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Spring 2019, Tom Barber

Civil War Book Review

Spring has arrived and that means another issue of the CWBR. This issue’s reviews highlight the historical experiences of ordinary Americans regarding war, freedom, and loyalty. Politics constitute the issue’s other main thread with books that examine election campaigning, sectional partisans, and political machines.

Making A Slave State: Political Development In Early South Carolina, Jeff Strickland

Civil War Book Review

Ryan A. Quintana has written an outstanding book which challenges mainstream conventions about the role of slaves in state building, in this case South Carolina, from its inception as a colony to its development as a slave state. Quintana argues “that black Carolinians produced the state in four distinct ways: through their physical labor; as the objects upon and around which government discourse revolved; as a consequence of their daily movements delivering goods, supplies, and labor, which gave meaning to the state’s planned infrastructure; and through varied social and cultural meanings that slaves imposed on the landscape, which challenged the …

The Civil War And The Transformation Of American Citizenship, W. Lewis Burke

Civil War Book Review

This collection of 11 essays on the transformation of citizenship seems especially timely as we face calls for repeal of the 14^th Amendment because of birthright citizenship and constant attacks on the status of persons because of their skin color and national origin, and increased efforts to restrict the right to vote of African Americans and other persons of color. As one of the contributors noted Frederick Douglass stated “we are still in a transition state and the future is shrouded in doubt and danger.”

Slave Law And The Politics Of Resistance In The Early Atlantic World, Alex Borucki

Civil War Book Review

Edward B. Rugemer substantially repositions the significance of the actions of the enslaved, by examining how slave rebellions (and more broadly, the behavior of enslaved people) shaped certain contours of slave law in Barbados, Jamaica, and South Carolina. He surveys how the political significance of slave resistance was reflected into the deliberation and writing of slave laws in the British Atlantic.

Colfax, Kate Grant, And The Domestication Of Reconstruction’S Violence, John David Miles

Civil War Book Review

Found in the Layssard family papers Kate Grant’s novel “From Blue to Gray, or the Battle of Colfax” offers a snapshot of a community in the first throes of representing its trauma to posterity. Within the manuscript’s hastily written pages is an example how the tools of fiction can be deployed domesticate and contextualize horror to benefit of its story’s heroes and history’s victors.

Annotations: Spring 2019, Tom Barber

Civil War Book Review

No abstract provided.

Synthesis And Investigation Of Phthalocyanine-Biotin Conjugates, M. Graca H. Vicente, Elizabeth A. Okoth, Zehua Zhou, Benson Ongarora

Faculty Publications

An isothiocyanato-functionalized phthalocyanine (Pc) was synthesized in good yield from the corresponding amine-substituted Pc. This Pc reacted with ethanolamine, biotin hydrazine, and biotin diethylamine under mild conditions (room temperature in DMF or DMSO in the presence of TEA) to produce the corresponding thiourea products in 60-75% yields. All Pcs showed intense Q absorptions in DMF around 677 nm, emissions centered at 683 nm, and fluorescence quantum yields in the range 0.18-0.27. The Pcs were phototoxic to human carcinoma HEp2 cells (IC50 similar to 7 at 1.5 J/cm(2)) and localized in multiple organelles, including the lysosomes, Golgi and ER. One biotin-Pc …

Single, White, Slaveholding Women In The Nineteenth-Century American South, Angela Boswell

Civil War Book Review

Marie S. Molloy, a lecturer at Manchester Metropolitan University in the United Kingdom, has conducted an amazing amount of research for this book, consulting 83 separate collections in six different archives, as well as another 21 published primary sources and Race, Slavery and Free Blacks: Petitions to Southern Legislatures, 1777-1867. She culled these sources for letters, diaries, journals, and court cases and petitions by or about single white women born or living in slaveholding families between 1810 and 1860. Throughout the book, Molloy uses stories, excerpts, and wonderful quotes from the women she discovered in her research, and these glimpses …

Fall 2019, Tom Barber

Civil War Book Review

No abstract provided.

Lincoln’S Spies: Their Secret War To Save A Nation, Martin P. Johnson

Civil War Book Review

Douglas Waller, a former journalist who has written several books on twentieth-century American intelligence operations, here provides a lively and informative treatment of many episodes of Civil War espionage and counter-intelligence, focusing on four Union agents and officials: Allan Pinkerton, Lafayette Baker, George Sharpe, and Elizabeth Van Lew, all active almost exclusively in Washington, Richmond, and the Eastern Theater.

Review Of The Herds Shot Round The World: Native Breeds And The British Empire, 1800—1900, By Rebecca Woods, Andrew Sluyter

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Physiology Of Crapemyrtle Bark Scale, Acanthococcus Lagerstroemiae (Kuwana), Associated With Seasonally Altered Cold Tolerance, Zinan Wang, Yan Chen, Rodrigo Diaz, Roger A. Laine

Faculty Publications

© 2018 Temperature is one of the most important abiotic factors influencing the adaptation and diversification of insects. Diverse and complex physiological mechanisms have evolved to help insects adapt to seasonal changes in temperature and prevent cold injury. Although the mechanisms of seasonal adaptation to low temperatures have been studied for insects in different taxa, none of these mechanisms have been investigated in scale insects in the superfamily Coccoidea. The crapemyrtle bark scale, Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae (Kuwana) (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae), is a newly introduced scale pest of crapemyrtles, Lagerstroemia spp. (Myrtales: Lythraceae). Our previous study concerning the cold tolerance of this pest …

Thermal Tolerance And Prediction Of Northern Distribution Of The Crapemyrtle Bark Scale (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae), Zinan Wang, Yan Chen, Rodrigo Diaz

Faculty Publications

© 2019 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. Physiological limits of non-native species to environmental factors are critical for their establishment and spread in the adventive range. The crapemyrtle bark scale, Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae (Kuwana), is a major pest of crapemyrtles. Despite concerns on its rapid spread, there is a lack of information on potential distribution range of this scale in the United States. To understand this scale's distribution potential, its thermal tolerance was evaluated using higher and lower thermal limits. Exposure time leading to 50 and 90% mortality (Lt50 …

The Political Thought Of The Civil War, Michael Berheide

Civil War Book Review

There are fourteen essays in this volume, many of them based on lectures given at the Political Theory Institute at American University a few years ago. Each is a self-contained, extended piece of analysis of some relevant aspect of the Civil War. Reviewing each essay would make this piece far too long, and the editors’ “Introduction” does a fine job of that, anyhow. I will instead treat the whole as an example of doing “political theory” at a truly excellent level.

Maryland, My Maryland: Music And Patriotism During The American Civil War, Catherine Bateson

Civil War Book Review

The Cary sisters Jennie and Hetty, and their cousin Constance, were so popular within their social and Confederate circles in Maryland and Virginia that they were “granted honorary ranks in the army” in the early years of the American Civil War (75). It was an impressive accolade for the relatives responsible for the initial success of the Confederate anthem Maryland, My Maryland. Jennie and Hetty set the song’s words to the familiar tune of O Tannenbaum (O Christmas Tree), while Constance aided the promotion and performance of the ballad alongside them. The story of their military promotions …

Appealing For Liberty: Freedom Suits In The South, David H. Connolly Jr.

Civil War Book Review

As director of the Race and Slavery Petitions Project as the University of North Carolina-Greensboro, historian Loren Schweninger has for years mined legal records in exploring American slavery. His Appealing for Liberty is a successful effort to fill in gaps in that history and the African-American experience in the southern judicial system by examining over 2000 freedom suits filed by slaves in the southern courts from the colonial through the antebellum periods. The suits reveal both the tenacity of enslaved people using the courts to escaping bondage notwithstanding expected bias, lop-sided laws favoring masters, as well as the ever-present sense …

A Confederate Biography: The Cruise Of The Css Shenandoah, Trevor Cox

Civil War Book Review

In A Confederate Biography Dwight Sturtevant Hughes chronicles the journey of the cruiser CSS Shenandoah: both geographically as it traversed every one of the earth’s oceans except the Antarctic, but also emotionally; through the personal, political, and ideological experience of the men who served on her. Hughes quotes the famed captain of the CSS Alabama Raphael Semmes on page 1 that “The cruise of a ship is a biography. The ship becomes a personification”, the author himself stating that a ship can be “a central character in a life story through which we view more clearly our ancestors, their …

Industrial Development And Manufacturing In The Antebellum Gulf South: A Reevaluation, Charles B. Dew

Civil War Book Review

Michael S. Frawley is asking us to do some fresh thinking about the late antebellum economy of the Gulf South. His focus is on three states, Alabama, Mississippi, and Texas, that formed the heart of the Old South’s Cotton Kingdom. His claim is that both contemporary observers (think principally Frederick Law Olmstead) and modern historians (think principally Fred Bateman and Thomas J. Weiss) have seriously underestimated the importance of manufacturing in this trio of slave states.

To prove his point, he has plowed through an astonishing array of sources, beginning with the manuscript 1860 United States Census of Manufacturing. He …

Oliver P. Morton And The Politics Of The Civil War And Reconstruction, John Patrick Daly

Civil War Book Review

Oliver P. Morton and the Politics of the Civil War and Reconstruction is an outstanding biography of a vital subject. Morton deserves the greater attention James Fuller gives him. Morton‘s career as Indiana’s Republican governor has always merited attention, but Fuller goes a step past this to show that his even longer career as a senator during Reconstruction was equally important. Civil War historians know Morton primarily as the wartime governor of Indiana (1861-1867). Famously, Morton did not call the state legislature into session when Democrats took control of it. Morton feared the Democrat’s Copperhead tendencies and tepid support for …

Aberration Of Mind: Suicide And Suffering In The Civil War-Era South, David F. Godshalk

Civil War Book Review

Inspired by a recent “dark turn” in Civil War historiography, Diane Miller Sommerville’s Aberration of Mind: Suicide and Suffering in the Civil War-Era South offers a compelling and impressive history of the destructiveness of the Civil War on the bodies, psyches, finances, and lives of southern whites and African Americans. According to Sommerville’s estimate, more than 300,000 Confederate soldiers died during the war and close to 200,000 more returned home with severe physical and emotional scars. By war’s end, the wealth of Southerners had largely vanished and the region’s economy lay in tatters. Southern whites confronted hunger, the loss and …

Transboundary Extraction Of Groundwater In The Presence Of Hydraulic Fracturing, Biswo N. Poudel, Krishna P. Paudel

Faculty Publications

© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. We studied transboundary groundwater management problems in the presence of hydraulic fracturing. We found that the presence of risk suggests there should be caution when considering hydraulic fracturing. Our results from the cooperative solution show a decrease in hydraulic fracturing and increase in the steady state survival rate of groundwater. We also provide a Pigouvian type tax that could be imposed on natural gas developers.

Introduction To The Special Issue On “Economic Modeling Of Natural Resources For Sustainable Development”, Krishna P. Paudel

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Multidimensional Poverty Of The Ethnic Tibetan Farm And Herder Households In Gansu Province, China, Fan Yang, Krishna Paudel, Tianhui Zhuang, Yao Jiang

Faculty Publications

© 2019, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. All rights reserved. Ethnic Tibetan farm and herder households (FHH) in Gansu Province, China are stricken with poverty. Solving the poverty problem in this or other poverty pockets across China has special importance for the country’s political stability, ethnic unity, social well-being, and ecological security. This paper calculates the multidimensional poverty situation of ethnic Tibetan farm and herder households of Gansu Province, China by using the Alkire-Foster method. Twelve indicators are included in the multidimensional poverty indicator system. Results showed that 1) in the single indicator measure, the adult family members received at …

Mitofusin 2 Plays A Role In Oocyte And Follicle Development, And Is Required To Maintain Ovarian Follicular Reserve During Reproductive Aging, Man Zhang, Muhammed Burak Bener, Zongliang Jiang, Tianren Wang, Ecem Esencan, Richard Scott, Tamas Horvath, Emre Seli

Faculty Publications

© Zhang et al. Mitochondria change their shape through fusion and fission in order to adapt to their metabolic milieu. Mitofusin-2 (MFN2) is a key regulatory protein in this process, mediating mitochondrial fusion and interaction with endoplasmic reticulum. Targeted deletion of Mfn2 in oocytes resulted in mitochondrial dysfunction and female subfertility associated with impaired oocyte maturation and follicle development. Oocytes lacking MFN2 showed shortened telomeres and increased apoptosis, resulting in compromised oocyte quality and accelerated follicular depletion, consistent with a reproductive aging phenotype.

Dosage Compensation Of The X Chromosomes In Bovine Germline, Early Embryos, And Somatic Tissues, Jingyue Duan, Wei Shi, Nathaniel K. Jue, Zongliang Jiang, Lynn Kuo, Rachel O’Neill, Eckhard Wolf, Hong Dong, Xinbao Zheng, Jingbo Chen, Xiuchun Tian

Faculty Publications

© The Author(s) 2018. Dosage compensation of the mammalian X chromosome (X) was proposed by Susumu Ohno as a mechanism wherein the inactivation of one X in females would lead to doubling the expression of the other. This would resolve the dosage imbalance between eutherian females (XX) versus male (XY) and between a single active X versus autosome pairs (A). Expression ratio of X- and A-linked genes has been relatively well studied in humans and mice, despite controversial results over the existence of upregulation of X-linked genes. Here we report the first comprehensive test of Ohno’s hypothesis in bovine preattachment …

Methylome Dynamics Of Bovine Gametes And In Vivo Early Embryos, Jingyue Ellie Duan, Zongliang Carl Jiang, Fahad Alqahtani, Ion Mandoiu, Hong Dong, Xinbao Zheng, Sadie L. Marjani, Jingbo Chen, Xiuchun Cindy Tian

Faculty Publications

Copyright © 2019 Duan, Jiang, Alqahtani, Mandoiu, Dong, Zheng, Marjani, Chen and Tian. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. DNA methylation undergoes drastic fluctuation during early mammalian embryogenesis. The dynamics of global DNA methylation in bovine embryos, however, have …

Dosage Compensation And Gene Expression Of The X Chromosome In Sheep, Jingyue Duan, Kaleigh Flock, Nathanial Jue, Mingyuan Zhang, Amanda Jones, Sahar Al Seesi, Ion Mandoiu, Sambhu Pillai, Maria Hoffman, Rachel O'Neill, Steven Zinn, Kristen Govoni, Sarah Reed, Hesheng Jiang, Zongliang Jiang, Xiuchun Tian

Faculty Publications

© 2019 by the Genetics Society of America. Ohno's hypothesis predicts that the expression of the single X chromosome in males needs compensatory upregulation to balance its dosage with that of the diploid autosomes. Additionally, X chromosome inactivation ensures that quadruple expression of the two X chromosomes is avoided in females. These mechanisms have been actively studied in mice and humans but lag behind in domestic species. Using RNA sequencing data, we analyzed the X chromosome upregulation in sheep fetal tissues from day 135 of gestation under control, over or restricted maternal diets (100%, 140% and 60% of National Research …

A Highly Contiguous Reference Genome For Northern Bobwhite (Colinus Virginianus), Jessie F. Salter, Oscar Johnson, Norman J. Stafford, William F. Herrin, Darren Schilling, Cody Cedotal, Robb T. Brumfield, Brant C. Faircloth

Faculty Publications

Copyright © 2019 Salter et al. Northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) are small quails in the New World Quail family (Odontophoridae) and are one of the most phenotypically diverse avian species. Despite extensive research on bobwhite ecology, genomic studies investigating the evolution of phenotypic diversity in this species are lacking. Here, we present a new, highly contiguous assembly for bobwhites using tissue samples from a vouchered, wild, female bird collected in Louisiana. By performing a de novo assembly and scaffolding the assembly with Dovetail Chicago and HiC libraries and the HiRise pipeline, we produced an 866.8 Mb assembly including 1,512 scaffolds …

The Development Of A High-Throughput Screening Assay For Acetyl-Coa Carboxylase Using 1,3,6,8-Tetrahydroxynapthalene Synthase, Sarah Elayne Cohen

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Quantum Channel Capacities Per Unit Cost, Dawei Ding, Dmitri S. Pavlichin, Mark M. Wilde

Faculty Publications

Communication over a noisy channel is often conducted in a setting in which different input symbols to the channel incur a certain cost. For example, for bosonic quantum channels, the cost associated with an input state is the number of photons, which is proportional to the energy consumed. In such a setting, it is often useful to know the maximum amount of information that can be reliably transmitted per cost incurred. This is known as the capacity per unit cost. In this paper, we generalize the capacity per unit cost to various communication tasks involving a quantum channel, such as …