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Antifungal Efficacy Of Nanodelivered Azoxystrobin Against Rhizoctonia Solani In Soybean (Glycine Max), Eban A. Hanna, Carlos E. Astete, Trey Price, Carlos Tamez, Omar E. Mendez, Alvaro Garcia, Fannyuy V. Kewir, Jason C. White, Cristina M. Sabliov Mar 2024

Antifungal Efficacy Of Nanodelivered Azoxystrobin Against Rhizoctonia Solani In Soybean (Glycine Max), Eban A. Hanna, Carlos E. Astete, Trey Price, Carlos Tamez, Omar E. Mendez, Alvaro Garcia, Fannyuy V. Kewir, Jason C. White, Cristina M. Sabliov

Faculty Publications

Zein nanoparticles (ZNP) (189.4 ± 2.0 nm, +25.7 ± 0.9 mV) and lignin nanoparticles (LNP) (173.6 ± 0.9 nm, - 56.5 ± 2.8 mV) with loaded azoxystrobin (AZO) (5.2 ± 0.8 and 5.5 ± 0.7 wt %, respectively) were designed as antifungal delivery systems for seed treatments. Both particles followed pseudo-first-order kinetics for AZO release at 25 °C, with AZO releasing faster from ZNP. AZO-entrapped ZNP treatments produced the greatest yield (41.15 bushels), followed by empty LNP (40.35 bushels) for inoculated samples; these findings were comparable to yields achieved with the commercial AZO formulation, Dynasty. The stand per row feet …

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Multi-Decadal Coastal Acidification In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico Driven By Climate Change And Eutrophication, Zong Pei Jiang, Cao Qin, Yiwen Pan, Chengfeng Le, Nancy Rabalais, Robert Eugene Turner, Katja Fennel, Kui Wang, Wei Jun Cai Mar 2024

Multi-Decadal Coastal Acidification In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico Driven By Climate Change And Eutrophication, Zong Pei Jiang, Cao Qin, Yiwen Pan, Chengfeng Le, Nancy Rabalais, Robert Eugene Turner, Katja Fennel, Kui Wang, Wei Jun Cai

Faculty Publications

Coastal waters often experience enhanced ocean acidification due to the combined effects of climate change and regional biological and anthropogenic activities. Through reconstructing summertime bottom pH in the northern Gulf of Mexico from 1986 to 2019, we demonstrated that eutrophication-fueled respiration dominated bottom pH changes on intra-seasonal and interannual timescales, resulting in recurring acidification coinciding with hypoxia. However, the multi-decadal acidification trend was principally driven by rising atmospheric CO2 and ocean warming, with more acidified and less buffered hypoxic waters exhibiting a higher rate of pH decline (− 0.0023 yr− 1) compared to non-hypoxic waters (− 0.0014 yr …

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In-Person, Hybrid, Or Remote: Exploring The Effectiveness Of Teacher Practices On Student Performance During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Ashley M. Segalla Mar 2024

In-Person, Hybrid, Or Remote: Exploring The Effectiveness Of Teacher Practices On Student Performance During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Ashley M. Segalla

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Schools and universities had to make unexpected changes beginning in Spring 2020 because of the COVID-19 pandemic. In Spring 2021, one university in the southern region of the United States implemented hybrid teaching formats in College Algebra courses, where students attended half of the classes in-person, and the remaining half of classes were attended synchronously and remotely. The purpose of this mixed methods study was to determine if students’ attendance methods (virtual or in-person) impacted their academic performance in the course. Additionally, the study sought to determine how students and the instructor felt student performance was impacted by hybrid attendance. …

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Modulation Of Methoxyfenozide Release From Lignin Nanoparticles Made Of Lignin Grafted With Pcl By Rop And Acylation Grafting Methods, Alvaro Garcia, Carlos E. Astete, Rafael Cueto, Cristina M. Sabliov Mar 2024

Modulation Of Methoxyfenozide Release From Lignin Nanoparticles Made Of Lignin Grafted With Pcl By Rop And Acylation Grafting Methods, Alvaro Garcia, Carlos E. Astete, Rafael Cueto, Cristina M. Sabliov

Faculty Publications

An efficient and sustainable agriculture calls for the development of novel agrochemical delivery systems able to release agrochemicals in a controlled manner. This study investigated the controlled release of the insecticide methoxyfenozide (MFZ) from lignin (LN) nanoparticles (LNPs). LN-grafted poly(ϵ-caprolactone) (LN-g-PCL) polymers were synthesized using two grafting methods, ring-opening polymerization (ROP)(LN-g-PCLp) and acylation reaction (LN-g-PCLa), creating polymers capable of self-assembling into nanoparticles of different properties, without surfactants. The LN-g-PCLp polymers exhibited a degree of polymerization (DP) from 22 to 101, demonstrating enhanced thermal stability after LN incorporation. LNPs loaded with MFZ exhibited a spherical core-shell structure with a hydrophilic LN …

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Computational Design Of An Electro-Organocatalyst For Conversion Of Co2 Into Formaldehyde, Foroogh Khezeli, Craig Plaisance Mar 2024

Computational Design Of An Electro-Organocatalyst For Conversion Of Co2 Into Formaldehyde, Foroogh Khezeli, Craig Plaisance

Faculty Publications

Density functional theory calculations employing a hybrid implicit/explicit solvation method were used to explore a new strategy for electrochemical conversion of CO2 using an electro-organocatalyst. A particular structural motif is identified that consists of an electron-rich vicinal enediamine (>N-C═C-N<) backbone, which is capable of activating CO2 by the formation of a C-C bond while subsequently facilitating the transfer of electrons from a chemically inert cathode to ultimately produce formaldehyde. Unlike transition metal-based electrocatalysts, the electro-organocatalyst is not constrained by scaling relations between the formation energies of activated CO2 and adsorbed CO, nor is it expected to be active for the competing hydrogen evolution reaction. The rate-limiting steps are found to occur during two proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) sequences and are associated with the transfer of a proton from a proton transfer mediator to a carbon atom on the electro-organocatalyst. The difficulty of this step in the second PCET sequence necessitates an electrode potential of −0.85 V vs RHE to achieve the maximum turnover frequency. In addition, it is postulated that the electro-organocatalyst should also be capable of forming long-chain aldehydes by successively carrying out reductive aldol condensation to grow the alkyl chain one carbon at a time.

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Deconstructing The Mangrove Carbon Cycle: Gains, Transformation, And Losses, M. F. Adame, N. Cormier, P. Taillardat, N. Iram, A. Rovai, T. M. Sloey, E. S. Yando, J. F. Blanco-Libreros, M. Arnaud, T. Jennerjahn, C. E. Lovelock, D. Friess, G. M.S. Reithmaier, C. A. Buelow, S. M. Muhammad-Nor, R. R. Twilley, R. A. Ribeiro Mar 2024

Deconstructing The Mangrove Carbon Cycle: Gains, Transformation, And Losses, M. F. Adame, N. Cormier, P. Taillardat, N. Iram, A. Rovai, T. M. Sloey, E. S. Yando, J. F. Blanco-Libreros, M. Arnaud, T. Jennerjahn, C. E. Lovelock, D. Friess, G. M.S. Reithmaier, C. A. Buelow, S. M. Muhammad-Nor, R. R. Twilley, R. A. Ribeiro

Faculty Publications

Mangroves are one of the most carbon-dense forests on the Earth and have been highlighted as key ecosystems for climate change mitigation and adaptation. Hundreds of studies have investigated how mangroves fix, transform, store, and export carbon. Here, we review and synthesize the previously known and emerging carbon pathways in mangroves, including gains (woody biomass accumulation, deadwood accumulation, soil carbon sequestration, root and litterfall production), transformations (food web transfer through herbivory, decomposition), and losses (respiration as CO2 and CH4, litterfall export, particulate and dissolved carbon export). We then review the technologies available to measure carbon fluxes in mangroves, their potential, …

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Spatial Distribution And Movement Of Atlantic Tarpon (Megalops Atlanticus) In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Shane A. Stephens, Michael A. Dance, Michelle Zapp Sluis, Richard J. Kline, Matthew K. Streich, Gregory W. Stunz, Aaron J. Adams, R. J.David Wells, Jay R. Rooker Mar 2024

Spatial Distribution And Movement Of Atlantic Tarpon (Megalops Atlanticus) In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Shane A. Stephens, Michael A. Dance, Michelle Zapp Sluis, Richard J. Kline, Matthew K. Streich, Gregory W. Stunz, Aaron J. Adams, R. J.David Wells, Jay R. Rooker

Faculty Publications

Atlantic tarpon (Megalops atlanticus) are capable of long-distance migrations (hundreds of kilometers) but also exhibit resident behaviors in estuarine and coastal habitats. The aim of this study was to characterize the spatial distribution of juvenile tarpon and identify migration pathways of adult tarpon in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Spatial distribution of juvenile tarpon was investigated using gillnet data collected by Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD) over the past four decades. Generalized additive models (GAMs) indicated that salinity and water temperature played a significant role in tarpon presence, with tarpon occurrences peaking in the fall and increasing over the …

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Claudin-1 As A Novel Target Gene Induced In Obesity And Associated To Inflammation, Fibrosis, And Cell Differentiation, Pablo Fernández-García, Siri D. Taxerås, Marjorie Reyes-Farias, Lorena González, Andrea Soria-Gondek, Silvia Pellitero, Jordi Tarascó, Pau Moreno, Lauro Sumoy, Jacqueline M. Stephens, Lindsey G. Yoo, María Galán, Adriana Izquierdo, Gema Medina-Gómez, Laura Herrero, Patricia Corrales, Francesc Villarroya, Rubén Cereijo, David Sánchez-Infantes Mar 2024

Claudin-1 As A Novel Target Gene Induced In Obesity And Associated To Inflammation, Fibrosis, And Cell Differentiation, Pablo Fernández-García, Siri D. Taxerås, Marjorie Reyes-Farias, Lorena González, Andrea Soria-Gondek, Silvia Pellitero, Jordi Tarascó, Pau Moreno, Lauro Sumoy, Jacqueline M. Stephens, Lindsey G. Yoo, María Galán, Adriana Izquierdo, Gema Medina-Gómez, Laura Herrero, Patricia Corrales, Francesc Villarroya, Rubén Cereijo, David Sánchez-Infantes

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Objective: T lymphocytes from visceral and subcutaneous white adipose tissues (vWAT and sWAT, respectively) can have opposing roles in the systemic metabolic changes associated with obesity. However, few studies have focused on this subject. Claudin-1 (CLDN1) is a protein involved canonically in tight junctions and tissue paracellular permeability. We evaluated T-lymphocyte gene expression in vWAT and sWAT and in the whole adipose depots in human samples. Methods: A Clariom D-based transcriptomic analysis was performed on T lymphocytes magnetically separated from vWAT and sWAT from patients with obesity (Cohort 1; N = 11). Expression of candidate genes resulting from that analysis …

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Worldwide Forest Surveys Reveal Forty-Three New Species In Phytophthora Major Clade 2 With Fundamental Implications For The Evolution And Biogeography Of The Genus And Global Plant Biosecurity, T. Jung, I. Milenković, Y. Balci, J. Janoušek, T. Kudláček, Z. Nagy, B. Baharuddin, J. Bakonyi, K. D. Broders, S. O. Cacciola, T. T. Chang, N. M. Chi, T. Corcobado, A. Cravador, B. Dordević, A. Durán, M. Ferreira, C. H. Fu, L. Garcia, A. Hieno, H. H. Ho, C. Hong, M. Junaid, K. Kageyama, T. Kuswinanti, C. Maia, T. Májek, H. Masuya, G. Magnano Di San Lio, B. Mendieta-Araica, N. Nasri, L. S.S. Oliveira, A. Pane Mar 2024

Worldwide Forest Surveys Reveal Forty-Three New Species In Phytophthora Major Clade 2 With Fundamental Implications For The Evolution And Biogeography Of The Genus And Global Plant Biosecurity, T. Jung, I. Milenković, Y. Balci, J. Janoušek, T. Kudláček, Z. Nagy, B. Baharuddin, J. Bakonyi, K. D. Broders, S. O. Cacciola, T. T. Chang, N. M. Chi, T. Corcobado, A. Cravador, B. Dordević, A. Durán, M. Ferreira, C. H. Fu, L. Garcia, A. Hieno, H. H. Ho, C. Hong, M. Junaid, K. Kageyama, T. Kuswinanti, C. Maia, T. Májek, H. Masuya, G. Magnano Di San Lio, B. Mendieta-Araica, N. Nasri, L. S.S. Oliveira, A. Pane

Faculty Publications

During 25 surveys of global Phytophthora diversity, conducted between 1998 and 2020, 43 new species were detected in natural ecosystems and, occasionally, in nurseries and outplantings in Europe, Southeast and East Asia and the Americas. Based on a multigene phylogeny of nine nuclear and four mitochondrial gene regions they were assigned to five of the six known subclades, 2a-c, e and f, of Phytophthora major Clade 2 and the new subclade 2g. The evolutionary history of the Clade appears to have involved the pre-Gondwanan divergence of three extant subclades, 2c, 2e and 2f, all having disjunct natural distributions on separate …

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Influence Of Hesperidin On The Physico-Chemical, Microbiological And Sensory Characteristics Of Frozen Yogurt †, Roberto Cedillos, Ricardo S. Aleman, Ryan Page, Douglas W. Olson, Charles Boeneke, Witoon Prinyawiwatkul, Kayanush Aryana Mar 2024

Influence Of Hesperidin On The Physico-Chemical, Microbiological And Sensory Characteristics Of Frozen Yogurt †, Roberto Cedillos, Ricardo S. Aleman, Ryan Page, Douglas W. Olson, Charles Boeneke, Witoon Prinyawiwatkul, Kayanush Aryana

Faculty Publications

Frozen yogurts contain yogurt culture bacteria, which might impart health benefits to their consumers. Global frozen yogurt market sales are expected to grow by 4.8% by 2028, which represents an important opportunity for the industry, consumers and researchers. Polyphenols are metabolites found in plants which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and might prevent chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this study was to elucidate the effect of the polyphenol hesperidin on the physico-chemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics of frozen yogurts. Hesperidin was incorporated into frozen yogurt at three concentrations (125, 250 and 500 mg/90 …

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Seven-Year Prospective Study On Yearly Incidence Of Orbivirus Infection Of Captive White-Tailed Deer And Potential Culicoides Vectors, Michael Becker, Glen Gentry, Claudia Husseneder, Lane Foil Mar 2024

Seven-Year Prospective Study On Yearly Incidence Of Orbivirus Infection Of Captive White-Tailed Deer And Potential Culicoides Vectors, Michael Becker, Glen Gentry, Claudia Husseneder, Lane Foil

Faculty Publications

Bluetongue virus (BTV) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) are arthropod-borne viruses that are transmitted by biting midges in the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) and can cause hemorrhagic disease in certain ruminants. The objectives of this study were to measure the incidence of BTV and EHDV infections in captive white-tailed deer herd as well as tissues and corresponding presence of Culicoides midges at a location near Clinton, LA. During a 7-yr study with yearly outbreaks of hemorrhagic disease in the deer herd, 15 species of Culicoides were captured using Centers for Disease Control (CDC) black light traps. Reverse transcriptase quantitative …

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Two-Pore Potassium Channel Trek-1 (K2p2.1) Regulates Nlrp3 Inflammasome Activity In Macrophages, Camille N. Immanuel, Bin Teng, Brittany E. Dong, Elizabeth M. Gordon, Charlean Luellen, Benjamin Lopez, Jeffrey Harding, Stephania A. Cormier, Elizabeth A. Fitzpatrick, Andreas Schwingshackl, Christopher M. Waters Mar 2024

Two-Pore Potassium Channel Trek-1 (K2p2.1) Regulates Nlrp3 Inflammasome Activity In Macrophages, Camille N. Immanuel, Bin Teng, Brittany E. Dong, Elizabeth M. Gordon, Charlean Luellen, Benjamin Lopez, Jeffrey Harding, Stephania A. Cormier, Elizabeth A. Fitzpatrick, Andreas Schwingshackl, Christopher M. Waters

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Because of the importance of potassium efflux in inflammasome activation, we investigated the role of the two-pore potassium (K2P) channel TREK-1 in macrophage inflammasome activity. Using primary alveolar macrophages (AMs) and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from wild-type (wt) and TREK-1–/– mice, we measured responses to inflammasome priming [using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)] and activation (LPS þ ATP). We measured IL-1b, caspase-1, and NLRP3 via ELISA and Western blot. A membrane-permeable potassium indicator was used to measure potassium efflux during ATP exposure, and a fluorescence-based assay was used to assess changes in membrane potential. Inflammasome activation induced by LPS þ ATP increased IL-1b …

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An Island ‘Endemic’ Born Out Of Hybridization Between Introduced Lineages, Jessie F. Salter, Robb T. Brumfield, Brant C. Faircloth Mar 2024

An Island ‘Endemic’ Born Out Of Hybridization Between Introduced Lineages, Jessie F. Salter, Robb T. Brumfield, Brant C. Faircloth

Faculty Publications

Humans have profoundly impacted the distribution of plant and animal species over thousands of years. The most direct example of these effects is human-mediated movement of individuals, either through translocation of individuals within their range or through the introduction of species to new habitats. While human involvement may be suspected in species with obvious range disjunctions, it can be difficult to detect natural versus human-mediated dispersal events for populations at the edge of a species' range, and this uncertainty muddles how we understand the evolutionary history of populations and broad biogeographical patterns. Studies combining genetic data with archaeological, linguistic and …

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The Expected Behaviors Of Posterior Predictive Tests And Their Unexpected Interpretation, Luiza Guimarães Fabreti, Lyndon M. Coghill, Robert C. Thomson, Sebastian Höhna, Jeremy M. Brown Mar 2024

The Expected Behaviors Of Posterior Predictive Tests And Their Unexpected Interpretation, Luiza Guimarães Fabreti, Lyndon M. Coghill, Robert C. Thomson, Sebastian Höhna, Jeremy M. Brown

Faculty Publications

Poor fit between models of sequence or trait evolution and empirical data is known to cause biases and lead to spurious conclusions about evolutionary patterns and processes. Bayesian posterior prediction is a flexible and intuitive approach for detecting such cases of poor fit. However, the expected behavior of posterior predictive tests has never been characterized for evolutionary models, which is critical for their proper interpretation. Here, we show that the expected distribution of posterior predictive P-values is generally not uniform, in contrast to frequentist P-values used for hypothesis testing, and extreme posterior predictive P-values often provide more evidence of poor …

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Identification Of A Chondrocyte-Specific Enhancer In The Hoxc8 Gene, Stephania A. Cormier, Claudia Kappen Mar 2024

Identification Of A Chondrocyte-Specific Enhancer In The Hoxc8 Gene, Stephania A. Cormier, Claudia Kappen

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Hox genes encode transcription factors whose roles in patterning animal body plans during embryonic development are well-documented. Multiple studies demonstrate that Hox genes continue to act in adult cells, in normal differentiation, in regenerative processes, and, with abnormal expression, in diverse types of cancers. However, surprisingly little is known about the regulatory mechanisms that govern Hox gene expression in specific cell types, as they differentiate during late embryonic development, and in the adult organism. The murine Hoxc8 gene determines the identity of multiple skeletal elements in the lower thoracic and lumbar region and continues to play a role in the …

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Genome-Wide Polygenic Risk Score For Ckd In Individuals With Apol1 High-Risk Genotypes, Ha My T. Vy, Steven G. Coca, Ashwin Sawant, Ankit Sakhuja, Orlando M. Gutierrez, Richard Cooper, Ruth J.F. Loos, Carol R. Horowitz, Ron Do, Girish N. Nadkarni Mar 2024

Genome-Wide Polygenic Risk Score For Ckd In Individuals With Apol1 High-Risk Genotypes, Ha My T. Vy, Steven G. Coca, Ashwin Sawant, Ankit Sakhuja, Orlando M. Gutierrez, Richard Cooper, Ruth J.F. Loos, Carol R. Horowitz, Ron Do, Girish N. Nadkarni

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Coastal Wetland Restoration Through The Lens Of Odum's Theory Of Ecosystem Development, Friedrich W. Keppeler, Annette S. Engel, Linda M. Hooper-Bùi, Paola C. López-Duarte, Charles W. Martin, Jill A. Olin, Katelyn J. Lamb, Michael J. Polito, Nancy N. Rabalais, Brian J. Roberts, Erick M. Swenson, Olaf P. Jensen Mar 2024

Coastal Wetland Restoration Through The Lens Of Odum's Theory Of Ecosystem Development, Friedrich W. Keppeler, Annette S. Engel, Linda M. Hooper-Bùi, Paola C. López-Duarte, Charles W. Martin, Jill A. Olin, Katelyn J. Lamb, Michael J. Polito, Nancy N. Rabalais, Brian J. Roberts, Erick M. Swenson, Olaf P. Jensen

Faculty Publications

Advancing ecological restoration assessments requires a more detailed consideration of species interactions and ecosystem processes. Most restoration projects rely on a few metrics not always directly linked with ecological theory. Here, we used Odum's theory of ecosystem development to assess and compare the ecosystem structure and services of created marshes (4–6 years old) with preexisting, reference marshes in a brackish water region of the Mississippi River Delta. We built ecosystem models for created and reference marshes that integrated large datasets of stomach contents, stable isotopes, and taxa abundances. Despite strong resemblance in community structure, created marshes were at an earlier …

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Artifactual Orthologs And The Need For Diligent Data Exploration In Complex Phylogenomic Datasets: A Museomic Case Study From The Andean Flora, Laura A. Frost, Ana M. Bedoya, Laura P. Lagomarsino Mar 2024

Artifactual Orthologs And The Need For Diligent Data Exploration In Complex Phylogenomic Datasets: A Museomic Case Study From The Andean Flora, Laura A. Frost, Ana M. Bedoya, Laura P. Lagomarsino

Faculty Publications

The Andes mountains of western South America are a globally important biodiversity hotspot, yet there is a paucity of resolved phylogenies for plant clades from this region. Filling an important gap in our understanding of the World's richest flora, we present the first phylogeny of Freziera (Pentaphylacaceae), an Andean-centered, cloud forest radiation. Our dataset was obtained via hybrid-enriched target sequence capture of Angiosperms353 universal loci for 50 of the ca. 75 spp., obtained almost entirely from herbarium specimens. We identify high phylogenomic complexity in Freziera, including the presence of data artifacts. Via by-eye observation of gene trees, detailed examination of …

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Assembly And Repair Of Photosystem Ii In Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, Himanshu S. Mehra, Xiaozhuo Wang, Brandon P. Russell, Nidhi Kulkarni, Nicholas Ferrari, Brent Larson, David J. Vinyard Mar 2024

Assembly And Repair Of Photosystem Ii In Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, Himanshu S. Mehra, Xiaozhuo Wang, Brandon P. Russell, Nidhi Kulkarni, Nicholas Ferrari, Brent Larson, David J. Vinyard

Faculty Publications

Oxygenic photosynthetic organisms use Photosystem II (PSII) to oxidize water and reduce plastoquinone. Here, we review the mechanisms by which PSII is assembled and turned over in the model green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. This species has been used to make key discoveries in PSII research due to its metabolic flexibility and amenability to genetic approaches. PSII subunits originate from both nuclear and chloroplastic gene products in Chlamydomonas. Nuclear-encoded PSII subunits are transported into the chloroplast and chloroplast-encoded PSII subunits are translated by a coordinated mechanism. Active PSII dimers are built from discrete reaction center complexes in a process facilitated by …

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Maternal Gestational Diabetes And Childhood Adiposity Risk From 6 To 8 Years Of Age, Weiqin Li, Leishen Wang, Huikun Liu, Shuang Zhang, Wei Li, Junhong Leng, Xilin Yang, Zhijie Yu, Amanda E. Staiano, Gang Hu Mar 2024

Maternal Gestational Diabetes And Childhood Adiposity Risk From 6 To 8 Years Of Age, Weiqin Li, Leishen Wang, Huikun Liu, Shuang Zhang, Wei Li, Junhong Leng, Xilin Yang, Zhijie Yu, Amanda E. Staiano, Gang Hu

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Background/objective: Previous studies found conflicting results on the association between maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and childhood overweight/obesity. This study was to assess the association between maternal GDM and offspring’s adiposity risk from 6 to 8 years of age. Methods: The present study longitudinally followed 1156 mother-child pairs (578 GDM and 578 non-GDM) at 5.9 ± 1.2 years postpartum and retained 912 mother-child pairs (486 GDM and 426 non-GDM) at 8.3 ± 1.6 years postpartum. Childhood body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, body fat and skinfold were measured using standardized methods. Results: Compared with the counterparts born to mothers with …

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Interactive Effects Of Gestational Diabetes And High Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index On Adverse Growth Patterns Of Offspring, Weihan Cao, Ninghua Li, Rui Zhang, Weiqin Li, Ming Gao, Hui Wang, Leishen Wang, Yijuan Qiao, Jing Li, Zhijie Yu, Gang Hu, Junhong Leng, Xilin Yang Mar 2024

Interactive Effects Of Gestational Diabetes And High Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index On Adverse Growth Patterns Of Offspring, Weihan Cao, Ninghua Li, Rui Zhang, Weiqin Li, Ming Gao, Hui Wang, Leishen Wang, Yijuan Qiao, Jing Li, Zhijie Yu, Gang Hu, Junhong Leng, Xilin Yang

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Aims: To examine the independent and interactive effects of maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and high pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) on the risk of offspring adverse growth patterns. Materials and Methods: One thousand six hundred and eighty one mother-child pairs were followed for 8 years in Tianjin, China. Group-based trajectory modelling was used to identify offspring growth patterns. Logistic regression was performed to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of GDM and high pre-pregnancy BMI for offspring adverse growth patterns. Restricted cubic spline was used to identify cut-off points. Additive interactions and multiplicative interactions were used …

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Planetary Protection Knowledge Gap Closure Enabling Crewed Missions To Mars, James A. Spry, Bette Siegel, Corien Bakermans, David W. Beaty, Mary Sue Bell, James N. Benardini, Rosalba Bonaccorsi, Sarah L. Castro-Wallace, David A. Coil, Athena Coustenis, Peter T. Doran, Lori Fenton, David P. Fidler, Brian Glass, Stephen J. Hoffman, Fathi Karouia, Joel S. Levine, Mark L. Lupisella, Javier Martin-Torres, Rakesh Mogul, Karen Olsson-Francis, Sandra Ortega-Ugalde, Manish R. Patel, David A. Pearce, Margaret S. Race, Aaron B. Regberg, Petra Rettberg, John D. Rummel, Kevin Y. Sato, Andrew C. Schuerger, Elliot Sefton-Nash, Matthew Sharkey, Nitin K. Singh Mar 2024

Planetary Protection Knowledge Gap Closure Enabling Crewed Missions To Mars, James A. Spry, Bette Siegel, Corien Bakermans, David W. Beaty, Mary Sue Bell, James N. Benardini, Rosalba Bonaccorsi, Sarah L. Castro-Wallace, David A. Coil, Athena Coustenis, Peter T. Doran, Lori Fenton, David P. Fidler, Brian Glass, Stephen J. Hoffman, Fathi Karouia, Joel S. Levine, Mark L. Lupisella, Javier Martin-Torres, Rakesh Mogul, Karen Olsson-Francis, Sandra Ortega-Ugalde, Manish R. Patel, David A. Pearce, Margaret S. Race, Aaron B. Regberg, Petra Rettberg, John D. Rummel, Kevin Y. Sato, Andrew C. Schuerger, Elliot Sefton-Nash, Matthew Sharkey, Nitin K. Singh

Faculty Publications

As focus for exploration of Mars transitions from current robotic explorers to development of crewed missions, it remains important to protect the integrity of scientific investigations at Mars, as well as protect the Earth's biosphere from any potential harmful effects from returned martian material. This is the discipline of planetary protection, and the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) maintains the consensus international policy and guidelines on how this is implemented. Based on National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and European Space Agency (ESA) studies that began in 2001, COSPAR adopted principles and guidelines for human missions to Mars in 2008. …

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Synergnet: A Graph Neural Network Model To Predict Anticancer Drug Synergy, Mengmeng Liu, Gopal Srivastava, J. Ramanujam, Michal Brylinski Mar 2024

Synergnet: A Graph Neural Network Model To Predict Anticancer Drug Synergy, Mengmeng Liu, Gopal Srivastava, J. Ramanujam, Michal Brylinski

Faculty Publications

Drug combination therapy shows promise in cancer treatment by addressing drug resistance, reducing toxicity, and enhancing therapeutic efficacy. However, the intricate and dynamic nature of biological systems makes identifying potential synergistic drugs a costly and time-consuming endeavor. To facilitate the development of combination therapy, techniques employing artificial intelligence have emerged as a transformative solution, providing a sophisticated avenue for advancing existing therapeutic approaches. In this study, we developed SynerGNet, a graph neural network model designed to accurately predict the synergistic effect of drug pairs against cancer cell lines. SynerGNet utilizes cancer-specific featured graphs created by integrating heterogeneous biological features into …

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Regulation Of Normal And Aberrant Heterochromatic Gene Silencing In Yeast, Anabelle Acosta Mar 2024

Regulation Of Normal And Aberrant Heterochromatic Gene Silencing In Yeast, Anabelle Acosta

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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New Features Of Laboratory-Generated Epfrs From 1,2-Dichlorobenzene (Dcb) And 2-Monochlorophenol (Mcp), Lavrent Khachatryan, Marwan Y. Rezk, Divine Nde, Farhana Hasan, Slawomir Lomnicki, Dorin Boldor, Robert Cook, Phillip Sprunger, Randall Hall, Stephania Cormier Feb 2024

New Features Of Laboratory-Generated Epfrs From 1,2-Dichlorobenzene (Dcb) And 2-Monochlorophenol (Mcp), Lavrent Khachatryan, Marwan Y. Rezk, Divine Nde, Farhana Hasan, Slawomir Lomnicki, Dorin Boldor, Robert Cook, Phillip Sprunger, Randall Hall, Stephania Cormier

Faculty Publications

The present research is primarily focused on investigating the characteristics of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) generated from commonly recognized aromatic precursors, namely, 1,2-dichlorobenzene (DCB) and 2-monochlorophenol (MCP), within controlled laboratory conditions at a temperature of 230 °C, termed as DCB230 and MCP230 EPFRs, respectively. An intriguing observation has emerged during the creation of EPFRs from MCP and DCB utilizing a catalyst 5% CuO/SiO2, which was prepared through various methods. A previously proposed mechanism, advanced by Dellinger and colleagues (a conventional model), postulated a positive correlation between the degree of hydroxylation on the catalyst’s surface (higher hydroxylated, HH and less …

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Distinguishing Molecular Mechanical Action From Photothermal And Photodynamic Behavior, Jacob L. Beckham, Thomas S. Bradford, Ciceron Ayala-Orozco, Ana L. Santos, Dallin Arnold, Alexis R. Van Venrooy, Víctor García-López, Robert Pal, James M. Tour Feb 2024

Distinguishing Molecular Mechanical Action From Photothermal And Photodynamic Behavior, Jacob L. Beckham, Thomas S. Bradford, Ciceron Ayala-Orozco, Ana L. Santos, Dallin Arnold, Alexis R. Van Venrooy, Víctor García-López, Robert Pal, James M. Tour

Faculty Publications

Molecular motors (MM) are molecular machines, or nanomachines, that rotate unidirectionally upon photostimulation and perform mechanical work on their environment. In the last several years, it has been shown that the photomechanical action of MM can be used to permeabilize lipid bilayers, thereby killing cancer cells and pathogenic microorganisms and controlling cell signaling. The work contributes to a growing acknowledgement that the molecular actuation characteristic of these systems is useful for various applications in biology. However, the mechanical effects of molecular motion on biological materials are difficult to disentangle from photodynamic and photothermal action, which are also present when a …

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Advancing Cr(Vi) Electroreduction: A Redox Mediator To Catalyze The Electrochemical Reduction Of Cr(Vi) In Water While Preventing Fouling Of Carbon Electrodes, Callie M. Stern, Malithi M. Abeythunga, Noémie Elgrishi Feb 2024

Advancing Cr(Vi) Electroreduction: A Redox Mediator To Catalyze The Electrochemical Reduction Of Cr(Vi) In Water While Preventing Fouling Of Carbon Electrodes, Callie M. Stern, Malithi M. Abeythunga, Noémie Elgrishi

Faculty Publications

Hexavalent chromium is a contaminant of concern and is found in drinking water supplies. Electrochemical methods are well-suited to accomplish the reduction of toxic Cr(VI) to Cr(III). However, high overpotentials and plating of Cr(III) products on electrodes have stymied the development of efficacious purification methods. The Cr(VI) reduction reaction necessitates the transfer of multiple protons and electrons, which is accompanied by a high kinetic barrier. Following recent advances in the electrocatalytic energy storage community, we report that the use of [Fe(CN)6]3- as a small molecular electrocatalyst not only diminishes the overpotential for Cr(VI) reduction on carbon electrodes by 0.575 …

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Block-Based Programming For Two-Armed Robots: A Comparative Study, Felipe Fronchetti, Chandler Barfield, Nico Ritschel, Gabriella Chang, Logan Schorr, Rodrigo Spinola, Reid Holmes, David C. Shepherd Feb 2024

Block-Based Programming For Two-Armed Robots: A Comparative Study, Felipe Fronchetti, Chandler Barfield, Nico Ritschel, Gabriella Chang, Logan Schorr, Rodrigo Spinola, Reid Holmes, David C. Shepherd

Faculty Publications

Programming industrial robots is difficult and expensive. Although recent work has made substantial progress in making it accessible to a wider range of users, it is often limited to simple programs and its usability remains untested in practice. In this article, we introduce Duplo, a block-based programming environment that allows end-users to program two-armed robots and solve tasks that require coordination. Duplo positions the program for each arm side-by-side, using the spatial relationship between blocks from each program to represent parallelism in a way that end-users can easily understand. This design was proposed by previous work, but not implemented or …

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Estimating Lentic Recreational Fisheries Catch And Effort Across The United States, Matthew D. Robertson, Stephen R. Midway, Holly S. Embke, Anna L. Kaz, Mitchel Lang, Craig Paukert, Nicholas A. Sievert, Lyndsie Wszola, Abigail J. Lynch Feb 2024

Estimating Lentic Recreational Fisheries Catch And Effort Across The United States, Matthew D. Robertson, Stephen R. Midway, Holly S. Embke, Anna L. Kaz, Mitchel Lang, Craig Paukert, Nicholas A. Sievert, Lyndsie Wszola, Abigail J. Lynch

Faculty Publications

Recreational fisheries represent a socially, ecologically, and economically significant component of global fisheries. The U.S. Inland Creel and Angler Survey Catalog (CreelCat) database includes inland recreational fisheries survey data across the United States to facilitate large-scale analyses. However, because survey methods differ, a statistical method capable of integrating these surveys is necessary to assess patterns and relationships across regions. Here, we developed a hierarchical generalized linear mixed modeling approach to estimate the relationship between daily recreational fisheries catch and effort based on waterbody, socio-economic, and ecological covariates. We applied this approach to CreelCat data on lentic waterbodies and found that …

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Calorie Restriction Reduces Biomarkers Of Cellular Senescence In Humans, Zaira Aversa, Thomas A. White, Amanda A. Heeren, Cassondra A. Hulshizer, Dominik Saul, Xu Zhang, Anthony J.A. Molina, Leanne M. Redman, Corby K. Martin, Susan B. Racette, Kim M. Huffman, Manjushri Bhapkar, Sundeep Khosla, Sai Krupa Das, Roger A. Fielding, Elizabeth J. Atkinson, Nathan K. Lebrasseur Feb 2024

Calorie Restriction Reduces Biomarkers Of Cellular Senescence In Humans, Zaira Aversa, Thomas A. White, Amanda A. Heeren, Cassondra A. Hulshizer, Dominik Saul, Xu Zhang, Anthony J.A. Molina, Leanne M. Redman, Corby K. Martin, Susan B. Racette, Kim M. Huffman, Manjushri Bhapkar, Sundeep Khosla, Sai Krupa Das, Roger A. Fielding, Elizabeth J. Atkinson, Nathan K. Lebrasseur

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Calorie restriction (CR) with adequate nutrient intake is a potential geroprotective intervention. To advance this concept in humans, we tested the hypothesis that moderate CR in healthy young-to-middle-aged individuals would reduce circulating biomarkers of cellular senescence, a fundamental mechanism of aging and aging-related conditions. Using plasma specimens from the Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy (CALERIE™) phase 2 study, we found that CR significantly reduced the concentrations of several senescence biomarkers at 12 and 24 months compared to an ad libitum diet. Using machine learning, changes in biomarker concentrations emerged as important predictors of the change …

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