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Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Distributed Control Plane For Cross-Silo Federated Learning, Rabin Pandey
Distributed Control Plane For Cross-Silo Federated Learning, Rabin Pandey
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
Cross-silo federated learning (FL) trains shared models across geographically distributed institutions without centralizing raw data, but its reliance on wide-area networks makes round completion time highly sensitive to heterogeneous link conditions, congestion, and straggler clients. Existing SDN-based FL frameworks address this through centralized traffic engineering, an approach that breaks down when silos span independent administrative domains where no single entity can maintain complete, timely network knowledge. We replace the centralized control plane with a fully distributed overlay in which each silo gateway operates as an equal peer, continuously probing local links, exchanging EWMA-smoothed metrics via bounded gossip, and computing least-cost …
Transition Metal Chalcogenide As Multifunctional Biosenser To Detect Neurochemicals, Amitav Sen
Transition Metal Chalcogenide As Multifunctional Biosenser To Detect Neurochemicals, Amitav Sen
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
The development of highly sensitive real-time sensing platforms for selectively detecting dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) is of significant clinical importance since these are closely associated with several neurodegenerative disorders. Herein, we report copper telluride (Cu₂Te) nanostructure as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for the simultaneous detection of dopamine and norepinephrine. Cu₂Te exhibits excellent electrocatalytic activity toward both DA and NE oxidation, as demonstrated by detailed electrochemical measurements. High sensitivities of 24 and 40 µA cm⁻² µM⁻¹ for DA and NE, respectively, were obtained with a wide linear detection range of 10–200 nM and low limit of detection (LOD), 31 nM for …
Scenario-Based Pareto Analysis For Multi-Objective Optimization Of Process Parameters To Improve Life Cycle Impacts: Case Study Of Ge Production, Dennis Dadzie
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
Growing demand for critical minerals increases the need for clear evidence on the environmental burdens of their production. Life‑cycle assessment (LCA) quantifies impacts, but it does not by itself show how to navigate competing environmental performance improvement goals. We examine 63 process configurations for single‑crystal germanium made via chlorinated distillation using five indicators: global warming potential (GWP), water consumption (WC), fine particulate matter (FPM), terrestrial acidification (TA), and cumulative energy demand (CED). Across scenarios, WC is negatively correlated with GWP, weakly related to FPM, TA, and CED, while the other four indicators are strongly positively correlated. Pareto analysis highlights a …
Robustness Of Fuzzy Artmap To Adversarial Attacks And Progressive Adversarial Training For Streaming Learning, Shane Cairns
Robustness Of Fuzzy Artmap To Adversarial Attacks And Progressive Adversarial Training For Streaming Learning, Shane Cairns
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
Incremental learners deployed on streaming data must remain robust to evolving adversarial perturbations, yet most adversarial-robustness studies assume offline multi-epoch training with repeated access to historical data. We investigate adversarial robustness in Fuzzy ARTMAP, a prototype-based Adaptive Resonance Theory model that supports single-pass learning without replay. We propose WB-Softmax, a differentiable relaxation that aggregates category-level activations into class-level scores for gradient-based attacks. WB-Softmax PGD achieves 89–100% attack success on vanilla models, exceeding transfer and query-based baselines. We then study adversarial training under true streaming constraints by comparing offline versus online adversarial example generation and standard versus selective updates. Offline adversarial …
Controlled Gelation Of Co₂-Resistant Polymer Systems For Improved Conformance In Co₂-Eor, Maryam Sharifi Paroushi
Controlled Gelation Of Co₂-Resistant Polymer Systems For Improved Conformance In Co₂-Eor, Maryam Sharifi Paroushi
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
This presentation introduces a CO₂-resistant hydrogel developed to control fluid movement and improve CO₂ injection performance in subsurface reservoirs for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) and Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). Conventional polymer gels often lose strength in CO₂-rich environments, resulting in weak plugging, early breakdown, and ineffective flow control. To address this limitation, a sulfonated HPAM-based gel system crosslinked with chromium was developed. The effects of polymer concentration, molecular weight, crosslinker ratio, ionic strength, and pH were investigated to better understand gelation behavior and performance. The formulation exhibited controlled gelation, strong resistance to temperature and CO₂, and minimal shrinkage over …
Direct Energy Cascade Of 2d Quantum Turbulence In Supersolids, Lukas Farthing
Direct Energy Cascade Of 2d Quantum Turbulence In Supersolids, Lukas Farthing
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
The non-equilibrium turbulent response of periodically driven three-dimensional ultracold dipolar gases is induced by an external time-dependent ring potential. To model this system and monitor its non-equilibrium quantum dynamics, we invoke an extended Gross-Pitaevskii framework containing the first-order quantum correction to the mean-field energy functional. The shape of the external perturbing potential is chosen to trigger angular roton excitations, driving the supersolid configuration out of equilibrium and attaining a turbulent state. Following the generation of shallow vortical defects in the bulk, a direct cascade front manifests, transporting energy from larger to smaller length scales. This leads to a non-equilibrium quasi-steady …
Triple Active Bridge Implementation And Control, Nehemiah Milton
Triple Active Bridge Implementation And Control, Nehemiah Milton
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
The Triple Active Bridge (TAB) is a three-port power converter that allows power flow in both directions with galvanic isolation. This has a wide range of applications, like high-frequency DC-DC conversion, electric vehicles, microgrids and renewable energy systems. To control the TAB during operation, two phase shift parameters between the bridges are adjusted. In this presentation, I will showcase the software and simulation optimizations which extend previous work by reproducing hardware results which align with simulations. I will also go over the knowledge I’ve gained and the skills acquired through this project.
Cytokinesis And Dbf2, Katharine Gray
Cytokinesis And Dbf2, Katharine Gray
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
The Mitotic Exit Network (MEN) is a signaling pathway that allows a dividing cell to exit cytokinesis. Dbf2 is a MEN protein kinase in yeast, which provides a simplified model for studying this pathway. By altering Dbf2’s activity through phosphorylation mutants, its effect on cytokinesis can be studied. Transformed cells with a mutant and degron Dbf2 allele are prompted to destroy the degron Dbf2 protein, leaving only mutated Dbf2 behind. This allows for clear analysis of the effect of the phosphorylation mutant on division. Fluorescence microscopy can be used to visualise this degradation, and the impact on actin ring formation …
Vortex Generation In Dipolar Supersolids, Jacob Harl
Vortex Generation In Dipolar Supersolids, Jacob Harl
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
Ultracold atomic gases offer highly tunable platforms for exploring complex quantum many-body phenomena. In addition, dipolar quantum gases of magnetic atoms featuring long-range anisotropic interactions are exquisite systems for realizing exotic phases-of-matter in an experimentally controlled way. A prototypical example is the supersolid state which simultaneously exhibits frictionless flow of superfuids and crystalline density modulation of solids. In this realm, we investigate the dynamical generation of vortex topological defects by imprinting a suitable phase jump in quasi-two-dimensional dipolar supersolids. This protocol enables the nucleation of a dark soliton which consecutively becomes unstable via the eponymous snake instability due to its …
Elucidating Complex H Behavior In Amorphous Oxide Semiconductors By Machine Learning, Lucas Ethington
Elucidating Complex H Behavior In Amorphous Oxide Semiconductors By Machine Learning, Lucas Ethington
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
In this project, the disordered oxide structures will be mapped by a machine-learning algorithm (e.g., HDBSCAN) to identify characteristic behaviors of the proton across different material densities and defect types. This should help identify the under-coordinated, highly distorted, weakly-bonded, and dynamically unstable atoms to predict the most probable H locations. This fast and accurate prediction of energetically favorable H distribution will enable a reliable and fast screening of a large number of AOSs with variable cation and/or anion compositions. The approach will help find AOSs with suppressed numbers of M-OH defects (that form deep electron traps, limiting the number of …
The Structure Of Amorphous Alox And Its Role In H Distribution And Dynamics, Lana Herkenhoff
The Structure Of Amorphous Alox And Its Role In H Distribution And Dynamics, Lana Herkenhoff
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
Hydrogen is known to be the culprit of electron decoherence in Josephson junctions, greatly affecting the performance of superconducting quantum circuits. For Al/AlOx interfaces, the challenge is two-fold: 1) similar Al-Al and Al-H bond strength promotes bond switching and, hence, facilitates vigorous H motion; whereas 2) oxygen has only a slight preference to form Al-O rather than H-O bond, implying that (meta)stable Al--O-H are likely to occur, especially in a disordered oxide. In this project, ab initio molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are employed to generate the atomistic models of Al2O3-x with oxygen vacancy defects and to quantify the H diffusion, …
Wheel-Spoke Encoding: A Product Quantization-Compatible Radial Encoding Scheme For Convex Polygonal Data, Maris Reinkemeyer
Wheel-Spoke Encoding: A Product Quantization-Compatible Radial Encoding Scheme For Convex Polygonal Data, Maris Reinkemeyer
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
Product quantization has historically been unapplied to GIS datasets, likely due to a mismatch between quantization’s input precondition of fixed, equal length vectors and GIS data’s inherent variability in the number of data points. Therefore, any quantization-compatible encoding method must operate independently of the data points within GIS records. The challenge is to balance the guarantee of producing fixed, equal length vectors with the preservation of semantic meaning present in the raw data. Here, we develop a radial polygon encoding method that achieves this balance while providing acceptable recall in a time complexity of O(nrv), where n is the number …
Dynamical Transition From A Two-Dimensional Soliton To A Rogue Wave In Quantum Droplets, Punit Sesha Sai Turlapati
Dynamical Transition From A Two-Dimensional Soliton To A Rogue Wave In Quantum Droplets, Punit Sesha Sai Turlapati
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
We investigate the nonequilibrium dynamics of two-dimensional quantum droplets: ultracold self-bound many-body states stabilized by the interplay of mean-field attractive interactions and repulsive quantum fluctuations. Flat-top ground state droplets are subject to an external potential, an attractive well and a repulsive barrier. Under the influence of the attractive well, we observe signatures of a Townes soliton formation, which for increasing strength of the well transitions into a two-dimensional rogue wave structure, a time-periodic highly localized configuration with amplitude three times larger than the background. The barrier instead favors a dynamical splitting of the droplet. We have developed a parallelized simulation …
Lay Summarization For Medical Patents, Manav Raja Vinotha
Lay Summarization For Medical Patents, Manav Raja Vinotha
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
Technical documents, such as medical patents, are often inaccessible to non-expert audiences due to specialized terminology. This paper presents a multi-agent system for automated lay summarization that optimizes both quality and computational efficiency through strategic task decomposition. The proposed pipeline utilizes four specialized stages: autonomous medical entity retrieval from the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS), context distillation into lay conceptualizations, and a structured writer-critic loop for iterative refinement. By distributing cognitive load across specialized agents, this architecture effectively leverages smaller, cost-effective language models while maintaining the performance of SOTA LLMs. Evaluated against single-agent baselines using an LLM as a Judge …
The Stability Study Of Dna-Polymer Hybrids For Nanotechnology Applications, Ethan Kuehn, Milan Jebaraj
The Stability Study Of Dna-Polymer Hybrids For Nanotechnology Applications, Ethan Kuehn, Milan Jebaraj
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
DNA nanostructures have garnered increasing interest in their application as drug delivery vehicles. However, DNA is susceptible to degradation under physiological conditions. To remedy this, we have devised a novel method to coat DNA nanostructures with the polysaccharide chitosan (a natural derivative of chitin). Chitosan binds to DNA electrostatically and inhibits nuclease activity that would normally degrade DNA in a physiological environment. We used both agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to determine the stability of DNA before and after immersion in a simulated biological environment. Physiological conditions were mimicked by incubating the DNA in cell culture …
Analysis Of Autonomous Vehicle Survivability To 5g Communication Errors, Sydney Clark
Analysis Of Autonomous Vehicle Survivability To 5g Communication Errors, Sydney Clark
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
Autonomous vehicles rely on low-latency, high-reliability data exchange for real-time perception and control. Disruptions such as packet loss, latency variation, protocol-level errors, and malicious interference can pose significant safety risks to both passengers and surrounding environments. This project aims to evaluate, quantify, and predict the survivability of autonomous vehicle systems to communication errors, with focus on 5G network environments. The impact of these communication impairments on vehicle stability and control will be investigated through high-fidelity cyber-physical simulation of the vehicle and its surrounding environment. Experiments designed to capture varying network conditions will be used to assess a broad range of …
A Wearable Mxene-Based Sweat Sensor For Real-Time Monitoring Of Inflammatory Biomarkers, Ariel Pilger
A Wearable Mxene-Based Sweat Sensor For Real-Time Monitoring Of Inflammatory Biomarkers, Ariel Pilger
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
Many conventional biosensing approaches rely on invasive sampling or bulky benchtop instrumentation, limiting their use in continuous and portable applications. This project focuses on the development of wearable sweat-based biosensors that enable non-invasive, continuous, and portable monitoring of physical, chemical, and biological markers. The system will be designed to target markers present in sweat and transduce the biochemical interactions into measurable electrical signals. These signals will be processed through integrated electronics to produce clear, interpretable outputs for users and medical professionals. Supporting circuitry including filters, amplifiers, and an independent power supply will be implemented as necessary to ensure signal accuracy, …
The Effects Of Preventing Dephosphorylation Of Lqg1 On Cytokinesis, Jenna Mueller
The Effects Of Preventing Dephosphorylation Of Lqg1 On Cytokinesis, Jenna Mueller
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
Iqg1 plays crucial roles in cytokinesis, including the assembly, contraction, and disassembly of the actomyosin ring, as well as the coordination of contraction and septation. Given that cytokinesis must occur post-mitosis, Iqg1 is regulated by the cell cycle. This study explores hypotheses regarding Iqg1 regulation: it’s binding to action is negatively influenced by the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) Cdc28 and positively influenced by dephosphorylation via Cdc14. Newly developed yeast degron tagged strains allow for rapid depletion of specific proteins. Iqg1 mutations that alter serine to threonine, which allows phosphorylation but not dephosphorylation, in the degron strain allow testing of mutant phenotypes. …
A Speed-Adjusted Centipawn Metric For Chess Cheating Detection, Benjamin Sullins, Benjamin Biehl
A Speed-Adjusted Centipawn Metric For Chess Cheating Detection, Benjamin Sullins, Benjamin Biehl
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
The proliferation of chess engines has compromised the integrity of online play through both manual assistance and automated bots. This research proposes Si, a novel metric designed to quantify unnatural play by integrating move latency, the relative strength of the selected move, and the density of high-quality alternatives available in a given position. By fitting Si values to theoretical probability distributions across specific Elo ratings and time controls, we establish a statistical baseline for human performance. Discrepancies between an individual's Si profile and these established distributions provide a robust framework for identifying artificially inflated play, offering a potential method for …
Biosensors For Biomedicine, Drake O'Leary
Biosensors For Biomedicine, Drake O'Leary
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
This project investigated the use of engineered bacterial reporter systems to detect cellular stress responses associated with antibiotic activity. While constructs were successfully introduced and tested against known antibiotics, the reporter consistently produced a blue signal across conditions, limiting the ability to distinguish specific stress responses. This suggests issues such as leaky expression, insufficient regulatory control, or lack of specificity in the reporter design. Although results were inconclusive, this work highlights key challenges in developing reliable biosensors and provides a foundation for future optimization. Improving signal specificity and reducing background expression will be critical for enabling accurate characterization of antibiotic …
Asphalt Pavement Rejuvenation Investigated By Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry, Catherine Skaggs
Asphalt Pavement Rejuvenation Investigated By Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Relaxometry, Catherine Skaggs
Miners Solving for Tomorrow Research Conference
Asphalt is a relatively inexpensive material commonly used for road pavements; however, asphalt ages from exposure to oxygen and UV radiation, leading to loss of elasticity, which leads to cracks and potholes. To slow or reverse asphalt aging, pavement preservation treatments are in use. It’s unclear whether these treatments truly rejuvenate the pavement structure or merely offer a short-term benefit. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) relaxometry is an analytical technique that uses the recovery of excited nuclear magnetization as a parameter to gain insights into molecular environments. Recovery-time distributions gathered from asphalt materials show differences between regular and rejuvenated asphalt samples, …
The Kaczmarz Algorithm In Hilbert C∗-Modules, Daniel Alpay, Chad Berner, Eric S. Weber
The Kaczmarz Algorithm In Hilbert C∗-Modules, Daniel Alpay, Chad Berner, Eric S. Weber
Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works
The Kaczmarz algorithm in Hilbert spaces is a classical iterative method for stably recovering vectors from inner product data. In this paper, we extend the algorithm to the setting of Hilbert C∗-modules and establish analogues of its effectiveness in both finite-dimensional and stationary cases. Consequently, we demonstrate that continuous families of elements in a Hilbert space can be uniformly recovered using the Kaczmarz algorithm. Additionally, we develop a normalized Cauchy transform for continuous families of measures and use it to provide sufficient conditions under which standard frames in Hilbert C(X)-modules can be generated by the Kaczmarz algorithm and …
A Fully Discrete Decoupled Scheme And Applications For Non-Isothermal Two-Phase Flow Model With Different Viscosities And Thermal Diffusivities, Jian Li, Chunhao Chen, Xiaoyong Chen, Rui Li, Xiaoming He
A Fully Discrete Decoupled Scheme And Applications For Non-Isothermal Two-Phase Flow Model With Different Viscosities And Thermal Diffusivities, Jian Li, Chunhao Chen, Xiaoyong Chen, Rui Li, Xiaoming He
Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works
To study natural convection problems in two-phase flows, a non-isothermal two-phase flow model incorporating differential viscosities and thermal diffusivities is considered and analyzed via the phase-field method. This modeling framework involves the Multiphysics coupling of the Cahn-Hilliard phase field equations, heat transfer equation, and Navier-Stokes equations, resulting in a strongly nonlinear system. To efficiently solve the sophisticated system, we develop, analyze, and demonstrate a decoupled linear fully discrete scheme, which leverages the invariant energy quadratization strategy for the Cahn-Hilliard phase field system, the artificial compressibility method without artificial pressure boundary condition, an explicit-implicit treatment of nonlinear terms, and the addition …
Sequences That Do Frame Reconstruction, Chad Berner
Sequences That Do Frame Reconstruction, Chad Berner
Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works
Frames allow all elements of a Hilbert space to be reconstructed by inner product data in a stable manner. Recently, there is interest in relaxing the definition of frames to understand the implications for stable signal recovery. In this paper, we relax the definition of a frame by allowing the operator in the frame decomposition formula to not be invertible. We provide a complete classification of sequences that allow this decomposition via a type of frame operator. In addition, we provide several examples of sequences that allow this reconstruction property that are not frames and illustrate in which ways they …
Correlated Many-Body Quantum Dynamics Of The Peregrine Soliton, D. Diplaris, G. A. Bougas, P. G. Kevrekidis, C. L. Hung, P. Schmelcher, S. I. Mistakidis
Correlated Many-Body Quantum Dynamics Of The Peregrine Soliton, D. Diplaris, G. A. Bougas, P. G. Kevrekidis, C. L. Hung, P. Schmelcher, S. I. Mistakidis
Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works
We explore the correlated dynamics underlying the formation of the quantum Peregrine soliton, a prototypical rogue-wave excitation, utilizing interaction quenches from repulsive to attractive couplings in an ultracold bosonic gas confined in a one-dimensional box trap. The latter emulates the so-called semiclassical initial conditions and the associated gradient catastrophe scenario facilitating the emergence of a high-density, doubly localized waveform. The ensuing multiorbital variant of the Peregrine soliton features notable deviations from its mean-field sibling, including a reduced peak amplitude, wider core, absence of the side density dips, and earlier formation times. Moreover, Peregrine soliton generation yields coherence losses, while experiencing …
Ac Magnetic Measurements With A Self-Oscillating Lc Circuit And Its Application To University Education, Harshit Agarwal, Oleksandra Uralska, Jasmin Billingsley, Maxim Yamilov, Hyunsoo Kim
Ac Magnetic Measurements With A Self-Oscillating Lc Circuit And Its Application To University Education, Harshit Agarwal, Oleksandra Uralska, Jasmin Billingsley, Maxim Yamilov, Hyunsoo Kim
Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works
Editor's Note: This paper is a welcome tutorial on a technique for AC magnetometry, allowing the measurement of a sample's magnetic susceptibility with considerable sensitivity. The authors present a low-cost setup based on an LC self-oscillator circuit, which has an operating frequency that is rather sensitive to the susceptibility of a sample introduced within its inductor. After characterizing the performance of the circuit, data taken on a high-temperature superconducting sample are presented, demonstrating how the samples superconducting transition can be detected by this noncontact magnetic method, independent of the usual resistivity-based detection. This project will be of interest to instructors …
Dendrimer Nanogels With Built-In Free Radical Scavenging Enable Efficient Topical Delivery Of A Hydrophilic Antioxidant To Restore Lens Redox Balance For Cataract Treatment, Lin Qi, Huari Kou, Anna Chernatynskaya, Da Huang, Vimalin Jeyalatha Mani, Humeyra Karacal, Nuran Ercal, Hu Yang
Dendrimer Nanogels With Built-In Free Radical Scavenging Enable Efficient Topical Delivery Of A Hydrophilic Antioxidant To Restore Lens Redox Balance For Cataract Treatment, Lin Qi, Huari Kou, Anna Chernatynskaya, Da Huang, Vimalin Jeyalatha Mani, Humeyra Karacal, Nuran Ercal, Hu Yang
Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works
Cataract is a leading cause of vision impairment worldwide and are primarily caused by oxidative stress that damages and aggregates lens proteins, leading to lens opacification. However, the eye's anatomical barriers limit the penetration and bioavailability of antioxidant therapies. To address this challenge, a dendrimer-based nanogel with a built-in reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging capability developed by us was employed to deliver the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) to the lens. NAC was loaded into a generation-5 PEGylated poly(amidoamine) dendrimer (G5-PEG-TK, termed the GPT) nanogel. The resulting NAC-GPT was characterized for its ROS-scavenging activity, bioavailability, and corneal permeability. The efficacy of NAC-GPT was …
Precision Spectroscopy Of 2s-Ns Transitions In Atomic Hydrogen: A Determination Of The Proton Charge Radius, R. G. Bullis, W. L. Tavis, M. R. Weiss, Orellana O. Cisneros, A. J. Cheeseman, Ulrich D. Jentschura, D. C. Yost
Precision Spectroscopy Of 2s-Ns Transitions In Atomic Hydrogen: A Determination Of The Proton Charge Radius, R. G. Bullis, W. L. Tavis, M. R. Weiss, Orellana O. Cisneros, A. J. Cheeseman, Ulrich D. Jentschura, D. C. Yost
Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works
We present absolute frequency measurements of 2S1/2-nS1/2 two-photon transitions with n=8, 9, and 10 in a cryogenic beam of atomic hydrogen. Each transition has been measured with a fractional uncertainty of ≈2.6x10-12. Combining the results from this Letter and the 1S1/2-2S1/2 transition frequency, we extract a root-mean-square proton radius of rp=0.8433(31) fm and a Rydberg frequency of cR∞=3 289 841 960 252.9(9.7) kHz. These are in good agreement with the CODATA 2022 recommended values.
Guiding Fast Ion Beam By Suppressing Secondary Ions, Yingli Xue, Junliang Liu, Mingwu Zhang, Daniel Fischer, Guoxing Xia, Nikolaus Stolterfoht, Reinhold Schuch, Yehong Wu, Bian Yang, Xiaoxiao Li, Caojie Shao, Wei Wang, Zhangyong Song, Xing Fang
Guiding Fast Ion Beam By Suppressing Secondary Ions, Yingli Xue, Junliang Liu, Mingwu Zhang, Daniel Fischer, Guoxing Xia, Nikolaus Stolterfoht, Reinhold Schuch, Yehong Wu, Bian Yang, Xiaoxiao Li, Caojie Shao, Wei Wang, Zhangyong Song, Xing Fang
Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works
We demonstrate that secondary ions sputtered from a macrocapillary's inner surface by the primary beam induce premature saturation of the guiding field, hindering fast ion guiding. By suppressing secondary ion sputtering with grooved surfaces, we achieve a guiding-field potential difference exceeding 1 kV, 2 orders of magnitude larger than previously achieved in stable ion guiding. This enables stable guiding of a 20-keV/q O5+ beam at offset angles up to 15°, with transmitted ions retaining their initial energy and charge state. A self-consistent field model accurately reproduces these results, revealing that guiding performance relies on managing secondary ions and the channel's …
Fluorescent Biosensor-Guided Engineering Of Enzyme Cascades For Electrochemical Applications, Nathan J. Ricks, Monica Brachi, Fnu Arun, Egor Baiarashov, Shelley D. Minteer, Ming C. Hammond
Fluorescent Biosensor-Guided Engineering Of Enzyme Cascades For Electrochemical Applications, Nathan J. Ricks, Monica Brachi, Fnu Arun, Egor Baiarashov, Shelley D. Minteer, Ming C. Hammond
Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works
Substrate channeling is a strategy for enhancing flux and yield in enzymatic cascades and is increasingly relevant for applications in biocatalysis, biotechnology, and bioelectrochemical systems. However, efforts to engineer channeling are limited by the lack of high-throughput methods to evaluate and optimize channeling efficiency. Here, we present a fluorescence-based screening assay to rapidly assess substrate channeling in a model system involving fumarase and malate dehydrogenase, two sequential enzymes from the Krebs cycle. By expressing genetic fusions in Escherichia coli, quantifying intermediate (malate) and product (NADH) formation in lysate using orthogonal fluorescent readouts, and comparing product-to-intermediate ratios, we screened a library …