in the one-dimensional case. Assuming the trapping state energy level as constant, we also find that this level has a value …

Design And Simulation Of Submicron Microelectronic Vacuum Triodes, Hou-Jun Wang

Theses

This thesis presents the first design and detailed Simulation of submicron vacuum microelectronic triodes static characteristics. In this thesis a new 5-electrode active device is emphasized.

These devices have potentially important advantages over semiconductor devices. They can be used in extreme environments. The picosecond transit time for internal electron ballistics provide optimism for very fast devices applications. It appears reasonable to fabricate these devices using standard VLSI processing equipment. Further, the micron dimension makes " vacuum microelectronic chips" a reasonable goal.

Devices are characterized for static parameters including electron trajectories, electric field contours, and voltage potential contours. The field emission …

A Quantization Noise Feedback Technique In Pyramid Image Coding, Zhili Lin

Theses

In communication, we frequently encounter the problem about the trans-mission rate and quantization noise. That is, small quantization noise or high fidelity definitely increases transmission rate, or large quantization noise or low fidelity might require low transmission rate. In our research, we developed a quantization noise feedback technique, with which quantization noise can be reduced greatly at a given transmission rate. We applied this technique in pyramid image coding environment. An error analysis in frequency domain was carried out. Error estimation for pyramid image coding with and without quantization noise feedback was made. Finally, plenty of computer simulation confirms our …

Max/Min : A Novel Rank Order Based Filter Family, Raafat E. Kamel

Theses

In the early development of signal and image processing, linear filters were the primary tools. Their mathematical simplicity made them easy to design and implement. They also offered satisfactory performance in many applications. However, they show poor performance in other cases, such as image processing.

Nonlinear filtering offered a solution to these problems. Nonlinear filtering has undergone a lot development for a long time. Among the first known nonlinear filters was the median filter, which was proposed by Tukey. Median filter preserves signal or image details better compared to a linear filter. Later other nonlinear filters were developed, including median …

Graduate Catalog, 1990-1992, New Jersey Institute Of Technology, New Jersey Institute Of Technology

Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Comparative Analysis Of Single And Double Dwell Acquisition Schemes, Gurinder Singh Ahluwalia

Theses

Single and double dwell pseudonoise (PN) acquisition systems are described, explained and analyzed. These systems are designed to synchronize a locally generated PN signal with a received PN signal of unknown phase in the presence of noise. The mean, variance and an approximate probability distribution function (PDF) of the acquisition time for the single and double dwell PN acquisition schemes is developed. Intuitively, the double dwell acquisition system should be superior to the single dwell system because of the ability to quickly dismiss incorrect cells and further verify probable hits. It is shown analytically that this is in fact true …

Taiwan's Economic Development, Liwen Chang

Theses

Development, by definition, brings new resources into a society that allow for a higher standard of living. Many developing nations which changed from a traditional survival type society to a self-supporting society experienced a high rate of economic growth after the World War II. No matter what route these countries or regions took to success, in the process of development they all faced similar international trade and balance of payments problems.

This paper presents a case study of Taiwan as a developing country's model. Taiwan certainly qualifies as a successful example of development. Although there is really no complete normative …

Hardware Algorithms For Computing Transcendental Functions, Xin-Pei Gong

Theses

The COordinate Rotation Digital Computer(CORDIC) is a special-purpose digital computer for real-time airborne computation. In this computer, a unique computing technique is employed which is especially suitable for solving the trigonometric relationships. A new computing technique based on the CORDIC algorithm is developed to reduce the number of iterations by one half for each input angle. This improvement is accomplished. by scanning multiple bits of the input angle(in our case, two) at a time. The CORDIC equations are rewritten accordingly and a hardware implementation structure is also presented. The results of the software simulation of the new algorithm are as …

Decomposing Non-Product Form Queuing Lattices Through Genetic Algorithm, Wei Han

Theses

In this paper, a Genetic Algorithm technique is adapted to decompose the state transition lattice of a class of non-product form queueing models. Genetic Algorithms are search algorithms based upon the mechanics of natural genetics. They combine a survival-of-the-fittest among string structures with a structured, yet randomized, information exchange to form a search algorithm with some of the innovative flair of human search. While randomized, genetic algorithms are no simple random walk. They efficiently exploit historical information to speculate on new search points with improved performance. Here genetic algorithms is applied to a non-product queueing lattices optimization problem. Only the …

Improving Solids Conveying In Plasticating Extruders : An Investigation Into Manufacturing Processes And Manufacturing Systems For Profiled Thermoplastic Pellets, Oommen Cherian

Theses

The objective of the thesis is the manufacture of thermoplastic bilobal and trilobal profiled pellets for the determination of the interparticulate co-efficient of friction exhibited by solid beds of such pellets. The enhancement of the interparticulate coefficient of friction is expected to lead to ameliorated solids conveying rates in plasticating extruders.

Predicting the product shape from a profile die is very difficult due to the elastic memory of plastics and the complex boundary conditions. Consequently the cost involved in experimenting with different profile dies is high. Therefore a standard die with several die inserts of varying cross-sections were used to …

Small Disturbance Stability As Affected By Excitation Controls, Alfredo Flores

Theses

The effect of excitation control systems on the power system's small disturbance stability limits has been investigated in this thesis. Three excitation control schemes namely the proportional, fast?acting and the modified fast?acting have been studied.

The stability results were predicted directly in terms of the AVR gain controlling parameters following one?dimensional and two?dimensional frequency domain separation technique. The necessary algorithms and computer simulation programs have been developed.

In case of a modified fast?acting excitation control with three unknown variables, a procedure has been proposed to obtain the stability results by extending the two?dimensional frequency domain separation technique.

Computer Aided Localization Of Neurological Diseases, Yusuf Parlar

Dissertations

Computers in medicine has brought new dimensions and better understanding of uncertainties in the field of medical sciences in the last decade. This thesis is focused upon the localization of neurological lesions in the human nervous system. It relates clinical neurological test outcomes to pathways of function or malfunction. Certain methods are proposed-empirical. stochastic. Deterministic-to estimate the spatial distributions of lesion probabilities.

First. a Bayesian model is presented to estimate the posterior probability of lesion from a priori information, based on the test outcomes. Due to unavailable data alternative methods and models are presented: Regression Analysis. Monte Carlo simulation, and …

On The Performance Of Minimum Redundancy Array For Multisource Direction Finding, Byung-Seub Lee

Dissertations

As an application of power spectrum estimation, the multi-source direction finding has been evolved from conventional FFT method to Superresolution methods such as Multiple Signal Classification(MUSIC) algorithm. Uniform Regular Array(URA) was mainly used in all these approaches.

The Minimum Redundancy array(MRA); a non-uniform thinned array which results in an input signals covariance matrix with minimum redundancy has been shown to have certain interesting properties for spectrum estimation. Only recently it was suggested to use the MRA for spatial estimation. The purpose of this research was to study the performance of this array in multi-source direction finding estimation and compare it …

Computer Modeling And Analysis Of Biological Rhythms, Shi Xiong Yang

Dissertations

Biological rhythms are an important phenomenon and feature of physiologic systems. Indirect means have to be employed for their description and exploration due to the unclear internal nature of the system. This study analyzed and developed several possible mathematical models using single or multidimensional nonlinear differential equations to approach the experimental circadian data. The numerical solutions of the models were obtained by computer simulation and the simulated and experimental acquired circadian data were analyzed in both the time and frequency domains. Phase plane plots, phase response curves and power spectrum analysis were employed to determine the nonlinearity of the system …

1990 Nucleus, Dynamically Driven, New Jersey Institute Of Technology

Yearbooks

This is a digitized, downloadable version of the New Jersey Institute of Technology Nucleus.

Mass Transfer Of Hazardous Organic Compounds In Soil Matrices Relevant To Thermal Desorption/Incineration, Jong-In Dong

Dissertations

Soils contaminated with hazardous organic compounds have been known to threaten human health both directly through various contact mechanisms and indirectly through leaching or transfer to the food chain. Thermal desorption of contaminated soil matrices with secondary treatment of the effluent gases (collection, incineration, etc) is one of most feasible and developing technologies for cleaning of contaminated soils. There is, however, little known about the mass transfer principles of organic contaminants through the heated soil matrices. The objectives of this study is, therefore, to learn and understand details of the mass transfer processes of organic compounds in these soil matrices. …

A Comparative Study Of Edge Detection Techniques, Jaskaran Singh Dhaliwal

Theses

The problem of detecting edges in gray level digital images is considered. A literature survey of the existing methods is presented. Based on the survey, two methods that are well accepted by a majority of investigators are identified. The methods selected are: 1) Laplacian of Gaussian (LoG) operator, and 2) An optimal detector based on maxima in gradient magnitude of a Gaussian-smoothed image. The latter has been proposed by Canny[], and will be referred as Canny's method. The purpose of the thesis is to compare the performance of these popular methods. In order to increase the scope of such comparison, …

An Artificial Neural Network For Redundant Robot Inverse Kinematics Computation, Wibawa Utama

Theses

A redundant manipulator can be defined as a manipulator that has more degrees of freedom than necessary to determine the position and orientation of the end effector. Such a manipulator has dexterity, flexibility, and the ability to maneuver in presence of obstacles. One important and necessary step in utilizing a redundant robot is to relate the joint coordinates of the manipulator with the position and orientation of the end-effector. This specification is termed as the direct kinematics problem and can be written as x = f(q)
where x is a vector representing the position and orientation of the end-effector, q …

An Investigation Of The Dynamics Of Abrasive Waterjet Formation, Md. Ekramul Hasan Khan

Theses

The aim of this research was to investigate the jet formation and the jet behavior, as characterized by the velocity field, the force exerted by the jet on a work-piece and the jet geometry. The velocity and force distributions were measured using a laser transit anemometer (LTA) and a piezoelectric force transducer (PFT) respectively for constant water pressure (334.6 MPa) supply. The jet structure and its instantaneous behavior were visualized by the used of high speed filming. LTA and PFT measuring techniques were established and verified. The measurements were performed under different operating conditions. It was found that at a …

Statistical Process Control For High Precision Deep Drawn Sheet Metal Parts, Sunil S. Shah

Theses

In today's world, industrial expertise has come to be judged in terms of the quality of the product. Good quality has become the ultimate aim in a manufacturing environment, which leads to many innovations for ease in the inspection of parts. In considering a metal working company like Hudson Tool & Die Company, a study of the various operations and the application of Statistical Process Control to the forming operations is performed using STORM software. Important characteristics have been carefully studied with regards to metal forming like uniform metal thickness, radius of the bend, depth of the drawing operation. In-depth …

Multiprocessor System Design Tutor : Expert System Approach, Rakesh Kamdar

Theses

To increase computational bandwidth and system resilience, integration of several microprocessors in a single system becomes necessary. The overall throughput and efficiency of such a system is directly dependent on the hardware and software interconnection supported by the basic microprocessor chip. Sometimes it becomes difficult to put together all the information for design criteria and all the design related formulas.

The approach made here is to continuously update the hardware and software information in the database related to a given microprocessor. This information can be accessed at any time for efficient design solution. Intel 80386 and Motorola 68020 microprocessors are …

A Study Of The Effects Of Weighting Matrices In Power System State Estimation, Yanshi Wang

Theses

The effects of weighting matrices that may be used in the Weighted Least Squares (WLS) method when applied to the problem of Power System State Estimation (PSSE) are studied. These weighting matrices include the one usually used in the literature and the one used in the utility PSSE programs

The performances of these weighting matrices are compared using the Monte Carlo simulation technique.

To test the performances of the weighting matrices, a PSSE program is developed, different performance indices for state comparison are defined, and many cases are studied.

Results show that the weighting matrix usually used in literature, 1/σ², …