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An Erp Study Of The Effects Of Iconic And Nonsense Gestures On Memory Formation, Brianna E. Cairney Nov 2021

An Erp Study Of The Effects Of Iconic And Nonsense Gestures On Memory Formation, Brianna E. Cairney

LSU Master's Theses

Co-speech gesture is an important part of human communication and aids in comprehension, learning, and memory. The addition of iconic gestures to speech has been shown in prior work to enhance memory for the speech. However, it remains unclear as to whether this benefit requires gestures to be meaningful, or, conversely, if any attentionally-engaging gesture will enhance memory. In the current study, we tested two theories to explain the mnemonic benefits of co-speech gesture: Dual Coding Theory, which attributes these benefits to multimodal encoding and enhanced imageability, and Attentional Highlighting Theory, which posits that gestures draw more attention to concurrent …

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Variability Of Grower Net Returns With Crop Enterprise Selections Over Risk, James Mccann Nov 2021

Variability Of Grower Net Returns With Crop Enterprise Selections Over Risk, James Mccann

LSU Master's Theses

A grower’s crop enterprise selection plays a substantial role in determining the operational profitability in areas that are capable of growing diverse crops, such as the northern and central regions of Louisiana. Each crop enterprise selection is subject to variation in risk as market conditions, weather, and production costs can all be critical factors that could potentially impact the level of per-acre net returns to the grower. Variations or volatility in one or more of these risk categories can result in growers electing to plant alternative enterprises on their farms. Simulation modeling allows farm managers the ability to calculate mean …

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Protein Appetite At The Interface Between Nutrient Sensing And Physiological Homeostasis, Md Shahjalal Khan, Redin A. Spann, Heike Münzberg, Sangho Yu, Vance L. Albaugh, Yanlin He, Hans Rudolf Berthoud, Christopher D. Morrison Nov 2021

Protein Appetite At The Interface Between Nutrient Sensing And Physiological Homeostasis, Md Shahjalal Khan, Redin A. Spann, Heike Münzberg, Sangho Yu, Vance L. Albaugh, Yanlin He, Hans Rudolf Berthoud, Christopher D. Morrison

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Feeding behavior is guided by multiple competing physiological needs, as animals must sense their internal nutritional state and then identify and consume foods that meet nutritional needs. Dietary protein intake is necessary to provide essential amino acids and represents a specific, distinct nutritional need. Consistent with this importance, there is a relatively strong body of literature indicating that protein intake is defended, such that animals sense the restriction of protein and adaptively alter feeding behavior to increase protein intake. Here, we argue that this matching of food consumption with physiological need requires at least two concurrent mechanisms: the first being …

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Tau-Atrophy Variability Reveals Phenotypic Heterogeneity In Alzheimer's Disease, Sandhitsu R. Das, Xueying Lyu, Michael Tran Duong, Long Xie, Lauren Mccollum, Robin De Flores, Michael Dicalogero, David J. Irwin, Bradford C. Dickerson, Ilya M. Nasrallah, Paul A. Yushkevich, David A. Wolk, Michael Weiner, Paul Aisen, Ronald Petersen, Clifford R. Jack, William Jagust, John Q. Trojanowki, Arthur W. Toga, Laurel Beckett, Robert C. Green, Andrew J. Saykin, John Morris, Leslie M. Shaw, Enchi Liu, Tom Montine, Ronald G. Thomas, Michael Donohue, Michael Donohue, Sarah Walter, Devon Gessert, Tamie Sather, Gus Jiminez, Danielle Harvey Nov 2021

Tau-Atrophy Variability Reveals Phenotypic Heterogeneity In Alzheimer's Disease, Sandhitsu R. Das, Xueying Lyu, Michael Tran Duong, Long Xie, Lauren Mccollum, Robin De Flores, Michael Dicalogero, David J. Irwin, Bradford C. Dickerson, Ilya M. Nasrallah, Paul A. Yushkevich, David A. Wolk, Michael Weiner, Paul Aisen, Ronald Petersen, Clifford R. Jack, William Jagust, John Q. Trojanowki, Arthur W. Toga, Laurel Beckett, Robert C. Green, Andrew J. Saykin, John Morris, Leslie M. Shaw, Enchi Liu, Tom Montine, Ronald G. Thomas, Michael Donohue, Michael Donohue, Sarah Walter, Devon Gessert, Tamie Sather, Gus Jiminez, Danielle Harvey

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Objective: Tau neurofibrillary tangles (T) are the primary driver of downstream neurodegeneration (N) and subsequent cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, there is substantial variability in the T-N relationship – manifested in higher or lower atrophy than expected for level of tau in a given brain region. The goal of this study was to determine if region-based quantitation of this variability allows for identification of underlying modulatory factors, including polypathology. Methods: Cortical thickness (N) and 18F-Flortaucipir SUVR (T) were computed in 104 gray matter regions from a cohort of cognitively-impaired, amyloid-positive (A+) individuals. Region-specific residuals from a robust linear …

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Evaluating The Advantage Of Adaptive Strategies For Quantum Channel Distinguishability, Vishal Katariya, Mark M. Wilde Nov 2021

Evaluating The Advantage Of Adaptive Strategies For Quantum Channel Distinguishability, Vishal Katariya, Mark M. Wilde

Faculty Publications

Recently, the resource theory of asymmetric distinguishability for quantum strategies was introduced by Wang et al. [Phys. Rev. Research 1, 033169 (2019)2643-156410.1103/PhysRevResearch.1.033169.]. The fundamental objects in the resource theory are pairs of quantum strategies, which are generalizations of quantum channels that provide a framework to describe an arbitrary quantum interaction. In the present paper we provide semidefinite program characterizations of the one-shot operational quantities in this resource theory. We then apply these semidefinite programs to study the advantage conferred by adaptive strategies in discrimination and distinguishability distillation of generalized amplitude damping channels. We find that there are significant gaps between …

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Real Space Quantum Cluster Formulation For The Typical Medium Theory Of Anderson Localization, Ka Ming Tam, Hanna Terletska, Tom Berlijn, Liviu Chioncel, Juana Moreno Nov 2021

Real Space Quantum Cluster Formulation For The Typical Medium Theory Of Anderson Localization, Ka Ming Tam, Hanna Terletska, Tom Berlijn, Liviu Chioncel, Juana Moreno

Faculty Publications

We develop a real space cluster extension of the typical medium theory (cluster-TMT) to study Anderson localization. By construction, the cluster-TMT approach is formally equivalent to the real space cluster extension of the dynamical mean field theory. Applying the developed method to the 3D Anderson model with a box disorder distribution, we demonstrate that cluster-TMT successfully captures the localization phenomena in all disorder regimes. As a function of the cluster size, our method obtains the correct critical disorder strength for the Anderson localization in 3D, and systematically recovers the re-entrance behavior of the mobility edge. From a general perspective, our …

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Complex Attosecond Waveform Synthesis At Fel Fermi, Praveen Kumar Maroju, Cesare Grazioli, Michele Di Fraia, Matteo Moioli, Dominik Ertel, Hamed Ahmadi, Oksana Plekan, Paola Finetti, Enrico Allaria, Luca Giannessi, Giovanni De Ninno, Alberto A. Lutman, Richard J. Squibb, Raimund Feifel, Paolo Carpeggiani, Maurizio Reduzzi, Tommaso Mazza, Michael Meyer, Samuel Bengtsson, Neven Ibrakovic, Emma Rose Simpson, Johan Mauritsson, Tamás Csizmadia, Mathieu Dumergue, Sergei Kühn, Harshitha Nandiga Gopalakrishnan, Daehyun You, Kiyoshi Ueda, Marie Labeye, Jens Egebjerg Bækhøj, Kenneth J. Schafer, Elena V. Gryzlova, Alexei N. Grum-Grzhimailo Nov 2021

Complex Attosecond Waveform Synthesis At Fel Fermi, Praveen Kumar Maroju, Cesare Grazioli, Michele Di Fraia, Matteo Moioli, Dominik Ertel, Hamed Ahmadi, Oksana Plekan, Paola Finetti, Enrico Allaria, Luca Giannessi, Giovanni De Ninno, Alberto A. Lutman, Richard J. Squibb, Raimund Feifel, Paolo Carpeggiani, Maurizio Reduzzi, Tommaso Mazza, Michael Meyer, Samuel Bengtsson, Neven Ibrakovic, Emma Rose Simpson, Johan Mauritsson, Tamás Csizmadia, Mathieu Dumergue, Sergei Kühn, Harshitha Nandiga Gopalakrishnan, Daehyun You, Kiyoshi Ueda, Marie Labeye, Jens Egebjerg Bækhøj, Kenneth J. Schafer, Elena V. Gryzlova, Alexei N. Grum-Grzhimailo

Faculty Publications

Free-electron lasers (FELs) can produce radiation in the short wavelength range extending from the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) to the X-rays with a few to a few tens of femtoseconds pulse duration. These facilities have enabled significant breakthroughs in the field of atomic, molecular, and optical physics, implementing different schemes based on two-color photoionization mechanisms. In this article, we present the generation of attosecond pulse trains (APTs) at the seeded FEL FERMI using the beating of multiple phase-locked harmonics. We demonstrate the complex attosecond waveform shaping of the generated APTs, exploiting the ability to manipulate independently the amplitudes and the phases …

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Ogle-2019-Blg-0960 Lb: The Smallest Microlensing Planet, Jennifer C. Yee, Weicheng Zang, Andrzej Udalski, Yoon Hyun Ryu, Jonathan Green, Steve Hennerley, Andrew Marmont, Takahiro Sumi, Shude Mao, Mariusz Gromadzki, Przemek Mróz, Jan Skowron, Radoslaw Poleski, Michal K. Szymanski, Igor Soszynski, Pawel Pietrukowicz, Szymon Kozlowski, Krzysztof Ulaczyk, Krzysztof A. Rybicki, Patryk Iwanek, Marcin Wrona, Michael D. Albrow, Sun Ju Chung, Andrew Gould, Cheongho Han, Kyu Ha Hwang, Youn Kil Jung, Hyoun Woo Kim, In Gu Shin, Yossi Shvartzvald, Sang Mok Cha, Dong Jin Kim, Seung Lee Kim Nov 2021

Ogle-2019-Blg-0960 Lb: The Smallest Microlensing Planet, Jennifer C. Yee, Weicheng Zang, Andrzej Udalski, Yoon Hyun Ryu, Jonathan Green, Steve Hennerley, Andrew Marmont, Takahiro Sumi, Shude Mao, Mariusz Gromadzki, Przemek Mróz, Jan Skowron, Radoslaw Poleski, Michal K. Szymanski, Igor Soszynski, Pawel Pietrukowicz, Szymon Kozlowski, Krzysztof Ulaczyk, Krzysztof A. Rybicki, Patryk Iwanek, Marcin Wrona, Michael D. Albrow, Sun Ju Chung, Andrew Gould, Cheongho Han, Kyu Ha Hwang, Youn Kil Jung, Hyoun Woo Kim, In Gu Shin, Yossi Shvartzvald, Sang Mok Cha, Dong Jin Kim, Seung Lee Kim

Faculty Publications

We report the analysis of OGLE-2019-BLG-0960, which contains the smallest mass-ratio microlensing planet found to date (q = 1.2-1.6 × 10-5 at 1s). Although there is substantial uncertainty in the satellite parallax measured by Spitzer, the measurement of the annual parallax effect combined with the finite source effect allows us to determine the mass of the host star (M L = 0.3-0.6 M o?), the mass of its planet (m p = 1.4-3.1 M ?), the projected separation between the host and planet (a ? = 1.2-2.3 au), and the distance to the lens system (D L = 0.6-1.2 kpc). …

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Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Radish, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker Nov 2021

Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Radish, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker

Sustainable Gardening for School and Home Gardens

Radish is a root crop and member of the Brassicaceae family, also known as the cabbage family, which includes other cool-season crops like cabbage, kale, collards, broccoli and cauliflower. The name radish comes from the Latin word for “root” and a Greek expression that translates into “easily reared.” Western Asia (likely China) is considered the country of origin for the wild form, and it was first recorded around 2000 B.C. in Egypt. Radishes were especially popular and highly regarded with the Greeks. The original radish was probably larger and slow-growing, similar to Daikon radish.

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Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Lettuce, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker Nov 2021

Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Lettuce, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker

Sustainable Gardening for School and Home Gardens

Lettuce is a member of the Asteraceae family, also known as the aster or sunflower family, which includes crops such as globe artichokes and endive, but also garden ornamentals like sunflowers, dahlias, marigolds and zinnias. Cultivated lettuce likely developed from wild lettuce from the Mediterranean area of the Middle East and was first recorded in ancient Egypt around 2500 B.C. in tomb paintings but may have been as early as 4500 B.C. This original lettuce had two main types: one with much thicker stems (like celery) and another that produced seeds used for cooking oil. The stem lettuces (similar to …

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Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Leafy Greens, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker Nov 2021

Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Leafy Greens, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker

Sustainable Gardening for School and Home Gardens

Collards and kale are both members of the Brassicaceae family, also known as the cabbage family, which includes other cool-season cole crops like cabbage, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cauliflower and radish. However, collards and kale are distinct from much of the cabbage family because they do not form heads; instead their leaves are harvested.

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Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Eggplant, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker Nov 2021

Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Eggplant, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker

Sustainable Gardening for School and Home Gardens

The eggplant is a member of the Solanaceae family, also known as the Nightshade family, which includes crops such as the Irish potato, tomato, tomatillo and pepper. The eggplant is thought to have originated in Asia (mainly parts of India and Burma/Myanmar), and the first record of this vegetable was from a 5th century Chinese book. The original eggplant was a wild plant with orange, pea-sized, spiny fruit — very different than the present-day eggplant!

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Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Cucumber, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker Nov 2021

Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Cucumber, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker

Sustainable Gardening for School and Home Gardens

Cucumbers are members of the Cucurbitaceae family, also known as the cucurbits or gourd family. The group includes crops such as winter and summer squash, watermelon, cantaloupe, pumpkins and gourds. It is believed that cucumbers originated in India over 3,000 years ago and then spread to China, Greece, Italy and North Africa (see Figure 2). By the 9th century, cucumbers were grown in France, likely transported by the Romans. They were not documented in England until the 14th century. Cucumbers were then transported to the Americas during colonization, led by Columbus around the mid-1500s, and were grown in early Virginia …

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Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Citrus, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker Nov 2021

Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Citrus, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker

Sustainable Gardening for School and Home Gardens

Citrus trees are members of the Rutaceae family, also known as the Rue family, which includes mostly flowering woody trees and shrubs. Trees in this family produce citrus fruits, including popular crops for Louisiana, such as satsumas, oranges and kumquats (see Figure 1). Citrus trees cannot survive in areas that regularly freeze, so production is concentrated along the Gulf Coast, particularly in southern areas of Louisiana and Florida.

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Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Cabbage, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker Nov 2021

Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Cabbage, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker

Sustainable Gardening for School and Home Gardens

Cabbage and Chinese cabbage are members of the Brassicaceae family, also known as the cabbage, mustard or crucifer family, which includes other cole crops like broccoli, cauliflower, kale, collards, kohlrabi and radishes. Both cabbage and Chinese cabbage are cool-season, frost-tolerant crops that are widely adapted to temperate and subtropical regions. The center of origin of cabbage is most often considered to be the coastal areas of the Mediterranean, the British Isles and Western Europe. Cabbage is thought to have been first grown by the Greeks for medicinal purposes over 3,000 years ago. Today’s cabbage varieties are likely derived from wild, …

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Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Sweet Pepper, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker Nov 2021

Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Sweet Pepper, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker

Sustainable Gardening for School and Home Gardens

Peppers are likely native to the Oaxaca region of Mexico, where they are referred to as chiles, with evidence dating back to 5000 B.C. Peppers were also widely produced in Guatemala, and evidence of this crop’s presence in Peru was documented in 1609. They were transported by Spanish and Portuguese explorers and adapted to many different climates. Columbus discovered pungent (hot) peppers in the West Indies and coined the name “pepper.” By the 16th century, peppers were introduced to Europe but were not commercially produced in the southern U.S. until 1925.

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Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Snap Beans, Bush And Pole, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker Nov 2021

Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Snap Beans, Bush And Pole, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker

Sustainable Gardening for School and Home Gardens

Snap beans are legumes and members of the Fabaceae family, also known as the Pea family, which includes other warm-season beans, peas, lentils and peanuts, along with many other plants, shrubs and trees. This crop is thought to have originated in the Latin American countries of southern Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras and Costa Rica. Snap beans thrive in these sandy clay soils and have been grown in Mexico for over 7,000 years. However, there is evidence that snap beans may have been cultivated much earlier in Peru, as seeds were found with a mummified woman buried with pre-Incan artifacts.

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Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Squash, Summer And Winter, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker Nov 2021

Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Squash, Summer And Winter, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker

Sustainable Gardening for School and Home Gardens

Summer and winter squash are members of the Cucurbitaceae family, also known as the gourd family, which includes crops such as cucumber, cantaloupe, watermelon and gourd. The species Cucurbita pepo includes most summer squashes (scallop, yellow crookneck, yellow straightneck and zucchini), winter squashes (acorn, delicata and spaghetti), and field and pie pumpkins and gourds. This is the most diverse species in the Cucurbitaceae family in terms of fruit appearance, size and flesh color.

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Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Cantaloupe And Watermelon, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker Nov 2021

Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Cantaloupe And Watermelon, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker

Sustainable Gardening for School and Home Gardens

Cantaloupe and watermelon are members of the Cucurbitaceae family, also known as the gourd family. This family includes crops such as cucumbers, summer and winter squash, and gourds. Melon is a general term for a fruit produced by various members of this plant family and refers to netted and non-netted fruits, including the cantaloupe, muskmelon, honeydew and Asian melon. Cantaloupes are often referred to as muskmelons. Musk is a Persian word meaning “perfume,” which refers to the fruit’s musky, sweet fragrance. Most Americans use the word cantaloupe rather than muskmelon to describe this fruit.

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Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Broccoli And Cauliflower, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker Nov 2021

Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Broccoli And Cauliflower, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker

Sustainable Gardening for School and Home Gardens

Broccoli and cauliflower are herbaceous plants (meaning they have nonwoody stems) and are widely adapted throughout temperate and subtropical regions of the world. They are closely related members of the Brassicaceae family, also known as the cabbage family, which includes other cool-season cole crops like cabbages, Brussels sprouts, kale, kohlrabi, collards and radishes. Cole crops can tolerate frost, are generally hardy and mature in cool weather. The name broccoli came from the Italian word “brocco,” meaning “shoot,” which refers to sprouting broccoli. The name cauliflower is believed to have been derived from the Italian word “cavolfiore,” meaning “cabbage flower.”

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Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Blueberries, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker Nov 2021

Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Blueberries, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker

Sustainable Gardening for School and Home Gardens

Blueberries are a member of the Ericaceae family, also known as the Heath family, which also includes cranberries and huckleberries along with thousands of other flowering plants like rhododendron, azaleas and heather. Characteristics of this plant family often include tolerance to acidic soils and flowers that produce a berry. The blueberry shrub is a deciduous shrub and one of the few fruit crops native to North America, existing in the wild for thousands of years. Blueberries were commonly harvested, dried and stored by Native Americans, and the entire plant was said to be used for medicinal purposes. European colonists learned …

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Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Strawberries, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker Nov 2021

Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Strawberries, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker

Sustainable Gardening for School and Home Gardens

Strawberries are part of the Rosaceae family, also known as the rose family, which includes the ornamental rose, along with apples, almonds, blackberries, cherries, pears and raspberries. Members of this plant family include woody shrubs or trees, although strawberry plants are more herbaceous with a low-growing habit. Strawberry’s scientific name, Fragaria x ananassa, includes an ‘x’ to indicate its hybrid nature, in this case, of two different species.

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Durability Of Concrete Produced With Alternative Supplementary Cementitious Material, Craig Newtson, Brad Weldon, Judit Garcia, Seyedsaleh Mousavinezhad, William Toledo Nov 2021

Durability Of Concrete Produced With Alternative Supplementary Cementitious Material, Craig Newtson, Brad Weldon, Judit Garcia, Seyedsaleh Mousavinezhad, William Toledo

Data

Historically, Class F fly ash has been chosen as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) in concrete for its ability to mitigate alkali-silica reaction (ASR). However, future availability of fly ash is uncertain because the energy industry has been investing in renewable energy production and removing coal burning generating stations from operation. Consequently, there is a growing need to find new, cost effective and environmentally friendly alternatives to fly ash. This study investigated a locally available natural pozzolan mined from a pumicite deposit near Espanola, NM for its ability to mediate ASR. Concrete and mortar mixtures included SCM contents ranging from …

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Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Beet And Carrot, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker Nov 2021

Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Beet And Carrot, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker

Sustainable Gardening for School and Home Gardens

Beets are members of the Chenopodiaceae (or Amaranthaceae) family, also known as the beet or Goosefoot family, which includes other cool-season crops like spinach, Swiss chard, orach and quinoa. The beet, or beetroot, is an ancient crop dating back to 2000 B.C. Beets were likely domesticated in the Mediterranean region, taken to Babylonia around the eighth century B.C. and introduced into China in 850 A.D. The Romans ate beets in the 3rd and 4th centuries, as they were believed to promote good health.

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Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Tomato, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker Nov 2021

Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Tomato, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker

Sustainable Gardening for School and Home Gardens

Tomatoes belong to the Solanaceae family, also known as nightshades, which includes the Irish potato, pepper, tomatillo and eggplant. The first wild tomato plant had bright red, cherry-type fruit and is thought to be native to the Andes Mountains region of Peru and Bolivia. Tomatoes spread to South America and Central America by the natural migration of Indigenous peoples. Confined to the Americas for several thousand years, tomatoes were bred and selected for larger fruit that varied greatly in appearance. The plants were likely bred in Mexico beginning with the Aztecs and Toltecs. There it was traditionally companion planted with …

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Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Sustainable Gardening Planting Guide, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker Nov 2021

Sustainable Gardening For School And Home Gardens: Sustainable Gardening Planting Guide, Johannah Frelier, Denyse Cummins, Carl Motsenbocker

Sustainable Gardening for School and Home Gardens

How to use this guide: 1) Find your crop 2) If your crop is within the proper planting times for success, decide if you will direct seed or grow or buy transplants. Time required for producing transplants is given in weeks, as is how deep to plant if seeding in the field or trays and how far apart to put plants or seeds from neighbors within a row or the distance from rows of like plants. Days to Harvest informs when to expect to pick the first vegetable from a direct seeded or transplanted crop (in parentheses). Knowing the Plant …

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A Reference Genome For The Nectar-Robbing Black-Throated Flowerpiercer (Diglossa Brunneiventris), A E. Hiller, R T. Brumfield, B C. Faircloth Nov 2021

A Reference Genome For The Nectar-Robbing Black-Throated Flowerpiercer (Diglossa Brunneiventris), A E. Hiller, R T. Brumfield, B C. Faircloth

Faculty Publications

Black-throated Flowerpiercers (Diglossa brunneiventris) are one species representing a phenotypically specialized group of tanagers (Thraupidae) that have hooked bills which allow them to feed by stealing nectar from the base of flowers. Members of the genus are widely distributed in montane regions from Mexico to northern Argentina, and previous studies of Diglossa have focused on their systematics, phylogenetics, and interesting natural history. Despite numerous studies of species within the genus, no genome assembly exists to represent these nectivorous tanagers. We described the assembly of a genome sequence representing a museum-vouchered, wild, female D. brunneiventris collected in Peru. By combining Pacific …

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Calet Observations During The First 5 Years On The Iss, P. S. Marrocchesi, O. Adriani, Y. Akaike, Y. Asaoka, E. Berti, G. Bigongiari, M. Bongi, P. Brogi, A. Bruno, N. Cannady, C. Checchia, M. L. Cherry, G. Collazuol, A. W. Ficklin, T. G. Guzik, M. Ichimura, M. H. Israel, K. Kasahara, Y. Kawakubo, J. F. Krizmanic, A. M. Messineo, J. W. Mitchell, S. Miyake, M. Mori, N. Mori, H. M. Motz, K. Munakata, L. Pacini, F. Palma, P. Papini, B. F. Rauch, S. B. Ricciarini, T. Sakamoto Nov 2021

Calet Observations During The First 5 Years On The Iss, P. S. Marrocchesi, O. Adriani, Y. Akaike, Y. Asaoka, E. Berti, G. Bigongiari, M. Bongi, P. Brogi, A. Bruno, N. Cannady, C. Checchia, M. L. Cherry, G. Collazuol, A. W. Ficklin, T. G. Guzik, M. Ichimura, M. H. Israel, K. Kasahara, Y. Kawakubo, J. F. Krizmanic, A. M. Messineo, J. W. Mitchell, S. Miyake, M. Mori, N. Mori, H. M. Motz, K. Munakata, L. Pacini, F. Palma, P. Papini, B. F. Rauch, S. B. Ricciarini, T. Sakamoto

Faculty Publications

The CALorimetric Electron Telescope CALET is collecting science data on the International Space Station since October 2015 with excellent and continuous performance. Energy is measured with a deep homogeneous calorimeter (1.2 nuclear interaction lengths, 27 radiation lengths) preceded by an imaging pre-shower (3 radiation lengths, 1mm granularity) providing tracking and 10-5 electron/proton discrimination. Two independent sub-systems identify the charge Z of the incident particle from proton to iron and above (Z<40). CALET measures the cosmic-ray electron + positron flux up to 20 TeV, gamma rays up to 10 TeV, and nuclei up to the PeV scale. In this paper, we report the on-orbit performance of the instrument and summarize the main results obtained during the first 5 years of operation, including the electron + positron energy spectrum and the individual spectra of protons, heavier nuclei and iron. Solar modulation and gamma-ray observations are also concisely reported, as well as transient phenomena and the search for gravitational wave counterparts.

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Genetic Responses And Aflatoxin Inhibition During Co-Culture Of Aflatoxigenic And Non-Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus Flavus, Rebecca R. Sweany, Brian M. Mack, Geromy G. Moore, Matthew K. Gilbert, Jeffrey W. Cary, Matthew D. Lebar, Kanniah Rajasekaran, Kenneth E. Damann Nov 2021

Genetic Responses And Aflatoxin Inhibition During Co-Culture Of Aflatoxigenic And Non-Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus Flavus, Rebecca R. Sweany, Brian M. Mack, Geromy G. Moore, Matthew K. Gilbert, Jeffrey W. Cary, Matthew D. Lebar, Kanniah Rajasekaran, Kenneth E. Damann

Faculty Publications

Aflatoxin is a carcinogenic mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus. Non-aflatoxigenic (Non-tox) A. flavus isolates are deployed in corn fields as biocontrol because they substantially reduce aflatoxin contamination via direct replacement and additionally via direct contact or touch with toxigenic (Tox) isolates and secretion of inhibitory/degradative chemicals. To understand touch inhibition, HPLC analysis and RNA sequencing examined aflatoxin production and gene expression of Non-tox isolate 17 and Tox isolate 53 mono-cultures and during their interaction in co-culture. Aflatoxin production was reduced by 99.7% in 72 h co-cultures. Fewer than expected unique reads were assigned to Tox 53 during co-culture, indicating its …

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Jasmonic Acid-Induced Resistance To Fall Armyworm In Soybeans: Variation Among Genotypes And Tradeoffs With Constitutive Resistance, Srinivas K. Lanka, Bret D. Elderd, Jeffrey A. Davis, Michael J. Stout Nov 2021

Jasmonic Acid-Induced Resistance To Fall Armyworm In Soybeans: Variation Among Genotypes And Tradeoffs With Constitutive Resistance, Srinivas K. Lanka, Bret D. Elderd, Jeffrey A. Davis, Michael J. Stout

Faculty Publications

A negative correlation between constitutive and inducible resistance across plant populations is expected for a variety of reasons; however, empirical evidence for such trade-offs remain ambiguous, particularly for crop plants. The current study investigated the relationship between constitutive and inducible resistance in vegetative-stage soybeans (V5-V6) against larvae of the generalist defoliator, Spodoptera frugiperda. Eighteen soybean genotypes differing in their constitutive resistance to coleopteran or lepidopteran defoliators were used over four experiments. Exogenous jasmonic acid (JA, 2 mM) was used to induce plants. Constitutive resistance of each genotype was estimated by measuring weight gains, foliar consumption, and foliar conversion efficiency in …

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