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Genetic Associations At 53 Loci Highlight Cell Types And Biological Pathways Relevant For Kidney Function, Cristian Pattaro, Alexander Teumer, Mathias Gorski, Audrey Y. Chu, Man Li, Vladan Mijatovic, Maija Garnaas, Adrienne Tin, Rossella Sorice, Yong Li, Daniel Taliun, Matthias Olden, Meredith Foster, Qiong Yang, Ming Huei Chen, Tune H. Pers, Andrew D. Johnson, Yi An Ko, Christian Fuchsberger, Bamidele Tayo, Michael Nalls, Mary F. Feitosa, Aaron Isaacs, Abbas Dehghan, Pio D'Adamo, Adebowale Adeyemo, Aida Karina Dieffenbach, Alan B. Zonderman, Ilja M. Nolte, Peter J. Van Der Most, Alan F. Wright, Alan R. Shuldiner, Alanna C. Morrison Jan 2016

Genetic Associations At 53 Loci Highlight Cell Types And Biological Pathways Relevant For Kidney Function, Cristian Pattaro, Alexander Teumer, Mathias Gorski, Audrey Y. Chu, Man Li, Vladan Mijatovic, Maija Garnaas, Adrienne Tin, Rossella Sorice, Yong Li, Daniel Taliun, Matthias Olden, Meredith Foster, Qiong Yang, Ming Huei Chen, Tune H. Pers, Andrew D. Johnson, Yi An Ko, Christian Fuchsberger, Bamidele Tayo, Michael Nalls, Mary F. Feitosa, Aaron Isaacs, Abbas Dehghan, Pio D'Adamo, Adebowale Adeyemo, Aida Karina Dieffenbach, Alan B. Zonderman, Ilja M. Nolte, Peter J. Van Der Most, Alan F. Wright, Alan R. Shuldiner, Alanna C. Morrison

Faculty Publications

Reduced glomerular filtration rate defines chronic kidney disease and is associated with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), combining data across 133,413 individuals with replication in up to 42,166 individuals. We identify 24 new and confirm 29 previously identified loci. Of these 53 loci, 19 associate with eGFR among individuals with diabetes. Using bioinformatics, we show that identified genes at eGFR loci are enriched for expression in kidney tissues and in pathways relevant for kidney development and transmembrane transporter activity, kidney structure, and regulation of glucose metabolism. Chromatin …

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Examination Of Commercially Available Copper Oxide Wire Particles In Combination With Albendazole For Control Of Gastrointestinal Nematodes In Lambs, J. M. Burke, J. E. Miller, T. H. Terrill, E. Smyth, M. Acharya Jan 2016

Examination Of Commercially Available Copper Oxide Wire Particles In Combination With Albendazole For Control Of Gastrointestinal Nematodes In Lambs, J. M. Burke, J. E. Miller, T. H. Terrill, E. Smyth, M. Acharya

Faculty Publications

© 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V. Control of gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) remains a critical issue due to the prevalence of anthelmintic resistance. The objective of the experiment was to determine the efficacy of copper oxide wire particles (COWP) from three commercial sources and a combination of COWP and albendazole to control GIN and/or Haemonchus contortus in lambs. Naturally infected Katahdin lambs in early June 2014 and 2015 were randomly assigned to receive no COWP (CON; n = 9 and 12) or 2 g COWP in a gel capsule as Copasure® (COP; n = 4 and 17; Animax Ltd.), copper oxide-wire …

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Seasonal Physiological Dynamics Of Maturing Female Southern Flounder (Paralichthys Lethostigma), Casey A. Grieshaber, Stephen R. Midway, Frederick S. Scharf, Heather Koopman, J. Adam Luckenbach, Mollie A. Middleton Jan 2016

Seasonal Physiological Dynamics Of Maturing Female Southern Flounder (Paralichthys Lethostigma), Casey A. Grieshaber, Stephen R. Midway, Frederick S. Scharf, Heather Koopman, J. Adam Luckenbach, Mollie A. Middleton

Faculty Publications

Physiological information is rarely used in descriptions of maturity for managed, wild fish species; however, the use of physiological data holds great promise to provide important detail on the complexities of oocyte development and maturity. Investigating southern flounder (Paralichthys lethostigma)—an overfished commercial and recreational fishery resource—we examined pre-spawn physiological changes in females to provide further detail of the maturation process. Given that adults of this species complete maturation and spawn in unknown offshore locations, information on pre-spawn physiological changes is particularly informative for both size- and age-based patterns of maturity. We evaluated seasonal and ontogenetic changes in hormone concentrations in …

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Urban Microbiomes And Urban Agriculture: What Are The Connections And Why Should We Care?, Gary M. King Jan 2016

Urban Microbiomes And Urban Agriculture: What Are The Connections And Why Should We Care?, Gary M. King

Faculty Publications

© Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2016. A large percentage (~50 %) of the global human population lives in urban systems. The transition from largely rural to urban lifestyles began gradually, but has accelerated. Given the magnitude of anthropogenic changes in the Earth system as a whole and concerns about resource availability and continued population growth, questions about the sustainability of urban systems have become a focal point for a variety of research and civic efforts, including programs promoting urban agriculture as a means to provide local food sources and to better manage critical nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. The …

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Modulation Of Il-27 In Adipocytes During Inflammatory Stress, Heesun Nam, Bradley S. Ferguson, Jacqueline M. Stephens, Ron F. Morrison Jan 2016

Modulation Of Il-27 In Adipocytes During Inflammatory Stress, Heesun Nam, Bradley S. Ferguson, Jacqueline M. Stephens, Ron F. Morrison

Faculty Publications

© 2015 The Obesity Society. Objective While it is well established that adipose tissue-derived inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenic mechanisms linking obesity with metabolic dysfunction, the inflammatory mediators involved have not been fully elucidated. Here, we explored IL-12 family cytokines with a focus on IL-27 during obesity-induced inflammation in mice and cultured adipocytes (ADs) following exposure to inflammatory stimuli. Methods Relative mRNA abundance of IL-12 cytokines was assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in genetically obese B6-ob/ob mice as well as C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet and in ADs following exposure to inflammatory stimuli. …

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Faculty Senate Newsletter, January 2016, Louisiana State University And Agricultural & Mechanical College Jan 2016

Faculty Senate Newsletter, January 2016, Louisiana State University And Agricultural & Mechanical College

LSU Faculty Senate Publications

Message from President: A favorite adage among philanthropically minded people holds that “it’s the people who matter,” that other concerns, whether politics or organizational structure or financing, may re-route the road to success or failure but that character and devotion ultimately determine outcomes. The notion that anyone with “heart” may succeed anywhere and under any circumstances may have a sentimental appeal, but even zeal and commitment must work in or against some sort of structure. Paradoxically, Louisiana decision-makers like the idea that clever people, especially youngsters, can break down any barrier even at the same time that they also adore …

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Biology And Management Of The Mexican Rice Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) In Rice In The United States, J. M. Beuzelin, B. E. Wilson, M. T. Vanweelden, A. Mészáros, M. O. Way, M. J. Stout, T. E. Reagan Jan 2016

Biology And Management Of The Mexican Rice Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) In Rice In The United States, J. M. Beuzelin, B. E. Wilson, M. T. Vanweelden, A. Mészáros, M. O. Way, M. J. Stout, T. E. Reagan

Faculty Publications

© The Author, 2016. The Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftini (Dyar), is an invasive pest of rice, Oryza sativa L., in the Gulf Coast region of the United States. This pest also damages sugarcane, Saccharum spp. hybrids; corn, Zea mays L.; and sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, and feeds on weedy noncrop grasses. Multiple aspects of integrated pest management including use of pheromone traps, manipulation of planting dates, harvest cutting height, stubble management, noncrop host management, soil fertility management, host plant resistance, use of insecticides, and biological control have been studied for Mexican rice borer management. However, the current management …

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Impact Of Remittance On Food Security In Bangladesh, Madhav Regmi, Krishna P. Paudel Jan 2016

Impact Of Remittance On Food Security In Bangladesh, Madhav Regmi, Krishna P. Paudel

Faculty Publications

© 2016 by Emerald Group Publishing Limited All rights reserved. Purpose - The purpose of this chapter is to assess the food security situation in Bangladesh based on 2011/2012 Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey data using two commonly measured food security indicators: Food Consumption Score (FCS) and Household Hunger Scale (HHS). Methodology/approach - The dependent variable in the model is a categorical variable representing different scales of food security as obtained from the FCS and HHS indicators. These categorical variables are explained by annual remittances received by the households; the demographic characteristics (age, gender, literacy level, and occupation) of the household …

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Louisiana Agriculture Winter, 2016 Jan 2016

Louisiana Agriculture Winter, 2016

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

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A Member Of The Phosphate Transporter 1 (Pht1) Family From The Arsenic-Hyperaccumulating Fern Pteris Vittata Is A High-Affinity Arsenate Transporter, Sandra Feuer Ditusa, Elena B. Fontenot, Robert W. Wallace, Molly A. Silvers, Thomas N. Steele, Alia H. Elnagar, Kelsey M. Dearman, Aaron P. Smith Jan 2016

A Member Of The Phosphate Transporter 1 (Pht1) Family From The Arsenic-Hyperaccumulating Fern Pteris Vittata Is A High-Affinity Arsenate Transporter, Sandra Feuer Ditusa, Elena B. Fontenot, Robert W. Wallace, Molly A. Silvers, Thomas N. Steele, Alia H. Elnagar, Kelsey M. Dearman, Aaron P. Smith

Faculty Publications

© 2015 New Phytologist Trust. Pteris vittata exhibits enhanced arsenic uptake, but the corresponding mechanisms are not well known. The prevalent form of arsenic in most soils is arsenate, which is a phosphate analog and a substrate for Phosphate transporter 1 (Pht1) transporters. Herein we identify and characterize three P. vittata Pht1 transporters. Pteris vittata Pht1 cDNAs were isolated and characterized via heterologous expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) and Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Expression of the PvPht1 loci in P. vittata gametophytes was also examined in response to phosphate deficiency and arsenate exposure. Expression of each of the PvPht1 cDNAs complemented …

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Pteridine Levels And Head Weights Are Correlated With Age And Colony Task In The Honey Bee, Apis Mellifera, Frank D. Rinkevich, Joseph W. Margotta, Jean M. Pittman, James A. Ottea, Kristen B. Healy Jan 2016

Pteridine Levels And Head Weights Are Correlated With Age And Colony Task In The Honey Bee, Apis Mellifera, Frank D. Rinkevich, Joseph W. Margotta, Jean M. Pittman, James A. Ottea, Kristen B. Healy

Faculty Publications

Background. The age of an insect strongly influences many aspects of behavior and reproduction. The interaction of age and behavior is epitomized in the temporal polyethism of honey bees in which young adult bees perform nurse and maintenance duties within the colony, while older bees forage for nectar and pollen. Task transition is dynamic and driven by colony needs. However, an abundance of precocious foragers or overage nurses may have detrimental effects on the colony. Additionally, honey bee age affects insecticide sensitivity. Therefore, determining the age of a set of individual honey bees would be an important measurement of colony …

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Lsu General Catalog 2016-2017, Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College Jan 2016

Lsu General Catalog 2016-2017, Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College

LSU General Catalog

The LSU General Catalog describes all undergraduate and graduate departments and programs with degree requirements and courses offered for each one. The LSU General Catalog includes information on registration and financial aid as well as academic services offered to all students.

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Cognitive Phenotypes And The Evolution Of Animal Decisions, Tamra C. Mendelson, Courtney L. Fitzpatrick, Mark E. Hauber, Charles H. Pence, Rafael L. Rodríguez, Rebecca J. Safran, Caitlin A. Stern, Jeffrey R. Stevens Jan 2016

Cognitive Phenotypes And The Evolution Of Animal Decisions, Tamra C. Mendelson, Courtney L. Fitzpatrick, Mark E. Hauber, Charles H. Pence, Rafael L. Rodríguez, Rebecca J. Safran, Caitlin A. Stern, Jeffrey R. Stevens

Faculty Publications

Despite the clear fitness consequences of animal decisions, the science of animal decision making in evolutionary biology is underdeveloped compared with decision science in human psychology. Specifically, the field lacks a conceptual framework that defines and describes the relevant components of a decision, leading to imprecise language and concepts. The ‘judgment and decision-making’ (JDM) framework in human psychology is a powerful tool for framing and understanding human decisions, and we apply it here to components of animal decisions, which we refer to as ‘cognitive phenotypes’. We distinguish multiple cognitive phenotypes in the context of a JDM framework and highlight empirical …

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Cryopreservation In Fish: Current Status And Pathways To Quality Assurance And Quality Control In Repository Development, Leticia Torres, E. Hu, Terrence R. Tiersch Jan 2016

Cryopreservation In Fish: Current Status And Pathways To Quality Assurance And Quality Control In Repository Development, Leticia Torres, E. Hu, Terrence R. Tiersch

Faculty Publications

Cryopreservation in aquatic species in general has been constrained to research activities for more than 60 years. Although the need for application and commercialisation pathways has become clear, the lack of comprehensive quality assurance and quality control programs has impeded the progress of the field, delaying the establishment of germplasm repositories and commercial-scale applications. In this review we focus on the opportunities for standardisation in the practices involved in the four main stages of the cryopreservation process: (1) source, housing and conditioning of fish; (2) sample collection and preparation; (3) freezing and cryogenic storage of samples; and (4) egg collection …

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Microbial Mat Communities Along An Oxygen Gradient In A Perennially Ice-Covered Antarctic Lake, Anne D. Jungblut, Ian Hawes, Tyler J. Mackey, Megan Krusor, Peter T. Doran, Dawn Y. Sumner, Jonathan A. Eisen, Colin Hillman, Alexander K. Goroncy Jan 2016

Microbial Mat Communities Along An Oxygen Gradient In A Perennially Ice-Covered Antarctic Lake, Anne D. Jungblut, Ian Hawes, Tyler J. Mackey, Megan Krusor, Peter T. Doran, Dawn Y. Sumner, Jonathan A. Eisen, Colin Hillman, Alexander K. Goroncy

Faculty Publications

© 2016, American Society for Microbiology. Lake Fryxell is a perennially ice-covered lake in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, with a sharp oxycline in a water column that is density stabilized by a gradient in salt concentration. Dissolved oxygen falls from 20 mg liter-1 to undetectable over one vertical meter from 8.9-to 9.9-m depth. We provide the first description of the benthic mat community that falls within this oxygen gradient on the sloping floor of the lake, using a combination of micro- and macroscopic morphological descriptions, pigment analysis, and 16S rRNA gene bacterial community analysis. Our work focused on three …

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Influence Of Fertilizer Source And Irrigation Regimen On Containerized Production Of Coleus (Plectranthus Scutellarioides (L.) Codd) 'Solar Sunrise' And Management Of Bermudagrass (Cynodon Dactylon (L.) Pers. X C. Transvaalensis Burtt-Davy) 'Tifway', Kayla Renee Sanders Jan 2016

Influence Of Fertilizer Source And Irrigation Regimen On Containerized Production Of Coleus (Plectranthus Scutellarioides (L.) Codd) 'Solar Sunrise' And Management Of Bermudagrass (Cynodon Dactylon (L.) Pers. X C. Transvaalensis Burtt-Davy) 'Tifway', Kayla Renee Sanders

LSU Master's Theses

Fertilizer nutrient losses through leachate and runoff from excessive irrigation in nursery container production and turfgrass management can be high and have negative environmental impacts. The objective of this research was to examine the influence of fertilizer source and irrigation regimen on nutrient losses during nursery container production and turfgrass management. During the container production of coleus (Plectranthus scutellarioides (L.) Codd) 'Solar Sunrise', four fertilizer treatments: an unfertilized control; a controlled-release (CRF); a water-soluble (WSF); and a combination of 10% WSF and 90% CRF, were incorporated into a pine bark substrate at 0.30 kg N and P·m-3 in 3.7-L containers …

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Evaluation Of Winter Cover Crops On Nutrient Cycling, Soil Quality And Yield For Production Systems In The Mid-South, Ina Iris Sanchez Jan 2016

Evaluation Of Winter Cover Crops On Nutrient Cycling, Soil Quality And Yield For Production Systems In The Mid-South, Ina Iris Sanchez

LSU Master's Theses

The practice of planting cover crops during fallow periods has increased due to the benefits provided to the soil system including improved nutrient cycling, addition of organic matter and a more diverse soil fauna resulting in better crop yield and an overall improvement of soil health. Research has shown that microbial activity is sensitive to changes in management practices and is a good indicator of whether the changes are benefiting the production system. To study the effects of cover type on corn (Zea mays L.) harvest parameters and soil chemical and biological properties a field trial consisting of a split …

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Detection Of Antibiotic Resistance Clostridium Difficile In Lettuce, Yi Han Jan 2016

Detection Of Antibiotic Resistance Clostridium Difficile In Lettuce, Yi Han

LSU Master's Theses

Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is regarded as the major cause of infectious diarrhea in humans after antimicrobial treatment. C. difficile has been reported to be widely isolated from food animals and meat. The main purpose of this study was to characterize C. difficile isolates from retail fresh vegetable (lettuce), test the antibiotic-resistance property using five common clinical-selected antibiotics (metronidazole, vancomycin, clindamycin, erythromycin, and cefotaxime). Lettuces (grown in California, Arkansas, and Louisiana) were purchased from retail stores. Toxigenic C. difficile was isolated from 13.8% (41/297) of the lettuce samples. Among the toxigenic isolates, 82.9% (34/41) only produce toxin B, and 17.1% …

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Meeting Biopsychosocial Needs Of Individuals With Histories Of Multiple Adverse Childhood Experiences, Christine G. Morgan Jan 2016

Meeting Biopsychosocial Needs Of Individuals With Histories Of Multiple Adverse Childhood Experiences, Christine G. Morgan

LSU Master's Theses

According to Felitti and colleagues (1998), a significant portion of the general population has been exposed to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) with subsequent and persistent, dose-related, negative consequences to physical and mental health. Debilitating disturbances to biopsychosocial well-being are significant and frequently lead to fatality in adulthood. After reviewing the prevalence and severity of ACEs, this thesis presents an overview of the literature outlining the biological, social, and psychological factors contributing to the development and progression of disease in the brain and body. Additionally, current trauma-informed interventions are summarized. Three experienced clinicians share practical advice for implementing evidence-based, trauma-informed mental …

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Effect Of Tillage And Fertilization On Agronomics And Nutrient Uptake Of Sweet Sorghum And Soil Test Extractable P And K After Four Years Of A Monocrop Production System, Jifeng Li Jan 2016

Effect Of Tillage And Fertilization On Agronomics And Nutrient Uptake Of Sweet Sorghum And Soil Test Extractable P And K After Four Years Of A Monocrop Production System, Jifeng Li

LSU Master's Theses

Sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] (SS) has been grown in the southern United States to produce syrup for many years. There is an interest in SS as a biofuel feedstock due to its high sugar content and high total biomass. Currently, little is known about the nutrient demand for SS or how it responds to tillage and fertilization. The objectives of this study were to: 1) evaluate the effects of tillage and phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) fertilization on SS agronomics, 2) evaluate nitrogen (N), P, and K uptake and nutrient partitioning in SS, 3) determine P and K …

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The Effect Of Sericea Lespedeza (Lespedeza Cuneata) On Eimeria Spp. Infection In Broiler Chickens, Long Nghi Trinh Jan 2016

The Effect Of Sericea Lespedeza (Lespedeza Cuneata) On Eimeria Spp. Infection In Broiler Chickens, Long Nghi Trinh

LSU Master's Theses

Parasites cause considerable economic losses in all fields of agriculture. In the poultry industry, coccidia infections are of major significance costing billions of dollars every year. Research on condensed tannins (CT) has been shown to be effective against various parasites such as gastrointestinal nematodes and Eimeria spp. in small ruminants. This study tested the effects of the CT containing forage, sericea lespedeza (SL), on broiler chickens infected with live Eimeria spp. oocysts. In Study 1, 300 Ross 708 broiler chicks were divided into 6 groups (negative control, positive control w/BioCox, 0% SL, 5% SL, 10% SL, 15% SL). In Study …

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Developing And Characterization Of Catfish Skin Hydrolysates Including Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Properties, Cesar Augusto Galindo Perez Jan 2016

Developing And Characterization Of Catfish Skin Hydrolysates Including Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Properties, Cesar Augusto Galindo Perez

LSU Master's Theses

Catfish skin (CS) contains considerable amount of protein that may be hydrolyzed enzymatically to generate hydrolysates (CSH) which may have antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The generation of natural compounds with these properties is of special interest to the food industry. The objective of this study was to develop and characterize CSH including antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. CSH were produced from different enzymatic reaction periods using alkaline protease, and their characterization, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and some functional properties were evaluated. A selected CSH was analyzed for peptide composition and partial amino acid sequences. The color analysis showed that darker, more yellow, and …

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Influence Of Silicon On The Development Of Anthracnose Of Grain Sorghum, Sanjay Pokhrel Jan 2016

Influence Of Silicon On The Development Of Anthracnose Of Grain Sorghum, Sanjay Pokhrel

LSU Master's Theses

To study the effect of Silicon (Si) with and without a fungicide on anthracnose development of sorghum, several experiments were conducted in the greenhouse and field. In the initial study, different Si rates [0 (control), 0 (lime control), 200, 400, 600, 800 kg Si/ha] were used in a low-Si Alfisol to determine if inoculum densities were affected by Si levels. No differences were observed between inoculum densities of 1*105 and 1*106 conidia/ml in affecting anthracnose development in the greenhouse. Anthracnose severity was found to be lowest in plants treated with 800 kg Si/ha, regardless of inoculum density. In another study, …

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Developing Agritourism In The Caribbean: Critical Ethnography And Sustainable Landscape Design To Improve The Human Experience At Letan Bossier, Haiti, Kristen Maria Lonon Jan 2016

Developing Agritourism In The Caribbean: Critical Ethnography And Sustainable Landscape Design To Improve The Human Experience At Letan Bossier, Haiti, Kristen Maria Lonon

LSU Master's Theses

The Letan Bossier, Haiti community is in need of continued investment from international agencies, in an effort to improve conditions for locals, along with shaping the experience of the tourist, at and around an attractive natural basin, three miles north-west of Cayes-Jacmel, Haiti, at about 187 meters above sea level. In order to improve one’s journey through this mountainside community to the Grand Basin, capital investments must be made. The goal of the proposed design solutions is to solve for the locals first, in turn, attracting tourists to experience a space that’s supported by its own people. The goal of …

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The Evaluation Of Eprinomectin (Longrange®) On Long-Term Parasitic Infection In Nursing Calves During Summer Grazing®, Lyndsea D. Seibert Jan 2016

The Evaluation Of Eprinomectin (Longrange®) On Long-Term Parasitic Infection In Nursing Calves During Summer Grazing®, Lyndsea D. Seibert

LSU Master's Theses

One of the most significant threats to the well-being and performance of grazing livestock are gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) parasitic infections. Allowing a large GIN burden to manifest can cause a significant cost in terms of productivity in grazing cattle. Beef producers commonly rely greatly on the efficacy of broad-spectrum anthelmintics, to not only kill resident worms but to also prevent the establishment of ingested infective stage larvae (L3) for a period following treatment. Eprinomectin (LONGRANGE®, E-LR) is the first extended-release injectable cattle dewormer that claims to provide cattle producers season-long persistent parasite control for 100 to 150 d in a …

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The Economic Burden Of Gluten-Free Products And The Potential Of Dietary Inhibitors Of Transglutaminase-2, Kristen Kramer Jan 2016

The Economic Burden Of Gluten-Free Products And The Potential Of Dietary Inhibitors Of Transglutaminase-2, Kristen Kramer

LSU Master's Theses

Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated disease of the small intestine caused by the ingestion of gluten. Gluten presents to the intestine largely intact where it is deamidated by Transglutaminase-2 (TG2), increasing affinity for Human Leukocyte Antigen DQ2 (HLA-DQ2) and forming a complex that elicits an inflammatory response ultimately leading to villous atrophy. The only current treatment is strict adherence to a gluten-free diet, though TG2 inhibition is an attractive therapy due its central role in CD pathogenesis. Cocoa contains procyanidin-B2, theobromine and caffeine and may be capable of inhibiting TG2-induced intestinal inflammation and reduce CD symptoms. Procyanidin-B2 rich …

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Microfluidic Device For Motility And Osmolality Analysis Of Zebrafish Sperm, Jacob Ethan Beckham Jan 2016

Microfluidic Device For Motility And Osmolality Analysis Of Zebrafish Sperm, Jacob Ethan Beckham

LSU Master's Theses

An increasing number of laboratories are evaluating sample quality via motility analysis by means of computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) after sperm activation by manual dilution and mixing. Even with the use of CASA, due to user variation, there is a lack of control over the activation process, resulting in inconsistent motility analysis. Low sample volume (~1-2µL), and a short motility duration (burst motility of less than 15s) add to the complexity of these difficulties. The objectives of this study were to develop a microfluidic device with the capabilities to (1) standardize the method of activation for zebrafish sperm so that …

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Developing A Questionnaire To Assess Young Adults' Motivation To Prepare Healthy Foods, Ariana Delong Bailey Jan 2016

Developing A Questionnaire To Assess Young Adults' Motivation To Prepare Healthy Foods, Ariana Delong Bailey

LSU Master's Theses

This study developed a questionnaire to estimate young adults’ motivation to prepare healthy foods based on the psychological needs identified by the Self-Determination Theory. Participants (n=507; mean age 20.2±1.9 years; 63% female) were recruited to complete the questionnaire. Due to incomplete responses, data from 492 individuals were analyzed (63% female). Racial/ethnic representation was 360 (71%) Caucasian, 78 (15%) African American, 25 (5%) Hispanic/Latino, 41 (8%) other/mixed race, and 3 participants who did not indicate race/ethnicity. Participants were asked to indicate the extent to which they agreed or disagreed with 25 statements using a 5-point Likert scale. Statements evaluated the participants’ …

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The Role Of Nadph Oxidase 2 (Nox2) In High-Fat Diet-Induced Adiposopathy And Brain Dysfunction In A Mouse Model, Jennifer Kathleen Pepping Jan 2016

The Role Of Nadph Oxidase 2 (Nox2) In High-Fat Diet-Induced Adiposopathy And Brain Dysfunction In A Mouse Model, Jennifer Kathleen Pepping

LSU Master's Theses

Obesity can have numerous detrimental consequences, namely metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and Alzheimer’s disease. The pathogenesis and physiologic consequences of obesity are unknown, but they are often associated with increased inflammation and oxidative stress in both the body and in the brain. One factor that has been implicated in causing inflammation associated with a high fat diet is the enzyme NADPH oxidase, or NOX, specifically the subunit NOX2. Two studies were performed in order to assess the effects of a high fat diet in combination with a universal NOX2 deficiency and a NOX2 deficiency targeted to …

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Effect Of Increasing Levels Of Dietary Zinc (Zn), Manganese (Mn), And Copper (Cu) From Organic And Inorganic Sources On Egg Quality And Egg Zn, Mn, And Cu Content In Laying Hens, Nancy Katherine Rubio Zapata Jan 2016

Effect Of Increasing Levels Of Dietary Zinc (Zn), Manganese (Mn), And Copper (Cu) From Organic And Inorganic Sources On Egg Quality And Egg Zn, Mn, And Cu Content In Laying Hens, Nancy Katherine Rubio Zapata

LSU Master's Theses

Feeding laying hens or broiler breeder hens organic sources of trace minerals can improve egg quality, especially as related to shell quality. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the effect of increasing laying hen dietary zinc (Zn) levels on the content of Zn and other minerals in eggs (boron (Bo), iron (Fe), and calcium (Ca)), and to evaluate the effect of feeding increasing Zn, manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu) levels from inorganic (ITM) and organic (OTM) sources on egg quality and yolk content of Zn, Mn, and Cu. In the first experiment, a total of 64 (48 weeks …

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