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Differential Alu Mobilization And Polymorphism Among The Human And Chimpanzee Lineages, Dale J. Hedges, Pauline A. Callinan, Richard Cordaux, Jinchuan Xing, Erin Barnes, Mark A. Batzer Jun 2004

Differential Alu Mobilization And Polymorphism Among The Human And Chimpanzee Lineages, Dale J. Hedges, Pauline A. Callinan, Richard Cordaux, Jinchuan Xing, Erin Barnes, Mark A. Batzer

Faculty Publications

Alu elements are primate-specific members of the SINE (short interspersed element) retroposon family, which comprise ∼10% of the human genome. Here we report the first chromosomal-level comparison examining the Alu retroposition dynamics following the divergence of humans and chimpanzees. We find a twofold increase in Alu insertions in humans in comparison to the common chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). The genomic diversity (polymorphism for presence or absence of the Alu insertion) associated with these inserts indicates that, analogous to recent nucleotide diversity studies, the level of chimpanzee Alu diversity is ∼1.7 times higher than that of humans. Evolutionarily recent Alu subfamily structure …

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Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Polymorphisms, Ace Level And Blood Pressure Among Nigerians, Jamaicans And African-Americans, Nourdine Bouzekri, Xiaofeng Zhu, Yanming Jiang, Colin A. Mckenzie, Amy Luke, Terrence Forrester, Adebowale Adeyemo, Donghui Kan, Martin Farrall, Simon Anderson, Richard S. Cooper, Ryk Ward Jun 2004

Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Polymorphisms, Ace Level And Blood Pressure Among Nigerians, Jamaicans And African-Americans, Nourdine Bouzekri, Xiaofeng Zhu, Yanming Jiang, Colin A. Mckenzie, Amy Luke, Terrence Forrester, Adebowale Adeyemo, Donghui Kan, Martin Farrall, Simon Anderson, Richard S. Cooper, Ryk Ward

Faculty Publications

The genes in the renin-angiotensin system are important physiologic candidates in studies of the genetic susceptibility to hypertension. Limited information has been available in most studies on the extent of variation in the candidate loci or the modifying effects of different environmental settings. We consequently genotyped 13 polymorphisms at the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) locus at an average distance of 2 kb in 2776 family members from Nigeria, Jamaica and an African-American community in the US. Allele and haplotype frequencies were similar in the three populations, with modest evidence of European admixture in the US. Two markers were consistently associated …

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Identification Of A New Chloroplast Carbonic Anhydrase In Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, Mautusi Mitra, Scott M. Lato, Ruby A. Ynalvez, Ying Xiao, James V. Moroney May 2004

Identification Of A New Chloroplast Carbonic Anhydrase In Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, Mautusi Mitra, Scott M. Lato, Ruby A. Ynalvez, Ying Xiao, James V. Moroney

Faculty Publications

Carbonic anhydrases (CA) are zinc-containing metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of CO2. The three evolutionarily unrelated families of CAs are designated α-, β-, and γ-CA. Aquatic photosynthetic organisms have evolved different forms of CO2 concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) to aid Rubisco in capturing CO2 from the surrounding environment. One aspect of all CCMs is the critical roles played by various specially localized extracellular and intracellular CAs. Five CAs have previously been identified in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a green alga with a well-studied CCM. Here we identify a sixth gene encoding a β-type CA. This new β-CA, designated Cah6, is distinct from …

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Structure Of Fosfomycin Resistance Protein Fosa From Transposon Tn2921, Svetlana Pakhomova, Chris L. Rife, Richard N. Armstrong, Marcia E. Newcomer May 2004

Structure Of Fosfomycin Resistance Protein Fosa From Transposon Tn2921, Svetlana Pakhomova, Chris L. Rife, Richard N. Armstrong, Marcia E. Newcomer

Faculty Publications

The crystal structure of fosfomycin resistance protein FosA from transposon Tn2921 has been established at a resolution of 2.5 Å. The protein crystallized without bound Mn(II) and K+, ions crucial for efficient catalysis, providing a structure of the apo enzyme. The protein maintains the three-dimensional domain-swapped arrangement of the paired βαβββ-motifs observed in the genomically encoded homologous enzyme from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA1129). The basic architecture of the active site is also maintained, despite the absence of the catalytically essential Mn(II). However, the absence of K+, which has been shown to enhance enzymatic activity, appears to contribute to conformational heterogeneity in …

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Properties And Performance Of The Prototype Instrument For The Pierre Auger Observatory, J. Abraham, M. Aglietta, I. C. Aguirre, M. Albrow, D. Allard, I. Allekotte, P. Allison, J. Alvarez Muñiz, M. G. Do Amaral, M. Ambrosio, L. Anchordoqui, R. Andrews, M. Anguiano, J. C. Dos Anjos, C. Aramo, S. Argiro, K. Arisaka, J. C. Arteaga, S. Atulugama, M. Ave, G. Avila, R. Baggio, X. Bai, A. F. Barbosa, H. M.J. Barbosa, D. Barnhill, S. L.C. Barroso, P. Bauleo, J. Beatty, T. Beau, K. H. Becker, J. A. Bellido, P. Bello May 2004

Properties And Performance Of The Prototype Instrument For The Pierre Auger Observatory, J. Abraham, M. Aglietta, I. C. Aguirre, M. Albrow, D. Allard, I. Allekotte, P. Allison, J. Alvarez Muñiz, M. G. Do Amaral, M. Ambrosio, L. Anchordoqui, R. Andrews, M. Anguiano, J. C. Dos Anjos, C. Aramo, S. Argiro, K. Arisaka, J. C. Arteaga, S. Atulugama, M. Ave, G. Avila, R. Baggio, X. Bai, A. F. Barbosa, H. M.J. Barbosa, D. Barnhill, S. L.C. Barroso, P. Bauleo, J. Beatty, T. Beau, K. H. Becker, J. A. Bellido, P. Bello

Faculty Publications

Construction of the first stage of the Pierre Auger Observatory has begun. The aim of the Observatory is to collect unprecedented information about cosmic rays above 1018 eV. The first phase of the project, the construction and operation of a prototype system, known as the engineering array, has now been completed. It has allowed all of the sub-systems that will be used in the full instrument to be tested under field conditions. In this paper, the properties and performance of these sub-systems are described and their success illustrated with descriptions of some of the events recorded thus far. © 2003 …

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Isolation And Characterization Of T-Dna Insertional Mutations In Arabidopsis Thaliana And Its Use In Determining Siamese, Taylor S. Gwin May 2004

Isolation And Characterization Of T-Dna Insertional Mutations In Arabidopsis Thaliana And Its Use In Determining Siamese, Taylor S. Gwin

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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The Effects Of Resistant Starch And Fructooligosaccharides On Mineral Absorption In Rats, Katherine Ann Nolen Apr 2004

The Effects Of Resistant Starch And Fructooligosaccharides On Mineral Absorption In Rats, Katherine Ann Nolen

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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Characterization Of Iron Binding In Isca, An Ancient Iron-Sulphur Cluster Assembly Protein, Huangen Ding, Robert J. Clark Apr 2004

Characterization Of Iron Binding In Isca, An Ancient Iron-Sulphur Cluster Assembly Protein, Huangen Ding, Robert J. Clark

Faculty Publications

Iron-sulphur clusters are one of the most common types of redox centre in biology. At least six proteins (IscS, IscU, IscA, HscB, HscA and ferredoxin) have been identified as being essential for the biogenesis of iron-sulphur proteins in bacteria. It has been shown that IscS is a cysteine desulphurase that provides sulphur for iron-sulphur clusters, and that IscU is a scaffold for the IscS-mediated assembly of iron-sulphur clusters. The iron donor for iron-sulphur clusters, however, remains elusive. Here we show that IscA is an iron binding protein with an apparent iron association constant of 3.0 × 1019 M-1, and that …

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Coastal Wetland Subsidence Arising From Local Hydrologic Manipulations, R. Eugene Turner Apr 2004

Coastal Wetland Subsidence Arising From Local Hydrologic Manipulations, R. Eugene Turner

Faculty Publications

Twenty-three estimates of soil subsidence rates arising under the influence of local hydrologic changes from flap-gates, weirs, dikes, and culverts in tidal wetlands were compared to 75 examples of subsidence in drained agricultural wetlands. The induced subsidence rates from these hydrologic modifications in tidal wetlands can continue for more than 100 years, and range between 1.67 to 0.10 cm yr−1 within 1 to 155 years after the hydrologic modifications commence. These subsidence rates are lower than in freshwater wetlands drained for agricultural purposes, decline with age, and are significant in comparison to the rates of global sea level rise or …

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Conserving Slow-Growing, Long-Lived Tree Species: Input From The Demography Of A Rare Understory Conifer, Taxus Floridana, Charles Kwit, Carol C. Horvitz, William J. Platt Apr 2004

Conserving Slow-Growing, Long-Lived Tree Species: Input From The Demography Of A Rare Understory Conifer, Taxus Floridana, Charles Kwit, Carol C. Horvitz, William J. Platt

Faculty Publications

Although land preservation and promotion of successful regeneration are important conservation actions, their ability to increase population growth rates of slow-growing, long-lived trees is limited. We investigated the demography of Taxus floridana Nutt., a rare understory conifer, in three populations in different ravine forests spanning its entire geographic range along the Apalachicola River Bluffs in northern Florida (U.S.A.). We examined spatial and temporal patterns in demographic parameters and projected population growth rates by using four years of data on the recruitment and survival of seedlings and established stems, and on diameter growth from cross-sections of dead stems. All populations experienced …

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Brain Metastases In Melanoma: Roles Of Neurotrophins, Yvonne Denkins, Jane Reiland, Madhuchhanda Roy, Neeta Sinnappah-Kang, Jennifer Galjour, Brian P. Murry, Jason Blust, Rebecca Aucoin, Dario Marchetti Apr 2004

Brain Metastases In Melanoma: Roles Of Neurotrophins, Yvonne Denkins, Jane Reiland, Madhuchhanda Roy, Neeta Sinnappah-Kang, Jennifer Galjour, Brian P. Murry, Jason Blust, Rebecca Aucoin, Dario Marchetti

Faculty Publications

Brain metastasis, which occurs in 20% to 40% of all cancer patients, is an important cause of neoplastic morbidity and mortality. Successful invasion into the brain by tumor cells must include attachment to microvessel endothelial cells, penetration through the blood-brain barrier, and, of relevance, a response to brain survival and growth factors. Neurotrophins (NTs) are important in brain-invasive steps. Human melanoma cell lines express low-affinity NT receptor p75NTR in relation to their brain-metastatic propensity with their invasive properties being regulated by NGF, or nerve growth factor, the prototypic NT. They also express functional TrkC, the putative receptor for the invasion-promoting …

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Conformational Subspace In Simulation Of Early-Stage Protein Folding, Wiktor Jurkowski, Michał Brylinski, Leszek Konieczny, Zdzisław Wiíniowski, Irena Roterman Apr 2004

Conformational Subspace In Simulation Of Early-Stage Protein Folding, Wiktor Jurkowski, Michał Brylinski, Leszek Konieczny, Zdzisław Wiíniowski, Irena Roterman

Faculty Publications

A probability calculus was used to simulate the early stages of protein folding in ab initio structure prediction. The probabilities of particular φ and ψ angles for each of 20 amino acids as they occur in crystal forms of proteins were used to calculate the amount of information necessary for the occurrence of given φ and ψ angles to be predicted. It was found that the amount of information needed to predict φ and ψ angles with 5° precision is much higher than the amount of information actually carried by individual amino acids in the polypeptide chain. To handle this …

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Louisiana Agriculture Spring, 2004, Lsu Agcenter Apr 2004

Louisiana Agriculture Spring, 2004, Lsu Agcenter

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

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Analysis Of Facultative Lithotroph Distribution And Diversity On Volcanic Deposits By Use Of The Large Subunit Of Ribulose 1,5-Bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase, K. Nanba, G. M. King, K. Dunfield Apr 2004

Analysis Of Facultative Lithotroph Distribution And Diversity On Volcanic Deposits By Use Of The Large Subunit Of Ribulose 1,5-Bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase, K. Nanba, G. M. King, K. Dunfield

Faculty Publications

A 492- to 495-bp fragment of the gene coding for the large subunit of the form I ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO) (rbcL) was amplified by PCR from facultatively lithotrophic aerobic CO-oxidizing bacteria, colorless and purple sulfide-oxidizing microbial mats, and genomic DNA extracts from tephra and ash deposits from Kilauea volcano, for which atmospheric CO and hydrogen have been previously documented as important substrates. PCR products from the mats and volcanic sites were used to construct rbcL clone libraries. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the rbcL sequences from all isolates clustered with form IC rbcL sequences derived from facultative lithotrophs. In contrast, …

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Locking The Β3 Integrin I-Like Domain Into High And Low Affinity Conformations With Disulfides, Bing Hao Luo, Junichi Takagi, Timothy A. Springer Mar 2004

Locking The Β3 Integrin I-Like Domain Into High And Low Affinity Conformations With Disulfides, Bing Hao Luo, Junichi Takagi, Timothy A. Springer

Faculty Publications

Although integrin α subunit I domains exist in multiple conformations, it is controversial whether integrin β subunit I-like domains undergo structurally analogous movements of the α7-helix that are linked to affinity for ligand. Disulfide bonds were introduced into the β3 integrin I-like domain to lock its β6-α7 loop and α7-helix in two distinct conformations. Soluble ligand binding, ligand mimetic mAb binding and cell adhesion studies showed that disulfide-bonded receptor αIIbβ3T329C/A347C was locked in a low affinity state, and dithiothreitol treatment restored the capability of being activated to high affinity binding; by contrast, disulfide-bonded αIIbβ3V332C/M335C was locked in a high affinity …

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Extreme Free Energy Stabilization Of Taq Dna Polymerase, Allyn J. Schoeffler, Allison M. Joubert, Fenggang Peng, Farheen Khan, Chin Chi Liu, Vince J. Licata Mar 2004

Extreme Free Energy Stabilization Of Taq Dna Polymerase, Allyn J. Schoeffler, Allison M. Joubert, Fenggang Peng, Farheen Khan, Chin Chi Liu, Vince J. Licata

Faculty Publications

We have examined the chemical denaturations of the Klentaq and Klenow large-fragment domains of the Type 1 DNA polymerases from Thermus aquaticus (Klentaq) and Escherichia coli (Klenow) under identical solution conditions in order to directly compare the stabilization energetics of the two proteins. The high temperature stability of Taq DNA polymerase is common knowledge, and is the basis of its use in the polymerase chain reaction. This study, however, is aimed at understanding the thermodynamic basis for this high-temperature stability. Chemical denaturations with guanidine hydrochloride report a folding free energy (ΔG) for Klentaq that is over 20 kcal/mol more favorable …

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Nmr Difference Spectroscopy With A Dual Saddle-Coil Difference Probe, Megan A. Macnaughtan, Aaron P. Smith, Peter B. Goldsbrough, Robert E. Santini, Daniel Raftery Mar 2004

Nmr Difference Spectroscopy With A Dual Saddle-Coil Difference Probe, Megan A. Macnaughtan, Aaron P. Smith, Peter B. Goldsbrough, Robert E. Santini, Daniel Raftery

Faculty Publications

A new difference probe for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is presented. The difference probe uses two saddle-shaped coils to excite and detect two samples simultaneously. The samples are held in a specially modified 3-mm NMR tube with an Ultem plastic disk to separate the samples. The probe's resonant circuit contains two crossed diodes that passively switch the relative phase of each coil during the NMR experiment. The result is a difference spectrum from the two samples. The degree of cancellation of common signals was determined to be approximately 90%, and the application of the probe to relaxation-edited difference spectroscopy …

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Heparanase Degrades Syndecan-1 And Perlecan Heparan Sulfate: Functional Implications For Tumor Cell Invasion, Jane Reiland, Ralph D. Sanderson, Marian Waguespack, Steven A. Barker, Robert Long, Daniel D. Carson, Dario Marchetti Feb 2004

Heparanase Degrades Syndecan-1 And Perlecan Heparan Sulfate: Functional Implications For Tumor Cell Invasion, Jane Reiland, Ralph D. Sanderson, Marian Waguespack, Steven A. Barker, Robert Long, Daniel D. Carson, Dario Marchetti

Faculty Publications

Heparanase (HPSE-1) is involved in the degradation of both cell-surface and extracellular matrix (ECM) heparan sulfate (HS) in normal and neoplastic tissues. Degradation of heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) in mammalian cells is dependent upon the enzymatic activity of HPSE-1, an endo-β -D-glucuronidase, which cleaves HS using a specific endoglycosidic hydrolysis rather than an eliminase type of action. Elevated HPSE-1 levels are associated with metastatic cancers, directly implicating HPSE-1 in tumor progression. The mechanism of HPSE-1 action to promote tumor progression may involve multiple substrates because HS is present on both cell-surface and ECM proteoglycans. However, the specific targets of HPSE-1 …

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Interferon Antagonist Proteins Of Influenza And Vaccinia Viruses Are Suppressors Of Rna Silencing, Wan Xiang Li, Hongwei Li, Rui Lu, Feng Li, Monica Dus, Peter Atkinson, Edward W.A. Brydon, Kyle L. Johnson, Adolfo García-Sastre, L. Andrew Ball, Peter Palese, Shou Wei Ding Feb 2004

Interferon Antagonist Proteins Of Influenza And Vaccinia Viruses Are Suppressors Of Rna Silencing, Wan Xiang Li, Hongwei Li, Rui Lu, Feng Li, Monica Dus, Peter Atkinson, Edward W.A. Brydon, Kyle L. Johnson, Adolfo García-Sastre, L. Andrew Ball, Peter Palese, Shou Wei Ding

Faculty Publications

Homology-dependent RNA silencing occurs in many eukaryotic cells. We reported recently that nodaviral infection triggers an RNA silencing-based antiviral response (RSAR) in Drosophila, which is capable of a rapid virus clearance in the absence of expression of a virus-encoded suppressor. Here, we present further evidence to show that the Drosophila RSAR is mediated by the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway, as the viral suppressor of RSAR inhibits experimental RNAi initiated by exogenous double-stranded RNA and RSAR requires the RNAi machinery. We demonstrate that RNAi also functions as a natural antiviral immunity in mosquito cells. We further show that vaccinia virus and …

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Resolution Of Mixed Human Dna Samples Using Mitochondrial Dna Sequence Variants, Jerilyn A. Walker, Randall K. Garber, Dale J. Hedges, Gail E. Kilroy, Jinchuan Xing, Mark A. Batzer Feb 2004

Resolution Of Mixed Human Dna Samples Using Mitochondrial Dna Sequence Variants, Jerilyn A. Walker, Randall K. Garber, Dale J. Hedges, Gail E. Kilroy, Jinchuan Xing, Mark A. Batzer

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Four Novel Genes Required For Optimal Photoautotrophic Growth Of The Cyanobacterium Synechocystis Sp. Strain Pcc 6803 Identified By In Vitro Transposon Mutagenesis, Shulu Zhang, Susan M. Laborde, Laurie K. Frankel, Terry M. Bricker Feb 2004

Four Novel Genes Required For Optimal Photoautotrophic Growth Of The Cyanobacterium Synechocystis Sp. Strain Pcc 6803 Identified By In Vitro Transposon Mutagenesis, Shulu Zhang, Susan M. Laborde, Laurie K. Frankel, Terry M. Bricker

Faculty Publications

Four novel Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 genes (sll1495, sll0804, slr11306, and slr1125) which encode hypothetical proteins were determined by transposon mutagenesis to be required for optimal photoautotrophic growth. Mutations were also recovered in ccmK4, a carboxysome coat protein homologue, and me, the decarboxylating NADP+-dependent malic enzyme. This is the first report that these known genes are required for optimal photoautotrophy.

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Studies Of The Role Of The Drosophila Scs And Scs′ Insulators In Defining Boundaries Of A Chromosome Puff, Emily J. Kuhn, Craig M. Hart, Pamela K. Geyer Feb 2004

Studies Of The Role Of The Drosophila Scs And Scs′ Insulators In Defining Boundaries Of A Chromosome Puff, Emily J. Kuhn, Craig M. Hart, Pamela K. Geyer

Faculty Publications

Insulators are DNA elements that establish independent transcriptional domains within eukaryotic genomes. The Drosophila scs and scs′ insulators localize near the borders of a structural domain in the polytene chromosomes, known as a puff, produced by transcription of the 87A heat shock protein (hsp) genes. It has been suggested that scs and scs′ are boundary elements that delimit this decondensed chromatin domain, reflecting the mechanism by which these sequences act to constrain regulatory interactions. This model was tested using transposons that carried a yellow gene to assess enhancer blocking and an hsp70-lacZ gene to examine the structure of a heat …

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Seawater Acclimation Causes Independent Alterations In Na +/Tk+- And H+-Atpase Activity In Isolated Mitochondria-Rich Cell Subtypes Of The Rainbow Trout Gill, Guy S. Hawkings, Fernando Galvez, Greg G. Goss Feb 2004

Seawater Acclimation Causes Independent Alterations In Na +/Tk+- And H+-Atpase Activity In Isolated Mitochondria-Rich Cell Subtypes Of The Rainbow Trout Gill, Guy S. Hawkings, Fernando Galvez, Greg G. Goss

Faculty Publications

Mitochondria-rich cells (MR cells) of the gills of rainbow trout undergo changes in relative distribution and biochemical function during acclimation to partial-strength (10‰) and full-strength (30‰) seawater. In isolated total gill cells, Na+/K+-ATPase activity increased fivefold and H+-ATPase activity decreased fourfold when trout were acclimated to either 10‰ or 30‰ seawater. When total MR gill cells were separated based on differential binding to peanut lectin agglutinin (PNA), the PNA subtypes underwent a change in relative distribution in seawater-acclimated fish. In freshwater, the ratio of PNA-: PNA+ was 65:35 while in seawater the distribution changed to 20:80 PNA-:PNA+. Additionally, differential changes …

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Limited Conformational Space For Early-Stage Protein Folding Simulation, M. Bryliński, W. Jurkowski, L. Konieczny, I. Roterman Jan 2004

Limited Conformational Space For Early-Stage Protein Folding Simulation, M. Bryliński, W. Jurkowski, L. Konieczny, I. Roterman

Faculty Publications

Motivation: The problem of early-stage protein folding is critical for protein structure prediction. The model presented introduces a common definition of protein structures which may be treated as the possible in silico early-stage form of the polypeptide chain. Limitation of the conformational space to the ellipse path on the Ramachandran map was tested as a possible sub-space to represent the early-stage structure for simulation of protein folding. The proposed conformational sub-space was developed on the basis of the backbone conformation, with side-chain interactions excluded. Results: The ellipse-path-limited conformation of BPTI was created using the criterion of shortest distance between Phi, …

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Visual Detection Of Cysteine And Homocysteine, Oleksandr Rusin, Nadia N. St. Luce, Rezik A. Agbaria, Jorge O. Escobedo, Shan Jiang, Isiah M. Warner, Fareed B. Dawan, Kun Lian, Robert M. Strongin Jan 2004

Visual Detection Of Cysteine And Homocysteine, Oleksandr Rusin, Nadia N. St. Luce, Rezik A. Agbaria, Jorge O. Escobedo, Shan Jiang, Isiah M. Warner, Fareed B. Dawan, Kun Lian, Robert M. Strongin

Faculty Publications

The determination of cysteine and homocysteine levels is of great current interest for the monitoring of desease states. A new colorimetric method for the simultaneous detection of L-cysteine and L-homocysteine has been developed. A fluorescein derivative reacts with the above amino acids, producing their respective thiazolidines resulting in color changes. Interference from other amino acids and proteins is minimal. Copyright © 2004 American Chemical Society.

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Crystal Structure Of The Ancient, Fe-S Scaffold Isca Reveals A Novel Protein Fold, Patrick W. Bilder, Huangen Ding, Marcia E. Newcomer Jan 2004

Crystal Structure Of The Ancient, Fe-S Scaffold Isca Reveals A Novel Protein Fold, Patrick W. Bilder, Huangen Ding, Marcia E. Newcomer

Faculty Publications

IscA belongs to an ancient family of proteins responsible for iron-sulfur cluster assembly in essential metabolic pathways preserved throughout evolution. We report here the 2.3 Å resolution crystal structure of Escherichia coli IscA, a novel fold in which mixed β-sheets form a compact α-β sandwich domain. In contrast to the highly mobile secondary structural elements within the bacterial Fe-S scaffold protein IscU, a protein which is thought to have a similar function, the great majority of the amino acids that are conserved in IscA homologues are located in elements that constitute a well-ordered fold. However, the 10-residue C-terminal tail segment …

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Inorganic Nitrogen Transformations At High Loading Rates In An Oligohaline Estuary, R. Eugene Turner, Q. Dortch, Nancy N. Rabalais Jan 2004

Inorganic Nitrogen Transformations At High Loading Rates In An Oligohaline Estuary, R. Eugene Turner, Q. Dortch, Nancy N. Rabalais

Faculty Publications

A well-defined nitrogen retention and turnover budget was estimated for a shallow oligohaline lake (Lake Pontchartrain, Louisiana, USA). In 1997 a month-long diversion of the Mississippi River filled the Lake with highly concentrated river water (80 µM nitrate) and lowered the salinity to 0 psu within 2 weeks. After the spillway was closed the Lake mixed with estuarine tidal waters and came to equilibrium over 4 months with the riverine, atmospheric and offshore water nitrogen sources. A flushing rate of 1.78% d−1 was estimated by analyzing a plot of ln salinity versus time for the first 120 days after the …

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Below-Ground Biomass In Healthy And Impaired Salt Marshes, R. Eugene Turner, Erick M. Swenson, Charles S. Milan, James M. Lee, Thomas A. Oswald Jan 2004

Below-Ground Biomass In Healthy And Impaired Salt Marshes, R. Eugene Turner, Erick M. Swenson, Charles S. Milan, James M. Lee, Thomas A. Oswald

Faculty Publications

Twelve salt marshes in south Louisiana (USA) were classified as either ‘impaired’ or ‘healthy’ before a summer sample collection of above- and below-ground biomass and determination of sediment accretion rates. The above-ground biomass of plant tissues was the same at both impaired and healthy salt marshes and was not a good predictor of marsh health. However, below-ground root biomass in the upper 30 cm was much lower in the impaired marshes compared to the healthy marshes. Compromises to root production apparently occur before there is an obvious consequence to the above-ground biomass, which may quickly collapse before remedial action can …

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Gumbo Yearbook, Class Of 2004, Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College Jan 2004

Gumbo Yearbook, Class Of 2004, Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College

Gumbo Yearbook

The Gumbo yearbook chronicles the entire academic year at LSU. In words and especially photos, the Gumbo shows the people, places, and events that make each year unique. In addition to formal portraits of schools and departments, the book contains hundreds of snapshots of students with their friends and dozens of pages showcasing organizations.

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A Genetic Study Of Resistance To Kernel Infection By Aspergillus Flavus In Maize (Zea Mays L.), Ruming Li Jan 2004

A Genetic Study Of Resistance To Kernel Infection By Aspergillus Flavus In Maize (Zea Mays L.), Ruming Li

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Maize (Zea mays L.) kernel infection by Aspergillus flavus is a chronic problem in the southern USA. Genetic resistance to A. flavus is needed to solve this problem. To ascertain and understand the inheritance of resistance to field kernel infection by A. flavus, a five-parent diallel analysis and a half-sib family analysis of 35 maize crosses were conducted during 2003 and 2004 for percent kernel infection (PKI) rates. All parents contained the leafy gene (Lfy). From the combining ability analysis of the five maize parents and their 20 F1s, highly significant general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA), and …

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