Digital Commons Network^™

Finite Element Modeling Of Temperature Elevation Due To Nir Exposure In Neural Tissue, Atabek Can Yucel

Theses

Near infrared (NIR) lasers have been used in various types of medical applications. Heating is one of the most important concerns in the neural tissue when illuminated with NIR light. Rodent models are frequently used to study laser-tissue interactions. As a part of ongoing research project in the neural interface laboratory, direct measurements of temperature in the rat brain cortex as a response to a pulsed sequence of NIR laser beam are available. In this thesis, finite element modeling approach is used to model and simulate the temperature elevation in neural tissue under the effect of NIR laser pulsing. Steady …

Synthesis And Characterization Of New Light Emitting Probes For Sensitive Detection Of Bio-Molecules And Live Cells, Shyamala Pravin Pillai

Dissertations

A variety of contemporary analytical platforms in technical and biological applications take advantage of labeling the objects of interest with fluorescent or luminescent tracers. Luminescent tracers take advantage of the unique property of some lanthanide metals to absorb and emit light. Long lifetime of lanthanide emission allows temporal gating of the signal, which avoids the short-lived background of interfering sample components. This property in combination with large Stokes shift contributes to extreme sensitivity of detection (ca. 10^-13-10^-14 M), which makes lanthanide-based probes suitable for large variety of challenging tasks ( e.g., intracellular detection of single DNA/RNA, or …

Extension To Pv Optics To Include Front Electrode Design In Solar Cells, Debraj Guhabiswas

Dissertations

Proper optical designing of solar cells and modules is of paramount importance towards achieving high photovoltaic conversion efficiencies. Modeling softwares such as PV OPTICS, BIRANDY and SUNRAYS have been created to aid such optical designing of cells and modules; but none of these modeling packages take the front metal electrode architecture of a solar cell into account.

A new model, has been developed to include the front metal electrode architecture to finished solar cells for optical calculations. This has been implemented in C++ in order to add a new module to PV OPTICS (NREL’s photovoltaic modeling tool) to include …

Driver Injury Severity At U.S. Highway-Rail Crossings, Wei Hao

Dissertations

There are approximately 240,000 highway-rail grade crossings in the United States and highway-rail grade crossing areas have been considered in this study as these are locations where crashes frequently occur. Existing studies on crash models at highway- rail grade crossings can be classified into two categories: accident frequency prediction models and driver injury severity models. Accident frequency prediction at highway-rail grade crossings have been investigated by previous studies using varied statistical models. Few studies, however, have focused on driver injury severity studies. Three drawbacks will be addressed in this research including limitations in traditional highway- rail grade crossings studies, limited …

Modeling Cell Proliferation In A Perfusion Tissue Engineering Bioreactor, Jeffrey Vincent Pohlmeyer

Dissertations

In this dissertation we develop a comprehensive model to simulate a tissue engineering experiment. The experiment takes place in a bioreactor in which a cell seeded porous scaffold is placed, and the scaffold experiences a perfused flow of a nutrient-rich culture medium. The goal of the model is to assist experimentalists in evaluation of different parameter scenarios as the time needed to simulate an experiment is significantly less than the time needed for the experiment itself. We provide the full two-dimensional model development, as well as investigation into possible variations of specific model choices, and we demonstrate the robustness and …

The Goodness-Of-Fit Tests For Geometric Models, Feiyan Chen

Dissertations

We propose two types of goodness-of-fit tests for geometric distribution and for a bivariate geometric distribution called BGD(B&D), based on their probability generating function (PGF). The first type is a special-case application of the general testing procedure for discrete distributions proposed by Kocherlakota and Kocherlakota (1986). The second type utilizes the supremum of the absolute value of the standardized difference between the PGF’s maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) and its empirical counterpart as the test statistic. We verify the asymptotic properties of the test statistics for the first type of test and explore the asymptotic behaviors of the test statistics for …

Development Of Luminescent Probes For Ultrasensitive Detection Of Biopolymers, Their Complexes, And Living Cells, Laura A. Wirpsza

Dissertations

New luminescent probes with enhanced brightness convenient for bioconjugation were synthesized and tested in major biological applications including the detection of nucleic acids and living cells. The first project used luminescent lanthanide ion probes that take advantage of hyper-sensitive acquisition of their long-lived emission signal in time- resolved mode, which avoids short-lived background fluorescence of the medium. Two model carbostyril fluorophores (cs 124-CH₃ and cs 124-CF₃) were modified by inclusion of two spacers (diamino and bi-phenyl) for the attachment of amine and thiol reactive cross-linking groups. In this project, time-resolved measurements are presented for spectroscopy and microscopy. …

Eye Detection Using Discriminatory Features And An Efficient Support Vector Machine, Shuo Chen

Dissertations

Accurate and efficient eye detection has broad applications in computer vision, machine learning, and pattern recognition. This dissertation presents a number of accurate and efficient eye detection methods using various discriminatory features and a new efficient Support Vector Machine (eSVM).

This dissertation first introduces five popular image representation methods - the gray-scale image representation, the color image representation, the 2D Haar wavelet image representation, the Histograms of Oriented Gradients (HOG) image representation, and the Local Binary Patterns (LBP) image representation - and then applies these methods to derive five types of discriminatory features. Comparative assessments are then presented to evaluate …

Mathematical Modeling Of Heavy Metals Diffusion And Removal From Cylindrical Cement Forms Coated With Bio-Film, Mojdeh Tabatabaie

Dissertations

A mathematical model is developed to predict bioleachi ng of heavy metals from long cylindrical shape cementitious samples. In this model, the metal concentration difference within the solid and its surface is considered as the main driving force for transport of metals to the surface of a sample at a given temperature and pressure. Fick’s first and second law are applied to explain the motion of contaminants in a long and uniform cylindrical solid. In addition, the model considers Michaelis-Menten type kinetics, a special case of the widely accepted Langmuir-Hinshelwood reaction mechanism, at the surface of the encapsulating cylinder. The …

New Economy : Assessment Of The Institutionalization Of An Emerging Paradigm And Academic Field Through Inquiry Into Prominent Boundary Organizations, Jeanine Cava Rodgers

Theses

It is increasingly acknowledged that in order to reach global and regional sustai nabi l ity goals, economic growth and consumption levels in wealthy developed nations will need to stabilize or reverse. Organizations and projects of a wide variety have emerged and expanded to take on this challenge, and shape the so-called, "new economy". The purpose of this research is to gain a clearer picture of the impacts of efforts to develop a shared new-economy knowledge framework on the broader sustai nabi l ity conversation, and to assess the intellectual institutionalization of same. This thesis focuses in on the influence …

Fuzzy Logic For Task Space Telemanipulation Of A Five Fingered Robotic Hand, Raaghavann Srinivasan

Theses

This work presents a fuzzy logic based HandyMan (Hand gesture commands for grasping and manipulation) system to recognize the operator's hand gestures during task space telemanipulation. A combination of joint positions may be shared between at least two manipulation gestures. To avoid misinterpretation of gestures by the gesture recognition system, six new manipulation gestures were introduced. The gestures are produced by the user wearing a CyberGlove™.

This system replaces the previous HandyMan gesture recognition method. The output of the fuzzy system drives the state machines to implement the gestures with the robot hand.

The experimental results show that the proposed …

Theoretical Studies Of Structural And Electronic Properties In Transition Metal Oxides, Tsezar F. Seman

Dissertations

The following studies are presented: theory of K-edge resonant inelastic x-ray scattering and its application for La_0.5Sr_1.5MnO₄, effects of rare earth ion size on the stability of the coherent Jahn-Teller distortions in undoped perovskite manganites, and symmetry-mode-based classical and quantum mechanical formalism of lattice dynamics.

The formula based on tight-binding approach for the calculation of K-edge resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) spectrum for transition metal oxides is presented first, by extending the previous existing result to include explicit momentum dependence and a basis with multiple core-hole sites. This formula is applied to layered charge, …

Njit Highlanders 2013-14 Fencing Media Guide, New Jersey Institute Of Technology Athletic Department

Fencing

No abstract provided.

Njit Highlanders Baseball 2013 Media Guide, New Jersey Institute Of Technology Athletic Department

Baseball

No abstract provided.

Convergence: A Vision And Framework For Leadership In Digital Learning, Office Of The Provost

2020 Vision

No abstract provided.

Njit Highlanders Women's Soccer 2013 Media Guide, New Jersey Institute Of Technology Athletic Department

Soccer - Women's

No abstract provided.

Njit Highlanders Men's Volleyball 2013 Media Guide, New Jersey Institute Of Technology Athletic Department

Volleyball - Men's

No abstract provided.

Njit Highlanders Men's Basketball 2012-2013 Media Guide, New Jersey Institute Of Technology Athletic Department

Basketball - Men's

No abstract provided.

Njit Highlanders Tennis 2012 Media Guide, New Jersey Institute Of Technology Athletic Department

Tennis

No abstract provided.

Njit Highlanders Swimming & Diving 2012 Media Guide, New Jersey Institute Of Technology Athletic Department

Swimming and Diving

No abstract provided.

Njit Highlanders Women's Basketball 2012-2013 Media Guide, New Jersey Institute Of Technology Athletic Department

Basketball - Women's

No abstract provided.

Njit Highlanders Men's Soccer 2012 Media Guide, New Jersey Institute Of Technology Athletic Department

Soccer - Men's

No abstract provided.

Optimizing Feeder Bus Network Based On Access Mode Shifts, Zhaodong Huang

Dissertations

The methodology introduced in this dissertation is to optimally find a feeder bus network in a suburban area for an existing rail system that connects the suburban area with the Central Business District (CBD). The objective is to minimize the total cost, including user and supplier costs. Three major access modes (walk, feeder bus, and auto) for the rail station are considered and the cost for all modes makes up the user cost. The supplier cost comes from the operating cost of the feeder bus network. The decision variables include the structure of the feeder bus network, service frequencies, and …

Fast Algorithms For Brownian Dynamics Simulation With Hydrodynamic Interactions, Zhi Liang

Dissertations

In the Brownian dynamics simulation with hydrodynamic interactions, one needs to generate the total displacement vectors of Brownian particles consisting of two parts: a deterministic part which is proportional to the product of the Rotne-Prager-Yamakawa (RPY) tensor D [1, 2] and the given external forces F; and a hydrodynamically correlated random part whose covariance is proportional to the RPY tensor. To be more precise, one needs to calculate Du for a given vector u and compute √Dv for a normally distributed random vector v. For an arbitrary N-particle configuration, D is a 3N x 3N matrix and u, v are …

Analytical And Computational Methods For The Study Of Rare Event Probabilities In Dispersive And Dissipative Waves, Daniel S. Cargill

Dissertations

The main focus of this dissertation is the application of importance sampling (IS) to calculate the probabilities associated with rare events in nonlinear, large-dimensional lightwave systems that are driven by noise, including models for fiber-based optical communication system and mode-locked lasers. Throughout the last decade, IS has emerged as a valuable tool for improving the efficiency of simulating rare events in such systems. In particular, it has shown great success in simulating various sources of transmission impairments found in optical communication systems, with examples ranging from large polarization fluctuations resulting from randomly varying fiber birefringence to large pulse-width fluctuations resulting …

Gpu Implementation Of Block Transforms, Boyan Zhang

Theses

Traditionally, intensive floating-point computational ability of Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) has been mainly limited for rendering and visualization application by architecture and programming model. However, with increasing programmability and architecture progress, GPUs inherent massively parallel computational ability have become an essential part of today's mainstream general purpose (non-graphical) high performance computing system. It has been widely reported that adapted GPU-based algorithms outperform significantly their CPU counterpart.

The focus of the thesis is to utilize NVIDIA CUDA GPUs to implement orthogonal transforms such as signal dependent Karhunen-Loeve Transform and signal independent Discrete Cosine Transform. GPU architecture and programming model are examined. …

Utilization Of A Tropospheric-Stratospheric Lidar System To Study Mountain Induced Gravity Waves Over Jenny Jump State Forest, Anthony Teti

Theses

Gravity waves are a dominant driver of the middle and lower atmospheric circulation. Yet such waves have been difficult to study due to their inherent small spatial and temporal scales and synoptic occurrence, and thus require advanced experimental systems. In this thesis first results are presented from a newly constructed tropospheric-stratospheric lidar operating at the New Jersey Institute of Technology-United Astronomy Clubs of New Jersey site in Jenny Jump State Forest in northwest New Jersey. The system utilizes a 4-W 532-nm Nd:YAG laser transmitter and a 4-inch telescope receiver to collect backscattered photons from the lower atmosphere in order to …

Njit Highlanders Women's Volleyball 2012 Media Guide, New Jersey Institute Of Technology Athletic Department

Volleyball - Women's

No abstract provided.

Energy Methods For Reaction-Diffusion Problems, Xing Zhong

Dissertations

Nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations arise in many areas of applied sciences such as combustion modeling, population dynamics, chemical kinetics, etc. A fundamental problem in the studies of these equations is to understand the long time behavior of solutions of the associated Cauchy problem. These kinds of questions were originally studied in the context of combustion modeling.

For suitable nonlinearity and a monotone increasing one-parameter family of initial data starting with zero data, small values of the parameter lead to extinction, whereas large values of the parameter may lead to spreading, i.e., the solution converging locally uniformly to a positive spatially independent …

Structural Analysis And Auditing Of Snomed Hierarchies Using Abstraction Networks, Yue Wang

Dissertations

SNOMED is one of the leading healthcare terminologies being used worldwide. Due to its sheer volume and continuing expansion, it is inevitable that errors will make their way into SNOMED. Thus, quality assurance is an important part of its maintenance cycle.

A structural approach is presented in this dissertation, aiming at developing automated techniques that can aid auditors in the discovery of terminology errors more effectively and efficiently. Large SNOMED hierarchies are partitioned, based primarily on their relationships patterns, into concept groups of more manageable sizes. Three related abstraction networks with respect to a SNOMED hierarchy, namely the area taxonomy …