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Long-Term Impact Of Welfare Reform: Biopsychosocial Barriers To Successful Transition Away From Welfare Reliance Among Rural Women In Louisiana, Jake Jerome Guidry Mar 2020

Long-Term Impact Of Welfare Reform: Biopsychosocial Barriers To Successful Transition Away From Welfare Reliance Among Rural Women In Louisiana, Jake Jerome Guidry

LSU Master's Theses

The discussion regarding government benefits and reliance on welfare benefits is one that takes place in arenas of policymaking and academia alike. These discussions often focus on poverty that exists in densely populated metropolitan areas, resulting in a scarcity of research regarding unique characteristics of rural poverty. Eighty-four rural Louisiana women participated in a longitudinal study of the impacts of welfare reform in their lives. Twenty years later, two (N = 2) rural Louisiana women, each former welfare recipients, participated in an in-depth qualitative case study examining their transition away from welfare programs. Data show that neither woman was …

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Low-Phosphate Chromatin Dynamics Predict A Cell Wall Remodeling Network In Rice Shoots, Maryam Foroozani, Sara Zahraeifard, Dong Ha Oh, Guannan Wang, Maheshi Dassanayake, Aaron P. Smith Mar 2020

Low-Phosphate Chromatin Dynamics Predict A Cell Wall Remodeling Network In Rice Shoots, Maryam Foroozani, Sara Zahraeifard, Dong Ha Oh, Guannan Wang, Maheshi Dassanayake, Aaron P. Smith

Faculty Publications

© 2020 American Society of Plant Biologists. All Rights Reserved. Phosphorus (P) is an essential plant macronutrient vital to fundamental metabolic processes. Plant-available P is low in most soils, making it a frequent limiter of growth. Declining P reserves for fertilizer production exacerbates this agricultural challenge. Plants modulate complex responses to fluctuating P levels via global transcriptional regulatory networks. Although chromatin structure plays a substantial role in controlling gene expression, the chromatin dynamics involved in regulating P homeostasis have not been determined. Here we define distinct chromatin states across the rice (Oryza sativa) genome by integrating multiple chromatin marks, including …

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Genome-Wide Association Study To Identify Genetic Loci Associated With Gastrointestinal Nematode Resistance In Katahdin Sheep, G. M. Becker, K. M. Davenport, J. M. Burke, R. M. Lewis, J. E. Miller, J. L.M. Morgan, D. R. Notter, B. M. Murdoch Mar 2020

Genome-Wide Association Study To Identify Genetic Loci Associated With Gastrointestinal Nematode Resistance In Katahdin Sheep, G. M. Becker, K. M. Davenport, J. M. Burke, R. M. Lewis, J. E. Miller, J. L.M. Morgan, D. R. Notter, B. M. Murdoch

Faculty Publications

© 2020 The Authors. Animal Genetics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Stichting International Foundation for Animal Genetics Resistance to gastrointestinal nematodes has previously been shown to be a moderately heritable trait in some breeds of sheep, but the mechanisms of resistance are not well understood. Selection for resistance currently relies upon faecal egg counts (FEC), blood packed cell volumes and FAMACHA visual indicator scores of anaemia. Identifying genomic markers associated with disease resistance would potentially improve the selection process and provide a more reliable means of classifying and understanding the biology behind resistant and susceptible …

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Health In Preconception, Pregnancy And Postpartum Global Alliance: International Network Pregnancy Priorities For The Prevention Of Maternal Obesity And Related Pregnancy And Long-Term Complications, Briony Hill, Helen Skouteris, Jacqueline A. Boyle, Cate Bailey, Ruth Walker, Shakila Thangaratinam, Hildrun Sundseth, Judith Stephenson, Eric Steegers, Leanne M. Redman, Cynthia Montanaro, Siew Lim, Laura Jorgensen, Brian Jack, Ana Luiza Vilela Borges, Heidi J. Bergmeier, Jo Anna B. Baxter, Cheryce L. Harrison, Helena J. Teede Mar 2020

Health In Preconception, Pregnancy And Postpartum Global Alliance: International Network Pregnancy Priorities For The Prevention Of Maternal Obesity And Related Pregnancy And Long-Term Complications, Briony Hill, Helen Skouteris, Jacqueline A. Boyle, Cate Bailey, Ruth Walker, Shakila Thangaratinam, Hildrun Sundseth, Judith Stephenson, Eric Steegers, Leanne M. Redman, Cynthia Montanaro, Siew Lim, Laura Jorgensen, Brian Jack, Ana Luiza Vilela Borges, Heidi J. Bergmeier, Jo Anna B. Baxter, Cheryce L. Harrison, Helena J. Teede

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

In this article, we describe the process of establishing agreed international pregnancy research priorities to address the global issues of unhealthy lifestyles and rising maternal obesity. We focus specifically on the prevention of maternal obesity to improve related clinical pregnancy and long-term complications. A team of multidisciplinary, international experts in preconception and pregnancy health, including consumers, were invited to form the Health in Preconception, Pregnancy and Postpartum (HiPPP) Global Alliance. As an initial activity, a priority setting process was completed to generate pregnancy research priorities in this field. Research, practice and policy gaps were identified and enhanced through expert and …

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Total Body Skeletal Muscle Mass Estimated By Magnetic Resonance Imaging And Creatine (Methyl-D3) Dilution In Athletes, Tessa E. Morris-Paterson, Stephen A. Stimpson, Ram R. Miller, Matthew E. Barton, Michael S. Leonard, Owen Carmichael, Ken A. Van Someren, Stephen D.R. Harridge Mar 2020

Total Body Skeletal Muscle Mass Estimated By Magnetic Resonance Imaging And Creatine (Methyl-D3) Dilution In Athletes, Tessa E. Morris-Paterson, Stephen A. Stimpson, Ram R. Miller, Matthew E. Barton, Michael S. Leonard, Owen Carmichael, Ken A. Van Someren, Stephen D.R. Harridge

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Creatine dilution (D3-cr) is a technique for estimating total skeletal muscle mass (SMM) with practical utility, but has not been applied in athletic populations where body composition may differ to that in the normal population. This study aimed to assess the agreement between SMM derived from both D3-cr and that obtained from whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 15 male and 5 female national level kayakers (stature: 182.0 ± 13.1 and 170.0 ± 9.0 cm; body mass: 80.6 ± 9.9 and 66.4 ± 6.0 kg; V̇O2peak: 56.5 ± 7.0 and 49.6 ± 4.4 mL kg−1 min−1, mean ± SD). SMM …

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Naringenin Increases Insulin Sensitivity And Metabolic Rate: A Case Study, Navya Murugesan, Kaylee Woodard, Rahul Ramaraju, Frank L. Greenway, Ann A. Coulter, Candida J. Rebello Mar 2020

Naringenin Increases Insulin Sensitivity And Metabolic Rate: A Case Study, Navya Murugesan, Kaylee Woodard, Rahul Ramaraju, Frank L. Greenway, Ann A. Coulter, Candida J. Rebello

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Our studies in primary human adipocytes show that naringenin, a citrus flavonoid, increases oxygen consumption rate and gene expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), glucose transporter type 4, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1β (CPT1β). We investigated the safety of naringenin, its effects on metabolic rate, and blood glucose and insulin responses in a single female subject with diabetes. The subject ingested 150 mg naringenin from an extract of whole oranges standardized to 28% naringenin three times/day for 8 weeks, and maintained her usual food intake. Body weight, resting metabolic rate, respiratory quotient, and blood chemistry panel including glucose, insulin, and safety …

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Postmastectomy Radiotherapy For Left-Sided Breast Cancer Patients: Comparison Of Advanced Techniques, Yibo Xie, Daniel Bourgeois, Beibei Guo, Rui Zhang Mar 2020

Postmastectomy Radiotherapy For Left-Sided Breast Cancer Patients: Comparison Of Advanced Techniques, Yibo Xie, Daniel Bourgeois, Beibei Guo, Rui Zhang

Faculty Publications

Postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) has been shown to improve the overall survival for invasive breast cancer patients, and many advanced radiotherapy technologies were adopted for PMRT. The purpose of our study is to compare various advanced PMRT techniques including fixed-beam intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), non-coplanar volumetric modulated arc therapy (NC-VMAT), multiple arc VMAT (MA-VMAT), and tomotherapy (TOMO). Results of standard VMAT and mixed beam therapy that were published by our group previously were also included in the plan comparisons. Treatment plans were produced for nine PMRT patients previously treated in our clinic. The plans were evaluated based on planning target volume (PTV) …

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The Nbp35/Apbc Homolog Acts As A Nonessential [4fe-4s] Transfer Protein In Methanogenic Archaea, Cuiping Zhao, Zhe Lyu, Feng Long, Taiwo Akinyemi, Kasidet Manakongtreecheep, Dieter Söll, William B. Whitman, David J. Vinyard, Yuchen Liu Mar 2020

The Nbp35/Apbc Homolog Acts As A Nonessential [4fe-4s] Transfer Protein In Methanogenic Archaea, Cuiping Zhao, Zhe Lyu, Feng Long, Taiwo Akinyemi, Kasidet Manakongtreecheep, Dieter Söll, William B. Whitman, David J. Vinyard, Yuchen Liu

Faculty Publications

© 2019 Federation of European Biochemical Societies The nucleotide binding protein 35 (Nbp35)/cytosolic Fe-S cluster deficient 1 (Cfd1)/alternative pyrimidine biosynthetic protein C (ApbC) protein homologs have been identified in all three domains of life. In eukaryotes, the Nbp35/Cfd1 heterocomplex is an essential Fe-S cluster assembly scaffold required for the maturation of Fe-S proteins in the cytosol and nucleus, whereas the bacterial ApbC is an Fe-S cluster transfer protein only involved in the maturation of a specific target protein. Here, we show that the Nbp35/ApbC homolog MMP0704 purified from its native archaeal host Methanococcus maripaludis contains a [4Fe-4S] cluster that can …

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Utilization Of Artificial Neural Network To Explore The Compositional Space Of Hollandite-Structured Materials For Radionuclide Cs Incorporation, Dipta B. Ghosh, Bijaya B. Karki, Jianwei Wang Mar 2020

Utilization Of Artificial Neural Network To Explore The Compositional Space Of Hollandite-Structured Materials For Radionuclide Cs Incorporation, Dipta B. Ghosh, Bijaya B. Karki, Jianwei Wang

Faculty Publications

© 2019 Elsevier B.V. Hollandite with the general formula A2B8O16 is known for its potential to immobilize radionuclide Cs in the tunnel along the z-axis of the crystal structure. The effective Cs incorporation in a hollandite phase with an optimal loading capacity and the long term stability depends significantly on the B-site cations, which, in addition to providing optimal structural compatibility, must ensure the phase's resistance to chemical weathering in an aqueous environment that includes external thermodynamic conditions such as temperature and solution chemistry. Based on the importance of the B-site cations, we explored in detail the possible B-site compositions …

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The Relative Importance Of Local And Regional Processes To Metapopulation Dynamics, Tad A. Dallas, Marjo Saastamoinen, Torsti Schulz, Otso Ovaskainen Mar 2020

The Relative Importance Of Local And Regional Processes To Metapopulation Dynamics, Tad A. Dallas, Marjo Saastamoinen, Torsti Schulz, Otso Ovaskainen

Faculty Publications

© 2019 The Authors. Journal of Animal Ecology © 2019 British Ecological Society Metapopulation dynamics – patch occupancy, colonization and extinction – are the result of complex processes at both local (e.g. environmental conditions) and regional (e.g. spatial arrangement of habitat patches) scales. A large body of work has focused on habitat patch area and connectivity (area-isolation paradigm). However, these approaches often do not incorporate local environmental conditions or fully address how the spatial arrangement of habitat patches (and resulting connectivity) can influence metapopulation dynamics. Here, we utilize long-term data on a classic metapopulation system – the Glanville fritillary butterfly …

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Potential Population Growth Of Melanaphis Sacchari (Zehntner) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Under Six Constant Temperatures On Grain Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor L.), M. F. Souza, J. A. Davis Mar 2020

Potential Population Growth Of Melanaphis Sacchari (Zehntner) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Under Six Constant Temperatures On Grain Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor L.), M. F. Souza, J. A. Davis

Faculty Publications

Sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari Zehntner (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is now widely established in sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (Poaceae), production areas of the USA, and is an important economic pest. To calculate economic thresholds, population growth parameters under varied temperature conditions are needed. However, detailed laboratory studies of temperature effects on the biology and population parameters of M. sacchari since the sorghum outbreak in the US have not been performed previously. Therefore, this study evaluated the response of M. sacchari to 6 different constant temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30, 32, and 35 °C) on sorghum tissue. Aphid development, age-specific survivorship, fecundity, …

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Insect Herbivores Associated With Nymphaea Mexicana (Nymphaeaceae) In Southern United States: Potential Biological Control Agents For South Africa, Megan K. Reid, Julie A. Coetzee, Martin P. Hill, Rodrigo Diaz, Lyn A. Gettys, James P. Cuda, Christopher S. Reid Mar 2020

Insect Herbivores Associated With Nymphaea Mexicana (Nymphaeaceae) In Southern United States: Potential Biological Control Agents For South Africa, Megan K. Reid, Julie A. Coetzee, Martin P. Hill, Rodrigo Diaz, Lyn A. Gettys, James P. Cuda, Christopher S. Reid

Faculty Publications

Nymphaea mexicana Zuccarini (Nymphaeaceae) (Mexican waterlily) is an emergent floating-leaved aquatic plant from the southeastern USA that is invasive in South Africa. In invaded waterbodies this plant restricts water movement, increases siltation, decreases recreational activities, and can deplete water oxygen levels, which in turn negatively impacts aquatic fauna. Currently there are no chemical, mechanical, or biological control programs in place for N. mexicana in South Africa, but the sustainability of biological control makes this the most desirable option. Field surveys for potential biological control agents were conducted in the native range of N. mexicana in Florida, Louisiana, and Texas from …

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Gnrh As A Neuromodulator In Midbrain Sensory Regions During The Female Cichlid Reproductive Cycle, Mark Anthony Maier Ii Mar 2020

Gnrh As A Neuromodulator In Midbrain Sensory Regions During The Female Cichlid Reproductive Cycle, Mark Anthony Maier Ii

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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A Target Enrichment Bait Set For Studying Relationships Among Ostariophysan Fishes, Brant C. Faircloth, Fernando Alda, Kendra Hoekzema, Michael D. Burns, Claudio Oliveira, James S. Albert, Bruno F. Melo, Luz E. Ochoa, Fábio F. Roxo, Prosanta Chakrabarty, Brian L. Sidlauskas, Michael E. Alfaro Mar 2020

A Target Enrichment Bait Set For Studying Relationships Among Ostariophysan Fishes, Brant C. Faircloth, Fernando Alda, Kendra Hoekzema, Michael D. Burns, Claudio Oliveira, James S. Albert, Bruno F. Melo, Luz E. Ochoa, Fábio F. Roxo, Prosanta Chakrabarty, Brian L. Sidlauskas, Michael E. Alfaro

Faculty Publications

© 2020 by the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists. Target enrichment of conserved nuclear loci has helped reconstruct evolutionary relationships among a wide variety of species. While there are preexisting bait sets to enrich a few hundred loci across all fishes or a thousand loci from acanthomorph fishes, no bait set exists to enrich large numbers (>1,000 loci) of ultraconserved nuclear loci from ostariophysans, the second largest actinopterygian superorder. In this study, we describe how we designed a bait set to enrich 2,708 ultraconserved nuclear loci from ostariophysan fishes by combining an existing genome assembly with low coverage …

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Carbonized Cellulose Nanofibers As Dielectric Heat Sources For Microwave Annealing 3d Printed Pla Composite, Ju Dong, Xingyan Huang, Pranjali Muley, Tongyao Wu, Mohamad Barekati-Goudarzi, Zhengjie Tang, Meichun Li, Sunyoung Lee, Dorin Boldor, Qinglin Wu Mar 2020

Carbonized Cellulose Nanofibers As Dielectric Heat Sources For Microwave Annealing 3d Printed Pla Composite, Ju Dong, Xingyan Huang, Pranjali Muley, Tongyao Wu, Mohamad Barekati-Goudarzi, Zhengjie Tang, Meichun Li, Sunyoung Lee, Dorin Boldor, Qinglin Wu

Faculty Publications

Filament fused fabrication (FFF) is an extrusion-based 3D printing technology for manufacturing thermoplastic components. One major obstacle facing 3D printed thermoplastic material is the reduced crystallinity resulting from a fast quench when material exiting the 3D printer hot nozzle solidifies quickly at the low-temperature platform, leading to weak mechanical performance. Here, we report an accelerated annealing strategy with the assistance of microwave heating, aiming to enhance crystallinity and mechanical performance of FFF 3D printed polylactic acid (PLA) composite. We selected naturally abundant cellulose fibers as precursors for producing carbonized cellulose nanofibers (CCNFs), and compounded CCNFs with PLA to produce bi-component …

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Fgf21 And The Physiological Regulation Of Macronutrient Preference, Cristal M. Hill, Emily Qualls-Creekmore, Hans Rudolf Berthoud, Paul Soto, Sangho Yu, David H. Mcdougal, Heike Münzberg, Christopher D. Morrison Mar 2020

Fgf21 And The Physiological Regulation Of Macronutrient Preference, Cristal M. Hill, Emily Qualls-Creekmore, Hans Rudolf Berthoud, Paul Soto, Sangho Yu, David H. Mcdougal, Heike Münzberg, Christopher D. Morrison

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

The ability to respond to variations in nutritional status depends on regulatory systems that monitor nutrient intake and adaptively alter metabolism and feeding behavior during nutrient restriction. There is ample evidence that the restriction of water, sodium, or energy intake triggers adaptive responses that conserve existing nutrient stores and promote the ingestion of the missing nutrient, and that these homeostatic responses are mediated, at least in part, by nutritionally regulated hormones acting within the brain. This review highlights recent research that suggests that the metabolic hormone fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) acts on the brain to homeostatically alter macronutrient preference. …

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Why Are Children Different In Their Moderate-To-Vigorous Physical Activity Levels? A Multilevel Analysis, Sara Pereira, Ana Reyes, Marcos A. Moura-Dos-Santos, Carla Santos, Thayse N. Gomes, Go Tani, Olga Vasconcelos, Tiago V. Barreira, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, José Maia Mar 2020

Why Are Children Different In Their Moderate-To-Vigorous Physical Activity Levels? A Multilevel Analysis, Sara Pereira, Ana Reyes, Marcos A. Moura-Dos-Santos, Carla Santos, Thayse N. Gomes, Go Tani, Olga Vasconcelos, Tiago V. Barreira, Peter T. Katzmarzyk, José Maia

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Objective: Children's differences in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity levels are not at random. This study investigates the relevance of individual- and school-level characteristics in explaining these differences. Methods: In total, 307 children (154 girls) aged 5–10 years, from 19 Portuguese schools, were sampled. Height and weight were measured, and body mass index was calculated. Time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was measured by accelerometry. Gross motor coordination was assessed with the KörperkoordinationsTest für Kinder battery and socio-economic status was obtained via the school social support system. School characteristics were obtained with an objective school audit. A multilevel analysis was used as …

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Spatial And Pregnancy-Related Changes In The Protein, Amino Acid, And Carbohydrate Composition Of Bovine Oviduct Fluid, Beatriz Rodríguez-Alonso, Veronica Maillo, Omar Salvador Acuña, Rebeca López-Úbeda, Alejandro Torrecillas, Constantine A. Simintiras, Roger Sturmey, Manuel Avilés, Patrick Lonergan, Dimitrios Rizos Mar 2020

Spatial And Pregnancy-Related Changes In The Protein, Amino Acid, And Carbohydrate Composition Of Bovine Oviduct Fluid, Beatriz Rodríguez-Alonso, Veronica Maillo, Omar Salvador Acuña, Rebeca López-Úbeda, Alejandro Torrecillas, Constantine A. Simintiras, Roger Sturmey, Manuel Avilés, Patrick Lonergan, Dimitrios Rizos

Faculty Publications

Knowledge of how the biochemical composition of the bovine oviduct is altered due to the oviduct anatomy or the presence of an embryo is lacking. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of (І) oviduct anatomy and (ІІ) embryo presence on oviductal fluid (OF) protein, amino acid, and carbohydrate composition. Cross-bred beef heifers (n = 19) were synchronized and those in standing estrus were randomly allocated to a cyclic (non-bred) or pregnant (artificially inseminated) group. All heifers were slaughtered on Day 3 after estrus. The oviducts ipsilateral to the corpus luteum from each animal were isolated, …

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The 21st Century Agriculture: When Rice Research Draws Attention To Climate Variability And How Weedy Rice And Underutilized Grains Come In Handy, Noraikim Mohd Hanafiah, Muhamad Shakirin Mispan, Phaik Eem Lim, Niranjan Baisakh, Acga Cheng Mar 2020

The 21st Century Agriculture: When Rice Research Draws Attention To Climate Variability And How Weedy Rice And Underutilized Grains Come In Handy, Noraikim Mohd Hanafiah, Muhamad Shakirin Mispan, Phaik Eem Lim, Niranjan Baisakh, Acga Cheng

Faculty Publications

Rice, the first crop to be fully sequenced and annotated in the mid-2000s, is an excellent model species for crop research due mainly to its relatively small genome and rich genetic diversity. The 130-million-year-old cereal came into the limelight in the 1960s when the semi-dwarfing gene sd-1, better known as the “green revolution” gene, resulted in the establishment of a high-yielding semi-dwarf variety IR8. Deemed as the miracle rice, IR8 saved millions of lives and revolutionized irrigated rice farming particularly in the tropics. The technology, however, spurred some unintended negative consequences, especially in prompting ubiquitous monoculture systems that increase agricultural …

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Seasonal Population Patterns Of A New Scale Pest, Acanthococcus Lagerstroemiae Kuwana (Hemiptera: Sternorrhynca: Eriococcidae), Of Crapemyrtles Intexas, Louisiana, And Arkansas, Erfan Vafaie, Michael Merchant, Cai Xiaoya, John D. Hopkins, James A. Robbins, Yan Chen, Mengmeng Gu Mar 2020

Seasonal Population Patterns Of A New Scale Pest, Acanthococcus Lagerstroemiae Kuwana (Hemiptera: Sternorrhynca: Eriococcidae), Of Crapemyrtles Intexas, Louisiana, And Arkansas, Erfan Vafaie, Michael Merchant, Cai Xiaoya, John D. Hopkins, James A. Robbins, Yan Chen, Mengmeng Gu

Faculty Publications

The crapemyrtle bark scale, Acanthococcus lagerstroemiae, is an invasive scale insect pest of crapemyrtles. Crawler populations were monitored using double-sided sticky tape on established crapemyrtle trees in Tyler (TX), Huntsville (TX), Dallas (TX), College Station (TX), Shreveport (LA), and Little Rock (AR) from 2015-2017 to determine crawler activity and determine if degree-day models could predict the first peak in crawler activity. Difference in crawler densities on upper and lower branches of trees was also determined by using double-sided sticky tapes. The first peak in crapemyrtle bark scale crawler activity was between March 26th and May 22nd across all locations and …

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Pollen Placement On Petals, Kyle E. Harms Mar 2020

Pollen Placement On Petals, Kyle E. Harms

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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The White-Black Disparity In Maternal Mortality And Morbidity: An Evaluation Of Risk Factors, Ann Gilbert Mar 2020

The White-Black Disparity In Maternal Mortality And Morbidity: An Evaluation Of Risk Factors, Ann Gilbert

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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Testing The Interaction Between The Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Regulator And Anoctamin 1 In Amacrine Cells Of Gallus Gallus Retinas, Hailey Danielle Simpson Mar 2020

Testing The Interaction Between The Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Regulator And Anoctamin 1 In Amacrine Cells Of Gallus Gallus Retinas, Hailey Danielle Simpson

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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Investigating The Origins Of Facultative Heterotrophy In Cyanobacteria, Emily A. Brown Mar 2020

Investigating The Origins Of Facultative Heterotrophy In Cyanobacteria, Emily A. Brown

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

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Ecogeomorphic Evolution Of Muddy Coastlines: How Biota On A Range Of Scales, From Microscopic Biofilms To Landscape-Scale Vegetation Zonation Patterns, Interact With Physical Processes, Kendall Cole Feb 2020

Ecogeomorphic Evolution Of Muddy Coastlines: How Biota On A Range Of Scales, From Microscopic Biofilms To Landscape-Scale Vegetation Zonation Patterns, Interact With Physical Processes, Kendall Cole

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Coastal wetland ecosystems are inherently interdisciplinary; in these spaces, the physical forces of wind and water meet to interact with stabilizing and fortifying vegetation and biota, as well as mud. The combination of these factors build and sustain wetland ecosystems and without the complex feedbacks, they would cease to exist. In this dissertation, I present three studies that focus on ecogeomorphic interactions within coastal wetlands on a range of scales, from microscopic to the entire landscape and highlight the importance of these interactions when predicting future coastal change. The first study examined how biofilms, matrixes of photosynthetic diatoms and their …

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Improving Ocr Accuracy Of Damaged Pictures With Generative Adversarial Networks, Pu Du Feb 2020

Improving Ocr Accuracy Of Damaged Pictures With Generative Adversarial Networks, Pu Du

LSU Master's Theses

In this thesis, we focus on resolving the inpainting problem and improving Optical Character Recognition (OCR) accuracy of damaged text images at character level. We present a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)-based model conditioned on class labels for image inpainting. This model is a deep convolutional neural network with encoder-decoder style architecture which can process images with holes at random locations. Experiments on the character images dataset demonstrate that our proposed model generates promising inpainting results and significantly improve OCR accuracy by reconstructing missing parts of damaged character images.

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Role Of Coastal Environmental Conditions During Austral Winter On Plankton Community Dynamics And The Occurrence Of Pseudo-Nitzschia Spp. And Domoic Acid In Inhambane Province, Mozambique, Holly Kelchner Feb 2020

Role Of Coastal Environmental Conditions During Austral Winter On Plankton Community Dynamics And The Occurrence Of Pseudo-Nitzschia Spp. And Domoic Acid In Inhambane Province, Mozambique, Holly Kelchner

LSU Master's Theses

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are increasing globally in frequency, persistence, and geographic extent. HABs pose a threat to economic stability, and ecosystem and human health. To date no incidences of marine toxins produced by phytoplankton have been recorded in Mozambique, which may be due to the absence of a monitoring program and general awareness of the potential threat. This study is the first documentation of the occurrence of a neurotoxin, domoic acid (DA), produced by the diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia spp. along the east coast of Africa. The coast of Inhambane Province is a biodiversity hotspot where year-round Rhincodon typus (whale …

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Restored Freshwater Flow And Estuarine Benthic Communities In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico: Research Trends And Future Needs, Jillian C. Tupitza, Cassandra N. Glaspie Feb 2020

Restored Freshwater Flow And Estuarine Benthic Communities In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico: Research Trends And Future Needs, Jillian C. Tupitza, Cassandra N. Glaspie

Faculty Publications

Restoring river connectivity to rebuild and sustain land is a promising restoration strategy in coastal areas experiencing rapid land loss, such as the Mississippi river delta. Results of these large-scale hydrologic changes are preliminary, and there exists limited empirical evidence regarding how benthic communities will respond, specifically in Barataria Bay and Breton Sound in southeast Louisiana. In this review, the body of existing research in this geographic region pertaining to the drivers of benthic community response that are related to restored freshwater flow and sediment deposition is examined. Overall trends include (1) potential displacement of some species down-estuary due to …

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Assessment Of Soil Protein And Refractory Soil Organic Matter Across Two Chronosequences Of Newly Developing Marshes In Coastal Louisiana, Usa, Stuart Alexander Mcclellan Feb 2020

Assessment Of Soil Protein And Refractory Soil Organic Matter Across Two Chronosequences Of Newly Developing Marshes In Coastal Louisiana, Usa, Stuart Alexander Mcclellan

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The impacts of sea-level rise and hydrologic manipulation are threatening the stability of coastal marshes throughout the world, thereby increasing the potential for re-mineralization of soil organic matter (SOM) in these systems. Such threats have prompted marsh restoration efforts, particularly in coastal Louisiana, yet it is unclear how the slowly decomposing (refractory) and quickly decomposing (labile) fractions of SOM may be differentially affected by different approaches to marsh restoration. Additionally, otherwise labile compounds may accumulate in the soil via a range of protective mechanisms, including rapid burial and association with organic compounds that are thought to enhance soil aggregation, such …

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A Randomized Controlled Trial To Reduce Sedentary Time In Rheumatoid Arthritis: Protocol And Rationale Of The Take A Stand For Health Study, Ana Jessica Pinto, Tiago Peçanha, Kamila Meireles, Fabiana Braga Benatti, Karina Bonfiglioli, Ana Lúcia De Sá Pinto, Fernanda Rodrigues Lima, Rosa Maria Rodrigues Pereira, Maria Claudia Costa Irigoyen, James Edward Turner, John P. Kirwan, Neville Owen, David W. Dunstan, Hamilton Roschel, Bruno Gualano Feb 2020

A Randomized Controlled Trial To Reduce Sedentary Time In Rheumatoid Arthritis: Protocol And Rationale Of The Take A Stand For Health Study, Ana Jessica Pinto, Tiago Peçanha, Kamila Meireles, Fabiana Braga Benatti, Karina Bonfiglioli, Ana Lúcia De Sá Pinto, Fernanda Rodrigues Lima, Rosa Maria Rodrigues Pereira, Maria Claudia Costa Irigoyen, James Edward Turner, John P. Kirwan, Neville Owen, David W. Dunstan, Hamilton Roschel, Bruno Gualano

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Background: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis spend most of their daily hours in sedentary behavior (sitting), a predisposing factor to poor health-related outcomes and all-cause mortality. Interventions focused on reducing sedentary time could be of novel therapeutic relevance. However, studies addressing this topic remain scarce. We aim to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of a newly developed intervention focused on reducing sedentary time, and potential clinical, physiological, metabolic and molecular effects in rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: The Take a STAND for Health study is a 4-month, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial, in which postmenopausal patients with rheumatoid arthritis will set individually tailored, progressive …

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