A Tribute To Gregory A. Voth, Jaehyeok Jin, William G. Noid, Jianing Li, Revati Kumar, Jianshu Cao, Seogjoo Jang, Francesco Paesani, David Reichman

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Comparison Of Diploid And Triploid Eastern Oysters For Aquaculture Production Under Extreme Temperatures And Salinities, Joshua H. Kim

LSU Master's Theses

Off-bottom aquaculture of Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) is a nascent industry that is increasingly supported by the use of triploid oysters, which grow faster than diploids. Despite their growth advantage, elevated triploid mortality compared to diploids under high temperature, low salinity, or a combination of these conditions challenge consistent triploid production. Identifying the environmental thresholds at which differential triploid mortality occurs and predicting its economic impact are important to informing decision-making in oyster aquaculture. The goal of this thesis was to compare the biological and economic performance of diploid and triploid oysters under high temperature and low salinity conditions. …

Bernoulli Convolution Of The Depth Of Nodes In Recursive Trees With General Affinities, Toshio Nakata, Hosam Mahmoud

Journal of Stochastic Analysis

No abstract provided.

The Evolution Of Science And Regulation Of Dietary Supplements: Past, Present, And Future, Paul M. Coates, Regan L. Bailey, Jeffrey B. Blumberg, Ahmed El-Sohemy, Elizabeth Floyd, Joshua Z. Goldenberg, Aimée Gould Shunney, Hannah D. Holscher, Yasmeen Nkrumah-Elie, Deshanie Rai, Barry W. Ritz, Wendy J. Weber

Division of Basic Science Faculty Publications

Dietary supplement use in the United States is widespread and increasing, especially among certain population groups, such as older Americans. The science surrounding dietary supplements has evolved substantially over the last few decades since their formal regulation in 1994. Much has been learned about the mechanisms of action of many dietary supplement ingredients, but the evidence on their health effects is still building. As is true of much nutrition research, there are many studies that point to health effects, but not all are at the level of scientific evidence (e.g., randomized controlled interventions), rigor, or quality needed for definitive statements …

Changes In Energy Expenditure And Physical Activity Over 15 Years Of Environmental Changes: The Maycoba Project, Alexandra Niclou, Julián Esparza-Romero, Rene Urquidez-Romero, Yan Y. Lam, Jennifer Rood, Leslie O. Schulz, Peter H. Bennett, Mauro E. Valencia, Eric Ravussin

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Objective: This work aimed to parse out the role of changing environments on body composition, total energy expenditure, and physical activity in the Mexican Pima, a population experiencing rapid industrialization. Methods: Using doubly labeled water, we compared energy expenditure and physical activity in a longitudinal cohort of Mexican Pima (n = 26; female: 12) in 1995 and 2010. Body mass and composition were assessed by bioimpedance analysis. To determine the effects of environmental factors on body weight independent of age, we compared the 1995 longitudinal cohort with an age- and sex-matched cross-sectional cohort (n = 26) in 2010. Results: Body …

Response Of A Terrestrial Polar Ecosystem To The March 2022 Antarctic Weather Anomaly, J. E. Barrett, Byron J. Adams, Peter T. Doran, Hilary A. Dugan, Krista F. Myers, Mark R. Salvatore, Sarah N. Power, Meredith D. Snyder, Anna T. Wright, Michael N. Gooseff

Faculty Publications

Record high temperatures were documented in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica, on 18 March 2022, exceeding average temperatures for that day by nearly 30°C. Satellite imagery and stream gage measurements indicate that surface wetting coincided with this warming more than 2 months after peak summer thaw and likely exceeded thresholds for rehydration and activation of resident organisms that typically survive the cold and dry conditions of the polar fall in a freeze-dried state. This weather event is notable in both the timing and magnitude of the warming and wetting when temperatures exceeded 0°C at a time when biological communities and …

Effects Of Exercise Or Metformin On Myokine Concentrations In Patients With Breast And Colorectal Cancer: A Phase Ii Multi-Centre Factorial Randomized Trial, Justin C. Brown, Guillaume Spielmann, Shengping Yang, Stephanie L.E. Compton, Lee W. Jones, Melinda L. Irwin, Jennifer A. Ligibel, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt

Faculty Publications

Background: Physical activity and metformin pharmacotherapy are associated with improved clinical outcomes in breast and colorectal cancer survivors. Myokines are cytokines secreted from skeletal muscle that may mediate these associations. Methods: This hypothesis-generating analysis used biospecimens collected from a multi-centre 2 × 2 factorial randomized design of 116 patients with stage I–III breast and colorectal cancer who were randomized to 12 weeks of (1) aerobic exercise (moderate intensity titrated to 220 min/week); (2) metformin (850 mg daily for 2 weeks and then titrated to 850 mg twice per day); (3) aerobic exercise and metformin; or (4) control. Fourteen myokines were …

Effects Of Non-Face-To-Face Chronic Care Management On Service Utilization And Outcomes Among Us Medicare Beneficiaries With Diabetes, Dongzhe Hong, Charles Stoecker, Yixue Shao, Elizabeth Nauman, Vivian Fonseca, Gang Hu, Alessandra N. Bazzano, Edmond K. Kabagambe, Lizheng Shi

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) results in heavy economic and disease burdens in Louisiana. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services has reimbursed non-face-to-face chronic care management (NFFCCM) for patients with two or more chronic conditions since 2015. Objective: To assess the impacts of NFFCCM on healthcare utilization and health outcomes. Design, Setting, and Participants: This retrospective cohort study included Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries with T2DM and at least one additional chronic disease between 2014 and 2018. Exposures: At least one record of NFFCCM Current Procedural Terminology codes. Main Measures: The health outcomes in the study included major adverse cardiovascular …

The Risk Management Of Covid-19: Lessons From Financial Economics And Financial Risk Management, Don M. Chance

Faculty Publications

The United States had one of the worst outcomes in the management of COVID-19 risk, with a death rate in the 94th percentile of all countries. Setting aside the obvious politicized nature of COVID-19 public health recommendations and mandates, we argue that best practices in financial risk management provide parallels that could have served as valuable guidance. We demonstrate here that considerable signals were missed that would have required very little effort and would have been consistent with sound risk management. We also identify examples of misleading information such as that COVID-19 was particularly hard on the elderly. The data …

Storm Surge Modeling In The Ai Era: Using Lstm-Based Machine Learning For Enhancing Forecasting Accuracy, Stefanos Giaremis, Noujoud Nader, Clint Dawson, Carola Kaiser, Efstratios Nikidis, Hartmut Kaiser

Faculty Publications

Physics simulation results of natural processes usually do not fully capture the real world. This is caused for instance by limits in what physical processes are simulated and to what accuracy. In this work we propose and analyze the use of an LSTM-based deep learning network machine learning (ML) architecture for capturing and predicting the behavior of the systemic error for storm tide forecast models with respect to real-world water elevation observations from gauge stations during hurricane events. The overall goal of this work is to predict the systemic error of the physics model and use it to improve the …

Empirical Distribution Functions For Farmland Derivative Stocks, Shaharia Jaman Bhuiyan

LSU Master's Theses

Abstract

This thesis investigates the statistical distribution functions fit for modeling the returns of farmland derivative stocks and financial market indexes. Farmland derivative stocks have garnered increased interest due to their potential use in portfolio diversification and risk management. Financial asset returns can be characterized by higher moment behavior in the underlying statistical distribution. This implies that in assessing the statistical distribution properties of risks, proper consideration must be given to the choice of functional form. The Generalized Lambda Distribution (GLD) is used due to its flexibility in model various distribution functions.

The dataset comprises daily and monthly log returns …

Development Of Satellite-Assisted Forecasting System For Vibrio Vulnificus Prevalence In Coastal Waters, Saber Aradpour

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Vibrio vulnificus is a halophilic gamma proteobacterium that is autochthonous to coastal waters and is responsible for 50% of seafood-related deaths in the United States. This study presents a series of nowcasting and forecasting models for predicting vibrio vulnificus abundance in oysters by identifying the long-range dependence of vibrio vulnificus abundance on antecedent environmental conditions and detecting the environmental conditions using satellite remote sensing technology. It was discovered that vibrio vulnificus abundance exhibits a long-range dependence on antecedent environmental conditions which can be characterized by seven independent environmental predictors (stressors) including sea surface temperature (SST), water level (WL), sea surface …

Synthesis Of Portions Of An Acinetobacter Baumannii Lipooligosaccharide (Los), Brandon Conrad

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Glycoconjugate vaccines have become an effective strategy for protection against an array of globally persistent diseases resulting from pathogenic bacteria such as Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), Neisseria meningitidis, and Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi. Comprised of a carbohydrate (referred to as glycan) covalently inked to a carrier protein, these vaccines can initiate adaptive immunity by inducing B and T cell responses once in the lymphatic system. This is particularly relevant for infants two years of age and younger whose immune systems are not fully developed. A continuously emerging threat in clinical settings, Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative bacterium …

Quantum Classical Algorithm For Solving The Hubbard Model Via Dynamical Mean-Field Theory, Anshumitra Baul

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Modeling many-body quantum systems is widely regarded as one of the most promising applications for near-term noisy quantum computers. However, in the near term, system size limitation will remain a severe barrier for applications in materials science or strongly correlated systems. A promising avenue of research is to combine many-body physics with machine learning for the classification of distinct phases. I present a workflow that synergizes quantum computing, many-body theory, and quantum machine learning (QML) for studying strongly correlated systems. In particular, it can capture a putative quantum phase transition of the stereotypical strongly correlated system, the Hubbard model. Following …

The Anatomy Of Inequality: Medicine, Mourning, And Socioeconomic Status In Victorian England, Molly G. Decker

LSU Master's Theses

"The Anatomy of Inequality: Medicine, Mourning, and Socioeconomic Status in Victorian England," examines the historic relationships between socioeconomic inequality, death, and medical practice during the Victorian period, with specific ttention on London and surrounding areas. I argue that the extreme socioeconomic disparities of the time were deeply intertwined with the practices surrounding death, mourning, and medical care. The first chapter, "The Price of Sorrow," explores the elaborate mourning rituals and displays of status among the wealthy and upper to middle-class Victorians, detailing how these practices were not only expressions of grief but also conspicuous displays of social status and wealth. …

Effect Of Micellar Morphology On The Temperature-Induced Structural Evolution Of Abc Polypeptoid Triblock Terpolymers Into Two-Compartment Hydrogel Network, Naisheng Jiang, Tianyi Yu, Meng Zhang, Bailee N. Barrett, Haofeng Sun, Jun Wang, Ying Luo, Garrett L. Sternhagen, Sunting Xuan, Guangcui Yuan, Elizabeth G. Kelley, Shuo Qian, Peter V. Bonnesen, Kunlun Hong, Dongcui Li, Donghui Zhang

Faculty Publications

We investigated the temperature-dependent structural evolution of thermoreversible triblock terpolypeptoid hydrogels, namely poly(N-allyl glycine)-b-poly(N-methyl glycine)-b-poly(N-decyl glycine) (AMD), using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) with contrast matching in conjunction with X-ray scattering and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) techniques. At room temperature, A100M101D10 triblock terpolypeptoids self-assemble into core-corona-type spherical micelles in aqueous solution. Upon heating above the critical gelation temperature (Tgel), SANS analysis revealed the formation of a two-compartment hydrogel network comprising distinct micellar cores composed of dehydrated A blocks and hydrophobic D blocks. At T ≳ Tgel, the temperature-dependent dehydration of A block further leads to the gradual rearrangement of both …

Ion-Mediated Structural Discontinuities In Phospholipid Vesicles, Judith U. De Mel, Stefanie Klisch, Sudipta Gupta, Gerald J. Schneider

Faculty Publications

Despite intense research, methods for controlling soft matter’s spontaneous self-assembly into well-defined layers remain a significant challenge. We observed ion-induced structural discontinuities of phospholipid vesicles that can be exploited for controlled self-assembly of soft materials, using DOPC and NaCl as a model system. The observations were made for the 0.25 wt % lipid concentration. We used dynamic light scattering, zeta-potential measurement, cryo-electron microscopy, small-angle X-ray, and small-angle neutron scattering to understand the reason for the discontinuities. For salt concentrations below 8 mM, we observed a decrease in the liposome diameter with increased NaCl concentration. Above 8 mM, we measured a …

Diving Deeper Into Supercuspidal Representations, Prerna Agarwal

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

In 2013, Reeder and Yu introduced certain low positive depth supercuspidal representations of $p$-adic groups called \textit{epipelagic} representations. These representations generalize the simple supercuspidal representations of Gross and Reeder, which have the lowest possible depth. Epipelagic representations also arise in recent work on the Langlands correspondence; for example, simple supercuspidals appear in the automorphic data corresponding to the Kloosterman $l$-adic sheaf. In this thesis, we take a first step towards the construction of ``\textit{mesopelagic} representation (of Iwahori type)'' which are the higher depth analogues of simple supercuspidal representations. We see that these constructions can be done in a similar way …

An Analysis Of The Development Of Cognitive Control In Young Children Within An Auditory And Visual Modality., Lauren A. Schiro

LSU Master's Theses

The Dual Mechanisms of Cognitive Control Framework (DMC) posits that cognitive control is directed through two different modes: proactive and reactive control. Proactive control involves the maintenance and manipulation of information in preparation of a response while reactive control would involve little to no preparation until after a response prompt. The AX-Continuous Performance Task (AX-CPT) is a cognitive control task that is often utilized in studies looking at proactive and reactive control as it measures context processing and goal maintenance. The aims of this study were to validate the auditory version of the AX-CPT and to then apply this task …

Reality Capture Technologies For Continuous Inline Quality Monitoring In Construction 3d Printing, Michael J. Martin Ii

LSU Master's Theses

Extrusion-based construction 3D printing (C3DP) is an innovative and emerging technology aiming at the modernization of the construction industry. It uses robots and computer control to reduce the need for human labor and to decrease construction time and cost. C3DP creates elements layer by layer without using formworks, and it is critical to detect layer defects and deformations to ensure that each layer is printed with the desired dimensions. These defects can lead to a variety of issues during or after the construction process, including the collapse of freshly printed elements. In order to detect such deformations and to enable …

Computational Design Of An Electro-Organocatalyst For Conversion Of Co2 Into Long Chain Aldehydes, Foroogh Khezeli, Craig Plaisance

Faculty Publications

Density functional theory calculations employing a hybrid implicit/explicit solvation method were used to demonstrate that an electro-organocatalyst designed in our previous work for reducing CO2 to formaldehyde could also be capable of coupling formaldehyde to form long chain aldehydes. The catalytic activity is enabled by an electron-rich vicinal enediamine (>N-C═C-N<) backbone that activates formaldehyde by reversing the polarity on the carbon atom, enabling it to act as a nucleophile in the subsequent aldol addition step. The catalyst then enables reductive dehydroxylation of the aldol addition product by facilitating outer-sphere electron transfer. The optimal pH as well as the limiting potential and formaldehyde concentration are identified and related to the kinetic balance between several rate limiting steps. Finally, the optimal conditions for coupling with the CO2 reduction cycle are discussed, demonstrating that the electro-organocatalyst is capable of efficiently converting CO2 into aldehyde products with a turnover frequency (per carbon atom) on the order of 0.1-1 s-1

Unveiling Competitive Adsorption In Tio2 Photocatalysis Through Machine-Learning-Accelerated Molecular Dynamics, Dft, And Experimental Methods, Omar Allam, Mostafa Maghsoodi, Seung Soon Jang, Samuel D. Snow

Faculty Publications

The efficient harnessing of solar power for water treatment via photocatalytic processes has long been constrained by the challenge of understanding and optimizing the interactions at the photocatalyst surface, particularly in the presence of nontarget cosolutes. The adsorption of these cosolutes, such as natural organic matter, onto photocatalysts can inhibit the degradation of pollutants, drastically decreasing the photocatalytic efficiency. In the present work, computational methods are employed to predict the inhibitory action of a suite of small organic molecules during TiO2 photocatalytic degradation of para-chlorobenzoic acid (pCBA). Specifically, tryptophan, coniferyl alcohol, succinic acid, gallic acid, and trimesic acid were selected …

Investigation Of Solvation Structures And Dynamics Of Li-Ion Battery Electrolytes And Amides In Water: An Infrared Spectroscopy, Electrochemical And Computational Study, Ernest O. Nachaki

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The investigation of solvation structures and dynamics in lithium-ion battery electrolytes and amides in water has significant implications for both fundamental science and practical applications. Understanding the solvation dynamics of lithium electrolytes can lead to the development of safer and more efficient LIBs. The study of hydrogen bond dynamics of N-alkyl substituted amides has important implications for the development of thermos-responsive polymers used in biomedical applications. By understanding how N-alkyl substitutions affect the hydration structure and dynamics of amides, this research can inform the design of polymers with tailored properties for drug delivery, tissue engineering, and other medical applications. This …

Examining Social Anxiety, Generalized Anxiety, And Major Depression’S Symptom Comorbidity In Children And Adolescents: A Longintudinal Test Of The Multiple Pathway Model, Paige Picou

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Anxiety and depressive disorders are highly prevalent in and impairing for children and adolescents and are highly comorbid. Many theories have been proposed to explain this co- occurrence, with recent models postulating multiple pathways in which specific anxiety disorders and depression may co-occur both concurrently and over time. Unfortunately, little research has evaluated these pathways longitudinally across development in a community sample. The current study tested the multiple pathway model in a sample of 9 to 12-year-old youth (Mage = 9.48, SD= 0.51) at baseline and at two-year follow-up using a subsample of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development …

Asymptotic Formula For Scattering Problems Related To Thin Metasurfaces, Zachary Jermain

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The goal of this work is to develop an asymptotic formula for the behavior of a scattered electromagnetic field in the presence of a thin metamaterial known as a metasurface. By using a carefully chosen Green’s function and the single and double layer potentials we analyze the perturbed scattering problem in the presence of the metamaterial and a background scattering problem. By using Lippman-Schwinger type representation formulas for the two fields we develop the asymptotic formula for the perturbed field. From here we prove the asymptotic formula holds up to a specific error term based on the size of the …

Topics In Photonic Quantum Technology: Polarization Entanglement Dynamics In Optical Fibers And Low-Light Imaging., Pratik J. Barge

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Recent advances in quantum photonics promise transformative impacts on computing, communication, sensing, and imaging. This thesis explores two areas in photonic quantum technology: polarization entanglement dynamics in optical fibers and low-light imaging. Optical fibers are the most suitable medium for photonic qubits and long-distance entanglement distribution is a critical requirement to realize quantum technologies. We study the decay of polarization-entanglement of the Bell state photons propagating through imperfect optical fibers with spatially fluctuating refractive index. Furthermore, to extend the distribution distance, we propose the use of dynamical decoupling in the optical fiber using half waveplates and show that significant improvement …

Mental Practice: Practical Application In Violin And Viola Private Lessons, Natasha Sieczkowska

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation aimed to better understand how violin and viola private instructors teach Mental Practice in their studios, investigating different approaches on how to apply and teach auditory, motor, and visual imagery, score study, and auditory modeling, as well as its benefits. This research was divided into two different stages. In the first stage, the researcher conducted interviews (n = 19) and collected questionnaire responses (n = 14) from 33 upper-string instructors teaching at the pre-college and collegiate levels in the US. This research stage was based on the grounded theory approach since there was not much research …

Entanglement From Rotating Black Holes In Thermal Baths, Ivan Agullo, Anthony J. Brady, Adrià Delhom, Dimitrios Kranas

Faculty Publications

We extend previous efforts to quantify the entanglement generated in Hawking's evaporation process by including rotation and thermal environments (e.g. the cosmic microwave background). Both extensions are needed to describe real black holes in our Universe. Leveraging techniques from Gaussian quantum information, we find that the black hole's ergoregion is an active source of quantum entanglement and that thermal environments drastically degrade entanglement generation. Our predictions are suitable to be tested in the lab using analog platforms and also provide tools to assess the fate of quantum information for black holes in more generic settings.

Elementary Science Teachers' Experiences: A Case Study On The Use Of Science+Cyber Curriculum, Laurie Salvail

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The field of science education in the United States has undergone a major reform since 2015. A little more than twelve years ago, work began on constructing a framework for elementary, middle, and high school science education. This framework emphasized the shift from science being merely a memorization of facts to experiences that include science and engineering practices applied through crosscutting concepts and focused on core ideas in the field of science. With new standards teachers also have to overcome a) not having adequate time available to devote to science instruction b) lack of updated instructional materials aligned to the …

The Moderating Effect Of Leadership Style On The Relationship Between Perceptions Of Organizational Justice And The Performance Appraisal Satisfaction Of Sport Employees, Jeffrey S. White

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation is an examination of how leadership style influences the relationship between sport employee perceptions of organizational justice and their satisfaction with performance appraisals. Sport employees are integral to the sport ecosystem, contributing to the physical, mental, and professional development of athletes, the operational success.

Focusing on these crucial constructs, the purpose of this study is to examine the moderating effect of leadership style on the relationship between organizational justice and performance appraisal satisfaction among sport employees. This quantitative empirical research utilizes PLS-SEM and multiple regression analysis with an aim to confirm the relationship between organizational justice and PAS …