Digital Commons Network^™

Mechanical Design Of The Heater Used In Near Infrared Filter, Jun Ma

Theses

This thesis presents a design and analytical process in the application of the heater used in a near infrared filter working in Big Bear Solar Observatory, CA. The objective of the project is to achieve the physics parameters for the filter, which will be used in the observation of the solar activity.

The most important part of this design is to keep a relatively fixed temperature inside the oven-like heater. The reason is that optical properties of calcite (kind of filter in telescope) are pretty sensitive to a tiny disturbance on inside temperature. This was the biggest issue in this …

Computationally Efficient Search For Large Primes, Wieslawa E. Amber

Theses

To satisfy the speed of communication and to meet the demand for the continuously larger prime numbers, the primality testing and prime numbers generating algorithms require continuous advancement. To find the most efficient algorithm, a need for a survey of methods arises. Concurrently, an urge for the analysis of algorithms' performances emanates. The critical criteria in the analysis of the prime numbers generation are the number of probes, number of generated primes, and an average time required in producing one prime. Hence, the purpose of this thesis is to indicate the best performing algorithm. The survey the methods, establishment of …

Initial Hertzian Characteristics Of The Human Tooth As A Damage Tolerant Bio-Ceramic/Bio-Composite Bi-Layer, Ivory Camille Kilpatrick

Theses

The objective of this thesis was to investigate the Hertzian Contact response of human teeth and how the response behavior is related to that of model ceramic bi-layers (high modulus brittle ceramics on compliant substrates). Hertzian Contact is a blunt indentation method, which uses a hard spherical indenter to apply a normal compressive load. Clinical variables of masticatory (occlusal) force and cuspal curvature identify closely with the independent Hertzian variables of contact load and sphere radius [1]. This method offers insight into the role of microstructure and microstructure- sensitive mechanical properties. It was hypothesized that tooth damage modes and patterns …

Njit Highlanders Women's Volleyball 2001 Media Guide, New Jersey Institute Of Technology Athletic Department

Volleyball - Women's

No abstract provided.

Parametric Study Of Heavy Metal Partitioning In A Pilot Scale Incinerator Burning Simulated Municipal Solid Waste, Sukrut S. Thipse

Dissertations

Incineration is a combustion process used to convert toxic waste to benign gases and residue in presence of excess air. The products of the incineration process are bottom ash, fly ash and the flue gas. Most of the metal-based phases formed in incineration are toxic and their emissions need to be strictly controlled. Therefore, behavior of metal species during incineration must be well understood. Such understanding is possible based on the experimental identification of the metal phases formed in the waste combustion and determination of their concentration in various incineration products.

A pilot-scale incinerator of 140,000 Btu/hr capacity was constructed, …

Turbo Space-Time Coded Modulation : Principle And Performance Analysis, Dongzhe Cui

Dissertations

A breakthrough in coding was achieved with the invention of turbo codes. Turbo codes approach Shannon capacity by displaying the properties of long random codes, yet allowing efficient decoding. Coding alone, however, cannot fully address the problem of multipath fading channel. Recent advances in information theory have revolutionized the traditional view of multipath channel as an impairment. New results show that high gains in capacity can be achieved through the use of multiple antennas at the transmitter and the receiver. To take advantage of these new results in information theory, it is necessary to devise methods that allow communication systems …

E-Docspros : Exploring Texpros Into E-Business Era, Zhenfu Cheng

Dissertations

Document processing is a critical element of office automation. TEXPROS (TEXt PROcessing System) is a knowledge-based system designed to manage personal documents. However, as the Internet and e-Business changed the way offices operate, there is a need to re-envision document processing, storage, retrieval, and sharing. In the current environment, people must be able to access documents remotely and to share those documents with others. e-DOCPROS (e-DOCument PROcessing System) is a new document processing system that takes advantage of many of TEXPROS's structures but adapts the system to this new environment. The new system is built to serve e-businesses, takes advantage …

Ultrathin Silicon Wafer Bonding Physics And Applications, Michael H. Beggans

Dissertations

Ultrathin silicon wafer bonding is an emerging process that simplifies device fabrication, reduces manufacturing costs, increases yield, and allows the realization of novel devices. Ultrathin silicon wafers are between 3 and 200 microns thick with all the same properties of the thicker silicon wafers (greater than 300 microns) normally used by the semiconductor electronics industry. Wafer bonding is one technique by which multiple layers are formed.

In this thesis, the history and practice of wafer bonding is described and applied to the manufacture of microelectomechanical systems (MEMS) devices with layer thickness on the scale of microns. Handling and processing problems …

Waqs : A Web-Based Approximate Query System, George Jyh-Shian Chang

Dissertations

The Web is often viewed as a gigantic database holding vast stores of information and provides ubiquitous accessibility to end-users. Since its inception, the Internet has experienced explosive growth both in the number of users and the amount of content available on it. However, searching for information on the Web has become increasingly difficult. Although query languages have long been part of database management systems, the standard query language being the Structural Query Language is not suitable for the Web content retrieval.

In this dissertation, a new technique for document retrieval on the Web is presented. This technique is designed …

Broadband Whole Package Fdtd Simulation, Shenjun Li

Dissertations

Whole package analysis is becoming more and more important with the rapid expansion of high frequency electronics. The motivation of this thesis is to find and implement a new method for broadband whole package simulation. 3-dimension (3-D) whole package Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulation result was first reported in detail in this thesis.

The FDTD method is a widely used full-wave time-domain simulation method used in the design and analysis for electromagnetic (EM) systems, such as antennas, wave propagating, and microwave circuits. Absorbing boundary condition (ABC), such as the perfect matched layer (PML) method, makes it possible to accurately …

Augmenting Applications With Hyper Media, Functionality And Meta-Information, Roberto Galnares

Dissertations

The Dynamic Hypermedia Engine (DHE) enhances analytical applications by adding relationships, semantics and other metadata to the application's output and user interface. DHE also provides additional hypermedia navigational, structural and annotation functionality. These features allow application developers and users to add guided tours, personal links and sharable annotations, among other features, into applications. DHE runs as a middleware between the application user interface and its business logic and processes, in a n-tier architecture, supporting the extra functionalities without altering the original systems by means of application wrappers.

DHE automatically generates links at run-time for each of those elements having relationships …

Fractionation & Segregation Of Suspended Particles Using Acoustic And Flow Fields, Nazhat Aboobaker

Dissertations

The fractionation of particles by size or by density has many applications in a variety of technologies. Decontamination and separation of fine sediments is useful in treating sediments. The application of acoustic standing wave fields for the fractionation and segregation of suspended particles was studied.

The above technology was implemented at the bench scale by building a Plexiglas chamber. Two ultrasound transducers were fixed to opposite sides of the chamber to generate the acoustic standing wave field. The technology was evaluated using silica dioxide (Si02) (1-5 ~tm) and silicon carbide (SiQ (5-20 ~tm) particle suspensions in deionized water. Due to …

Volume Change Behavior Of Clay Soils And The Effect On Discrete Fractures, Heather Ann Hall

Dissertations

This study examines the behavior of subsurface fractures in fine-grained soil such as clays in response to changing environmental conditions. Fractures serve as conduits for moisture transfer, which can lead to substantial shrinking and swelling of the surrounding fracture boundary soils. These volume changes, in turn, affect fracture geometry and moisture transmission rates. A new predictive model, termed the 'Fracture Volume Change Model' (FVC Model), has been developed to relate moisture transfer, soil volume change and associated changes in fracture aperture. The model assumes a discrete horizontal fracture in a laterally-infinite, saturated, expansive clay with rigid, outer no-flow boundaries and …

A Dynamical Model Of The Distributed Interaction Of Intracellular Signals, Adrienne C.N. James

Dissertations

A major goal of modern cell biology is to understand the regulation of cell behavior in the reductive terms of all the molecular interactions. This aim is made explicit by the assertion that understanding a cell's response to stimuli requires a full inventory of details. Currently, no satisfactory explanation exists to explain why cells exhibit only a relatively small number of different behavioral modes.

In this thesis, a discrete dynamical model is developed to study interactions between certain types of signaling proteins. The model is generic and "connectionist" in nature and incorporates important concepts from the biology. The emphasis is …

Knowledge-Based Document Retrieval With Application To Texpros, Fang Sheng

Dissertations

Document retrieval in an information system is most often accomplished through keyword search. The common technique behind keyword search is indexing. The major drawback of such a search technique is its lack of effectiveness and accuracy. It is very common in a typical keyword search over the Internet to identify hundreds or even thousands of records as the potentially desired records. However, often few of them are relevant to users' interests.

This dissertation presents knowledge-based document retrieval architecture with application to TEXPROS. The architecture is based on a dual document model that consists of a document type hierarchy and, a …

An Investigation Of Centrifugal Blood-Cell Separation, Timothy Edward Roche

Dissertations

This dissertation investigated the centrifugal, batch separation of whole blood into subpopulations of red blood cells (erythrocytes) and white blood cells (leukocytes). Separations took place in a custom-built centrifuge (using a seal-less, anti-twisting feed/withdrawal system) containing, a 25-ml capacity separation chamber. The blood separation chamber had dart-shaped geometry in the radial plane and a constant depth in the axial direction. Separation experiments were performed on whole bovine blood at varying hematocrit, centrifuge speed, and batch duration. A small, companion study of whole human blood separation runs also were conducted; they concentrated on batch duration effect and achieved superior separations.

A …

Efficient Inversion Methods In Underwater Acoustics, Xiaoqun Ma

Dissertations

This dissertation describes efficient methods developed and implemented for source localization and sound speed and bottom depth estimation using sound propagation in the ocean. The proposed inversion techniques are based on the linearization of the generally non-linear inverse problem of parameter estimation in underwater acoustics. These techniques take into account properties of the ocean environment and are accurate in their estimation results without being prohibitively computationally intensive. For the inversion, select ray paths are taken into account: the direct, first surface bounce, and first bottom bounce. Ray travel time derivatives with respect to parameters that affect path arrival times are …

Near-Field Imaging With Terahertz Pulses, Oleg Mitrofanov

Dissertations

High spatial resolution imaging is implemented with a novel collection mode near-field terahertz (THz) probe. Exceptional sensitivity of the probe allows imaging with spatial resolution of few microns using THz pulses with spectral content of 120 to 1500 microns. In the present study, the principle of the probe operation as well as the probe design and characteristics are described.

The probe performance is related to effective detection of radiation coupled into the probe aperture. Propagation of short single-cycle electromagnetic pulses through apertures as small as 1/300 of the wavelength is experimentally and numerically studied. Finite-difference time-domain method is used to …

Gated Multi-Cycle Integration (Gmci) For Focal Plane Array (Fpa) Applications, Haijiang Ou

Dissertations

In this thesis, the model and the theory of gated multi-cycle integration (GMCI) were first developed specifically for focal plane array dealing with repetitive or modulated image. The operational modes of GMCI include gated integration (GI), phase sensitive integration (PSI), multi-point summation, multi-point subtraction, multi-sample averaging and some of their combinations. Thus, the analytic theory of GMCI somehow unifies the theories of gated integration, phase sensitive detection, multiple summation and average. PSI works with background and/or dark current subtraction. As a result, the storage well of a pixel is mainly used for signal integration even if there exists a strong …

Modeling, Design And Scheduling Of Computer Integrated Manufacturing And Demanufacturing Systems, Ying Tang

Dissertations

This doctoral dissertation work aims to provide a discrete-event system-based methodology for design, implementation, and operation of flexible and agile manufacturing and demanufacturing systems. After a review of the current academic and industrial activities in these fields, a Virtual Production Lines (VPLs) design methodology is proposed to facilitate a Manufacturing Execution System integrated with a shop floor system. A case study on a back-end semiconductor line is performed to demonstrate that the proposed methodology is effective to increase system throughput and decrease tardiness. An adaptive algorithm is proposed to deal with the machine failure and maintenance. To minimize the environmental …

Transit Productivity Analysis In Heterogeneous Conditions Using Data Envelopment Analysis With An Application To Rail Transit, Manuel J. Martinez

Dissertations

This dissertation extends transit productivity analysis by developing a new method of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), the linear programming approach to productivity analysis. The new model analyzes productivity of transit working under heterogeneous operating conditions. It is named Two-Farrell DEA for it applies DEA in two stages, DEA (1), that calculates the productivity frontiers at given operating conditions and DEA (2), that uses inputs adjusted by multipliers calculated in DEA (l). The model Two Farrell DEA calculated productivity benchmarks for each rail transit agency and estimated its potential for higher revenue or lower expense improvement. Additionally, the results identify two …

A Near-Infrared Filter System And Study Of Solar Umbral Dots At 1.6 Μm, Jingshan Wang

Dissertations

The observations of solar magnetic fields are very important because they influence events on the sun. Almost all of magnetographs in the world work in the visible wavelength and they are powerful instruments for measuring strong magnetic fields (above 1000 Gauss) on the sun. To measure the weak solar magnetic fields (below 1000 Gauss), a new filter system (magnetograph) working in near-IR wavelength has been developed in this work. This system includes an interference prefilter (FWHM - 40Å), a liquid crystal magnetic analyzer, a near-IR bireffingent filter (FWHM - 2.5Å), a near-IR Fabry-Perot filter (FWHM - 0.12Å), a near-IR InGaAs …

Joint Source Channel Coding For Progressive Image Transmission, Minyi Zhao

Dissertations

Recent wavelet-based image compression algorithms achieve best ever performances with fully embedded bit streams. However, those embedded bit streams are very sensitive to channel noise and protections from channel coding are necessary. Typical error correcting capability of channel codes varies according to different channel conditions. Thus, separate design leads to performance degradation relative to what could be achieved through joint design. In joint source-channel coding schemes, the choice of source coding parameters may vary over time and channel conditions. In this research, we proposed a general approach for the evaluation of such joint source-channel coding scheme. Instead of using the …

Software And Hardware Improvements For Digital Solar Magnetograph System, Shu Yang

Dissertations

Digital solar imaging systems have been widely used in solar observations. Their high resolution, high rate of image acquisition and convenience for off-line image processing have provided significant improvements to solar physics research. In this project, two digital magnetograph systems established at Big Bear Solar Observatory (BBSO) have been described. One is used to provide a high frame rate magnetogram system, and the other provides a real-time image alignment, i.e., a correlation tracker system.

The developed correlation tracker system consists of a high-speed 64x64 CCD camera, an EDT image grabbing board, an agile mirror, a D/A board and a Sun …

Novel Multiuser Detection And Multi-Rate Schemes For Multi-Carrier Cdma, Pingping Zong

Dissertations

A large variety of services is [sic] expected for wireless systems, in particular, high data rate services, such as wireless Internet access. Users with different data rates and quality of service (QoS) requirements must be accommodated. A suitable multiple access scheme is key to enabling wireless systems to support both the high data rate and the integrated multiple data rate transmissions with satisfactory performance and flexibility. A multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA) scheme is a promising candidate for emerging broadband wireless systems. MC-CDMA is a hybrid of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and code division multiple access (CDMA). The …

Nucleus 2001: Hit The Ground Running, New Jersey Institute Of Technology

Yearbooks

This is a digitized, downloadable version of the New Jersey Institute of Technology Nucleus.

A Software System For Large-Scale Structural Optimization, Keith M. Macbain

Dissertations

This work is driven by recent developments in mathematical programming, the state-of-the-art of structural optimization, the spectacular performance of linear programming algorithms, and computer hardware developments which imply that applications of structural optimization might be used commonly in engineering design. Currently, there are few general purpose optimization routines available to the structural engineer and much of the work has addressed specific classes of problems. Further, there is little widespread use of the available routines, partly due to the large amount of familiarity one must have with the specific details of both the problem and the optimization method. In response, it …

Force And Effort Analysis Of Unfastening Actions In Disassembly Processes, Manuela Sonnenberg

Dissertations

Fastening is the process of connecting one or more parts together with the aid of fastening elements. Unfastening, the reverse of fastening, is the process of separating components from each other by removing or detaching fastening elements. So far, the unfastening process is not well understood, and the analysis about it is not very extensive.

However, the need for disassembly is currently increasing. First, parts have to be taken apart for service and repair, and secondly, for the recycling process. Therefore, there is a need to consider unfastening during the design process in order to enable efficient disassemblies.

The purpose …

Silicon Based Ir Filters, Prakash Mokashi

Theses

The design and fabrication of silicon based IR (Infrared) filters for high-speed optical communication systems are the topic of this thesis. Its novelty is in two aspects: 1) Use of silicon wafers as an optical guiding medium; 2) Use of wafer bonding technique to attach two optical elements together.

The structure consists of two optical waveguides, the bus waveguide and the drop channel waveguide. A ring on top of these waveguides couples them in such a way that only one narrow spectral line is removed from the bus waveguides which propagates in the dropchannel waveguide. The assembly is fabricated using …

Decision Making Based On Quantitative And Qualitative Evaluations, Rohan A. Pandit

Theses

This study emphasizes mainly on the influence of evaluations, both qualitative and quantitative, on decision making for many occasions that occur in business and technically oriented settings. Decisions made with a certain fuzzy as wen as technical behavior are structured by means of computer-assisted decision-making tools. Decision support tools assist decision makers in making crucial decisions. For instance the tool that has been designed for the purpose of this research will be used for selecting capital-intensive products. It is also intended to prove that with the help of decision support systems decision makers could make decisions by reducing fuzzy decision …