Digital Commons Network^™

Social Media: Good Or Evil?, Prosanta Chakrabarty

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Association Between Time In Range And Cancer Mortality Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study, Yun Shen, Chunfang Wang, Yaxin Wang, Jingyi Lu, Lei Chen, Lei Zhang, Wei Lu, Wei Zhu, Gang Hu, Tian Xia, Jian Zhou

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Background:Little was known about the association among time in range (TIR), time above range (TAR), time below range (TBR), and cancer mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes. We aimed to investigate the association among TIR, TAR, TBR, and the risk of cancer mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods:A total of 6225 patients with type 2 diabetes were prospectively recruited in Shanghai, China. TIR was measured with continuous glucose monitoring at baseline and was defined as the average percentage of time in the target glucose range during a 24 h period. Cox proportion hazard regression analysis was used to …

A Comparative Review Of Peridynamics And Phase-Field Models For Engineering Fracture Mechanics, Patrick Diehl, Robert Lipton, Thomas Wick, Mayank Tyagi

Faculty Publications

Computational modeling of the initiation and propagation of complex fracture is central to the discipline of engineering fracture mechanics. This review focuses on two promising approaches: phase-field (PF) and peridynamic (PD) models applied to this class of problems. The basic concepts consisting of constitutive models, failure criteria, discretization schemes, and numerical analysis are briefly summarized for both models. Validation against experimental data is essential for all computational methods to demonstrate predictive accuracy. To that end, the Sandia Fracture Challenge and similar experimental data sets where both models could be benchmarked against are showcased. Emphasis is made to converge on common …

The Body: Undergraduate Lecture Recital, Cara Ramos

Honors Capstones

No abstract provided.

Docking And Molecular Dynamic Of Microalgae Compounds As Potential Inhibitors Of Beta-Lactamase, Roberto Pestana-Nobles, Yani Aranguren-Diaz, Elwi Machado-Sierra, Juvenal Yosa, Nataly J. Galan-Freyle,, Laura X. Sepulveda-Montano, Daniel G. Kuroda, Leonardo C. Pacheco-Londono

Faculty Publications

Bacterial resistance is responsible for a wide variety of health problems, both in children and adults. The persistence of symptoms and infections are mainly treated with beta-lactam antibiotics. The increasing resistance to those antibiotics by bacterial pathogens generated the emergence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), an actual public health problem. This is due to rapid mutations of bacteria when exposed to antibiotics. In this case, beta-lactamases are enzymes used by bacteria to hydrolyze the beta-lactam rings present in the antibiotics. Therefore, it was necessary to explore novel molecules as potential beta-lactamases inhibitors to find antibacterial compounds against infection caused by ESBLs. …

Geographic Analysis Of Alcohol-Related Crashes In Nine High-Need Louisiana Parishes, Aimee H. Moles, Austin L. Matthews, John K. Aggrey, Leanna B. Cupit

Reports

This report examines nine Louisiana communities and their alcohol availability concerns from a public health perspective. The nine communities are part of The Louisiana Partnership for Success II (LPFS ll), a 5-year Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) grant. The LPFS ll grant is focused exclusively on addressing underage drinking behaviors, consequences, and risk factors among 9 to 20-year-olds in nine high-need, parish-level communities (HNCs) (Louisiana Department of Health [LDH], 2020a). Communities were selected through a data-driven, participatory process and supported to form a cross-sector coalition to implement interventions within those communities. The process for choosing the high-need …

Exercise Reduces The Protein Abundance Of Txnip And Its Interacting Partner Redd1 In Skeletal Muscle: Potential Role For A Pka-Mediated Mechanism, Alec B. Chaves, Edwin R. Miranda, Jacob T. Mey, Brian K. Blackburn, Kelly N.Z. Fuller, Blaise Stearns, Andrew Ludlow, David L. Williamson, Joseph A. Houmard, Jacob M. Haus

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) negatively effects the redox state and growth signaling via its interactions with thioredoxin (TRX) and regulated in development and DNA damage response 1 (REDD1), respectively. TXNIP expression is downregulated by pathways activated during aerobic exercise (AE), via posttranslational modifications (PTMs; serine phosphorylation and ubiquitination). The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of acute AE on TXNIP expression, posttranslational modifications, and its interacting partners, REDD1 and TRX. Fifteen healthy adults performed 30 min of aerobic exercise (80% V_ O2max) with muscle biopsies taken before, immediately following, and 3 h following the exercise bout. To explore …

Is Catalase An Effective Additive To Alleviate Oxidative Stress During Cryopreservation Of Zebrafish Sperm At The Repository Level?, Huiping Yang, E. Hu, Jennifer L. Matthews, Zoltan M. Varga, Terrence R. Tiersch

Faculty Publications

The goal of this study was to investigate whether supplementation of cryoprotective medium with catalase (CAT), an antioxidation enzyme, is efficient for zebrafish sperm cryopreservation from the viewpoint of high-throughput genetic repository operations. Three cryoprotectants (10%, v/v), dimethylacetamide (DMA), dimethylformamide (DMF), and methanol were used. The objectives were to evaluate the effects of CAT on sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity, and concentration for: 1) fresh sperm at equilibration up to 60 min; 2) post-thaw sperm after cooling at 10, 20, and 40 °C/min), and 3) post-thaw fertilization and embryo survival rates. Catalase addition did not improve sperm motility, regardless of …

Effects Of Intermittent Fasting On Cardiometabolic Health: An Energy Metabolism Perspective, Manuel Dote-Montero, Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado, Eric Ravussin

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

This review summarizes the effects of different types of intermittent fasting (IF) on human cardiometabolic health, with a focus on energy metabolism. First, we discuss the coordinated metabolic adaptations (energy expenditure, hormonal changes and macronutrient oxidation) occurring during a 72 h fast. We then discuss studies investigating the effects of IF on cardiometabolic health, energy expenditure and substrate oxidation. Finally, we discuss how IF may be optimized by combining it with exercise. In general, IF regimens improve body composition, ectopic fat, and classic cardiometabolic risk factors, as compared to unrestricted eating, especially in metabolically unhealthy participants. However, it is still …

Critical Issues In Consumer Horticulture: Gaps In Research And Public Gardens’ Involvement In Consumer Horticulture, Sarada Krishnan, Heather Kirk-Ballard, Esther Mcginnis, Lauren Garcia Chance

Faculty Publications

The retail gardening industry in the United States is expected to reach $50 billion by 2023, and it is a significant driver of the agricultural economy. To meet the corresponding demand for information, consumer horticulture (CH) professionals will need to develop innovative digital outreach, research-based solutions, a concerted recruitment of youth, and enhanced collaborations. To understand the current gaps in CH research and the extent of the involvement of public gardens in CH, surveys were conducted among the two groups, CH/ extension researchers and staff of public gardens. The results of the surveys were presented at the virtual conference of …

The Precision Interventions For Severe And/Or Exacerbation-Prone (Precise) Asthma Network: An Overview Of Network Organization, Procedures, And Interventions, Steve N. Georas, Rosalind J. Wright, Anastasia Ivanova, Elliot Israel, Lisa M. Lavange, Praveen Akuthota, Tara F. Carr, Loren C. Denlinger, Merritt L. Fajt, Rajesh Kumar, Wanda K. O'Neal, Wanda Phipatanakul, Stanley J. Szefler, Mark A. Aronica, Leonard B. Bacharier, Allison J. Burbank, Mario Castro, Laura Crotty Alexander, Julie Bamdad, Juan Carlos Cardet, Suzy A.A. Comhair, Ronina A. Covar, Emily A. Dimango, Kim Erwin, Serpil C. Erzurum, John V. Fahy, Jonathan M. Gaffin, Benjamin Gaston, Lynn B. Gerald, Eric A. Hoffman, Fernando Holguin, Daniel J. Jackson, John James, Nizar N. Jarjour

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease, with multiple underlying inflammatory pathways and structural airway abnormalities that impact disease persistence and severity. Recent progress has been made in developing targeted asthma therapeutics, especially for subjects with eosinophilic asthma. However, there is an unmet need for new approaches to treat patients with severe and exacerbation-prone asthma, who contribute disproportionately to disease burden. Extensive deep phenotyping has revealed the heterogeneous nature of severe asthma and identified distinct disease subtypes. A current challenge in the field is to translate new and emerging knowledge about different pathobiologic mechanisms in asthma into patient-specific therapies, with the ultimate …

Assessment Of Eating Behaviors And Perceptions Of Time-Restricted Eating During Pregnancy, Emily W. Flanagan, Maryam Kebbe, Joshua R. Sparks, Leanne M. Redman

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Background: The maternal metabolic milieu is challenged during pregnancy and may result in unwarranted metabolic complications. A time-restricted eating (TRE) pattern may optimize the metabolic response to pregnancy by improving glucose metabolism and reducing circulating glucose concentrations, as it does in nonpregnant individuals. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to 1) assess eating timing in pregnant women; 2) understand the perceptions of adopting a TRE pattern; 3) determine the barriers and support mechanisms for incorporating a TRE pattern; and 4) identify those most willing to adopt a TRE pattern during pregnancy. Methods: This was a cross-sectional quantitative and quasi-qualitative …

Effects Of Catfish (Ictalurus Punctatus) Bone Powder On Consumers’ Liking, Emotions, And Purchase Intent Of Fried Catfish Strips, Silvia Murillo, Ryan Ardoin, Evelyn Watts, Witoon Prinyawiwatkul

Faculty Publications

Catfish are the predominant U.S. aquacultural product. However, byproducts from filleting, including bones that are high in calcium, typically go to waste or are sold as a low-valued feed. This research evaluated the potential use of catfish bone powder (CBP; 21.07% calcium) as a food ingredient. Catfish fillet strips were dredged with a breading mix (CBPM) containing 0% (0CBPM), 10% (10CBPM), and 20% (20CBPM) CBP before frying. Consumers (N = 211) evaluated sensory liking (nine-point hedonic scale) and attribute intensity (JAR scale), emotions (check-all-that-apply), and purchase intent (PI, yes/no) of samples. Color and texture were measured instrumentally. CBP did not …

Interpretation And Inference For Altmetric Indicators Arising From Sparse Data Statistics, Lawrence Smolinsky, Bernhard Klingenberg, Brian D. Marx

Faculty Publications

In 2018 Bornmann and Haunschild (2018a) introduced a new indicator called the Mantel-Haenszel quotient (MHq) to measure alternative metrics (or altmetrics) of scientometric data. In this article we review the Mantel-Haenszel statistics, point out two errors in the literature, and introduce a new indicator. First, we correct the interpretation of MHq and mention that it is still a meaningful indicator. Second, we correct the variance formula for MHq, which leads to narrower confidence intervals. A simulation study shows the superior performance of our variance estimator and confidence intervals. Since MHq does not match its original description in the literature, we …

An Investigation Of How Previous Diagnoses Affect The Developmental Functioning Of Children At Risk For Autism Spectrum Disorder, Michaela Brown

LSU Master's Theses

Research has shown that children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have co-occurring medical and/or psychiatric disorders. This current study aimed to investigate how previous diagnoses, which may become comorbidities of ASD if diagnosed, affect the developmental functioning of children presenting as at risk for ASD compared to those presenting with no risk. Developmental areas such as communication, motor, adaptive, cognitive and social, as well as overall developmental functioning, were considered in the analysis. 11,970 children under the age of three were studied. Results found that the presence of previous diagnoses significantly predicted developmental functioning, particularly in the motor functioning …

Generalized Cost-Effectiveness Of Residential Wind Mitigation Strategies For Wood-Frame, Single Family House In The Usa, Fatemeh Orooji, Carol J. Friedland, Rose Dominic Savio, Arash Taghinezhad, Carol C. Massarra, Nazla Bushra, Robert V. Rohli

Faculty Publications

Wind is one of the deadliest and most expensive hazards in the United States. Wind hazards cause significant damage to buildings and economic losses to homeowners. Economic losses average approximately $3.8 billion annually from hurricane winds and are not decreasing, even despite enhanced construction practices to reduce wind damage. Thus, the effectiveness of mitigation strategies should be evaluated in order to lower the cost incurred by this hazard. Several studies have suggested building code improvements to mitigate the wind hazard, this additional comprehensive research provides selecting economically beneficial mitigation strategies to consider in building code revisions. In a step toward …

A Necessary Shift? A Qualitative Exploration Of Black Women’S Experiences With Altering Self-Presentation For Job Attainment, Dorothy Rachael Kemp

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to explore how Black women describe their experiences with shifting for job attainment, including their perception of identity, and how they interpret and negotiate any outcomes of shifting. The study was guided by the following research questions: (1) How do Black women describe their experiences with shifting for job attainment? (2) How do Black women interpret and negotiate any outcomes of shifting? (3) How do Black women perceive their identity in terms of their experiences with shifting?

Ten participants shared their personal experiences shifting throughout their job attainment process. Each participant self-identified as Black …

Drug Resistance In The Canine Filarial Parasite, Dirofilaria Immitis: Emergence And Clinical Epidemiology In The Lower Mississippi River Alluvial Valley, Cassan Nicole Pulaski

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Strains of Dirofilaria immitis suspected of lack of efficacy (LOE) to macrocyclic lactone (ML) preventive drugs have been increasingly reported in dogs by practicing veterinarians since 2005 in the Lower Mississippi Delta region. If proven, and not controlled in the early stages, the emergence of ML drug resistance threatens to become a widespread problem in the US that may limit the effectiveness of current preventive drug treatment methods. To validate practice reports, a statewide survey of Louisiana veterinarians was done to define the extent of the problem and identify focal ‘hotspots’ of reported ML LOEs using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) …

Interpretable And Anti-Bias Machine Learning Models For Human Event Sequence Data, Zihan Zhou

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Growing volumes and varieties of human event sequence data are available in many applications such as recommender systems, social network, medical diagnosis, and predictive policing. Human event sequence data is usually clustered and exhibits self-exciting properties. Machine learning models especially deep neural network models have shown great potential in improving the prediction accuracy of future events. However, current approaches still suffer from several drawbacks such as model transparency, unfair prediction and the poor prediction accuracy due to data sparsity and bias. Another issue in modeling human event data is that data collected from real word is usually incomplete, and even …

The Body As A Means Of Cultural Awareness And Social Intervention: The Case Of Raymond Duncan And Penelope Sikelianos, Ekaterini Diakoumopoulou

Tête à Tête: Journal of Francophone Studies

Using the example of the Duncan family this article will explore the human body as an object of self-determination, a means of overcoming social boundaries, a field of racist shooting and phobic enforcement, a reference point of public outrage and the complex between sociality and corporality, but also as a tool of political vigilance and social intervention. Does a body dressed in a tunic resist the western way of life? Or is it a stereotypical outpouring of people unable to modernize? Is the body instrumentalized as a means of narrating exoticism? The bodies of the Duncan family members are an …

“Mieux Vaut Goujat Debout Qu’Empereur Enterré !” : An Examination Of The Arts Incohérents Movement And Its Place In French Artistic Canon, Ashley Holt

Tête à Tête: Journal of Francophone Studies

No abstract provided.

Witnessing And The Gaze In Barbusse’S Hell, Rebecca Stobaugh

Tête à Tête: Journal of Francophone Studies

Stripped down to its most basic plot summary, the premise of Henri Barbusse’s 1908 novel Hell, or L’enfer, sounds like the plot of a cheap porno: a man discovers a peep hole in his hotel room and proceeds to spy on the private lives of the people next door. Indeed, the novel obsesses over the erotic; yet, this obsession is often just as unsensual as it is pleasurable, as descriptions of sex become increasingly disillusioning, and the characters, unsatisfied. Moreover, the narrator does not spy on others for a strictly sexual thrill, but because he believes seeing people …

Women Of The Dalit Unrest: Rewriting Bodies, Reinforcing Resistance, Suddhadeep Mukherjee

Tête à Tête: Journal of Francophone Studies

The paper aims to take the scholarship on corporeal feminism and Dalit Studies forward by focusing on the Dalit woman’s body. The body is not treated as an inert surface in this paper but is considered as a transformative medium that can alter its embedded codifications and significations through transgressive performances in the face of systemic and systematized caste violence. In doing so the gendered body not only challenges to rewrite the Dalit epistemology from the vantage of resistance but also initiates a rethinking of Indian feminism. The paper begins with a discursive discussion on the importance of the gender …

The Affective Construction Of Plurality Of Nationalism And Citizenship, Aparajita Dutta

Tête à Tête: Journal of Francophone Studies

No abstract provided.

Bodies And Expressions: Exploring The Aesthetics Of Disability Performance Art, Jaya Sarkar

Tête à Tête: Journal of Francophone Studies

No abstract provided.

“Bovarique” Bodies From 19th Century France To 20st Century London, Andisheh Ghaderi, Anoosheh Ghaderi

Tête à Tête: Journal of Francophone Studies

Women’s bodies have always been charged by social associations that aim to control, shape, and discipline women. The frustrations and the ennui caused by sociocultural and political constraints push women to a state of existential crisis and eventually a erasure through biological death. Such vicious cycles had been depicted in the literary works to which Gustave Flaubert’s Madame Bovary (1856) serves as a prominent example. Flaubert’s protagonist, Emma Bovary represents the pathway of a young, provincial, woman to a tragic adulthood filled with banality, emptiness, and despair. Objects, ranging from journals to clothes, are omnipresent in Emma’s life and shape …

The Influence Of Perceived Realistic And Symbolic Threat On College Students’ Attitudes Toward Immigrants And Immigration, Brook Shantel Spurlock

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Immigration has been one of the most dominant and salient political issues during recent presidential election. Unfortunately, the debates surrounding immigration often castigated Latin Americans as threatening, with the intent to spark fear among voters, while increasing the support for anti-immigration policies, such as the border wall and opposition to passage of a law granting citizenship to Dreamers. The purpose of this dissertation was to determine how realistic and symbolic threats influence college students’ attitudes on immigrants and immigration. Very few studies have been conducted on how realistic and symbolic threats influence immigration attitudes and opinions regarding a wide range …

"News At Its Best:" A Case Study Of Boundary Crossing In Social Media Journalism, Bailey L. Williams

LSU Master's Theses

Digitalization continues to redefine the news ecosystem and boundaries that distinguish traditional news organizations from their nontraditional competitors. However, we still know little about how nontraditional organizations that operate entirely on social media are situated within their news ecosystems. This study examines “Reporter News,” a Facebook page that reports local and breaking news in Shreveport, Louisiana. A traditional journalist used the page to report news independently. In January 2020, he left the page in the care of a team of amateur journalists who contributed content to the page. In the amateurs’ care, the Facebook page has continued to amass a …

Microplastics Through The Lens Of Colloid Science, Ahmed Al Harraq, Bhuvnesh Bharti

Faculty Publications

Microplastics are sub-millimeter-sized fragments of plastics and a relatively new class of pollutant increasingly found in the environment. Due to their size and surface area to volume ratio, the physicochemical characteristics of microplastics can diverge from those of their macroscopic counterparts. This is partly why it is challenging to understand their origin, analyze their behavior, and predict their fates in the environment compared to large pollutants. We believe that adopting a view of microplastics as a colloid provides a holistic framework that connects their physical properties and surface chemistries with observations of their dynamics in the environment. In particular, we …

Designing A Clinical Study With Dietary Supplements: It's All In The Details, Z. Elizabeth Floyd, David M. Ribnicky, Ilya Raskin, Daniel S. Hsia, Jennifer C. Rood, Bill J. Gurley

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

A successful randomized clinical trial of the effect of dietary supplements on a chosen endpoint begins with developing supporting data in preclinical studies while paying attention to easily overlooked details when planning the related clinical trial. In this perspective, we draw on our experience studying the effect of an ethanolic extract from Artemisia dracunculus L. (termed PMI-5011) on glucose homeostasis as a potential therapeutic option in providing resilience to metabolic syndrome (MetS). Decisions on experimental design related to issues ranging from choice of mouse model to dosing levels and route of administration in the preclinical studies will be discussed in …