Digital Commons Network^™

Speciation-By-Depth On Coral Reefs: Sympatric Divergence With Gene Flow Or Cryptic Transient Isolation?, Carlos Prada, Michael E. Hellberg

Faculty Publications

© 2020 The Authors. Journal of Evolutionary Biology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Society for Evolutionary Biology The distributions of many sister species in the sea overlap geographically but are partitioned along depth gradients. The genetic changes leading to depth segregation may evolve in geographic isolation as a prerequisite to coexistence or may emerge during primary divergence leading to new species. These alternatives can now be distinguished via the power endowed by the thousands of scorable loci provided by second-generation sequence data. Here, we revisit the case of two depth-segregated, genetically isolated ecotypes of …

Lsu General Catalog 2020-2021, Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College

LSU General Catalog

The LSU General Catalog describes all undergraduate and graduate departments and programs with degree requirements and courses offered for each one. The LSU General Catalog includes information on registration and financial aid as well as academic services offered to all students.

Using Community Phylogenetics To Assess Phylogenetic Structure In The Fitzcarrald Region Of Western Amazonia, Jack M. Craig, Tiago P. Carvalho, Prosanta Chakrabarty, Valerie Derouen, Hernán Ortega, Paulo Petry, Roberto E. Reis, Victor A. Tagliacollo, James S. Albert

Faculty Publications

© 2020 The Authors. Di versity and Distributions Published by SBI. Here we explore the use of community phylogenetics as a tool to document patterns of biodiversity in the Fitzcarrald region, a remote area in Southwestern Amazonia. For these analyses, we subdivide the region into basin-wide assemblages encompassing the headwaters of four Amazonian tributaries (Urubamba, Yuruá, Purús and Las Piedras basins), and habitat types: river channels, terra firme (non-floodplain) streams, and floodplain lakes. We present a robust, well-documented collection of fishes from the region including 272 species collected from 132 field sites over 63 field days and four years, comprising …

Soul Liberty: The Evolution Of Black Religious Politics In Postemancipation Virginia, Shakeel Harris

Civil War Book Review

In Soul Liberty: The Evolution of Black Religious Politics in Postemancipation Virginia, Yale religious studies professor Nicole Meyers Turner designates the black church as the birthplace of black political activity. Turner utilizes a wealth of denominational meeting minutes, government documents and newspaper articles to craft a well-researched religious history. This history is grounded in the actions of black Virginian churchgoers’ quest to achieve a multifaceted form of freedom and autonomy which Turner dubs, ‘soul liberty.’ Religious institutions, the black Baptist churches of Virginia in particular, functioned as safe spaces for communal, social, and political exploration. Baptist conventions featured committees on …

Seceding From Secession: The Civil War, Politics, And The Creation Of West Virginia, Kevin Pawlak

Civil War Book Review

Former Virginia Governor Henry A. Wise famously classified the creation of West Virginia out of Virginia as the “bastard child of a political rape.” The story of West Virginia’s statehood is an intriguing mix of political bandying, court rulings, military actions, and societal differences between prewar Virginians living on either side of the Appalachian Mountains. Eric Wittenberg, Edmund Sargus, Jr., and Penny Barrick—lawyers or judges all—form a team well-equipped to examine Wise’s famous claim. As such, Seceding from Secession highlights the legitimacy of West Virginia’s statehood while placing President Abraham Lincoln and the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad in the center …

Investigating The Potential Use Of Sentinel-1 Data For Monitoring Wetland Water Level Changes In China's Momoge National Nature Reserve, Yueqing Chen, Sijia Qiao, Guangxin Zhang, Y. Jun Xu, Liwen Chen, Lili Wu

Faculty Publications

Background. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) has become a promising technique for monitoring wetland water levels. However, its capability in monitoring wetland water level changes with Sentine-1 data has not yet been thoroughly investigated. Methods. In this study, we produced a multitemporal Sentinel-1 C-band VV-polarized SAR backscatter images and generated a total of 28 interferometric coherence maps for marsh wetlands of China's Momoge National Nature Reserve to investigate the interferometric coherence level of Sentinel-1 C-VV data as a function of perpendicular and temporal baseline, water depth, and SAR backscattering intensity. We also selected six interferogram pairs acquired within 24 days …

Emerging Infectious Disease, The Household Built Environment Characteristics, And Urban Planning: Evidence On Avian Influenza In Vietnam, James H. Spencer, Melissa L. Finucane, Jefferson M. Fox, Sumeet Saksena, Nargis Sultana

Faculty Publications

Recent concerns with pandemic outbreaks of human disease and their origins in animal populations have ignited concerns regarding connections between Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) and development. As disasters, health, and infectious disease become part of planning concern (Matthew & McDonald, 2007), greater focus on household infrastructure and EID disease outbreaks among poultry is warranted. Following Spencer (2013), this study examines the relationship between the mix of household-scale water supplies, sanitation systems, and construction materials, and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) among poultry in a developing country: Vietnam. Findings of our multivariate logistic regressions suggest that a non-linear, Kuznets-shaped urban transition …

Mass Concentration And Size Distribution Of Particles Released From Harvesting And Biomass Burning Of Sugarcane, Sanku Dattamudi, Jim J. Wang, Syam K. Dodla, Ronald Delaune, April Hiscox, Howard Viator, Changyoon Jeong

Faculty Publications

We evaluated size distribution and mass concentrations of fine (particulate matter < 2.5 μm, PM2.5) and coarse (particulate matter = 2.5–10 μm, PM2.5-10) particles released during sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) harvesting operations, including cutting of green cane (GH), burning of standing cane (SB), cane harvest cutting after SB (BH), and ground burning of harvest residues left in the field (GB). Total number of PM2.5 released from GB was 1.63 times greater than that from SB. Total time of burning (flaming + smoldering) phase during GB was 1.5 to 2.1 times longer than SB. The flaming phase for both GB and SB was shorter than the smoldering phase but emitted 5.2 to 7.5 times more PM2.5. Average particle density of PM2.5 from burning operations was 1.12 g cm−3 for GB and 0.52 g cm−3 for SB. The GH and BH released lower PM2.5 but higher PM2.5-10 as compared to SB and GB. Overall, biomass burning, regardless GB and SB difference, released significantly higher PM2.5 than harvest-cutting operations.

Morphologic Adjustments Of Actively Evolving Highly Curved Neck Cutoffs, Derek Richards, Kory Konsoer

Faculty Publications

Neck cutoffs and their resultant oxbow lakes are important and prominent features of riverine landscapes. Detailed field-based research focusing on the morphologic evolution of neck cutoffs is currently insufficient to fully characterize cutoff evolution. High-resolution bathymetric data were collected over 3 years for the purpose of determining channel morphology and morphologic change on three actively evolving neck cutoffs. Results indicate the following general trends in morphologic adjustment: (1) a longitudinal bar in the upstream meander limb that develops near the entrance to the abandoned bend; (2) a deep scour hole in the downstream meander limb immediately downstream of the cutoff …

Alu Insertion Polymorphisms Shared By Papio Baboons And Theropithecus Gelada Reveal An Intertwined Common Ancestry, Jerilyn A. Walker, Vallmer E. Jordan, Jessica M. Storer, Cody J. Steely, Paulina Gonzalez-Quiroga, Thomas O. Beckstrom, Lydia C. Rewerts, Corey P. St. Romain, Catherine E. Rockwell, Jeffrey Rogers, Clifford J. Jolly, Miriam K. Konkel, Mark A. Batzer, R. Alan Harris, Muthuswamy Raveendran, Yue Liu, Shwetha Murali, Tauras P. Vilgalys, Gregg W.C. Thomas, Kymberleigh A. Pagel, Vikas Pejaver, Claudia R. Catacchio, Nicoletta Archidiacono, Mario Ventura, Alessia Marra-Campanale, Antonio Palazzo, Oronzo Capozzi, Archana Raja, John Huddleston, Veronica Searles Quick, Anis Karimpour-Fard, Dominik Schrempf, Marc De Manuel Montero, Konstantinos Billis

Faculty Publications

© 2019 The Author(s). Background: Baboons (genus Papio) and geladas (Theropithecus gelada) are now generally recognized as close phylogenetic relatives, though morphologically quite distinct and generally classified in separate genera. Primate specific Alu retrotransposons are well-established genomic markers for the study of phylogenetic and population genetic relationships. We previously reported a computational reconstruction of Papio phylogeny using large-scale whole genome sequence (WGS) analysis of Alu insertion polymorphisms. Recently, high coverage WGS was generated for Theropithecus gelada. The objective of this study was to apply the high-Throughput "poly-Detect" method to computationally determine the number of Alu insertion polymorphisms shared by T. …

The Future Of Reef Ecosystems In The Gulf Of Mexico: Insights From Coupled Climate Model Simulations And Ancient Hot-House Reefs, Kristine L. Delong

Faculty Publications

emperatures (SST), salinity, carbonate chemistry, and acidity. Over the last half-century, some reef communities have been disappearing at an alarming pace. This study focuses on the Gulf of Mexico, where the majority of shallow coral reefs are reported to be in poor or fair condition. We analyze the RCP8.5 ensemble of the Community Earth System Model v1.2 to identify monthly-to-decadal trends in Gulf of Mexico SST. Secondly, we examine projected changes in ocean pH, carbonate saturation state, and salinity in the same coupled model simulations. We find that the joint impacts of predicted higher temperatures and changes in ocean acidification …

Race, Geography, And News Coverage Of The Opioid Epidemic, Nicholas B. Robert

LSU Master's Theses

The opioid epidemic is the deadliest drug epidemic in United States history. During the early stages of the epidemic, the focus was on white victims in rural and suburban areas. Using the geo-ethnic framework developed from immigration research, this study examines if geography and race impacted the framing of the opioid epidemic in newspapers. The study finds there to be a low level of geo-ethnic influenced framing in news coverage of the opioid epidemic from 2016-2018.

The Effects Of Forced Migration On The Houma Of Louisiana, Jessica R. Parfait

LSU Master's Theses

This thesis seeks to understand the effects of multiple forced migrations on the Indigenous Houma of southern Louisiana. The causes of these migrations have taken many forms such as the dispossession of land and relocating for access to resources. Through ethnographic interviews and historic research, I seek to critically engage the past to understand how it has molded the present and the lives of tribal citizens. I evaluate the power dynamics enacted upon the Houma who have recorded contact with Europeans dating to 1686 but have never been recognized as a sovereign entity by the United States.

L'Apport Des Écrivains Catholiques Du Début Du Xxe Siècle Au Roman D'Analyse À Travers Leur Étude Du Mariage, Edouard D'Espalungue D'Arros

LSU Master's Theses

The psychological novel (roman d’analyse) as a genre starts in France with Mme de Lafayette (1634-1693) in the seventeenth century with the publication of La Princesse de Clèves (1678). However, the use of a psychological perspective is less known among early twentiethth century catholic authors. At the beginning of the century, several authors have used this genre extensively to convey their moral message: Paul Bourget (1852-1935); Henry Bordeaux (1870-1963); and Émile Baumann (1868-1941). The works of these writers have not been the object of research when it comes to analyzing their views and their accounts of their epoch. …

Searching For Galveztown: Employing Multiple Methodologies To Identify Features Of The Galveztown Settlement, Ashlee Taylor

LSU Master's Theses

Galveztown (1778-1806) was a Spanish fort and settlement located in southeastern Louisiana. This site was historically important as it provided protection for the city of New Orleans during a time of constantly shifting geopolitical environment. Today, this site is among the most important historical archaeological sites in Louisiana. Culturally, this site is significant as the descendants of the settlers still live within the Baton Rouge metropolitan area. Archaeologically, the site is significant due to the limited disturbance and lack of urban development at the location which has protected the archaeological record.

Galveztown is also one of the best documented Canary …

Integrating Imaging Spectrometer And Synthetic Aperture Radar Data For Estimating Wetland Vegetation Aboveground Biomass In Coastal Louisiana, Daniel Jensen, Kyle C. Cavanaugh, Marc Simard, Gregory S. Okin, Edward Castañeda-Moya, Annabeth Mccall, Robert R. Twilley

Faculty Publications

Aboveground biomass (AGB) plays a critical functional role in coastal wetland ecosystem stability, with high biomass vegetation contributing to organic matter production, sediment accretion potential, and the surface elevation's ability to keep pace with relative sea level rise. Many remote sensing studies have employed either imaging spectrometer or synthetic aperture radar (SAR) for AGB estimation in various environments for assessing ecosystem health and carbon storage. This study leverages airborne data from NASA's Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer-Next Generation (AVIRIS-NG) and Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR) to assess their unique capabilities in combination to estimate AGB in coastal deltaic wetlands. …

Integrating Geochronologic And Instrumental Approaches Across The Bengal Basin, Carol Wilson

Faculty Publications

Constraining time is of critical importance to evaluating the rates and relative contributions of processes driving landscape change in sedimentary basins. The geomorphic character of the field setting guides the application of geochronologic or instrumental tools to this problem, because the viability of methods can be highly influenced by geomorphic attributes. For example, sediment yield and the linked potential for organic preservation may govern the usefulness of radiocarbon dating. Similarly, the rate of sediment transport from source to sink may determine the maturity and/or light exposure of mineral grains arriving in the delta and thus the feasibility of luminescence dating. …

Testing Predictability Of Disease Outbreaks With A Simple Model Of Pathogen Biogeography, Tad A. Dallas, Colin J. Carlson, Timothée Poisot

Faculty Publications

© 2019 The Authors. Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. Predicting disease emergence and outbreak events is a critical task for public health professionals and epidemiologists. Advances in global disease surveillance are increasingly generating datasets that are worth more than their component parts for prediction-oriented work. Here, we use a trait-free approach which leverages information on the global community of human infectious diseases to predict the biogeography of pathogens through time. Our approach takes pairwise dissimilarities between countries’ pathogen …

Haplotype Characterization Of The Sd1 Semidwarf Gene In United States Rice, Brijesh Angira, Christopher K. Addison, Tommaso Cerioli, Democrito B. Rebong, Diane R. Wang, Nathan Pumplin, Jong H. Ham, James H. Oard, Steven D. Linscombe, Adam N. Famoso

Faculty Publications

Plant height is an important target in US rice (Oryza sativa L.) breeding programs and the large effect of the sd1 semidwarf gene makes it a suitable target for marker-assisted selection. Although the deletion underlying the semidwarf allele is known and a gel-based DNA marker is available, this marker is not ideal for applied breeding because of throughput and cost constraints. The objectives of this study were to characterize the haplotype diversity at the SD1 locus within US rice germplasm and develop a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) assay for breeding applications. The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) SNP-Seek database was …

Gamma Ray Flashes Produced By Lightning Observed At Ground Level By Tetra-Ii, D. J. Pleshinger, S. T. Alnussirat, J. Arias, S. Bai, Y. Banadaki, M. L. Cherry, J. H. Hoffman, E. Khosravi, M. D. Legault, R. Rodriguez, D. Smith, D. Smith, E. Del Toro, J. C. Trepanier, A. Sunda-Meya

Faculty Publications

In its first 2 years of operation, the ground-based Terrestrial gamma ray flash and Energetic Thunderstorm Rooftop Array (TETRA)-II array of gamma ray detectors has recorded 22 bursts of gamma rays of millisecond-scale duration associated with lightning. In this study, we present the TETRA-II observations detected at the three TETRA-II ground-level sites in Louisiana, Puerto Rico, and Panama together with the simultaneous radio frequency signals from the lightning data sets VAISALA Global Lightning Dataset, VAISALA National Lightning Detection Network, Earth Networks Total Lightning Network, and World Wide Lightning Location Network. The relative timing between the gamma ray events and the …

Grids & Datums, Clifford J. Mugnier

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Past East Asian Monsoon Evolution Controlled By Paleogeography, Not Co2, Alex Farnsworth, Daniel J. Lunt, Stuart A. Robinson, Paul J. Valdes, William H.G. Roberts, Peter D. Clift, Paul Markwick, Tao Su, Neil Wrobel, Fran Bragg, Sarah Jane Kelland, Richard D. Pancost

Faculty Publications

Copyright © 2019 The Authors, The East Asian monsoon plays an integral role in human society, yet its geological history and controlling processes are poorly understood. Using a general circulation model and geological data, we explore the drivers controlling the evolution of the monsoon system over the past 150 million years. In contrast to previous work, we find that the monsoon is controlled primarily by changes in paleogeography, with little influence from atmospheric CO2. We associate increased precipitation since the Late Cretaceous with the gradual uplift of the Himalayan-Tibetan region, transitioning from an ITCZ-dominated monsoon to a sea breeze–dominated monsoon. …

Accumulation Over Evolutionary Time As A Major Cause Of Biodiversity Hotspots In Conifers, Mekala Sundaram, Michael J. Donoghue, Aljos Farjon, Denis Filer, Sarah Mathews, Walter Jetz, Andrew B. Leslie

Faculty Publications

© 2019 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved. Biodiversity hotspots are important for understanding how areas of high species richness form, but disentangling the processes that produce them is difficult. We combine geographical ranges, phylogenetic relationships and trait data for 606 conifer species in order to explore the mechanisms underlying richness hotspot formation. We identify eight richness hotspots that overlap known centres of plant endemism and diversity, and find that conifer richness hotspots occur in mountainous areas within broader regions of long-term climate stability. Conifer hotspots are not unique in their species composition, traits or phylogenetic …

Detecting Parasite Associations Within Multi-Species Host And Parasite Communities, Tad A. Dallas, Anna Liisa Laine, Otso Ovaskainen

Faculty Publications

© 2019 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved. Understanding the role of biotic interactions in shaping natural communities is a long-standing challenge in ecology. It is particularly pertinent to parasite communities sharing the same host communities and individuals, as the interactions among parasites—both competition and facilitation—may have far-reaching implications for parasite transmission and evolution. Aggregated parasite burdens may suggest that infected host individuals are either more prone to infection, or that infection by a parasite species facilitates another, leading to a positive parasite–parasite interaction. However, parasite species may also compete for host resources, leading to the …

Ornithological Expeditions To Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo, 2007-2017, Frederick H. Sheldon, Haw Chuan Lim, Phred M. Benham, Matthew L. Brady, Clare E. Brown, Ryan C. Burner, Vivien L. Chua, John C. Mittermeier, Subir B. Shakya, Paul Van Els, Mustafa Abdul Rahman, Dency F. Gawin, Zahirunisa Abdul Rahim, Luisa Duya Setia, Robert Moyle

Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University

Louisiana State University, the University of Kansas, and the Universiti Malaysia Sarawak undertook collaborative research on the evolution and ecology of Bornean birds starting in 2005. This collaboration included a series of expeditions from 2007–2017 to collect and study birds at >30 sites in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Here we provide information on the study-sites and summarize the main discoveries resulting from the collaboration.

Pacts 1.0: A Crowdsourced Reporting Standard For Paleoclimate Data, Kristine Delong

Faculty Publications

The progress of science is tied to the standardization of measurements, instruments, and data. This is especially true in the Big Data age, where analyzing large data volumes critically hinges on the data being standardized. Accordingly, the lack of community-sanctioned data standards in paleoclimatology has largely precluded the benefits of Big Data advances in the field. Building upon recent efforts to standardize the format and terminology of paleoclimate data, this article describes the Paleoclimate Community reporTing Standard (PaCTS), a crowdsourced reporting standard for such data. PaCTS captures which information should be included when reporting paleoclimate data, with the goal of …

Lsu Research Fall 2019, Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College

Research Magazine

LSU Research is published annually by the Office of Research & Economic Development, Louisiana State University.

Intensive Livestock Production Causing Antibiotic Pollution In The Yinma River Of Northeast China, Hanyu Ju, Sijia Li, Y. Jun Xu, Guangxin Zhang, Jiquan Zhang

Faculty Publications

Antibiotics are increasingly used in livestock production in rural China, raising concerns over pollution and health risk in countryside waterways. The Yinma River Basin in China's far northeast is an agriculture-dominated area mixed with a densely populated province capitol city, providing a suitable area for investigating the influence of a typical land use mix in Northeast China on riverine antibiotic levels and transport. In this study, we sampled water along the Yinma River from upstream to downstream in a wet and a dry season and analyzed the samples for two popularly used antibiotics, ciprofloxacin (CIP) and norfloxacin (NOR). The goal …

Response Of Water Resources To Future Climate Change In A High-Latitude River Basin, Peng Qi, Guangxin Zhang, Yi Jun Xu, Zhikun Xia, Ming Wang

Faculty Publications

Global water resources are affected by climate change as never before. However, it is still unclear how water resources in high latitudes respond to climate change. In this study, the water resource data for 2021-2050 in the Naoli River Basin, a high-latitude basin in China, are calculated by using the SWAT-Modflow Model and future climate scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. The results show a decreasing trend. When compared to the present, future streamflow is predicted to decrease by 2.73 × 108 m3 in 2021-2035 and by 1.51 × 108 m3 in 2036-2050 in the RCP4.5 scenario, and by 8.16 × 108 …

Dam Effects On Downstream Riparian Wetlands: The Nenjiang River, Northeast China, Yuexin Zheng, Guangxin Zhang, Yanfeng Wu, Y. Jun Xu, Changlei Dai

Faculty Publications

Many studies have found that damming a river can change downstream hydrology, sediment transport, channel morphology, and fish habitat. However, little is known about river dam effects on downstream riparian wetland dynamics and their quantitative relationship with hydrological alterations. In this study, hydrological time series and wetland distribution data spanning nearly 40 years (1978-2016) before and after the construction of a large dam in 2005 across the Nenjiang River in Northeast China were used to reveal the impact of dam on the downstream discharge regime and wetland degradation. Hydro-statistical and stepwise multiple regression analyses were performed to quantify the relationship …