Digital Commons Network^™

On Edge Computing For Remote Pathology Consultations And Computations, Alessio Sacco, Flavio Esposito, Guido Marchetto, Grant Kolar, Kate Schwetye

Biological Sciences Faculty Research & Creative Works

Telepathology aims to replace the pathology operations performed on-site, but current systems are limited by their prohibitive cost, or by the adopted underlying technologies. In this work, we contribute to overcoming these limitations by bringing the recent advances of edge computing to reduce latency and increase local computation abilities to the pathology ecosystem. In particular, this paper presents LiveMicro, a system whose benefit is twofold: on one hand, it enables edge computing driven digital pathology computations, such as data-driven image processing on a live capture of the microscope. On the other hand, our system allows remote pathologists to diagnosis in …

A Data-Driven Approach For Predicting Nepheline Crystallization In High-Level Waste Glasses, Irmak Sargin, Charmayne E. Lonergan, John D. Vienna, John S. Mccloy, Scott P. Beckman

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

High-level waste (HLW) glasses with high alumina content are prone to nepheline crystallization during the slow canister cooling that is experienced during large-scale production. Because of its detrimental effects on glass durability, nepheline (NaAlSiO₄) precipitation must be avoided; however, developing robust, predictive models for nepheline crystallization behavior in compositionally complex HLW glasses is difficult. Using overly conservative constraints to predict nepheline formation can limit the waste loading to lower than the achievable capacity. In this study, a robust data-driven model using five compositional features has been developed to predict nepheline formation. A new descriptor is introduced called the …

Bridge Infrastructure Asset Management System: Comparative Computational Machine Learning Approach For Evaluating And Predicting Deck Deterioration Conditions, Rayan Assaad, Islam H. El-Adaway

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Bridge infrastructure asset management system is a prevailing approach toward having an effective and efficient procedure for monitoring bridges through their different development phases including construction, operation, and maintenance. Damage to any structural component of a bridge will negatively affect its safety, integrity, and longevity. Bridge decks are more susceptible to severe deterioration because they are exposed to harsh conditions including heavy traffic, varying temperatures, road salts, and abrasive forces. The ability to forecast the conditions of bridges in an accurate way has been a great challenge to transportation agencies. Many previous research studies highlighted the need to have a …

Co2 Curing Efficiency For Cement Paste And Mortars Produced By A Low Water-To-Cement Ratio, Seong Ho Han, Yubin Jun, Tae Yong Shin, Jae Hong Kim

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Curing by CO₂ is a way to utilize CO₂ to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Placing early-age cement paste in a CO₂ chamber or pressure vessel accelerates its strength development. Cement carbonation is attributed to the quickened strength development, and CO₂ uptake can be quantitatively evaluated by measuring CO₂ gas pressure loss in the pressure vessel. A decrease in CO₂ gas pressure is observed with all cement pastes and mortar samples regardless of the mix proportion and the casting method; one method involves compacting a low water-to-cement ratio mix, and the other method comprises a …

Slab Dehydration And Mantle Upwelling In The Vicinity Of The Sumatra Subduction Zone: Evidence From Receiver Function Imaging Of Mantle Transition Zone Discontinuities, Fansheng Kong, Stephen S. Gao, Kelly H. Liu, Weiwei Ding, Jiabiao Li

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A total of 10,586 P-to-S radial receiver functions recorded by 64 broadband seismic stations were utilized to image the 410 and 660 km discontinuities (d410 and d660, respectively) bordering the mantle transition zone (MTZ) beneath the Sumatra Island, the Malay Peninsula, and the western margin of the South China Sea. The d410 and d660 were imaged by stacking receiver functions in successive circular bins with a radius of 1°, after moveout corrections based on the 1-D IASP91 Earth model. The resulting apparent depths of the discontinuities exhibit significant and spatially systematic variations. The apparent depths of the d410 and d660 …

Antimatter Gravity: Second Quantization And Lagrangian Formalism, Ulrich D. Jentschura

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

The application of the CPT (charge-conjugation, parity, and time reversal) theorem to an apple falling on Earth leads to the description of an anti-apple falling on anti–Earth (not on Earth). On the microscopic level, the Dirac equation in curved space-time simultaneously describes spin-1/2 particles and their antiparticles coupled to the same curved space-time metric (e.g., the metric describing the gravitational field of the Earth). On the macroscopic level, the electromagnetically and gravitationally coupled Dirac equation therefore describes apples and anti-apples, falling on Earth, simultaneously. A particle-to-antiparticle transformation of the gravitationally coupled Dirac equation therefore yields information on the behavior of …

Big Data Energy Management, Analytics And Visualization For Residential Areas, Ragini Gupta, A. R. Al-Ali, Imran A. Zualkernan, Sajal K. Das

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

With the rapid development of IoT based home appliances, it has become a possibility that home owners share with Utilities in the management of home appliances energy consumption. Thus, the proposed work empowers home owners to manage their home appliances energy consumption and allow them to compare their consumption with respect to their local community total consumption. This serves as a nudge in consumer's behavior to schedule their home appliances operation according to their local community consumption profile and trend. Utilizing the same common communication infrastructure, it also allows the utilities on different consumption levels (community, state, country) to monitor …

Analysis Of Distributed And Autonomous Scheduling Functions For 6tisch Networks, Francesca Righetti, Carlo Vallati, Sajal K. Das, Giuseppe Anastasi

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

The 6TiSCH architecture is expected to play a significant role to enable the Internet of Things paradigm also in industrial environments, where reliability and timeliness are of paramount importance to support critical applications. Many research activities have focused on the Scheduling Function (SF) used for managing the allocation of communication resources in order to guarantee the application requirements. Two different approaches have mainly attracted the interest of researchers, namely distributed and autonomous scheduling. Although many different (both distributed and autonomous) SFs have been proposed and analyzed, a direct comparison of these two approaches is still missing. In this work, we …

Evaluation Of Standard And Semantically-Augmented Distance Metrics For Neurology Patients, Daniel B. Hier, Jonathan Kopel, Steven U. Brint, Donald C. Wunsch, Gayla R. Olbricht, Sima Azizi, Blaine Allen

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Background: Patient distances can be calculated based on signs and symptoms derived from an ontological hierarchy. There is controversy as to whether patient distance metrics that consider the semantic similarity between concepts can outperform standard patient distance metrics that are agnostic to concept similarity. The choice of distance metric can dominate the performance of classification or clustering algorithms. Our objective was to determine if semantically augmented distance metrics would outperform standard metrics on machine learning tasks.

Methods: We converted the neurological findings from 382 published neurology cases into sets of concepts with corresponding machine-readable codes. We calculated patient distances by …

Erratum: Basis Set Dependence Of Higher-Order Correlation Effects In Π -Type Interactions (J. Chem. Phys. (2012) 136 (014103) Doi: 10.1155/2019/4057848), Emily J. Carrell, Cara M. Thorne, Gregory S. Tschumper

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

For a sequence of three correlation consistent basis sets,1 an algebraic expression can be obtained from Feller's three-parameter exponential function for the complete basis set (CBS) limit of the Hartree–Fock (HF) energy.2 During the derivation of a general three-point algebraic expression for the HF CBS limit,3 it was recognized that Eq. (2) in our original paper4 had the wrong sign in the last term in the denominator. The correct equation is as follows: (Formula Presented). (Table Presented).

A Training Framework Of Robotic Operation And Image Analysis For Decision-Making In Bridge Inspection And Preservation, Ruwen Qin

INSPIRE-UTC Annual Meetings

Inspection and preservation of existing transportation infrastructure to extend their service life is an effective way of mitigating the pressure of steadily growing transportation demands on the aging infrastructure. Their current practice, though, represents one of the most costly operations in state departments of transportation.

The INSPIRE University Transportation Center will develop a remotely-controlled robotic platform that helps with these labor-intensive tasks and allows engineers to focus on decision-making processes. An important mission of INSPIRE is to leverage users’ capability of implementing, and interacting with, the robotic platform. Therefore, a long-term plan has been made to create a framework of …

3d Microwave Camera For Concrete Delamination And Steel Corrosion Detection, R. Zoughi

INSPIRE-UTC Annual Meetings

Corrosion of embedded steel reinforcement in concrete leads to concrete cracking and delamination, followed by increased salt and moisture permeation and further damage. Invisibility of the embedded rebar in combination with physical inaccessibility in elevated bridges presents a challenge in the assessment of RC bridge elements. Wideband (3D) microwave synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging techniques that can be integrated into a UAV offer a practical solution to overcome this challenge.

This project aims to develop and optimize a 3D microwave camera for bridge inspection on a UAV platform, quantify its performance for steel corrosion evaluation and concrete delamination detection in …

Automated Detection And Characterization Of Esd-Induced Soft Failures Using Image-And Audio-Based Methods, Omid Hoseini Izadi, Javad Meiguni, Kenji Araki, Hideki Shumiya, David J. Pommerenke

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Audio-and image-based soft failure detection methods are developed, which can detect both severe failures (such as system hang) and subtle ones (such as glitch or a momentary disturbance on display). Incorporating the developed detection methods with a robotic ESD (electrostatic discharge) tester, we developed a fully automated soft failure investigation tool. Using this fully automated tool, we obtained failure-specific susceptibility maps for a camera (our target device). These susceptibility maps not only illustrated the sensitive locations of the device, but they also showed what type of soft failure is correlated with which locations.

Evaluating The Crosstalk Current And The Total Radiated Power Of A Bent Cable Harness Using The Generalized Mtl Method, Yansheng Wang, Ying S. Cao, Dazhao Liu, Richard W. Kautz, Nevin Altunyurt, Jun Fan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents a general formulation of the generalized multiconductor transmission line (GMTL) method to model a parallel cable harness including straight and bent wires. The parallel cable harness here indicates the uniform cross-sectional wire distribution. The GMTL equations are solved recursively based on the perturbation theory. This GMTL method facilitates an accurate evaluation of the current distributed on a cable harness. On top of that, the current obtained in a radiation problem is decomposed into two traveling currents, i.e., the positive-going and the negative-going currents, based on the least-squares method. With the decomposed currents, the steepest descent method is …

Physics-Based Circuit Modeling Methodology For System Power Integrity Analysis And Design, Biyao Zhao, Siqi Bai, Samuel Connor, Wiren Dale Becker, Matteo Cocchini, Jonghyun Cho, Albert E. Ruehli, Bruce Archambeault, James L. Drewniak

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A physics-based circuit modeling methodology for system-level power integrity (PI) analysis and design is presented herein. The modeling methodology is based on representing the current paths in the power distribution network (PDN) with appropriate circuits based on cavity model and plane-pair partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC). The PDN input impedance looking from on-chip sources can be computed. A commercial simulation tool is used to corroborate the modeling approach where the system consists of a commercial integrated circuit, a complex organic package and a very high-layer-count printed circuit board. Two types of circuit models are proposed from the methodology with physical …

Measurement Techniques To Identify Soft Failure Sensitivity To Esd, Jianchi Zhou, Yuandong Guo, Satyajeet Shinde, Ahmad Hosseinbeig, Abhishek Patnaik, Omid Hoseini Izadi, Chen Zeng, Jun Shi, Junji Maeshima, Hideki Shumiya, Kenji Araki, David Pommerenke

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Electrostatic discharge (ESD)-induced soft failures are a critical issue for electronic systems as the failures are mostly found after the hardware design is completed. Any changes applied to the hardware may delay the project. Diagnostic tools capable of identifying soft failure-induced malfunctions in an early stage of product design help to reduce the risk of late stage ESD-induced project delays. In many cases, soft failures can be directly observed by the user interface, system crash, or other obvious indicators. However, in an early product design stage the operation system may be marginal, and applications may not be available. To improve …

Improved Ballistic Limit Equations For High-Speed Non-Aluminum Projectiles Impacting Aluminum Dual-Wall Spacecraft Systems, William P. Schonberg

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

One of the major design considerations of earth-orbiting spacecraft is the damage that might occur from an impact by a micrometeoroid or orbital debris particle. Ballistic limit equations (BLEs), which predict the response of spacecraft components under impact, are one of the key components of any micrometeoroid / orbital debris risk assessment calculation. However, given that a limited number of BLEs have been developed, analysts will sometimes use a BLE to assess the impact projectile made of a material that was not used in the development of that BLE. This paper presents the results of a two-part study that focused …

Hierarchical Syntactic Models For Human Activity Recognition Through Mobility Traces, Enrico Casella, Marco Ortolani, Simone Silvestri, Sajal K. Das

Computer Science Faculty Research & Creative Works

Recognizing users’ daily life activities without disrupting their lifestyle is a key functionality to enable a broad variety of advanced services for a Smart City, from energy-efficient management of urban spaces to mobility optimization. In this paper, we propose a novel method for human activity recognition from a collection of outdoor mobility traces acquired through wearable devices. Our method exploits the regularities naturally present in human mobility patterns to construct syntactic models in the form of finite state automata, thanks to an approach known as grammatical inference. We also introduce a measure of similarity that accounts for the intrinsic hierarchical …

A Mechanism Of Electric Charge Losses In Adiabatically Compressed Ferroelectrics, Sergey I. Shkuratov, Jason Baird, Vladimir G. Antipov, Jay B. Chase

Mining Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A ferroelectric depolarized by high strain-rates induced by the passage of adiabatic shock waves releases a high-density electric charge, initiating the generation of high voltage and megawatt power levels. Additionally, this depolarization process alters physical and mechanical properties that might cause energy and electric charge losses in the ferroelectric materials. We report, herein, the results of an experimental study of electric charge losses in Pb0.99(Zr0.95Ti0.05)0.98Nb0.02O3 and Pb0.99(Zr0.52Ti0.48)0.99Nb0.01O3 ferroelectrics subjected to shock compression. We found that electric charge losses mainly occur in the compressed zone of ferroelectric elements, i.e., shock compression is an essential part of the charge loss mechanism. Based …

Feature Bagging And Extreme Learning Machines: Machine Learning With Severe Memory Constraints, Kallin Khan, Edward Ratner, Robert Ludwig, Amaury Lendasse

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

With the Onset of Easy Access to Supercomputers with High Amounts of Memory Available, Machine Learning Algorithms Have Continued to Increase the Resources Necessary to Perform their Data Analysis. This Paper Aims to Show Development in the Other Direction, by Showing that through the Use of a Combination of Feature Bagging and Ensembles of Extreme Learning Machines (Elms) It is Possible to Leverage Machine Learning, Without Loss of Accuracy, on Devices Where Flash Memory is Very Scarce, and Random-Access Memory (Ram) is Even Scarcer, Such as on Embedded Systems. This Novel Strategy is Called Feature Bagged Extreme Learning Machines (Fb-Elms).

An Algorithm For The Evolutionary-Fuzzy Generation Of On-Line Signature Hybrid Descriptors, Marcin Zalasinski, Krzysztof Cpalka, Lukasz Laskowski, Donald C. Wunsch, Krzystof Przybyszewski

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In biometrics, methods which are able to precisely adapt to the biometric features of users are much sought after. They use various methods of artificial intelligence, in particular methods from the group of soft computing. In this paper, we focus on on-line signature verification. Such signatures are complex objects described not only by the shape but also by the dynamics of the signing process. In standard devices used for signature acquisition (with an LCD touch screen) this dynamics may include pen velocity, but sometimes other types of signals are also available, e.g. pen pressure on the screen surface (e.g. in …

Decoupling Capacitor Placement Optimization With Lagrange Multiplier Method, Zhifei Xu, Jun Wang, Jun Fan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper proposes a decoupling capacitor placement optimization method based on the cavity model and Lagrange multiplier. The variable conditions associating with coordinates (x,y) of input impedance expression based on the cavity model are combined with the Lagrange multiplier method. The decoupling capacitor optimum placement within a defined area of the board can be found through the proposed analytical method. The example of finding an optimum location of the decoupling capacitor within a defined area of the power delivery network is exposed, the results are compared to the brute-force method to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Complex Permittivity Extraction From Synthetic Aperture Radar Images, Yuan Gao, Mohammad Tayeb Al Qaseer, Reza Zoughi

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Microwave and millimeter wave synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging techniques are commonly used to generate high-resolution qualitative images showing the reflectivity (or complex permittivity) contrast in a sample-under-test (SUT). These techniques have been successfully applied for many diverse applications. However, these images lack quantitative information about the SUT, namely, its complex permittivity distribution. In this article, a novel method to extract the spatial distribution of complex permittivity from SAR images is proposed. The principle of the proposed method is outlined, then verified by a series of electromagnetic simulations, demonstrating that the proposed method can accurately extract the complex permittivity. Additionally, …

Predicting The Conducted Emission Of A Crm Pfc Below 1mhz By Transient Modeling, Hongseok Kim, Jiayi He, Chunyu Wu, Nicholas Erickson, Sangho Cho, Dohyung Kim, Yeong Hur, Jun Fan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Power Factor Corrections (PFC) are widely used in ac to dc power supplies. Modeling the PFC circuits and predicting the conducted emission (CE) are important in power supply designs. This paper introduces a transient model of a critical conduction mode (CRM) power factor correction. The control circuit of the PFC is built to achieve a CRM working condition with a constant on-time switching. The simulated time domain noise waveform is converted to the conducted EMI in frequency domain via short-time fast Fourier transform (STFFT). The simulated conducted EMI is compared to measured results below 1MHz.

A Feasible Approach To Predicting Time-Dependent Bearing Performance Of Jacked Piles From Cptu Measurements, Lin Li, Jingpei Li, De'an Sun, Weibing Gong

Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, a simple but feasible approach is proposed to predict the time-dependent load carrying behaviors of jacked piles from CPTu measurements. The corrected cone resistance, which considers the unequal area of the cone rod and the cone, is used to determine the soil parameters used in the proposed approach. The pile installation effects on the changes in the stress state of the surrounding soil are assessed by an analytical solution to undrained expansion of a cylindrical cavity in K0-consolidated anisotropic clayey soil. Considering the similarity and scale effects between the piezocone and the pile, the CPTu measurements are …

One-Dimensional Sensor Learns To Sense Three-Dimensional Space, Chen Zhu, Rex E. Gerald, Yizheng Chen, Jie Huang

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A sensor system with ultra-high sensitivity, high resolution, rapid response time, and a high signal-to-noise ratio can produce raw data that is exceedingly rich in information, including signals that have the appearances of "noise". The "noise"feature directly correlates to measurands in orthogonal dimensions, and are simply manifestations of the off-diagonal elements of 2nd-order tensors that describe the spatial anisotropy of matter in physical structures and spaces. The use of machine learning techniques to extract useful meanings from the rich information afforded by ultra-sensitive one-dimensional sensors may offer the potential for probing mundane events for novel embedded phenomena. Inspired by our …

Two-Loop Corrections To The Large-Order Behavior Of Correlation Functions In The One-Dimensional N-Vector Model, L. T. Giorgini, Ulrich D. Jentschura, E. M. Malatesta, G. Parisi, T. Rizzo, J. Zinn-Justin

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

For a long time, the predictive limits of perturbative quantum field theory have been limited by our inability to carry out loop calculations to an arbitrarily high order, which become increasingly complex as the order of perturbation theory is increased. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that perturbation series derived from loop diagram (Feynman diagram) calculations represent asymptotic (divergent) series which limits the predictive power of perturbative quantum field theory. Here, we discuss an ansatz that could overcome these limits, based on the observations that (i) for many phenomenologically relevant field theories, one can derive dispersion relations which relate …

Channel Estimators For Full-Duplex Communication Using Orthogonal Pilot Sequences, Arul Mathi Maran Chandran, Lei Wang, Maciej Jan Zawodniok

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Full-duplex communication is desirable to maximize the spectral efficiency, despite the challenges it puts forth. The key challenge inhibiting the operation of radios in full-duplex mode is self-interference. In this paper, we propose a pilot-based channel estimation to estimate both self-interference and communication channels simultaneously at both ends of a full-duplex link using orthogonal sequences. The Cramer-Rao Lower Bound for estimators of both the channels was determined and compared with the half-duplex channel estimator. We performed simulations varying sequence length and channel taps and studied the performance of the estimators. We also studied the effect of synchronization between the sequences …

The Role Of Multiple Ionization In Fast Highly Charged Ions Collisions On H2o, N. Bachi, G. S. Otero, S. Otranto, Ronald E. Olson

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

An adaptive classical trajectory Monte Carlo model that explicitly considers the eight electrons corresponding to the valence molecular orbitals of the H₂O molecule is introduced. In this dynamical model, the electrons' binding energies change throughout the collision ensuring the proper energy deposition by the projectile for multiple electron removal. Present results are relevant to the ion-therapy program, specially at irradiation planning stages in which detailed information on the electronic emission spectra are needed as input data.

Anchoring The Hydrogen Sulfide Dimer Potential Energy Surface To Juxtapose (H2s)2 With (H2o)2, Morgan A. Perkins, Kayleigh R. Barlow, Katelyn M. Dreux, Gregory S. Tschumper

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

Twelve stationary points have been characterized on the (H₂S)₂ potential energy surface using the MP2 and CCSD(T) methods with large, correlation consistent basis sets. To the best of our knowledge, five of the structures have not been identified elsewhere and are presented here for the first time. A similar analysis was performed on the ten, well-known structures of the water dimer in order to facilitate direct comparisons between the corresponding (H₂O)₂ and (H₂S)₂ configurations. Harmonic vibrational frequency computations identify three (H₂S)₂ configurations as minima, four as transition states, …