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Variable-Order Fractional Laplacian And Its Accurate And Efficient Computations With Meshfree Methods, Yixuan Wu, Yanzhi Zhang Apr 2024

Variable-Order Fractional Laplacian And Its Accurate And Efficient Computations With Meshfree Methods, Yixuan Wu, Yanzhi Zhang

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The variable-order fractional Laplacian plays an important role in the study of heterogeneous systems. In this paper, we propose the first numerical methods for the variable-order Laplacian (-Δ) α (x) / 2 with 0 < α (x) ≤ 2, which will also be referred as the variable-order fractional Laplacian if α(x) is strictly less than 2. We present a class of hypergeometric functions whose variable-order Laplacian can be analytically expressed. Building on these analytical results, we design the meshfree methods based on globally supported radial basis functions (RBFs), including Gaussian, generalized inverse multiquadric, and Bessel-type RBFs, to approximate the variable-order Laplacian (-Δ) α (x) / 2. Our meshfree methods integrate the advantages of both pseudo-differential and hypersingular integral forms of the variable-order fractional Laplacian, and thus avoid numerically approximating the hypersingular integral. Moreover, our methods are simple and flexible of domain geometry, and their computer implementation remains the same for any dimension d ≥ 1. Compared to finite difference methods, our methods can achieve a desired accuracy with much fewer points. This fact makes our method much attractive for problems involving variable-order fractional Laplacian where the number of points required is a critical cost. We then apply our method to study solution behaviors of variable-order fractional PDEs arising in different fields, including transition of waves between classical and fractional media, and coexistence of anomalous and normal diffusion in both diffusion equation and the Allen–Cahn equation. These results would provide insights for further understanding and applications of variable-order fractional derivatives.

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Comprehensive Understanding Of Factors Impacting Competitive Construction Bidding, Muaz O. Ahmed, Islam H. El-Adaway, Aubrie Caldwell Apr 2024

Comprehensive Understanding Of Factors Impacting Competitive Construction Bidding, Muaz O. Ahmed, Islam H. El-Adaway, Aubrie Caldwell

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Construction competitive bidding has been studied by many researchers; however, their focus was mainly on certain bidding aspects. Thus, despite their value, existing bidding models have limited applicability for various reasons including the non-inclusion of some real-life factors that impact bidding-related decisions. As such, there is a need for identifying a comprehensive list of bidding factors that impact construction bidding-related decisions, studying their associations, and identifying understudied factors to direct future research efforts. This paper fills this knowledge gap. First, the authors conducted a systematic selection of 124 construction bidding-related articles published within the past 40 years. Second, the authors …

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Bioaerosol Size As A Potential Determinant Of Airborne E. Coli Viability Under Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation And Ozone Disinfection, Weixing Hao, Yue-Wern Huang, Yang Wang Apr 2024

Bioaerosol Size As A Potential Determinant Of Airborne E. Coli Viability Under Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation And Ozone Disinfection, Weixing Hao, Yue-Wern Huang, Yang Wang

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) and ozone disinfection are crucial methods for mitigating the airborne transmission of pathogenic microorganisms in high-risk settings, particularly with the emergence of respiratory viral pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2 and avian influenza viruses. This study quantitatively investigates the influence of UVGI and ozone on the viability of E. coli in bioaerosols, with a particular focus on how E. coli viability depends on the size of the bioaerosols, a critical factor that determines deposition patterns within the human respiratory system and the evolution of bioaerosols in indoor environments. This study used a controlled small-scale laboratory chamber where E. …

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Effects Of Rest Time And Curing Regime On Short- And Long-Term Strength Of Class C Fly Ash-Based Alkali-Activated Mortars, Cedric Kashosi, Ahmed Gheni, Eslam Gomaa, Mohamed Elgawady Apr 2024

Effects Of Rest Time And Curing Regime On Short- And Long-Term Strength Of Class C Fly Ash-Based Alkali-Activated Mortars, Cedric Kashosi, Ahmed Gheni, Eslam Gomaa, Mohamed Elgawady

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study investigated how different rest times affect the strength development of fly-ash-based alkali-activated mortar (aam) over a period of 90 days. Two types of fly ash with varying calcium oxide contents of 37 and 21% were used. The rest times ranged from 2 to 36 h, and three curing methods (ambient, oven, and steam) were tested. The results showed that the rest time significantly influenced the compressive strength of the aam. The optimal rest time was found to be between 12 and 30 h depending on the curing method and fly ash type. Beyond this range, there were only …

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Editorial For Special Issue “Design, Modeling, Optimization And Control Of Flotation Process”, Fardis Nakhaei, Ahmad Hassanzadeh, Luis A. Cisternas Apr 2024

Editorial For Special Issue “Design, Modeling, Optimization And Control Of Flotation Process”, Fardis Nakhaei, Ahmad Hassanzadeh, Luis A. Cisternas

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

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Editorial For Special Issue “Design, Modeling, Optimization And Control Of Flotation Process”, Fardis Nakhaei, Ahmad Hassanzadeh, Luis A. Cisternas Apr 2024

Editorial For Special Issue “Design, Modeling, Optimization And Control Of Flotation Process”, Fardis Nakhaei, Ahmad Hassanzadeh, Luis A. Cisternas

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

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Utilizing Ensemble Learning In The Classifications Of Ductile And Brittle Failure Modes Of Uhpc Strengthened Rc Members, Woubishet Zewdu Taffese, Yanping Zhu, Genda Chen Apr 2024

Utilizing Ensemble Learning In The Classifications Of Ductile And Brittle Failure Modes Of Uhpc Strengthened Rc Members, Woubishet Zewdu Taffese, Yanping Zhu, Genda Chen

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study aims to achieve the swift and precise classification of ductile and brittle failure modes in flexural reinforced concrete (RC) members, specifically those with tension sides strengthened by ultrahigh performance concrete (UHPC). Employing six ensemble learning techniques—Bagging, Random Forest, AdaBoost, Gradient Boosting, XGBoost, and LightGBM—the authors utilize a comprehensive dataset comprising 14 features, which include manually labeled failure modes obtain from load–deflection curves. The model training spans four scenarios, varying in the inclusion or exclusion of features describing the cross-sectional area of RC members and moment resistance. XGBoost emerges as the most effective classifier, achieving an impressive 84% accuracy …

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Multifunctional Models In Digital And Physical Twinning Of The Built Environment—A University Campus Case Study, Genda Chen, Ibrahim Alomari, Woubishet Zewdu Taffese, Zhenhua Shi, Mohammad Hossein Afsharmovahed, Tarutal Ghosh Mondal, Son Nguyen Apr 2024

Multifunctional Models In Digital And Physical Twinning Of The Built Environment—A University Campus Case Study, Genda Chen, Ibrahim Alomari, Woubishet Zewdu Taffese, Zhenhua Shi, Mohammad Hossein Afsharmovahed, Tarutal Ghosh Mondal, Son Nguyen

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Digital Twin (DT) Concept Has Been Developed for a Single Function in Previous Studies. This Study Aims to Empower DTs with a Layered Integration of Multifunctional Models in the Built Environment. It Develops a Framework of DT Modules in Three Hierarchical Tiers: Region, Asset, and System; Defines a New Concept of the Degree of Digital Twinning (DODT) to the Real World by the Number of Models Enabled by a Common DT Platform; and Enables Spatiotemporal Analysis in Multiple Scales to Couple Nonstructural with Structural Building Components and Connect the Built Environment to Planning Constructions. While the Asset and System …

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Microwave Holography For Emi Source Imaging, Xin Yan, Jiangshuai Li, Wei Zhang, Kaustav Ghosh, Philippe Sochoux, Daryl G. Beetner, Victor Khilkevich Apr 2024

Microwave Holography For Emi Source Imaging, Xin Yan, Jiangshuai Li, Wei Zhang, Kaustav Ghosh, Philippe Sochoux, Daryl G. Beetner, Victor Khilkevich

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Emission Source Microscopy Technique Can Be Utilized to Localize the Radiation Sources in Complex and Electrically Large Electronic Systems. in the Two-Dimensional Emission Source Microscopy Algorithm, Both Magnitude and Phase of the Field Need to Be Measured, and a Vector Network Analyzer or an Oscilloscope Has to Be Used as a Receiver, Resulting in Reduced Signal-To-Noise Ratio and Longer Measurement Time Compared to a Spectrum Analyzer (SA). in This Article, a Phase less Electromagnetic Interference Source Imaging Method is Proposed based on Microwave Holography. the Field Produced by the Device under Test is Not Measured Directly, Instead, the Interference Pattern …

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Risk–Reward Share Allocation Under Different Integrated Project Delivery Relational Structures: A Monte-Carlo Simulation And Cooperative Game Theoretic Solutions Approach, Radwa Eissa, Mohamad Abdul Nabi, Islam H. El-Adaway Apr 2024

Risk–Reward Share Allocation Under Different Integrated Project Delivery Relational Structures: A Monte-Carlo Simulation And Cooperative Game Theoretic Solutions Approach, Radwa Eissa, Mohamad Abdul Nabi, Islam H. El-Adaway

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Sharing of risks and rewards is considered to be one of the key benefits and principles of integrated project delivery (IPD). Despite its importance, risk–reward strategies are not implemented widely in IPD construction projects due to the lack of a well-defined basis for establishing adequate allocation plans. This paper fills this knowledge gap. This research followed a multistep methodology. First, the authors calculated the risk control valuations of all potential combinations of coalitions for IPD stakeholders. This was performed using interrelated steps of risk identification and quantification, risk assignment based on associated contractual analysis, establishment of a coordination network, and …

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Physical And Chemical Methods To Assess Performance Of Tpo-Modified Asphalt Binder, Rebecca M. Herndon, Jay Balasubramanian, Klaus Woelk, Magdy Abdelrahman Apr 2024

Physical And Chemical Methods To Assess Performance Of Tpo-Modified Asphalt Binder, Rebecca M. Herndon, Jay Balasubramanian, Klaus Woelk, Magdy Abdelrahman

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Demand for Effective Asphalt Additives is Growing as Road Infrastructure Ages and More Sustainable Pavement Solutions Are Needed. Tire Pyrolysis Oil (TPO) is an Example Material that Has Been Gaining Attention as a Potential Asphalt Additive. While Physical Performance Grade (PG) Temperatures Are the Predominant Performance Requirements for Asphalt Binders, Chemical Properties Are Also Significant in the Evaluation of Asphalt Performance. There is a Need to Chemically Characterize the Aging of Asphalt Binders Modified with TPO and Link Chemical Changes in Binder Components to Binder Performance. This Study Compares 2%, 4%, and 8% TPO and Asphalt Binder Blends Via …

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Experimental, Computational, And Machine Learning Methods For Prediction Of Residual Stresses In Laser Additive Manufacturing: A Critical Review, Sung Heng Wu, Usman Tariq, Ranjit Joy, Todd Sparks, Aaron Flood, Frank W. Liou Apr 2024

Experimental, Computational, And Machine Learning Methods For Prediction Of Residual Stresses In Laser Additive Manufacturing: A Critical Review, Sung Heng Wu, Usman Tariq, Ranjit Joy, Todd Sparks, Aaron Flood, Frank W. Liou

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In recent decades, laser additive manufacturing has seen rapid development and has been applied to various fields, including the aerospace, automotive, and biomedical industries. However, the residual stresses that form during the manufacturing process can lead to defects in the printed parts, such as distortion and cracking. Therefore, accurately predicting residual stresses is crucial for preventing part failure and ensuring product quality. This critical review covers the fundamental aspects and formation mechanisms of residual stresses. It also extensively discusses the prediction of residual stresses utilizing experimental, computational, and machine learning methods. Finally, the review addresses the challenges and future directions …

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Insight Into Uniform Filming Of Lif-Rich Interphase Via Synergistic Adsorption For High-Performance Lithium Metal Anode, Yufang He, Li Wang, Aiping Wang, Bo Zhang, Hiep Pham, Jonghyun Park, Xiangming He Apr 2024

Insight Into Uniform Filming Of Lif-Rich Interphase Via Synergistic Adsorption For High-Performance Lithium Metal Anode, Yufang He, Li Wang, Aiping Wang, Bo Zhang, Hiep Pham, Jonghyun Park, Xiangming He

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Multi-scale simulation is an important basis for constructing digital batteries to improve battery design and application. Lif-rich solid electrolyte interphase (sei) is experimentally proven to be crucial for the electrochemical performance of lithium metal batteries. However, the lif-rich sei is sensitive to various electrolyte formulas and the fundamental mechanism is still unclear. Herein, the structure and formation mechanism of lif-rich sei in different electrolyte formulas have been reviewed. On this basis, it further discussed the possible filming mechanism of lif-rich sei determined by the initial adsorption of the electrolyte-derived species on the lithium metal anode (lma). It proposed that individual …

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Structure, Dynamics, And Redox Reactivity Of An All-Purpose Flavodoxin, Sharique Khan, Ahmadullah Ansari, Monica Brachi, Debarati Das, Wassim El Housseini, Shelley Minteer, Anne Frances Miller Apr 2024

Structure, Dynamics, And Redox Reactivity Of An All-Purpose Flavodoxin, Sharique Khan, Ahmadullah Ansari, Monica Brachi, Debarati Das, Wassim El Housseini, Shelley Minteer, Anne Frances Miller

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Flavodoxin Of Rhodopseudomonas Palustris CGA009 (Rp9Fld) Supplies Highly Reducing Equivalents To Crucial Enzymes Such As Hydrogenase, Especially When The Organism Is Iron-Restricted. By Acquiring Those Electrons From Photodriven Electron Flow Via The Bifurcating Electron Transfer Flavoprotein, Rp9Fld Provides Solar Power To Vital Metabolic Processes. To Understand Rp9Fld's Ability To Work With Diverse Partners, We Solved Its Crystal Structure. We Observed The Canonical Flavodoxin (Fld) Fold And Features Common To Other Long-Chain Flds But Not All The Surface Loops Thought To Recognize Partner Proteins. Moreover, Some Of The Loops Display Alternative Structures And Dynamics. To Advance Studies Of Protein–protein Associations …

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Seismicity Characteristics Of The Gulf Of Aqaba Seismogenic Zone And Their Hazard Implications In Northwestern Saudi Arabia, Ali Abdelfattah, Mohamed Ezzelarab, Hazem Badreldin, Hassan Alzahrani, Saleh Qaysi, Bassam Abuamarah, Neil Lennart Anderson Apr 2024

Seismicity Characteristics Of The Gulf Of Aqaba Seismogenic Zone And Their Hazard Implications In Northwestern Saudi Arabia, Ali Abdelfattah, Mohamed Ezzelarab, Hazem Badreldin, Hassan Alzahrani, Saleh Qaysi, Bassam Abuamarah, Neil Lennart Anderson

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The seismogenic characteristics of the Gulf of Aqaba zone have been assessed using the maximum likelihood method to estimate various earthquake recurrence parameters. These parameters encompass the β-value, annual recurrence rate (λ), and maximum probable magnitude (Mmax). This assessment has identified three sub-seismogenic zones, each corresponding to specific structural faults within the Gulf. These zones are associated with the Aragonese, Arnona and Aqaba faults, delineating pull-apart basin structures in the Gulf of Aqaba. An updated earthquake catalogue has been compiled using a unified moment magnitude (Mw) scale to improve the analysis, established by developing two empirical relationships. According to the …

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The Dynamics Of The Flavin, Nadph, And Active Site Loops Determine The Mechanism Of Activation Of Class B Flavin-Dependent Monooxygenases, Gustavo Pierdominici-Sottile, Juliana Palma, María Leticia Ferrelli, Pablo Sobrado Apr 2024

The Dynamics Of The Flavin, Nadph, And Active Site Loops Determine The Mechanism Of Activation Of Class B Flavin-Dependent Monooxygenases, Gustavo Pierdominici-Sottile, Juliana Palma, María Leticia Ferrelli, Pablo Sobrado

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Flavin-dependent monooxygenases (FMOs) constitute a diverse enzyme family that catalyzes crucial hydroxylation, epoxidation, and Baeyer–Villiger reactions across various metabolic pathways in all domains of life. Due to the intricate nature of this enzyme family's mechanisms, some aspects of their functioning remain unknown. Here, we present the results of molecular dynamics computations, supplemented by a bioinformatics analysis, that clarify the early stages of their catalytic cycle. We have elucidated the intricate binding mechanism of NADPH and L-Orn to a class B monooxygenase, the ornithine hydroxylase from (Formula presented.) (Formula presented.) known as SidA. Our investigation involved a comprehensive characterization of the …

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Convolutional Spiking Neural Networks For Intent Detection Based On Anticipatory Brain Potentials Using Electroencephalogram, Nathan Lutes, V. Sriram Siddhardh Nadendla, K. Krishnamurthy Apr 2024

Convolutional Spiking Neural Networks For Intent Detection Based On Anticipatory Brain Potentials Using Electroencephalogram, Nathan Lutes, V. Sriram Siddhardh Nadendla, K. Krishnamurthy

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are receiving increased attention because they mimic synaptic connections in biological systems and produce spike trains, which can be approximated by binary values for computational efficiency. Recently, the addition of convolutional layers to combine the feature extraction power of convolutional networks with the computational efficiency of SNNs has been introduced. This paper studies the feasibility of using a convolutional spiking neural network (CSNN) to detect anticipatory slow cortical potentials (SCPs) related to braking intention in human participants using an electroencephalogram (EEG). Data was collected during an experiment wherein participants operated a remote-controlled vehicle on a testbed …

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Mitigation Of Potential Risks In Chemical Laboratories: A Focused Review, Hossein Abedsoltan, Mark B. Shiflett Mar 2024

Mitigation Of Potential Risks In Chemical Laboratories: A Focused Review, Hossein Abedsoltan, Mark B. Shiflett

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This review paper presents an analysis of safety practices in chemical laboratories. It encompasses a systematic exploration of various facets including risk assessment, hazard mitigation, and the implementation of safety protocols. Emphasis is placed on the critical role of continuous education and training, advocating a proactive safety culture, and adapting to technological advancements. Additionally, the paper underscores the importance of adhering to regulatory standards, promoting exceeding baseline compliance toward establishing best practices in laboratory safety. This comprehensive approach highlights the dynamic, multifaceted nature of laboratory safety, positioning it as a fundamental aspect of scientific research.

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Nitrene-Transfer Chemistry To C-H And C═C Bonds Mediated By Triangular Coinage Metal Platforms Supported By Triply Bridging Pnictogen Elements Sb(Iii) And Bi(Iii), Meenakshi Sharma, Reece M. Fritz, Joseph O. Adebanjo, Zhou Lu, Thomas R. Cundari, Mohammad A. Omary, Amitava Choudhury, Pericles Stavropoulos Mar 2024

Nitrene-Transfer Chemistry To C-H And C═C Bonds Mediated By Triangular Coinage Metal Platforms Supported By Triply Bridging Pnictogen Elements Sb(Iii) And Bi(Iii), Meenakshi Sharma, Reece M. Fritz, Joseph O. Adebanjo, Zhou Lu, Thomas R. Cundari, Mohammad A. Omary, Amitava Choudhury, Pericles Stavropoulos

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Tripodal Ligands (TMG3trphen-E) That Feature Heavy Pnictogen Elements (E = Sb(III), Bi(III)) And Tetramethylguanidinyl (TMG) Arms Have Been Explored In Stabilizing Cu(I) And Ag(I) Sites And Facilitating Nitrene-Transfer Chemistry. Compounds [(TMG3trphen-E)M3(Μ-X)3] (M = Cu(I), Ag(I); X = Cl, Br, I) Have Been Generated Upon Extraction Of M3(Μ-X)3 Units From MX Sources, Exhibiting Support Of The Crown-Shaped M3(Μ-X)3 Fragment By M-NTMG Bonds And Triply Bridging E → M3 Interactions. Orbital Interactions Between Cu(I) Sites And NTMG Residues Are More Dominant Than Sb/Bi → Cu3 Donor Interactions Between The Sb 5s Or Bi 6s Orbitals And Admixed Cu 4s/3d Orbitals, With Larger …

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Cr-Sam: Curvature Regularized Sharpness-Aware Minimization, Tao Wu, Tony Tie Luo, Donald C. Wunsch Mar 2024

Cr-Sam: Curvature Regularized Sharpness-Aware Minimization, Tao Wu, Tony Tie Luo, Donald C. Wunsch

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Capacity to Generalize to Future Unseen Data Stands as One of the Utmost Crucial Attributes of Deep Neural Networks. Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) Aims to Enhance the Generalizability by Minimizing Worst-Case Loss using One-Step Gradient Ascent as an Approximation. However, as Training Progresses, the Non-Linearity of the Loss Landscape Increases, Rendering One-Step Gradient Ascent Less Effective. on the Other Hand, Multi-Step Gradient Ascent Will Incur Higher Training Cost. in This Paper, We Introduce a Normalized Hessian Trace to Accurately Measure the Curvature of Loss Landscape on Both Training and Test Sets. in Particular, to Counter Excessive Non-Linearity of Loss Landscape, …

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Lrs: Enhancing Adversarial Transferability Through Lipschitz Regularized Surrogate, Tao Wu, Tony Tie Luo, Donald C. Wunsch Mar 2024

Lrs: Enhancing Adversarial Transferability Through Lipschitz Regularized Surrogate, Tao Wu, Tony Tie Luo, Donald C. Wunsch

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Transferability of Adversarial Examples is of Central Importance to Transfer-Based Black-Box Adversarial Attacks. Previous Works for Generating Transferable Adversarial Examples Focus on Attacking Given Pretrained Surrogate Models While the Connections between Surrogate Models and Adversarial Trasferability Have Been overlooked. in This Paper, We Propose Lipschitz Regularized Surrogate (LRS) for Transfer-Based Black-Box Attacks, a Novel Approach that Transforms Surrogate Models towards Favorable Adversarial Transferability. using Such Transformed Surrogate Models, Any Existing Transfer-Based Black-Box Attack Can Run Without Any Change, Yet Achieving Much Better Performance. Specifically, We Impose Lipschitz Regularization on the Loss Landscape of Surrogate Models to Enable a Smoother …

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The Shock Cone Instabilities And Quasi-Periodic Oscillations Around The Hartle–Thorne Black Hole, Orhan Donmez, Fatih Dogan Mar 2024

The Shock Cone Instabilities And Quasi-Periodic Oscillations Around The Hartle–Thorne Black Hole, Orhan Donmez, Fatih Dogan

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

To explain the observed X-ray data in a black hole–accreting matter system and understand the physical mechanisms behind QPOs, we have numerically modeled the dynamical and oscillation properties of the shock cone formed around both slowly and rapidly rotating Hartle–Thorne black holes, resulting from the mechanism of Bondi–Hoyle–Lyttleton (BHL). According to the numerical simulations, an increase in the quadrupole parameter leads to a decrease in the shock cone opening angle around the black hole. A larger quadrupole parameter results in more matter falling into the black hole within the cone. The combination of the quadrupole parameter and black hole rotation …

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Second Inflection Point Of Supercooled Water Surface Tension Induced By Hydrogen Bonds: A Molecular-Dynamics Study, Fawaz Hrahsheh, Inshad Jum'h, Gerald Wilemski Mar 2024

Second Inflection Point Of Supercooled Water Surface Tension Induced By Hydrogen Bonds: A Molecular-Dynamics Study, Fawaz Hrahsheh, Inshad Jum'h, Gerald Wilemski

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Surface Tension Of Supercooled Water Is A Fundamental Property In Various Scientific Processes. In This Study, We Perform Molecular Dynamics Simulations With The TIP4P-2005 Model To Investigate The Surface Tension Of Supercooled Water Down To 220 K. Our Results Show A Second Inflection Point (SIP) In The Surface Tension At Temperature TSIP ≈ 267.5 ± 2.3 K. Using An Extended IAPWS-E Functional Fit For The Water Surface Tension, We Calculate The Surface Excess Internal-Energy And Entropy Terms Of The Excess Helmholtz Free Energy. Similar To Prior Studies [Wang Et Al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 21, 3360 (2019); Gorfer Et Al., …

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Homodimeric Granzyme A Opsonizes Mycobacterium Tuberculosis And Inhibits Its Intracellular Growth In Human Monocytes Via Toll-Like Receptor 4 And Cd14, Valerio Rasi, Kathleen R. Phelps, Keegan R. Paulson, Christopher S. Eickhoff, Mathivanan Chinnaraj, Nicola Pozzi, Marco Di Gioia, Ivan Zanoni, Shubha Shakya, Haley L. Carlson, David A. Ford, Grant R. Kolar, Daniel F. Hoft Mar 2024

Homodimeric Granzyme A Opsonizes Mycobacterium Tuberculosis And Inhibits Its Intracellular Growth In Human Monocytes Via Toll-Like Receptor 4 And Cd14, Valerio Rasi, Kathleen R. Phelps, Keegan R. Paulson, Christopher S. Eickhoff, Mathivanan Chinnaraj, Nicola Pozzi, Marco Di Gioia, Ivan Zanoni, Shubha Shakya, Haley L. Carlson, David A. Ford, Grant R. Kolar, Daniel F. Hoft

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-specific γ9δ2 T cells secrete granzyme A (GzmA) protective against intracellular Mtb growth. However, GzmA-enzymatic activity is unnecessary for pathogen inhibition, and the mechanisms of GzmA-mediated protection remain unknown. We show that GzmA homodimerization is essential for opsonization of mycobacteria, altered uptake into human monocytes, and subsequent pathogen clearance within the phagolysosome. Although monomeric and homodimeric GzmA bind mycobacteria, only homodimers also bind cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Without access to surface-expressed CD14 and TLR4, GzmA fails to inhibit intracellular Mtb. Upregulation of Rab11FIP1 was associated with inhibitory activity. Furthermore, GzmA colocalized with …

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On The Use Of Machine Learning And Data-Transformation Methods To Predict Hydration Kinetics And Strength Of Alkali-Activated Mine Tailings-Based Binders, Sahil Surehali, Taihao Han, Jie Huang, Aditya Kumar, Narayanan Neithalath Mar 2024

On The Use Of Machine Learning And Data-Transformation Methods To Predict Hydration Kinetics And Strength Of Alkali-Activated Mine Tailings-Based Binders, Sahil Surehali, Taihao Han, Jie Huang, Aditya Kumar, Narayanan Neithalath

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The escalating production of mine tailings (MT), a byproduct of the mining industry, constitutes significant environmental and health hazards, thereby requiring a cost-effective and sustainable solution for its disposal or reuse. This study proposes the use of MT as the primary ingredient (≥70%mass) in binders for construction applications, thereby ensuring their efficient upcycling as well as drastic reduction of environmental impacts associated with the use of ordinary Portland cement (OPC). The early-age hydration kinetics and compressive strength of MT-based binders are evaluated with an emphasis on elucidating the influence of alkali activation parameters and the amount of slag or cement …

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Miniature Optical Fiber Fabry-Perot Interferometer Based On A Single-Crystal Metal-Organic Framework For The Detection And Quantification Of Benzene And Ethanol At Low Concentrations In Nitrogen Gas, Farhan Mumtaz, Bohong Zhang, Narasimman Subramaniyam, Mohammad Roman, Peter Holtmann, Abhishek Prakash Hungund, Ryan O'Malley, Thomas M. Spudich, Michael Davis, Rex E. Gerald, Jie Huang Mar 2024

Miniature Optical Fiber Fabry-Perot Interferometer Based On A Single-Crystal Metal-Organic Framework For The Detection And Quantification Of Benzene And Ethanol At Low Concentrations In Nitrogen Gas, Farhan Mumtaz, Bohong Zhang, Narasimman Subramaniyam, Mohammad Roman, Peter Holtmann, Abhishek Prakash Hungund, Ryan O'Malley, Thomas M. Spudich, Michael Davis, Rex E. Gerald, Jie Huang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study reports for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, a real-time detection of ultralow-concentration chemical gases using fiber-optic technology, combining a miniaturized Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). The sensor consists of a short and thick-walled silica capillary segment spliced to a lead-in single-mode fiber (SMF), housing a tiny single crystal of HKUST-1 MOF, imparting chemo selectivity features. Ethanol and benzene gases were tested, resulting in a shift in the FPI interference signal. The sensor demonstrated high sensitivity, detecting ethanol gas concentrations (EGCs) with a sensitivity of 0.428 nm/ppm between 24.9 and 40.11 ppm and …

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Effect Of The Filler Morphology On The Crystallization Behavior And Dielectric Properties Of The Polyvinylidene Fluoride-Based Composite, Suzana Filipović, Nina Obradović, Cole Corlett, William G. Fahrenholtz, Martin Rosenschon, Ekkehard Füglein, Radovan Dojčilović, Dragana Tošić, Jovana Petrović, Antonije Đorđević, Branislav Vlahović, Vladimir B. Pavlović Mar 2024

Effect Of The Filler Morphology On The Crystallization Behavior And Dielectric Properties Of The Polyvinylidene Fluoride-Based Composite, Suzana Filipović, Nina Obradović, Cole Corlett, William G. Fahrenholtz, Martin Rosenschon, Ekkehard Füglein, Radovan Dojčilović, Dragana Tošić, Jovana Petrović, Antonije Đorđević, Branislav Vlahović, Vladimir B. Pavlović

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Ceramic/polymer composites can be chemically stable, mechanically strong, and flexible, which make them candidates for electric devices, such as pressure or temperature sensors, energy storage or harvesting devices, actuators, and so forth. Depending on the application, various electrical properties are of importance. Polymers usually have low dielectric permittivity, but increased dielectric permittivity can be achieved by the addition of the ceramic fillers with high dielectric constant. With the aim to enhance dielectric properties of the composite without loss of flexibility, 5 wt.% of BaTiO3-Fe2O3 powder was added into a polyvinylidene fluoride matrix. The powder was …

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Highly Efficient Dopamine Sensing With A Carbon Nanotube-Encapsulated Metal Chalcogenide Nanostructure, Harish Singh, Jiandong Wu, Kurt A.L. Lagemann, Manashi Nath Mar 2024

Highly Efficient Dopamine Sensing With A Carbon Nanotube-Encapsulated Metal Chalcogenide Nanostructure, Harish Singh, Jiandong Wu, Kurt A.L. Lagemann, Manashi Nath

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Carbon nanotube-encapsulated nickel selenide composite nanostructures were used as nonenzymatic electrochemical sensors for dopamine detection. These composite nanostructures were synthesized through a simple, one-step, and environmentally friendly chemical vapor deposition method, wherein the CNTs were formed in situ from pyrolysis of a carbon-rich metallo-organic precursor. The composition and morphology of these hybrid NiSe2-filled carbon nanostructures were confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction, Raman, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy images. Electrochemical tests demonstrated that the as-synthesized hybrid nanostructures exhibited outstanding electrocatalytic performance toward dopamine oxidation, with a high sensitivity of 19.62 μA μM-1 cm-2, low detection limit, broad linear …

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Challenges And Opportunities In Electrification Of Adsorptive Separation Processes, Abdullah Al Moinee, Ali A. Rownaghi, Fateme Rezaei Mar 2024

Challenges And Opportunities In Electrification Of Adsorptive Separation Processes, Abdullah Al Moinee, Ali A. Rownaghi, Fateme Rezaei

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A global energy transition from fossil-based to renewable-based systems requires advancements in various energy sectors. Current chemical separation processes are quite energy-intensive and require significant advancement to make this transition happen. In the energy transition era, reducing the dependency of separation processes on fossil-based thermal energy seems inevitable for transitioning smoothly and meeting the stringent timelines. In particular, adsorption-based separation processes have the potential to be fully electrified through innovative strategies in developing stimuli-responsive adsorbents and swing processes. In this review, we discuss the recent efforts in electrification of adsorption processes and provide an overview of emerging materials and processes. …

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Feature Engineering And Supervised Machine Learning To Forecast Biogas Production During Municipal Anaerobic Co-Digestion, Hunter W. Schroer, Craig L. Just Mar 2024

Feature Engineering And Supervised Machine Learning To Forecast Biogas Production During Municipal Anaerobic Co-Digestion, Hunter W. Schroer, Craig L. Just

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Municipalities with excess anaerobic digestion capacity accept offsite wastes for co-digestion to meet sustainability goals and create more biogas. Despite the benefits inherent to co-digestion, the temporal and compositional heterogeneity of external waste streams creates operational challenges that lead to upsets or conservative co-digestion. Given the complex microbial bioprocesses occurring during anaerobic digestion, prediction and modeling of the outcomes can be challenging, and machine learning has the potential to improve understanding and control of co-digestion processes. Biogas flows are a surrogate for process health, and here, we predicted biogas production from historical data collected by a water resource recovery facility …

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