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The Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Orf34 Protein Binds To Hif-1Α And Causes Its Degradation Via The Proteasome Pathway, Muzammel Haque, Konstantin G. Kousoulas Feb 2013

The Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Orf34 Protein Binds To Hif-1Α And Causes Its Degradation Via The Proteasome Pathway, Muzammel Haque, Konstantin G. Kousoulas

Faculty Publications

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the causative agent for Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and two other lymphoproliferative disorders, primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD). Kaposi's sarcoma is a highly vascular tumor, and recently both hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and HIF-2α were detected in KS samples, indicating a role of HIFs in the KSHV life cycle. Previously, we showed that ORF34, a lytic gene of unassigned function, was activated by hypoxia and that ORF34 transcription was upregulated by both HIFs (M. Haque, D. A. Davis, V. Wang, I. Widmer, and R. Yarchoan, J Virol. 77:6761- 6768, 2003). In the …

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Serum Γ-Glutamyltransferase And The Risk Of Heart Failure In Men And Women In Finland, Yujie Wang, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Pekka Jousilahti, Veikko Salomaa, Bin Li, Riitta Antikainen, Markku Mähönen, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Gang Hu Feb 2013

Serum Γ-Glutamyltransferase And The Risk Of Heart Failure In Men And Women In Finland, Yujie Wang, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Pekka Jousilahti, Veikko Salomaa, Bin Li, Riitta Antikainen, Markku Mähönen, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Gang Hu

Faculty Publications

Objectives: To evaluate the association of serum γ- glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels with heart failure (HF) risk in the Finnish population. Design: Prospective population-based cohort study. Setting: The present study, which is a part of FINRISK study, was carried out in Finland. Subject study cohorts included 18 353 Finnish men and 19 726 women who were 25-74 years of age and free of HF at baseline. Main outcome measures HF (636 men and 445 women) during a mean follow-up of 14.5 years. Results: Baseline measurement of different levels of serum GGT was used to predict incident HF. The multivariable-adjusted (age, sex, …

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High-Throughput Two-Dimensional Root System Phenotyping Platform Facilitates Genetic Analysis Of Root Growth And Development, Randy T. Clark, Adam N. Famoso, Keyan Zhao, Jon E. Shaff, Eric J. Craft, Carlos D. Bustamante, Susan R. Mccouch, Daniel J. Aneshansley, Leon V. Kochian Feb 2013

High-Throughput Two-Dimensional Root System Phenotyping Platform Facilitates Genetic Analysis Of Root Growth And Development, Randy T. Clark, Adam N. Famoso, Keyan Zhao, Jon E. Shaff, Eric J. Craft, Carlos D. Bustamante, Susan R. Mccouch, Daniel J. Aneshansley, Leon V. Kochian

Faculty Publications

High-throughput phenotyping of root systems requires a combination of specialized techniques and adaptable plant growth, root imaging and software tools. A custom phenotyping platform was designed to capture images of whole root systems, and novel software tools were developed to process and analyse these images. The platform and its components are adaptable to a wide range root phenotyping studies using diverse growth systems (hydroponics, paper pouches, gel and soil) involving several plant species, including, but not limited to, rice, maize, sorghum, tomato and Arabidopsis. The RootReader2D software tool is free and publicly available and was designed with both user-guided and …

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The Intestinal Microbiota In Aged Mice Is Modulated By Dietary Resistant Starch And Correlated With Improvements In Host Responses, Sybille Tachon, June Zhou, Michael Keenan, Roy Martin, Maria L. Marco Feb 2013

The Intestinal Microbiota In Aged Mice Is Modulated By Dietary Resistant Starch And Correlated With Improvements In Host Responses, Sybille Tachon, June Zhou, Michael Keenan, Roy Martin, Maria L. Marco

Faculty Publications

Dietary interventions might prevent or reverse age-related declines in health through modification of the activity and composition of the intestinal microbiota. As a first step toward more comprehensive evaluations of single dietary components on healthy aging, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was applied to determine the structure of the bacterial communities in the ceca of 20-month-old healthy mice fed energy-controlled diets containing 0, 18, or 36% type 2 resistant starch (RS) from high-amylose maize (HAM-RS2). The cecal microbiota of mice fed a diet depleted in RS and containing the readily digestible carbohydrate amylopectin were dominated by bacteria in the Firmicutes …

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A Phylogeny Of Birds Based On Over 1,500 Loci Collected By Target Enrichment And High-Throughput Sequencing, John E. Mccormack, Michael G. Harvey, Brant C. Faircloth, Nicholas G. Crawford, Travis C. Glenn, Robb T. Brumfield Jan 2013

A Phylogeny Of Birds Based On Over 1,500 Loci Collected By Target Enrichment And High-Throughput Sequencing, John E. Mccormack, Michael G. Harvey, Brant C. Faircloth, Nicholas G. Crawford, Travis C. Glenn, Robb T. Brumfield

Faculty Publications

Evolutionary relationships among birds in Neoaves, the clade comprising the vast majority of avian diversity, have vexed systematists due to the ancient, rapid radiation of numerous lineages. We applied a new phylogenomic approach to resolve relationships in Neoaves using target enrichment (sequence capture) and high-throughput sequencing of ultraconserved elements (UCEs) in avian genomes. We collected sequence data from UCE loci for 32 members of Neoaves and one outgroup (chicken) and analyzed data sets that differed in their amount of missing data. An alignment of 1,541 loci that allowed missing data was 87% complete and resulted in a highly resolved phylogeny …

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Effects Of Rare And Common Blood Pressure Gene Variants On Essential Hypertension: Results From The Family Blood Pressure Program, Clue, And Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities Studies, Khanh Dung H. Nguyen, Vasyl Pihur, Santhi K. Ganesh, Ankit Rakha, Richard S. Cooper, Steven C. Hunt, Barry I. Freedman, Joe Coresh, W. H.Linda Kao, Alanna C. Morrison, Eric Boerwinkle, Georg B. Ehret, Aravinda Chakravarti Jan 2013

Effects Of Rare And Common Blood Pressure Gene Variants On Essential Hypertension: Results From The Family Blood Pressure Program, Clue, And Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities Studies, Khanh Dung H. Nguyen, Vasyl Pihur, Santhi K. Ganesh, Ankit Rakha, Richard S. Cooper, Steven C. Hunt, Barry I. Freedman, Joe Coresh, W. H.Linda Kao, Alanna C. Morrison, Eric Boerwinkle, Georg B. Ehret, Aravinda Chakravarti

Faculty Publications

Rationale: Hypertension affects ≈30% of adults in industrialized countries and is the major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Objective: We sought to study the genetic effect of coding and conserved noncoding variants in syndromic hypertension genes on systolic blood pressure (BP) and diastolic BP to assess their overall impact on essential hypertension. Methods and Results: We resequenced 11 genes (AGT, CYP11B1, CYP17A1, HSD11B2, NR3C1, NR3C2, SCNN1A, SCNN1B, SCNN1G, WNK1, and WNK4) in 560 European American (EA) and African American ancestry GenNet participants with extreme systolic BP. We investigated genetic associations of 2535 variants with BP in 19997 EAs and in …

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Synthesis And Cellular Studies Of Polyamine Conjugates Of A Mercaptomethyl-Carboranylporphyrin, N. V.S.Dinesh K. Bhupathiraju, M. Graça H. Vicente Jan 2013

Synthesis And Cellular Studies Of Polyamine Conjugates Of A Mercaptomethyl-Carboranylporphyrin, N. V.S.Dinesh K. Bhupathiraju, M. Graça H. Vicente

Faculty Publications

Seven polyamine conjugates of a tri(p-carboranylmethylthio) tetrafluorophenylporphyrin were prepared in high yields by sequential substitution of the p-phenyl fluoride of tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin (TPPF), and investigated as boron delivery agents for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). The polyamines used were derivatives of the natural-occurring spermine with different lengths of the carbon chains, terminal primary amine groups and, in two of the conjugates, additional aminoethyl moieties. A tri(polyethylene glycol) conjugate was also synthesized for comparison purposes. The polyamine conjugates showed low dark cytotoxicity (IC50 >400 μM) and low phototoxicity (IC50 >40 μM at 1.5 J/cm 2). All polyamine conjugates, with one exception, showed …

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Synthesis And Structure-Activity Relationship Of Piperidine-Derived Non-Urea Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitors, Stevan Pecic, Svetlana Pakhomova, Marcia E. Newcomer, Christophe Morisseau, Bruce D. Hammock, Zhengxiang Zhu, Alison Rinderspacher, Shi Xian Deng Jan 2013

Synthesis And Structure-Activity Relationship Of Piperidine-Derived Non-Urea Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitors, Stevan Pecic, Svetlana Pakhomova, Marcia E. Newcomer, Christophe Morisseau, Bruce D. Hammock, Zhengxiang Zhu, Alison Rinderspacher, Shi Xian Deng

Faculty Publications

A series of potent amide non-urea inhibitors of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is disclosed. The inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase leads to elevated levels of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), and thus inhibitors of sEH represent one of a novel approach to the development of vasodilatory and anti-inflammatory drugs. Structure-activities studies guided optimization of a lead compound, identified through high-throughput screening, gave rise to sub-nanomolar inhibitors of human sEH with stability in human liver microsomal assay suitable for preclinical development. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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Dna-Binding Motif And Target Genes Of The Imprinted Transcription Factor Peg3, Michelle M. Thiaville, Jennifer M. Huang, Hana Kim, Muhammad B. Ekram, Tae Young Roh, Joomyeong Kim Jan 2013

Dna-Binding Motif And Target Genes Of The Imprinted Transcription Factor Peg3, Michelle M. Thiaville, Jennifer M. Huang, Hana Kim, Muhammad B. Ekram, Tae Young Roh, Joomyeong Kim

Faculty Publications

The Peg3 gene is expressed only from the paternally inherited allele located on proximal mouse chromosome 7. The PEG3 protein encoded by this imprinted gene is predicted to bind DNA based on its multiple zinc finger motifs and nuclear localization. In the current study, we demonstrated PEG3's DNA-binding ability by characterizing its binding motif and target genes. We successfully identified target regions bound by PEG3 from mouse brain extracts using chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis. PEG3 was demonstrated to bind these candidate regions through the consensus DNA-binding motif AGTnnCnnnTGGCT. In vitro promoter assays established that PEG3 controls the expression of a given …

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Hijacking Membrane Transporters For Arsenic Phytoextraction, Melissa S. Leblanc, Elizabeth C. Mckinney, Richard B. Meagher, Aaron P. Smith Jan 2013

Hijacking Membrane Transporters For Arsenic Phytoextraction, Melissa S. Leblanc, Elizabeth C. Mckinney, Richard B. Meagher, Aaron P. Smith

Faculty Publications

Arsenic is a toxic metalloid and recognized carcinogen. Arsenate and arsenite are the most common arsenic species available for uptake by plants. As an inorganic phosphate (Pi) analog, arsenate is acquired by plant roots through endogenous Pi transport systems. Inside the cell, arsenate is reduced to the thiol-reactive form arsenite. Glutathione (GSH)-conjugates of arsenite may be extruded from the cell or sequestered in vacuoles by members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family of transporters. In the present study we sought to enhance both plant arsenic uptake through Pi transporter overexpression, and plant arsenic tolerance through ABC transporter overexpression. We demonstrate …

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Profluorogenic Reductase Substrate For Rapid, Selective, And Sensitive Visualization And Detection Of Human Cancer Cells That Overexpress Nqo1, William C. Silvers, Bijeta Prasai, David H. Burk, Matthew L. Brown, Robin L. Mccarley Jan 2013

Profluorogenic Reductase Substrate For Rapid, Selective, And Sensitive Visualization And Detection Of Human Cancer Cells That Overexpress Nqo1, William C. Silvers, Bijeta Prasai, David H. Burk, Matthew L. Brown, Robin L. Mccarley

Faculty Publications

Achieving the vision of identifying and quantifying cancer-related events and targets for future personalized oncology is predicated on the existence of synthetically accessible and economically viable probe molecules fully able to report the presence of these events and targets in a rapid and highly selective and sensitive fashion. Delineated here are the design and evaluation of a newly synthesized turn-on probe whose intense fluorescent reporter signature is revealed only through probe activation by a specific intracellular enzyme present in tumor cells of multiple origins. Quenching of molecular probe fluorescence is achieved through unique photoinduced electron transfer between the naphthalimide dye …

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Profluorogenic Reductase Substrate For Rapid, Selective, And Sensitive Visualization And Detection Of Human Cancer Cells That Overexpress Nqo1, William C. Silvers, Bijeta Prasai, David H. Burk, Matthew L. Brown, Robin L. Mccarley Jan 2013

Profluorogenic Reductase Substrate For Rapid, Selective, And Sensitive Visualization And Detection Of Human Cancer Cells That Overexpress Nqo1, William C. Silvers, Bijeta Prasai, David H. Burk, Matthew L. Brown, Robin L. Mccarley

Faculty Publications

Achieving the vision of identifying and quantifying cancer-related events and targets for future personalized oncology is predicated on the existence of synthetically accessible and economically viable probe molecules fully able to report the presence of these events and targets in a rapid and highly selective and sensitive fashion. Delineated here are the design and evaluation of a newly synthesized turn-on probe whose intense fluorescent reporter signature is revealed only through probe activation by a specific intracellular enzyme present in tumor cells of multiple origins. Quenching of molecular probe fluorescence is achieved through unique photoinduced electron transfer between the naphthalimide dye …

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Fluorescent Xanthenes And White Light Fluorophores, Robert M. Strongin, Isiah M. Warner, Youjun Yang, Mark Lowry, Sayo O. Fakayode, Jorge O. Escobedo, Xiangyang Xu Jan 2013

Fluorescent Xanthenes And White Light Fluorophores, Robert M. Strongin, Isiah M. Warner, Youjun Yang, Mark Lowry, Sayo O. Fakayode, Jorge O. Escobedo, Xiangyang Xu

College of Science Patents

Xanthene compounds are disclosed having fluorescence at multiple wavelengths. Also disclosed are methods for their synthesis and use. Some of the compounds fluoresce at three wavelengths, emitting white light. Uses include the imaging of biological tissues, illumination, and display technologies. Many of the compounds have large Stokes shifts, and are resistant to photobleaching. The fluorescence may be readily distinguished from that of endogenous fluorophores, and from that of most existing, commercially-available fluorescent probes. The compounds are well suited for use in “multiplexing” techniques. They exhibit clear isosbestic and isoemissive points, and have broad absorption and emission ranges.

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Transcription Factor Yy1 Is Essential For Regulation Of The Th2 Cytokine Locus And For Th2 Cell Differentiation, Soo Seok Hwang, Young Uk Kim, Sumin Lee, Sung Woong Jang, Min Kyung Kim, Byung Hee Koh, Wonyong Lee, Joomyeong Kim, Abdallah Souabni, Meinrad Busslinger, Gap Ryol Lee Jan 2013

Transcription Factor Yy1 Is Essential For Regulation Of The Th2 Cytokine Locus And For Th2 Cell Differentiation, Soo Seok Hwang, Young Uk Kim, Sumin Lee, Sung Woong Jang, Min Kyung Kim, Byung Hee Koh, Wonyong Lee, Joomyeong Kim, Abdallah Souabni, Meinrad Busslinger, Gap Ryol Lee

Faculty Publications

The Th2 locus control region (LCR) has been shown to be important in efficient and coordinated cytokine gene regulation during Th2 cell differentiation. However, the molecular mechanism for this is poorly understood. To study the molecular mechanism of the Th2 LCR, we searched for proteins binding to it. We discovered that transcription factor YY1 bound to the LCR and the entire Th2 cytokine locus in a Th2-specific manner. Retroviral overexpression of YY1 induced Th2 cytokine expression. CD4-specific knockdown of YY1 in mice caused marked reduction in Th2 cytokine expression, repressed chromatin remodeling, decreased intrachromosomal interactions, and resistance in an animal …

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Effects Of Oil On The Rate And Trajectory Of Louisiana Marsh Shoreline Erosion, G Mcclenachan, R. Eugene Turner, A W. Tweel Jan 2013

Effects Of Oil On The Rate And Trajectory Of Louisiana Marsh Shoreline Erosion, G Mcclenachan, R. Eugene Turner, A W. Tweel

Faculty Publications

Oil can have long-term detrimental effects on marsh plant health, both above-and belowground. However, there are few data available that quantify the accelerated rate of erosion that oil may cause to marshes and the trajectory of change. Between November 2010 and August 2012, we collected data on shoreline erosion, soil strength, per cent cover of Spartina alterniflora, and marsh edge overhang at 30 closely spaced low oil and high oil sites in Bay Batiste, Louisiana. Surface oil samples were taken one meter into the marsh in February 2011. All high oiled sites in Bay Batiste were contaminated with Macondo 252 …

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Retrospective Analysis Of Midsummer Hypoxic Area And Volume In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, 1985-2011, D R. Obenour, D Scavia, N N. Rabalais, R. Eugene Turner, D R. Obenour Jan 2013

Retrospective Analysis Of Midsummer Hypoxic Area And Volume In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, 1985-2011, D R. Obenour, D Scavia, N N. Rabalais, R. Eugene Turner, D R. Obenour

Faculty Publications

Robust estimates of hypoxic extent (both area and volume) are important for assessing the impacts of low dissolved oxygen on aquatic ecosystems at large spatial scales. Such estimates are also important for calibrating models linking hypoxia to causal factors, such as nutrient loading and stratification, and for informing management decisions. In this study, we develop a rigorous geostatistical modeling framework to estimate the hypoxic extent in the northern Gulf of Mexico from data collected during midsummer, quasi-synoptic monitoring cruises (1985-2011). Instead of a traditional interpolation-based approach, we use a simulation-based approach that yields more robust extent estimates and quantified uncertainty. …

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Nitrogen And Phosphorus Phytoplankton Growth Limitation In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, R. Eugene Turner, N N. Rabalais Jan 2013

Nitrogen And Phosphorus Phytoplankton Growth Limitation In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, R. Eugene Turner, N N. Rabalais

Faculty Publications

We conducted 158 bioassays to determine phytoplankton growth limitation in the northern Gulf of Mexico and made the following observations. Light limitation occurred where salinity was < 20; at higher salinities, phytoplankton biomass yield became mostly limited by N or by a co-limitation of N plus P (NP). The number of N-limited bioassays was 5 times greater than the P-limited bioassays. NP synergism occurred where salinity was > 20, and represented 59% of all samples that were not light-limited. The interaction of N and P co-limitation was frequently synergistically additive, i.e. the combined effects of N and P limitation together created a greater response than the sum of either separately. The dissolved inorganic nitrogen: phosphate ratio (DIN:Pi) and various concentrations of DIN and Pi did not offer reliable chemical boundaries describing likely areas of exclusive N or P limitation in these bioassays. …

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Light Absorption Properties Of Southeastern Bering Sea Waters: Analysis, Parameterization And Implications For Remote Sensing, P. Naik, E.J. D'Sa, H.D.R. Gomes, J.I. Goés, C.B. Mouw Jan 2013

Light Absorption Properties Of Southeastern Bering Sea Waters: Analysis, Parameterization And Implications For Remote Sensing, P. Naik, E.J. D'Sa, H.D.R. Gomes, J.I. Goés, C.B. Mouw

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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A Semi-Analytical Total Suspended Sediment Retrieval Model In Turbid Coastal Waters: A Case Study In Changjiang River Estuary, J. Chen, E. D'Sa, T. Cui, X. Zhang Jan 2013

A Semi-Analytical Total Suspended Sediment Retrieval Model In Turbid Coastal Waters: A Case Study In Changjiang River Estuary, J. Chen, E. D'Sa, T. Cui, X. Zhang

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter And Dissolved Organic Carbon From Sea-Viewing Wide Field-Of-View Sensor (Seawifs), Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (Modis) And Meris Sensors: Case Study For The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, N.C. Tehrani, E.J. D'Sa, C.L. Osburn, T.S. Bianchi, B.A. Schaeffer Jan 2013

Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter And Dissolved Organic Carbon From Sea-Viewing Wide Field-Of-View Sensor (Seawifs), Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (Modis) And Meris Sensors: Case Study For The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, N.C. Tehrani, E.J. D'Sa, C.L. Osburn, T.S. Bianchi, B.A. Schaeffer

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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A Modeling Study Of Seasonal Variations Of Sea Ice And Plankton In The Bering And Chukchi Seas During 2007-2008, J. Wang, H. Hu, J. Goes, J. Miksis-Olds, C. Mouw, E. D'Sa, H. Gomes, D.R. Wang, K. Mizobata, S.-I. Saitoh, L. Luo Jan 2013

A Modeling Study Of Seasonal Variations Of Sea Ice And Plankton In The Bering And Chukchi Seas During 2007-2008, J. Wang, H. Hu, J. Goes, J. Miksis-Olds, C. Mouw, E. D'Sa, H. Gomes, D.R. Wang, K. Mizobata, S.-I. Saitoh, L. Luo

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Unique Pattern Of Molt Leads To Low Intraindividual Variation In Feather Mercury Concentrations In Penguins, R.L. Brasso, B.E. Drummond, S.R. Borrett, A. Chiaradia, M.J. Polito, A.R. Rey Jan 2013

Unique Pattern Of Molt Leads To Low Intraindividual Variation In Feather Mercury Concentrations In Penguins, R.L. Brasso, B.E. Drummond, S.R. Borrett, A. Chiaradia, M.J. Polito, A.R. Rey

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Economic Impact Of Gulf Of Mexico Ecosystem Goods And Services And Integration Into Restoration Decision-Making, Andrew N. Shepard, John F. Valentine, Christopher F. D'Elia, David W. Yoskowitz, David E. Dismukes Jan 2013

Economic Impact Of Gulf Of Mexico Ecosystem Goods And Services And Integration Into Restoration Decision-Making, Andrew N. Shepard, John F. Valentine, Christopher F. D'Elia, David W. Yoskowitz, David E. Dismukes

Faculty Publications

Sustainability of natural resources requires balancing exploitation and conservation, enabled by management based on the best available scientific and economic information. Valuation of ecosystemgoods and services is an important tool for prioritizing restoration efforts, recognizing the economic importance of conserving natural capital, and raising public awareness about the contribution of healthy ecosystems to social welfare, now and for future generations. The Deepwater Horizon oil spill (DHOS) in 2010 was a Gulf of Mexico ecological and economic disaster adding to decades-long degradation of the region's coastal and marine environment. In 2010, revenues from provisioning ecosystem goods and services generated by the …

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Gumbo Yearbook, Class Of 2013, Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College Jan 2013

Gumbo Yearbook, Class Of 2013, Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College

Gumbo Yearbook

The Gumbo yearbook chronicles the entire academic year at LSU. In words and especially photos, the Gumbo shows the people, places, and events that make each year unique. In addition to formal portraits of schools and departments, the book contains hundreds of snapshots of students with their friends and dozens of pages showcasing organizations.

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Seasonal Variation In Corticosterone Receptor Binding In Brain, Hippocampus, And Gonads In House Sparrows (Passer Domesticus), Christine R. Lattin, L. Michael Romero Jan 2013

Seasonal Variation In Corticosterone Receptor Binding In Brain, Hippocampus, And Gonads In House Sparrows (Passer Domesticus), Christine R. Lattin, L. Michael Romero

Faculty Publications

Abstract.-Both baseline and stress-induced concentrations of corticosterone (CORT) vary seasonally in a predictable fashion in many wild birds. Hypotheses about why these patterns exist include the "behavior hypothesis," which predicts that animals will down-regulate stress-induced CORT when CORT-induced behaviors are too likely to cause reproductive failure; and the "preparative hypothesis," which posits that baseline and stress-induced CORT will both be high at times of year with a higher incidence of predictable stressors. We tested predictions made by the behavior and predictive hypotheses about the CORT sensitivity of tissues involved in breeding: whole brain, hippocampus, and gonads. We used radioligand binding …

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Physiological Effects Of Tourism And Associated Food Provisioning In An Endangered Iguana, Charles R. Knapp, Kirsten N. Hines, Trevor T. Zachariah, Caro Perez-Heydrich, John B. Iverson, Sandra D. Buckner, Shelley C. Halach, Christine R. Lattin, L. Michael Romero Jan 2013

Physiological Effects Of Tourism And Associated Food Provisioning In An Endangered Iguana, Charles R. Knapp, Kirsten N. Hines, Trevor T. Zachariah, Caro Perez-Heydrich, John B. Iverson, Sandra D. Buckner, Shelley C. Halach, Christine R. Lattin, L. Michael Romero

Faculty Publications

© The Author 2013. Deliberately feeding wildlife is an increasingly popular tourism-related activity despite a limited understanding of long-term impacts on the species being fed. As a result, tourist behaviours that may have adverse impacts on imperiled species have often been encouraged without the necessary evaluation or oversight. Here, we report the responses of Northern Bahamian Rock Iguanas (Cyclura cychlura) to human-visitation pressure and associated food provisioning. We compared a variety of blood chemistry parameters of iguanas subjected to supplemental feeding at popular tourist destinations with iguanas occurring on islands where supplemental feeding does not take place. We demonstrate that …

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Intracellular Glucocorticoid Receptors Inspleen, But Not Skin, Vary Seasonally Inwild House Sparrows (Passer Domesticus), Christine R. Lattin, K. Waldron-Francis, L. Michael Romero Jan 2013

Intracellular Glucocorticoid Receptors Inspleen, But Not Skin, Vary Seasonally Inwild House Sparrows (Passer Domesticus), Christine R. Lattin, K. Waldron-Francis, L. Michael Romero

Faculty Publications

Over the short-term and at physiological doses, acute increases in corticosterone (CORT) titres can enhance immune function. There are predictable seasonal patterns in both circulating CORT and immune function across many animal species, but whether CORT receptor density in immune tissues varies seasonally is currently unknown. Using radioligand binding assays, we examined changes in concentrations of glucocorticoid receptors (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) in spleen and skin in wild-caught house sparrows in Massachusetts during six different life-history stages: moult, early winter, late winter, pre-egg-laying, breeding and late breeding. Splenic GR and MR binding were highest during the pre-laying period. This …

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Particulate Matter Containing Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals And Adverse Infant Respiratory Health Effects: A Review, Jordy Saravia, Greg I. Lee, Slawo Lomnicki, Barry Dellinger, Stephania A. Cormier Jan 2013

Particulate Matter Containing Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals And Adverse Infant Respiratory Health Effects: A Review, Jordy Saravia, Greg I. Lee, Slawo Lomnicki, Barry Dellinger, Stephania A. Cormier

Faculty Publications

The health impacts of airborne particulate matter (PM) are of global concern, and the direct implications to the development/exacerbation of lung disease are immediately obvious. Most studies to date have sought to understand mechanisms associated with PM exposure in adults/adult animal models; however, infants are also at significant risk for exposure. Infants are affected differently than adults due to drastic immaturities, both physiologically and immunologically, and it is becoming apparent that they represent a critically understudied population. Highlighting our work funded by the ONES award, in this review we argue the understated importance of utilizing infant models to truly understand …

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Temperature And Co2 Additively Regulate Physiology, Morphology And Genomic Responses Of Larval Sea Urchins, Strongylocentrotus Purpuratus, Jacqueline L. Padilla-Gamiño, Morgan W. Kelly, Tyler G. Evans, Gretchen E. Hofmann Jan 2013

Temperature And Co2 Additively Regulate Physiology, Morphology And Genomic Responses Of Larval Sea Urchins, Strongylocentrotus Purpuratus, Jacqueline L. Padilla-Gamiño, Morgan W. Kelly, Tyler G. Evans, Gretchen E. Hofmann

Faculty Publications

Ocean warming and ocean acidification, both consequences of anthropogenic production of CO2, will combine to influence the physiological performance of many species in the marine environment. In this study, we used an integrative approach to forecast the impact of future ocean conditions on larval purple sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) from the northeast Pacific Ocean.In laboratory experiments that simulated ocean warming and ocean acidification, we examined larval development, skeletal growth, metabolism and patterns of gene expression using an orthogonal comparison of two temperature (138C and 188C) and pCO2 (400 and 1100 matm) conditions. Simultaneous exposure to increased temperature and pCO2 significantly …

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An Analysis Of Thaumarchaeota Populations From The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Bradley B. Tolar, Gary M. King, James T. Hollibaugh Jan 2013

An Analysis Of Thaumarchaeota Populations From The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Bradley B. Tolar, Gary M. King, James T. Hollibaugh

Faculty Publications

We sampled Thaumarchaeota populations in the northern Gulf of Mexico, including shelf waters under the Mississippi River outflow plume that are subject to recurrent hypoxia. Data from this study allowed us to: (1) test the hypothesis that Thaumarchaeota would be abundant in this region; (2) assess phylogenetic composition of these populations for comparison with other regions; (3) compare the efficacy of quantitative PCR (qPCR) based on primers for 16S rRNA genes (rrs) with primers for genes in the ammonia oxidation (amoA) and carbon fixation (accA, hcd) pathways; (4) compare distributions obtained by qPCR with the relative abundance of Thaumarchaeota rrs …

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