Digital Commons Network^™

On The Failure Mechanisms Of Cr-Coated 316 Stainless Steel In Bending Fatigue Tests, Bin Zhang, Ali Haghshenas, Xiaoman Zhang, Jikui Zhao, S. Shao, M. M. Khonsari, S. Guo, W. J. Meng

Faculty Publications

Fully-reversed cyclic bending tests were conducted on uncoated and Cr-coated 316 stainless steel specimens. At high stresses, the uncoated specimens outperformed the Cr-coated ones, while the trend reversed at low stresses. For Cr-coated specimens subjected to high stress amplitude loading, experimental observations showed crack initiation at the Cr/substrate interface due to shear steps formed from dislocation activities in the substrate—a conclusion supported by accompanying finite element analysis. Interfacial crack initiation was not observed under low stress amplitudes. This difference in fatigue crack initiation mechanisms induced an opposite trend in fatigue life between high and low stress amplitudes.

Detection And Estimation Of Inundation And Associated Risks Using Traffic And Monitoring Cameras And Image Processing Under Extreme Flooding Conditions, Suyun Ham Ph.D, Seongjin Noh Ph.D, Dong-Jun Seo Ph.D, Yin Chao Yu, Sangoo Kang

Publications

The main objective of this project is to develop an inundation detection and evaluation framework using images from traffic monitoring cameras and reliable flood monitoring under extreme precipitation conditions. This study presents a comparative assessment of image enhancement and segmentation techniques to automatically identify the flash flooding from the low-resolution images taken by traffic-monitoring cameras. Due to inaccurate equipment in severe weather conditions (e.g., raindrops or light refraction on camera lenses), low-resolution images are subject to noises that degrade the quality of information. De-noising procedures are carried out for the enhancement of images by removing different types of noises. After …

Real-Time Early Detection And Monitoring Of Flooding Using Low-Cost Highly Sensitive Ultrasound Sensing Of Water Level, Suyun Ham Ph.D, Seongjin Noh Ph.D, Dong-Jun Seo Ph.D, Sanggoo Kang, Dafnik Saril Kumar David

Publications

Flooding poses safety hazards to motorists, emergency and maintenance crews and may cause costly damage to transportation infrastructure and its operation. Flash flooding, in particular, causes the most flood-related deaths According to NOAA, in 2017 alone, flash flooding also caused $60.7 billion worth of economic damage. Low-water crossings are among the first places where deaths and significant damages to vehicles occur during flooding. With flash flooding, when a critical corridor is blocked by a high level of water, it affects the safety of the general public. To keep the critical corridors open as long as possible, and to minimize losses …

Abq Streets: Creating Alternative Residential Street Designs, Gregory Rowangould Ph.D, Nick N. Ferenchak Ph.D

Publications

This research evaluates opportunities for retrofitting residential streets with alterative designs with the overall goal of improving their function, reducing their negative impacts and reducing maintenance costs. This is accomplished through three main research tasks. First, we conduct a comprehensive review of the street design literature with a focus on studies that report how alterative or unique designs that are relevant to the residential street context affect travel behavior, traffic flow, safety, crime and environmental impacts. We then survey residential streets in several study neighborhoods to measure typical design features and cross sections. With this information we then evaluate which …

Real-Time Work Zone Traffic Management Via Unmanned Air Vehicles, Charles Malveaux Ph.D, Marcio De Queiroz Ph.D, Xin Li Ph.D, Hany Hassan Ph.D, Zewei He Ph.D

Publications

Highway work zones are prone to traffic accidents when congestion and queues develop. Vehicle queues expand at a rate of 1 mile every 2 minutes. Back-of-queue, rear-end crashes are the most common work zone crash, endangering the safety of motorists, passengers, and construction workers. The dynamic nature of queuing in the proximity of highway work zones necessitates traffic management solutions that can monitor and intervene in real time. Fortunately, recent progress in sensor technology, embedded systems, and wireless communication coupled to lower costs are now enabling the development of real-time, automated, “intelligent” traffic management systems that address this problem. The …

Assessment Of Compatibility Of Mineral Aggregates And Binders Used In Highway Construction And Maintenance Projects, Zahid Hossain Ph.D, Ashraf Elsayed Ph.D, Tandra Bagchi, Sumon Roy

Publications

Stripping and delamination have been deemed as some of the major premature pavement distresses to most state Departments of Transportations (DOTs) and highway agencies including the Arkansas Department of Transportation (ARDOT). It is believed that the poor compatibility between asphalt binders and aggregates is one of the major reasons behind this. This study aims to analyze the compatibility of selected asphalt binders and aggregates used in Arkansas. Asphalt binders used in this study include PG 64-22, PG 70-22, and PG 76-22; each prepared from two different crude courses. Additionally, four different types of aggregates (sandstone, limestone, gravel, and dolomite) from …

Toward A Visual History Of Smell In Eighteenth-Century France, Cameron C. Emamdjomeh

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Selecting The Most Feasible Construction Phasing Plans For Urban Highway Rehabilitation Projects, Kunhee Choi Ph.D, H. David Jeong Ph.D, Yong-Cheol Lee, Yangtian Yin

Publications

Despite the abundance of research that has aimed to understand the effects of highway work zones, very little definitive information is available concerning the determination of work zone length (WZL). Quantitative studies that holistically model WZL are very rare. To fill this gap, this study identifies critical factors affecting WZL and develops decision support models that determine the optimal WZL in a balanced tradeoff between motorists’ inconvenience due to traffic disruption and their opportunity cost. A high-confidence dataset was created by conducting a series of scheduling and traffic simulations and analyses. The results revealed that traffic loading and work zone …

Seismic Ground Motion Data Analyses For North-East Arkansas, Zahid Hossain Ph.D, Ashraf Elsayed Ph.D, Md Ariful Hasan, Md Rafiue Islam

Publications

Estimation of liquefaction resistance and shear velocities are key elements in the assessment of potential earthquake damage of existing and new construction sites. The Arkansas Department of Transportation (ARDOT) and other agencies in the region need ground motion response analysis (GMRA) data of specific construction sites. As part of a recent ARDOT’s Transportation Research Committee (TRC) project, researchers have conducted geophysical investigations several construction sites in northeast Arkansas over the past twelve years. The current study gathered the previously reported test data and estimated seismic hazard properties such as shear wave velocity profiles and seismic hazard coefficients for nearby locations. …

Enhancing Evaluation Of Wildlife Detection Systems, Nick N. Ferenchak Ph.D

Publications

Every year in the United States, wildlife-vehicle collisions (WVCs) cause 200 human fatalities, 26,000 human injuries, and substantial harm to wildlife populations, resulting in approximately $8.4 billion in total costs. The research team examined two US 64 bridges located near Lumberton, New Mexico that were designed to allow wildlife to cross underneath. Monitoring stations were positioned at each of the crossings so that both wildlife approaches and passages were observed. Special mounting brackets were designed and fabricated to allow for the installation of monitoring equipment. Wildlife observations were supplemented with WVC counts. Over seven months of study, nearly 100,000 wildlife …

Optimizing The Geometric Configuration And Manufacturing Process Of High Mast Illumination Poles, Arturo Montoya Ph.D, Adolfo Matamoros Ph.D, Reza Nasouri, Echizeni Ikpah, Arsalan Majlesi

Publications

This work presents the development of a high-fidelity model that accounts for the cumulative effect of welding and hot- dip galvanizing on the determining the resulting residual stresses and deformations induced during the manufacturing process of high mast illumination poles (HMIPs). This model is meant to elucidate the root causes of weld toe cracks in HMIPs. A TxDOT pole-to-base plate connection detail was used as the reference model in the analysis. Welding was modeled using the plug-in Abaqus Welding Interface (AWI), which automatically implements a series of sequential thermal and mechanical analyses. Then, the welding stress results were used as …

Bridge Construction Monitoring Using Lidar For Quantified, Objective Quality-Control Quality-Assurance (Qoqcqa), Fernando Moreu Ph.D, Chris Lippitt Ph.D, Xinxing Yuan

Publications

Transportation infrastructure construction quality control and quality assurance demands construction monitoring by field inspectors. Currently, these inspectors monitor infrastructure by measuring and photographing structures. These tasks allow them to assess any correction decision during construction or to inform about the quality of the construction process for the future. In order to promote and objective decisions obtained during infrastructure construction, the proposed research project developed and implemented a methodology to measure construction progress and compared it with the designed 3D shape, quantifying the difference. This proposed project includes implementation for the development of DOT standards that could be added in near …

The Impacts Of Increased Adverse Weather Events On Freight Movement, Kyung "Kate" Hyun Ph.D, Stephen P. Mattingly Ph.D, Mehrdad Arabi

Publications

Freight transportation is a major economic backbone of the United States and is vital to sustaining the nation’s economic growth. Ports, as one of the primary components of freight transportation and important means of integrating into the global economic system, have experienced significant growth and increased capacity during the past two decades. The study addresses an important national freight mobility goal to enhance the resilience of the port transportation operations in the event of extreme weather events. This study develops an adaptable resilience assessment framework that evaluates the impact of a disruptive event on transportation operations. The framework identifies dynamic …

Development Of Corrosion Inhibiting Geopolymers Based Cement For Transportation Infrastructure, Homero Castaneda, Miladin Radovic, Changkyu Kim, Oscar Huang

Publications

Geopolymers are gaining attention as affordable, sustainable, and eco-friendly replacement for Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) in concrete civil structures. More importantly, Geopolymer-based Cement (GPC) provide sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to OPCs as GPC can be processed at room temperatures from aqueous solutions of waste materials (e.g., fly ash) or abounded natural sources (e.g., clay) and thus reduce significant CO₂ production associated with processing of OPC. Although, a lot of work has been done on improving mechanical properties of GPC over the last two decades, there are only a few studies on effects of GPC concrete on steel rebar …

Eco-Friendly Stabilization Of Sulfate-Rich Expansive Soils Using Geopolymers For Transportation Infrastructure, Xinbao Yu, Anand Puppala, Miladin Radovic, Sayantan Chakraborty, Jungyeon Jang, Oscar Huang

Publications

Traditional calcium-based stabilizers, such as lime, to stabilize sulfate-rich expansive soils, are lasting-challenges in geotechnical engineering. The biggest problem with using calcium-based stabilizers is that when calcium and water are exposed to sulfate-rich expansive soils, they form ettringite as an expansive mineral, which causes sulfate-induced heaving. The study aimed to investigate the feasibility of stabilizing sulfate-rich expansive soils using geopolymers for transportation infrastructure. Literature review on sulfate-induced heaving and sulfate-rich soils stabilized with geopolymers suggests a direction for how to stabilize sulfate soils using geopolymers. The engineering tests were conducted to determine the swell, shrinkage, and strength behavior of natural, …

Advanced Modeling And Design Methodology For Pavements Using Plasticity-Based Shakedown Theory, Shengli Chen, Chao Sun, Xu Wang, Zhiming Zhang

Publications

Pavement design is a process intended to find the most economical combination of layer thickness and material type for the pavement, taking into account the properties of the subgrade soil and the traffic to be carried during the service life of the road. The currently prevalent methods of pavement analysis and design, however, are more or less empirical in U.S., which possess the shortcoming that the important type of pavement distress of rutting related to the accumulation of plastic or permanent deformations cannot be effectively considered. This project proposes an exploratory study on the application of the plasticity theory-based shakedown …

Development And Initial Validation Of The Adult Coping Inventory, Kristen Hollas

LSU Master's Theses

There are few psychometrically sound measures for assessing coping in adults. For example, a widely used measure of coping, the COPE, has highly unstable sub-scale analyses (Lyne & Roger, 2000). The scarcity of instruments developed using evidence based “best practice” is concerning as coping skills are linked to a variety of positive and negative outcomes. For example, positive coping skills have been linked to better health outcomes among various populations (Garnefski & Kraaij, 2006; Littleton, Horsley, John & Nelson, 2007). This study aimed to address the lack of psychometrically sound measures of coping for an adult population. The current study …

Baton Rouge Collective Healing Initiative: Final Report, Jada Thomas-Smith, Judith F. Rhodes, Kristie Perry

Reports

In response to recent and historic traumatic events that caused distrust and strained relationships between law enforcement and their communities, the U. S. Department of Justice, Office of Victims of Crime (OVC), selected five demonstration sites to invest in restorative and healing activities to repair community-police relationships.

The International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) worked closely with the sites over the three-year grant period to improve relations through evidence-based interventions, technical assistance, and peer learning. The program, Law Enforcement and the Communities They Serve: Supporting Collective Healing in the Wake of Harm began in the selected cities, which included …

Loss Of Ulk1 Attenuates Cholesterogenic Gene Expression In Mammalian Hepatic Cells, Sangam Rajak, Liliana F. Iannucci, Jin Zhou, B. Anjum, Nelson George, Brijesh K. Singh, Sujoy Ghosh, Paul M. Yen, Rohit A. Sinha

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

The hepatic mevalonate (MVA) pathway, responsible for cholesterol biosynthesis, is a therapeutically important metabolic pathway in clinical medicine. Using an unbiased transcriptomics approach, we uncover a novel role of Unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) in regulating the expression of the hepatic de novo cholesterol biosynthesis/MVA pathway genes. Genetic silencing of ULK1 in non-starved mouse (AML-12) and human (HepG2) hepatic cells as well as in mouse liver followed by transcriptome and pathway analysis revealed that the loss of ULK1 expression led to significant down-regulation of genes involved in the MVA/cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. At a mechanistic level, loss of ULK1 …

Search For Hep Solar Neutrinos And The Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background Using All Three Phases Of The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, B. Aharmim, S. N. Ahmed, A. E. Anthony, N. Barros, E. W. Beier, A. Bellerive, B. Beltran, M. Bergevin, S. D. Biller, E. Blucher, R. Bonventre, K. Boudjemline, M. G. Boulay, B. Cai, E. J. Callaghan, J. Caravaca, Y. D. Chan, D. Chauhan, M. Chen, B. T. Cleveland, G. A. Cox, X. Dai, H. Deng, F. B. Descamps, J. A. Detwiler, P. J. Doe, G. Doucas, P. L. Drouin

Faculty Publications

A search has been performed for neutrinos from two sources, the hep reaction in the solar pp fusion chain and the νe component of the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB), using the full dataset of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory with a total exposure of 2.47 kton-years after fiducialization. The hep search is performed using both a single-bin counting analysis and a likelihood fit. We find a best-fit flux that is compatible with solar model predictions while remaining consistent with zero flux, and set a one-sided upper limit of φhep<30×103 cm-2 s-1 [90% credible interval (CI)]. No events are observed in the DSNB search region, and we set an improved upper bound on the νe component of the DSNB flux of φνeDSNB<19 cm-2 s-1 (90% CI) in the energy range 22.9

177Lu-Labeled Eu-Doped Mesoporous Sio2Nanoparticles As A Theranostic Radiopharmaceutical For Colorectal Cancer, Rodrigo Da Silva Viana, Luciana Amaral De Mescana Costa, Ashlyn C. Harmon, Manoel Adrião Gomes Filho, Eduardo H.L. Falcão, Maria G.H. Vicente, Severino A. Junior, J. Michael Mathis

Faculty Publications

Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society. Colorectal cancer is one of the most significant types of cancer, ranking second in the world's mortality cases. As colorectal cancer is often diagnosed at a late stage of disease progression, effective treatments are necessary. Therefore, radiotherapy has become a fundamental approach in the treatment of colorectal cancer, especially those based on the use of 177Lu. A potential approach to meet this challenge is the use of nanotechnology through the development of radionuclide-based nanomaterials. In this work, we investigated a SiO2-derived class of nanomaterials formed by the insertion of the coordination complex, based on …

Methane Steam Reforming At Low Steam-To-Carbon Ratio: The Effect Of Y Doping In Rh Substituted Lanthanum Zirconates, Yan Zhou, Daniel Haynes, John Baltrus, Amitava Roy, Dushyant Shekhawat, James J. Spivey

Faculty Publications

A series of Rh-substituted lanthanum zirconate pyrochlores doped with different loadings of Y (A-site or B-site) were synthesized and studied for methane steam reforming (MSR) under low steam-to-carbon ratios (S/C = 1.0). This study mainly focuses on Y doping in the pyrochlore structure and its potential influence on the catalytic activity of Rh and carbon formation during reaction. XANES data showed that doping Y into the pyrochlore resulted in an occupancy that was predominately located in the B-site, but overall the distribution of Y in each site was similar in all catalysts despite the loadings of Y and stoichiometry of …

Methane Steam Reforming At Low Steam-To-Carbon Ratio: The Effect Of Y Doping In Rh Substituted Lanthanum Zirconates, Yan Zhou, Daniel Haynes, John Baltrus, Amitava Roy, Dushyant Shekhawat, James J. Spivey

Faculty Publications

A series of Rh-substituted lanthanum zirconate pyrochlores doped with different loadings of Y (A-site or B-site) were synthesized and studied for methane steam reforming (MSR) under low steam-to-carbon ratios (S/C = 1.0). This study mainly focuses on Y doping in the pyrochlore structure and its potential influence on the catalytic activity of Rh and carbon formation during reaction. XANES data showed that doping Y into the pyrochlore resulted in an occupancy that was predominately located in the B-site, but overall the distribution of Y in each site was similar in all catalysts despite the loadings of Y and stoichiometry of …

Real-Time Time-Dependent Electronic Structure Theory, Xiaosong Li, Niranjan Govind, Christine Isborn, A. Eugene Deprince, Kenneth Lopata

Faculty Publications

Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society. Real-time electronic structure methods provide an unprecedented view of electron dynamics and ultrafast spectroscopy on the atto- and femtosecond time scale with vast potential to yield new insights into the electronic behavior of molecules and materials. In this Review, we discuss the fundamental theory underlying various real-time electronic structure methods as well as advantages and disadvantages of each. We give an overview of the numerical techniques that are widely used for real-time propagation of the quantum electron dynamics with an emphasis on Gaussian basis set methods. We also showcase many of the chemical applications …

Low Aflatoxin Levels In Aspergillus Flavus-Resistant Maize Are Correlated With Increased Corn Earworm Damage And Enhanced Seed Fumonisin, Subbaiah Chalivendra, Fangneng Huang, Mark Busman, W. Paul Williams, Jong Hyun Ham

Faculty Publications

Preharvest mycotoxin contamination of field-grown crops is influenced not only by the host genotype, but also by inoculum load, insect pressure and their confounding interactions with seasonal weather. In two different field trials, we observed a preference in the natural infestation of corn earworm (CEW; Helicoverpa zea Boddie) to specific maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes and investigated this observation. The field trials involved four maize lines with contrasting levels of resistance to Aspergillus flavus. The resistant lines had 7 to 14-fold greater infested ears than the susceptible lines. Seed aflatoxin B1 (AF) levels, in mock- and A. flavus-inoculated ears were …

Quantum Backaction Cancellation In The Audio Band, Jonathan Cripe, Torrey Cullen, Yanbei Chen, Paula Heu, David Follman, Garrett D. Cole, Thomas Corbitt

Faculty Publications

We report on the cancellation of quantum backaction noise in an optomechanical cavity. We perform measurements of the displacement of the microresonator, one in reflection of the cavity and one in transmission of the cavity. We show that measuring the amplitude quadrature of the light transmitted by the optomechanical cavity allows us to cancel the backaction noise between 2 and 50 kHz as a consequence of the strong optical spring present in the detuned cavity. This cancellation yields a more sensitive measurement of the microresonator's position with a 2 dB increase in sensitivity. To confirm that the backaction is eliminated, …

Multihazard Hurricane Fragility Model For Wood Structure Homes Considering Hazard Parameters And Building Attributes Interaction, Carol C. Massarra, Carol J. Friedland, Brian D. Marx, J. Casey Dietrich

Faculty Publications

Predicting building damage as a function of hurricane hazards, building attributes, and the interaction between hazard and building attributes is a key to understanding how significant interaction reflects variation hazard intensity effect on damage based on building attribute levels. This paper develops multihazard hurricane fragility models for wood structure homes considering interaction between hazard and building attributes. Fragility models are developed for ordered categorical damage states (DS) and binary collapse/no collapse. Exterior physical damage and building attributes from rapid assessment in coastal Mississippi following Hurricane Katrina (2005), high-resolution numerical hindcast hazard intensities from the Simulating WAves Nearshore and ADvanced CIRCulation …

Demographic, Jurisdictional, And Spatial Effects On Social Distancing In The United States During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Rajesh P. Narayanan, James Nordlund, R. Kelley Pace, Dimuthu Ratnadiwakara

Faculty Publications

Social distancing, a non-pharmaceutical tactic aimed at reducing the spread of COVID-19, can arise because individuals voluntarily distance from others to avoid contracting the disease. Alternatively, it can arise because of jurisdictional restrictions imposed by local authorities. We run reduced form models of social distancing as a function of county-level exogenous demographic variables and jurisdictional fixed effects for 49 states to assess the relative contributions of demographic and jurisdictional effects in explaining social distancing behavior. To allow for possible spatial aspects of a contagious disease, we also model the spillovers associated with demographic variables in surrounding counties as well as …

Relative Entropy And Catalytic Relative Majorization, Soorya Rethinasamy, Mark M. Wilde

Faculty Publications

Given two pairs of quantum states, a fundamental question in the resource theory of asymmetric distinguishability is whether there exists a quantum channel converting one pair to the other. In this work, we reframe this question in such a way that a catalyst can be used to help perform the transformation, with the only constraint on the catalyst being that its reduced state is returned unchanged, so that it can be used again to assist a future transformation. What we find here, for the special case in which the states in a given pair are commuting, and thus quasiclassical, is …

Weather Derivatives And The Market Price Of Risk, Julius Esunge, James J. Njong

Journal of Stochastic Analysis

No abstract provided.